CN104322269A - Domestication method for fresh cut flowers of wild lovely gloriosa - Google Patents
Domestication method for fresh cut flowers of wild lovely gloriosa Download PDFInfo
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- CN104322269A CN104322269A CN201410702498.6A CN201410702498A CN104322269A CN 104322269 A CN104322269 A CN 104322269A CN 201410702498 A CN201410702498 A CN 201410702498A CN 104322269 A CN104322269 A CN 104322269A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a domestication method for fresh cut flowers of wild lovely gloriosa, relating to the field of flower cultivation. According to the method, through the implementation of the steps of seedball treatment, the selection and preparation of cultivation sites, field management, the harvesting of fresh cut flowers, seedball treatment, and the like, the temperature and humidity of a seedball and a plant in each growth stage are strictly controlled, and the balanced application of a fertilizer and a regulator is realized, and thus the nutrient and water supply of the plant is ensured, and the quality of cut flowers is improved. Lovely gloriosa cultivated by using the method provided by the invention is good in growth and development, appropriate in plant height and robust in plant, high in cut-flower rate, high in quality, bright in color, bright and shining in leaf, thick and stiff in petal texture, good in plug resistance, strong in disease resistance of plants, and rich in fragrance, so that the problem that the management, harvesting, transportation and bottling of wild lovely gloriosa are not facilitated is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation field of flowers, be specifically related to a kind of wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method.
Background technology
Good blue (Gloriosa superba), have another name called good blue lily, flame lily, overgrow lily, for Liliaceae is praised, Cymbidium is perennial climbs up by holding on to type herbage flower.Originate in Yunnan Province of China south, Hainan Province and Tropical Asia and Africa.Yunnan Province of China Xishuangbanna below height above sea level 1200m has wild fragmentary distribution.Owing to being rich in colchicin in good blue stem tuber, pharmaceutically may be used for the diseases such as Therapeutic cancer, acute gout and bronchitis, be the medicinal plant of a high economic benefit in Yunnan Province.Good orchid have horizontal walk root-like stock, diameter is about 2cm, khaki, is often emerged by terminal bud.Terrestrial stem is fine and soft, overgrows, up to 3m, green, diameter less than 1cm, not branch or have minority branch.Leaf stockless, alternate, to raw or 3 pieces verticillate, avette to ovum shape lanceolar, emerald green, tip is tapered into shape of tail, and top tendril is used its thing of circumvolution and stem is upwards grown.Flower both sexes, single raw or several be born in the corymb that top composition evacuates.Large flower and brilliant color, diameter reaches 10cm-15cm, tepal 6, and from life, top is red, and bottom is yellow, strip lanceolar, upwards contrary flexure, edge ripple shape.Opening successively between 7 to November, every flower can open 10-11 days, every strain flower can open about 55 days, capsule, good blue petal starts as green turnup Cheng Long claw type, yellowing in the middle part of next day petal, lobe point is cerise, lobe week inlays Phnom Penh, and after 3 days, scape portion, middle part become golden yellow, orange red until scarlet by green, yellow respectively.
Wild good orchid type is peculiar, just as burned flame, gorgeous and graceful; Pattern change is various; Fine and soft tender stem climber is good, especially the luxurious scene of decoration is applicable to, it is graceful vertical greening material, can be widely used in the courtyard greening of indoor and outdoor and beautify, its florescence is longer simultaneously, has good diseases and insect pests resistance, it is also longer that the phase inserted by bottle, be good fresh cut-flowers flower material, industry is generally good in recent years it can be used as fresh cut-flowers, potted flower vegetable material, has higher ornamental value and the prospect of marketing.
