CN109618859A - A kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method - Google Patents
A kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109618859A CN109618859A CN201811484254.XA CN201811484254A CN109618859A CN 109618859 A CN109618859 A CN 109618859A CN 201811484254 A CN201811484254 A CN 201811484254A CN 109618859 A CN109618859 A CN 109618859A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of flower culture, in particular to being a kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method.A kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method, comprising the following steps: A, build cultivating stand；B, cultivation bed or cultivating bag；C, cultivation matrix；D, Lisianthus is colonized；E, cultivation management；F, it harvests.The present invention have water-saving, section fertilizer, save medicine, save it is artificial, realize green and healthy cultivation, be appropriate for large-scale production, greatly improve cut-flower Lisianthus yield and quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of flower culture, in particular to being a kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method.
Background technique
Lisianthus is Gentianaceae, and perennial plant, originates in southern US between Mexico by 30-100 centimetres of plant height
Limestone area.Leaf is to life, and oblong to lanceolar, there are few handle, phyllopodium slightly embraces stem；Leaf table blue-green, pattern is abundant, there is list
Point of color and secondary color, petal single-lobe and bivalve, mainly there is red, pink, pale purple, purple, white, yellow and various different degrees of fringings
Secondary color flower, according to kind difference, each scape can produce 10-20 flower, usually blossom 5-10 for single.Lisianthus happiness is warm,
Wet and sunny, relatively cold-resistant, intolerant to water-wet, growing thermophilic is 15-28 DEG C, is invaded vulnerable to disease.
Lisianthus has started to make commercialized cultivation sixties 21 century, first by day as a kind of novel cut-flower
This rise, the eighties are rapidly developed, and sale demand rapidly rises on Japan, Europe, the U.S. and China Taiwan and other places,
It is one of potted flower and cut-flower type all the fashion in the world.2017, China's Lisianthus cut-flower cultivated area reached
1000hm2, wherein Yunnan Province is maximum, has preliminarily formed industry size, and with the increase of the market demand, cultivated area still adds increasingly
Greatly.
Although the cultivated area of Lisianthus constantly expands, continuous cropping is avoided in Lisianthus cultivation, and vulnerable to the infringement of soil-borne disease,
More sensitive, Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower continuous cropping 1-2 is hindered to soil continuous cropping simultaneously, just because of scarce limits such as withered, root-rot, influences the production of flower
Amount and quality, lead to 50% or more second and third batch of fresh flower underproduction, cause heavy losses to flower-grower, therefore, Lisianthus fresh-cut flower soil
There is the technical problem for being not possible to solve in earth cultivation.The method that the prior art is usually taken is that crop rotation 1-2 or progress soil disappear
Lisianthus is planted after poison again.
Summary of the invention
For soil continuous cropping present in cut-flower Lisianthus cultivation technique in the prior art, the susceptible death of plant causes to subtract
Production, is unfavorable for the problem of scale continuous production at flower quality decline, and the present invention provides one kind with water-saving, section is fertile, saves
Medicine, saving is artificial, realizes green and healthy cultivation, is appropriate for large-scale production, greatly improves cut-flower Lisianthus yield and quality
Cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method, comprising the following steps:
A, cultivating stand is built
Road width 50cm is crossed in greenhouse；Cultivating stand is built in passageway two sides, cultivating stand individually long 300cm, wide 80-100cm are high
40cm, 7-8 are combined into an integrated stand, long 21-24m；Return water collecting board, wide 75-95cm, thickness are equipped under integrated stand
0.5mm rolls over high 10cm on both sides, and upper fold point is fixed on cultivating stand, and length is consistent with cultivating stand, both ends formation 5-10cm's
Height difference；Return water collecting board is equipped with discharge outlet, and discharge outlet is connect with having the liquid manure circulatory system of disinfection；Four exterior angle of cultivating stand is equipped with
The pillar of high 120cm；The wire netting of one layer of same width is laid on cultivating stand；
B, cultivation bed or cultivating bag
It is long consistent with cultivating stand to cultivate slot length, wide 40cm, height 25cm place 2；Cultivating bag length and width height 100cm ×
20cm × 15cm places 4-5 item；Cultivation bed or cultivating bag are equipped with drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone and the liquid manure cyclic system with disinfection
System connection；
C, cultivation matrix
Matrix is coconut palm health PH=5.5-6.5, EC < 0.5ms/cm；It is impregnated and is inhaled thoroughly using clean water after filtering before cultivation, and multiple water
It is washed till coco bran EC value and meets cultivation requirement；The matrix handled well is packed into cultivation bed or cultivating bag and is placed on cultivating stand,
Middle cultivating bag equidistantly leaves 7 culture holes, and bottom begins to rehearse water hole；
D, Lisianthus is colonized
Resident time is the annual 3-10 month, and Lisianthus seedling is the Plug seedling seedling with 3 pairs of 1 lobus cardiacuses of leaf, by Lisianthus seedling
Field planting is taken out into matrix from hole tray, and plant spacing is 15 × 20cm；Then root water and fertilizer are poured；The requirement of nutrient solution
It is as follows: to contain calcium nitrate 440-520g, potassium nitrate 100-140g, ammonium sulfate 100-140g, potassium sulfate 144- in every 1 ton of nutrient solution
176g, magnesium sulfate 320-400g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 144-176g, ferrous sulfate 13-15g, Na2.EDTA18-20g, boric acid 2.5-
3.5g, manganese sulfate 9-11g, zinc sulfate 4-4.5g, copper sulphate 0.12-0.14g, sodium molybdate 0.08-0.12g；Every 1 ton of methylate support
50% wettable powder 1000g of cloth saliva；
E, cultivation management
A, illumination: covering 75% shading net 2 weeks after transplanting, gradually increase illumination later and extend the time；
B, pinching: pinching of pinching when plant strain growth is to 10-15cm stays base portion 3 to leaf；
C, it draws in the net: being drawn in the net when the high 15-20cm of plant, for four keratotic plugs of net on pillar, mesh is consistent with plant spacing, the height of net
At the 2/3 of plant height, and gradually moved up with plant strain growth；
D, liquid manure: nutrient solution is completed by the liquid manure circulatory system, is applied fertilizer 1-2 times weekly；Nutritive medium contg is consistent with when being colonized；It applies
Nutrient solution is flowed out in bottom when fertile, is recovered to rich water pond after focusing on return water collecting board, is recycled；
E, sterilize: nutrient solution by adding hundred after the liquid manure circulatory system in time defecates 75% wettable powder when circulation every time, and every 1
800-1200g is added in ton nutrient solution；
F, heat: Winter Cultivation is provided with the heating plate with temperature sensor, and substrate temperature is maintained at 12- by heating system
16℃；
G, pest and disease damage: disease keypoint control wilt disease, downy mildew and gray mold, application wither-resistant agent, ten thousand mould spirits, Mancozeb carry out
Prevention；Insect pest keypoint control aphid, Liriomyza；Diseased plant is pulled out in time, extracts sick leaf and disease flower, reinforces ventilation, air is wet
Degree remains 50%~70%；
F, it harvests
After field planting 60-70 days, the cut-flower Lisianthus of substrate culture gradually buddings, and extracts first bud on spray after 1 week in time,
After 3-4 weeks most base portion use up Full-open when harvested, stay 2-3 section to cut cut-flower Lisianthus plant by plant base portion；Then
The sundries in pillar and foam cultivation plate is eliminated, next batch of flower is further cultured for, realizes anniversary circulation production.
Beneficial effect
1. the present invention makes the field planting of cut-flower Lisianthus in the substrate, gas permeability, retentiveness are good, needed for the absorbable sufficient growth of root system
Various nutrients, oxygen gas and water etc. can stimulate root and plant while grow, therefore grow rapid, healthy, sturdy.
2. the root of cut-flower Lisianthus of the present invention is the system of taproot, main root is more developed, the fibrous root under usual soil cultivation on main root
It is less, it is more using fibrous root on its main root of the cut-flower Lisianthus of substrate culture, increment is big, therefore substrate culture more readily promotes
Plant production.
3. the nutrient solution that present invention cultivation uses constantly recycles disinfection, nutrient solution completely has fungicide, is absorbed by root
To plant cauline leaf, guarantee robust plant production, be not easy introduced disease, reduce Pesticide use amount, the delicate and pretty disease-free spot of spray improves
Spray quality, price improve.