But wild good blue orthostatic is strong, cane is sturdy tall and straight, if bad to Altitude control, its internode is longer, is unfavorable for management as fresh cut-flowers kind, gathers and transport, and it is also inconvenient when carrying out bottle and inserting, therefore, good blue commercial floriculture output is few at present, rare on market, good orchid must be solved following problem as fresh cut-flowers: orthostatic is strong, and cane is taller and more straight; Do not need too high (length), General Requirements 1.2-1.5 rice; Must ensure that its flower is large by Cultivate administration, bright-colored; Produce kind of a ball as fresh cut-flowers not degenerate; As whole year production, the flowers market demand of Various Seasonal can be met.
Summary of the invention
Being not suitable with the deficiency of commercialization fresh cut-flowers requirement for solving wild good blue self-sow characteristic, the invention provides a kind of wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions: wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
one, ball process is planted:
(1) plant ball process: the anosis nothing wound selecting results after cultivating, the macrospecies ball of weight between 50 ~ 150g, places it in ventilative chest dry through 15-20 days, and then with medicament is sprayed surperficial, is as the criterion with surface moisture; Again macrospecies ball is overturn with medicament and spray surface, be as the criterion with surface moisture; Dry through 7-10 days again, warehouse-in carries out temperature adjustment; Described reagent combination is: the 1000 times of liquid mixing of 50% tpn 600 times liquid+75% agricultural streptomycin, 2000 times of liquid+80% thiophanate methyls, matching while using.
(2) warehouse-in prepares: application perforated plastic case (60 × 40 × 25cm) is laid on inner bottom surface and side with newspaper, cements, put into matrix and place by layer with adhesive tape, macrospecies spheroblast point keeps flat upward and neatly puts, and successively buries, and places 4-5 layer, finally obturage with newspaper, prepare FCL warehouse-in; Described matrix mainly selects dry thin turfy soil, and every cubic metre is mixed into 10 kilograms of sulphur and 3 kilograms of carbendazim, mixing, stack 13 ~ 15 days for subsequent use.
(3) after macrospecies ball warehouse-in, temperature regulates: adopt variable temperature storage method, concrete grammar is: macrospecies ball starts to regulate at 14-16 DEG C into warehouse temperature, is adjusted to 10-12 DEG C, then is adjusted to 8-10 DEG C through 5 days, preserve 60 days, breaking dormancy through 5 days temperature.
(4) outbound: macrospecies ball FCL outbound, first FCL leaves between room temperature about 20 DEG C buffering or packing shop 24 hours, then macrospecies ball is taken out from matrix, clears up surperficial surface dust, prepares to be used as fresh cut-flowers and produces.
two, the selection of cultivation area and preparation:
(1) select loosing soil to be rich in organic plot, execute content 15-15-15 composite fertilizer 50 kilograms for every mu, plough deeply to beat and carefully do flat ridging; Plantation macrospecies ball, keeping flat plantation, seeding row spacing 30*30cm, earthing 8-10cm, water permeable, is 25 ~ 30 DEG C in temperature, and humidity is 70 ~ 80%, intensity of illumination 1500 ~ 2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8 ~ 12h/d, adopts and keeps seeing and dryly see wet principle management.
(2) support is set up: adopt angle steel to make 2 meters high * 1 meter wide door glyph skeleton, parallel vertical steady every 4 meters, fix with the longitudinal tension of the galvanized steel wire of 1.8mm and door word frame again, two-layer up and down, the superiors are at 2 meters of, lower floor is at overhead 50cm place, and every 30cm draws a steel wire and the parallel correspondence of kind ball that underground is planted; Again at the vertical tether of upper and lower two interlayer nylon wire, ensure that the kind ball of every root rope and underground plantation is corresponding, treat that kind of a ball germination is grown to more than 50cm and just stem Grafting clip is fixed on nylon wire, making it lodge can uprightly grow.
three, field management:
When good orchid grows to 70-80cm, use growth regulator and 10-15-20 foliage fertilizer 600 times of liquid, every 10-15 days once, continuously with 3 times, make plant height control at 1.2-1.5 rice, non-lodging, and the sturdy flower of stem is bright-coloured, flower is larger.
As preferred version of the present invention, described growth regulator is 5% uniconazole P, 800 times of liquid.
For better controlling the growing height of wild good orchid, when daily management, fixing stem according to the growth of plant in good time and cutting off the tendril be mutually wound around.
four, fresh cut-flowers results and plant ball process:
(1) the gathering of fresh cut-flowers: having when 2-3 the flowers are in blossom in the every strain of good blue fresh cut lily flowers and gather, cut at about 20cm place on the ground with scissors, leaving 3-4 sheet blade for bringing up kind of a ball; This kind of ball warp crosses a kind of ball process of above-mentioned steps, and can continue production fresh cut-flowers, the 1-2 month can gather in the crops.
(2) process of fresh cut-flowers and packaging: fresh cut-flowers be first placed on after adopting antistaling agent is housed bucket in soak, antistaling agent has about 10cm deeply, soak and can pack for 2-4 hour, plug with the fresh-keeping tube that antistaling agent is housed for every, adopt 5 one bundles, often bundle cellophane cover puts, and every 10 bundles are contained in the carton of 110*55*25, prepare to sell.
Described antistaling agent is can fresh No. 3 of profit.
the present invention has the following advantages:
Domesticating cultivation method of the present invention takes full advantage of the biological nature of wild good orchid, Appropriate application its corresponding vegetative stage have with the condition needed, so that self-sow characteristic can be changed, meet commercial fresh cut-flowers production requirement.
When the adjustment of laggard trip temperature put in storage by kind of a ball, adopt variable temperature storage method, better can improve good blue lily ball inherent quality, test proves can preserve 10 months under these conditions, and rotting rate is below 1%.
In the plantation stage, by setting up support according to strict specification requirement, arranging pull rope, wild good blue seedling can not be lodged, can uprightly grow, this is the important guarantee ensureing good blue lily vertical growth and fresh cut-flowers quality.
In the field management stage, use growth regulator and the fertilizer of particular types and dosage, control it and produce height, reach non-lodging, the bright-coloured larger object of flower, efficiently solve wild good orchid and be unfavorable for manage, gather, transport and problem that bottle is slotting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is supporting structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure, skeleton 1, galvanized steel wire 2, steel wire 3, nylon wire 4.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
Wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
One, ball process is planted:
(1) ball process is planted: the anosis nothing wound selecting results after cultivating, the macrospecies ball of weight between 50 ~ 150g, place it in ventilative chest dry through 15 days, then the medicament of whole for macrospecies ball surface with the 1000 times of liquid mixing of 50% tpn, 600 times of liquid+75% agricultural streptomycins, 2000 times of liquid+80% thiophanate methyls is sprayed, be as the criterion with surface moisture, again macrospecies ball is overturn with medicament and spray surface, be as the criterion with surface moisture; Dry through 7 days again, warehouse-in carries out temperature adjustment.
(2) warehouse-in prepares: select dry thin turfy soil, every cubic metre thin turfy soil is mixed into 10 kilograms of sulphur and 3 kilograms of carbendazim, mixing, as matrix, stack 15 days for subsequent use; Be laid on inner bottom surface and side with perforated plastic case (60 × 40 × 25cm) with newspaper, cement with adhesive tape, put into matrix and place by layer, keeping flat and neatly put, successively bury, place 4 layers, finally obturage with newspaper, prepare FCL warehouse-in.
(3) after planting ball warehouse-in, temperature regulates: plant ball and start to regulate at 16 DEG C into warehouse temperature, be adjusted to 12 DEG C, then be adjusted to 10 DEG C through 5 days, preserve 60 days, breaking dormancy through 5 days temperature.
(4) outbound: plant the outbound of ball FCL, first FCL leaves between room temperature about 20 DEG C buffering or packing shop 24 hours, then kind of a ball is taken out from matrix, clears up surperficial surface dust, prepares to be used as fresh cut-flowers production.