4. cut-flower Lisianthus cultivating and growing of the present invention avoids compared with soil cultivation grows a large amount of weeds in Medium Culture
The artificial investment of weeding.
5. the present invention heats cultivation matrix, temperature is maintained at 12-16 DEG C, is conducive to the growth of root system, Bu Huizao
At chilling damage.
6. present invention cultivation cultivation system circulation can carry out loop control according to cut-flower Lisianthus growth time, convenient for operation
Conducive to labour is saved, accomplish scale production.
7. the present invention meets spray growth, has according to plant strain growth spatial design planting density, pinching and seine technology
Conducive to raising yield and quality.
8. cut-flower Lisianthus of the present invention is once planted, circulation harvests 3 batches within 1 year.Every batch of every 667 ㎡ flower yield is up to 2.5 ten thousand
Branch -2.8 ten thousand, annual production be 7.5 ten thousand -8.4 ten thousand, compare a variety of 1 batches of soil cultivation year, output increased yield 60% with
On, for market average unit price in 20.0 yuan/Kg, average single fresh weight is 60.0-70.0g, Dan Zhihua valence 1.3-1.5 member, every 667 ㎡
The output value is 3.3 ten thousand yuan, 9.8 ten thousand yuan of annual output or more.The present invention can water-saving fertile 80% or more, cultivation weeding, fertilising, laxative pipe
Manage 80% or more saving of labor.Medication of the present invention is reduced, and worker's operating environment in canopy is obviously improved.
9. of the invention have water-saving, section fertilizer, province's medicine, saving artificial, realizes green and healthy cultivation, be appropriate for scale metaplasia
It produces.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method, comprising the following steps:
A, cultivating stand is built
Road width 50cm is crossed in greenhouse；Cultivating stand is built in passageway two sides, cultivating stand individually long 300cm, wide 80cm are high
40cm, 7 are combined into an integrated stand, long 21m；It is equipped with return water collecting board under integrated stand, wide 75cm, thickness 0.5mm, on both sides
High 10cm is rolled over, upper fold point is fixed on cultivating stand, length is consistent with cultivating stand, and both ends form the height difference of 5-10cm；Return water is received
Collect plate and be equipped with discharge outlet, discharge outlet is connect with having the liquid manure circulatory system of disinfection；Four exterior angle of cultivating stand is equipped with the column of high 120cm
Son；The wire netting of one layer of same width is laid on cultivating stand；
B, cultivation bed or cultivating bag
It is long consistent with cultivating stand to cultivate slot length, wide 40cm, height 25cm place 2；Cultivating bag length and width height 100cm ×
20cm × 15cm places 4；Cultivation bed or cultivating bag are equipped with drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone and the liquid manure circulatory system with disinfection
Connection；
C, cultivation matrix
Matrix is coconut palm health PH=5.5-6.5, EC < 0.5ms/cm；It is impregnated and is inhaled thoroughly using clean water after filtering before cultivation, and multiple water
It is washed till coco bran EC value and meets cultivation requirement；The matrix handled well is packed into cultivation bed or cultivating bag and is placed on cultivating stand,
Middle cultivating bag equidistantly leaves 7 culture holes, and bottom begins to rehearse water hole；
D, Lisianthus is colonized
Resident time is the annual 3-10 month, and Lisianthus seedling is the Plug seedling seedling with 3 pairs of 1 lobus cardiacuses of leaf, by Lisianthus seedling
Field planting is taken out into matrix from hole tray, and plant spacing is 15 × 20cm；Then root water and fertilizer are poured；The requirement of nutrient solution
It is as follows: contain calcium nitrate 440g, potassium nitrate 100g in every 1 ton of nutrient solution, ammonium sulfate 100g, potassium sulfate 144g, magnesium sulfate 320g,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 144g, ferrous sulfate 13g, Na2.EDTA18g, boric acid 2.5g, manganese sulfate 9g, zinc sulfate 4g, copper sulphate
0.12g, sodium molybdate 0.08g；Every 1 ton of methylate thiophanate, 50% wettable powder 1000g；
E, cultivation management
A, illumination: covering 75% shading net 2 weeks after transplanting, gradually increase illumination later and extend the time；
B, pinching: pinching of pinching when plant strain growth is to 10-15cm stays base portion 3 to leaf；