Two, the selection of cultivation area and preparation:
(1) select loosing soil to be rich in organic plot, execute content 15-15-15 composite fertilizer 50 kilograms for every mu, plough deeply to beat and carefully do flat ridging; Plantation macrospecies ball, keeping flat plantation, seeding row spacing 30*30cm, earthing 8-10cm, water permeable, is 25 ~ 30 DEG C in temperature, and humidity is 70 ~ 80%, intensity of illumination 1500 ~ 2000Lx, under the condition of light application time 8 ~ 12h/d, adopts and keeps seeing and dryly see wet principle management.
(2) support is set up: as shown in Figure 1, angle steel is adopted to make 2 meters high * 1 meter wide door glyph skeleton 1, parallel vertical steady every 4 meters, fix with the longitudinal tension of the galvanized steel wire 2 of 1.8mm and door word frame again, two-layer up and down, the superiors at Liang meter Chu, lower floor at overhead 50cm place, the parallel correspondence of kind ball that every 30cm draws a steel wire 3 and underground to plant; The vertical tether of nylon wire 4 is used again on the steel wire 3 of upper and lower two interlayers, ensure that the kind ball of every root nylon wire 4 and underground plantation is corresponding, treat that kind of a ball germination is grown to more than 50cm and just stem Grafting clip is fixed on nylon wire, making it lodge can uprightly grow.
Three, field management:
When good orchid grows to 70-80cm, use growth regulator and 10-15-20 foliage fertilizer 600 times of liquid, every 15 days once, continuously with 3 times, plant height is made to control at 1.2-1.5 rice, non-lodging, and the sturdy flower of stem is bright-coloured, flower is comparatively large, described growth regulator is uniconazole P 800 times of liquid of 5% content.
Four, fresh cut-flowers results and plant ball process:
(1) the gathering of fresh cut-flowers: have when 2-3 the flowers are in blossom in the every strain of good blue fresh cut lily flowers and gather, with scissors on the ground about 20cm go out to cut, leave 3-4 sheet blade for bringing up kind of a ball; This kind of ball warp crosses above-mentioned process, can continue production fresh cut-flowers, and the 1-2 month can gather in the crops.
(process of 2 fresh cut-flowers and packaging: first fresh flower is placed on the interior immersion of the bucket that antistaling agent is housed after adopting, antistaling agent has about 10cm deeply, soak and can pack for 2-4 hour, plug with the fresh-keeping tube that antistaling agent is housed for every, adopt 5 one bundles, often bundle cellophane cover puts, and every 10 bundles are contained in the carton of 110*55*25, prepare to sell; Described antistaling agent is can fresh No. 3 of profit.
embodiment 2
Wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
One, ball process is planted:
(1) ball process is planted: the anosis nothing wound selecting results after cultivating, the macrospecies ball of weight between 50 ~ 150g, place it in ventilative chest dry through 20 days, then the medicament of whole for macrospecies ball surface with the 1000 times of liquid mixing of 50% tpn, 600 times of liquid+75% agricultural streptomycins, 2000 times of liquid+80% thiophanate methyls is sprayed, be as the criterion with surface moisture; Again macrospecies ball is overturn with medicament and spray surface, be as the criterion with surface moisture; Dry through 7 days again, warehouse-in carries out temperature adjustment.
(2) warehouse-in prepares: select dry thin turfy soil, every cubic metre thin turfy soil is mixed into 10 kilograms of sulphur and 3 kilograms of carbendazim, mixing, as matrix, stack 15 days for subsequent use; Be laid on inner bottom surface and side with perforated plastic case (60 × 40 × 25cm) with newspaper, cement with adhesive tape, put into matrix and place by layer, keeping flat and neatly put, successively bury, place 5 layers, finally obturage with newspaper, prepare FCL warehouse-in.
(3) after planting ball warehouse-in, temperature regulates: plant ball and start to regulate at 14 DEG C into warehouse temperature, be adjusted to 10 DEG C, then be adjusted to 8 DEG C through 5 days, preserve 60 days, breaking dormancy through 5 days temperature.
(4) outbound: plant the outbound of ball FCL, first FCL leaves between room temperature about 20 DEG C buffering or packing shop 24 hours, then kind of a ball is taken out from matrix, clears up surperficial surface dust, prepares to be used as fresh cut-flowers production.
Two, the selection of cultivation area and preparation:
(1) select loosing soil to be rich in organic plot, execute content 15-15-15 composite fertilizer 50 kilograms for every mu, plough deeply to beat and carefully do flat ridging; Plantation macrospecies ball, keeps flat plantation, seeding row spacing 30*30cm, earthing 8-10cm, waters permeable, adopts to keep seeing and dryly see wet principle management.
(2) support is set up: as shown in Figure 1, angle steel is adopted to make 2 meters high * 1 meter wide door glyph skeleton 1, parallel vertical steady every 4 meters, fix with the longitudinal tension of the galvanized steel wire 2 of 1.8mm and door word frame again, two-layer up and down, the superiors at Liang meter Chu, lower floor at overhead 50cm place, the parallel correspondence of kind ball that every 30cm draws a steel wire 3 and underground to plant; Again at the vertical tether of upper and lower two interlayer nylon wires 4, ensure that the kind ball of every root nylon wire 4 and underground plantation is corresponding, treat that kind of a ball germination is grown to more than 50cm and just stem Grafting clip is fixed on nylon wire, making it lodge can uprightly grow.
Three, field management:
When good orchid grows to 70-80cm, use growth regulator and 10-15-20 foliage fertilizer 600 times of liquid, every 15 days once, continuously with 3 times, plant height is made to control at 1.2-1.5 rice, non-lodging, and the sturdy flower of stem is bright-coloured, flower is comparatively large, described growth regulator is uniconazole P 800 times of liquid of 5% content.
Four, fresh cut-flowers results and plant ball process:
(1) the gathering of fresh cut-flowers: have when 2-3 the flowers are in blossom in the every strain of good blue fresh cut lily flowers and gather, with scissors on the ground about 20cm go out to cut, leave 3-4 sheet blade for bringing up kind of a ball; This kind of ball warp crosses above-mentioned process, can continue production fresh cut-flowers, and the 1-2 month can gather in the crops.
(2) process of fresh cut-flowers and packaging: first fresh flower is placed on after adopting and is equipped with and can soaks in the bucket of fresh No. 3 of profit, can fresh No. 3 of profit there is about 10cm deeply, soak and can pack for 2-4 hour, can plug by the profit fresh-keeping tube of fresh No. 3 with being equipped with for every, adopt 5 one bundles, often bundle cellophane cover puts, and every 10 bundles are contained in the carton of 110*55*25, prepare to sell.
Claims (5)
1. wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
one, ball process is planted:
(1) plant ball process: the anosis nothing wound selecting results after cultivating, the macrospecies ball of weight between 50 ~ 150g, places it in ventilative chest dry through 15-20 days, and then with medicament is sprayed surperficial, is as the criterion with surface moisture; Again kind of a ball is overturn with medicament and spray surface; Be as the criterion with surface moisture; Dry through 7-10 days again, warehouse-in carries out temperature adjustment; Described reagent combination: the 1000 times of liquid mixing of 50% tpn 600 times liquid+75% agricultural streptomycin, 2000 times of liquid+80% thiophanate methyls, matching while using;
(2) warehouse-in prepares: application perforated plastic case (60 × 40 × 25cm) is laid on inner bottom surface and side with newspaper, cements, put into matrix and place by layer with adhesive tape, macrospecies spheroblast point keeps flat upward and neatly puts, and successively buries, and places 4-5 layer, finally obturage with newspaper, prepare FCL warehouse-in; Described matrix mainly selects dry thin turfy soil, and every cubic metre is mixed into 10 kilograms of sulphur and 3 kilograms of carbendazim, mixing, stack 13 ~ 15 days for subsequent use;
(3) after planting ball warehouse-in, temperature regulates: adopt variable temperature storage method, concrete grammar is: plant ball and start to regulate at 14-16 DEG C into warehouse temperature, be adjusted to 10-12 DEG C, then be adjusted to 8-10 DEG C through 5 days, preserve 60 days, breaking dormancy through 5 days temperature;
(4) outbound: plant the outbound of ball FCL, first FCL leaves between room temperature about 20 DEG C buffering or packing shop 24 hours, then kind of a ball is taken out from matrix, clears up surperficial surface dust, prepares to be used as fresh cut-flowers production;
two, the selection of cultivation area and preparation:
(1) select loosing soil to be rich in organic plot, execute content 15-15-15 composite fertilizer 50 kilograms for every mu, plough deeply to beat and carefully do flat ridging; Plantation macrospecies ball, keeps flat plantation, seeding row spacing 30*30cm, earthing 8-10cm, waters permeable, adopts to keep seeing and dryly see wet principle management;
(2) support is set up: adopt angle steel to make 2 meters high * 1 meter wide door glyph skeleton, parallel vertical steady every 4 meters, fix with the longitudinal tension of the galvanized steel wire of 1.8mm and door word frame again, two-layer up and down, the superiors are at Liang meter Chu, lower floor is at overhead 50cm place, and every 30cm draws a steel wire and the parallel correspondence of kind ball that underground is planted; Again at the vertical tether of upper and lower two interlayer nylon wire, ensure that the kind ball of every root rope and underground plantation is corresponding, treat that kind of a ball germination is grown to more than 50cm and just stem Grafting clip is fixed on nylon wire, making it lodge can uprightly grow;
three, field management:
Growth regulator and 10-15-20 foliage fertilizer 600 times of liquid are used when good orchid grows to 70-80cm, every 10-15 days once, continuous use 3 times, control the temperature of good blue production environment simultaneously, before sunrise half to 1 hour every day, accelerate air circulation 2 hours by ventilation equipment, the bulk temperature of good blue production environment is made to reduce 4-5 DEG C, make plant height control at 1.2-1.5 rice, non-lodging, and the sturdy flower of stem is bright-coloured, flower is larger;
four, fresh cut-flowers results and plant ball process:
(1) the gathering of fresh cut-flowers: have when 2-3 the flowers are in blossom in the every strain of good blue fresh cut lily flowers and gather, with scissors on the ground about 20cm go out to cut, leave 3-4 sheet blade for bringing up kind of a ball; This kind of ball warp crosses above-mentioned process, can continue production fresh cut-flowers, and the 1-2 month can gather in the crops;
(2) process of fresh cut-flowers and packaging: fresh flower be first placed on after adopting antistaling agent is housed bucket in soak, antistaling agent has about 10cm deeply, soak and can pack for 2-4 hour, plug with the fresh-keeping tube that antistaling agent is housed for every, adopt 5 one bundles, often bundle cellophane cover puts, and every 10 bundles are contained in the carton of 110*55*25, prepare to sell.
2. wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described growth regulator is 5% uniconazole P, 800 times of liquid.
3. wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, when daily management, fixes stem in good time and cut off the tendril be mutually wound around according to the growth of plant.
4. wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described antistaling agent is can fresh No. 3 of profit.
5. wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described antistaling agent is can fresh No. 3 of profit.
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| CN201410702498.6A CN104322269B (en) | 2014-11-29 | 2014-11-29 | Wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106961932A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-21 | 连云港市农业科学院 | A kind of storage practice of onion bulb |
| CN117530136A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-02-09 | 上海兰嘉蓉花卉园艺有限公司 | Method for regulating and controlling plant types of gloriosa lily based on plant growth regulator |
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