C, it draws in the net: being drawn in the net when the high 15-20cm of plant, for four keratotic plugs of net on pillar, mesh is consistent with plant spacing, the height of net
At the 2/3 of plant height, and gradually moved up with plant strain growth；
D, liquid manure: nutrient solution is completed by the liquid manure circulatory system, is applied fertilizer 1-2 times weekly；Nutritive medium contg is consistent with when being colonized；It applies
Nutrient solution is flowed out in bottom when fertile, is recovered to rich water pond after focusing on return water collecting board, is recycled；
E, sterilize: nutrient solution by adding hundred after the liquid manure circulatory system in time defecates 75% wettable powder when circulation every time, and every 1
800g is added in ton nutrient solution；
F, heat: Winter Cultivation is provided with the heating plate with temperature sensor, and substrate temperature is maintained at 12- by heating system
16℃；
G, pest and disease damage: disease keypoint control wilt disease, downy mildew and gray mold, application wither-resistant agent, ten thousand mould spirits, Mancozeb carry out
Prevention；Insect pest keypoint control aphid, Liriomyza；Diseased plant is pulled out in time, extracts sick leaf and disease flower, reinforces ventilation, air is wet
Degree remains 50%~70%；
F, it harvests
After field planting 60-70 days, the cut-flower Lisianthus of substrate culture gradually buddings, and extracts first bud on spray after 1 week in time,
After 3-4 weeks most base portion use up Full-open when harvested, stay 2-3 section to cut cut-flower Lisianthus plant by plant base portion；Then
The sundries in pillar and foam cultivation plate is eliminated, next batch of flower is further cultured for, realizes anniversary circulation production.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method, comprising the following steps:
A, cultivating stand is built
Road width 50cm is crossed in greenhouse；Cultivating stand is built in passageway two sides, cultivating stand individually long 300cm, wide 90cm are high
40cm, 8 are combined into an integrated stand, long 24m；It is equipped with return water collecting board under integrated stand, wide 85cm, thickness 0.5mm, on both sides
High 10cm is rolled over, upper fold point is fixed on cultivating stand, length is consistent with cultivating stand, and both ends form the height difference of 5-10cm；Return water is received
Collect plate and be equipped with discharge outlet, discharge outlet is connect with having the liquid manure circulatory system of disinfection；Four exterior angle of cultivating stand is equipped with the column of high 120cm
Son；The wire netting of one layer of same width is laid on cultivating stand；
B, cultivation bed or cultivating bag
It is long consistent with cultivating stand to cultivate slot length, wide 40cm, height 25cm place 2；Cultivating bag length and width height 100cm ×
20cm × 15cm places 5；Cultivation bed or cultivating bag are equipped with drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone and the liquid manure circulatory system with disinfection
Connection；
C, cultivation matrix
Matrix is coconut palm health PH=5.5-6.5, EC < 0.5ms/cm；It is impregnated and is inhaled thoroughly using clean water after filtering before cultivation, and multiple water
It is washed till coco bran EC value and meets cultivation requirement；The matrix handled well is packed into cultivation bed or cultivating bag and is placed on cultivating stand,
Middle cultivating bag equidistantly leaves 7 culture holes, and bottom begins to rehearse water hole；
D, Lisianthus is colonized
Resident time is the annual 3-10 month, and Lisianthus seedling is the Plug seedling seedling with 3 pairs of 1 lobus cardiacuses of leaf, by Lisianthus seedling
Field planting is taken out into matrix from hole tray, and plant spacing is 15 × 20cm；Then root water and fertilizer are poured；The requirement of nutrient solution
It is as follows: contain calcium nitrate 480g, potassium nitrate 120g in every 1 ton of nutrient solution, ammonium sulfate 120g, potassium sulfate 160g, magnesium sulfate 360g,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 160g, ferrous sulfate 14g, Na2.EDTA19g, boric acid 3.0g, manganese sulfate 10g, zinc sulfate 4.3g, copper sulphate
0.13g, sodium molybdate 0.10g；Every 1 ton of methylate thiophanate, 50% wettable powder 1000g；
E, cultivation management
A, illumination: covering 75% shading net 2 weeks after transplanting, gradually increase illumination later and extend the time；
B, pinching: pinching of pinching when plant strain growth is to 10-15cm stays base portion 3 to leaf；
C, it draws in the net: being drawn in the net when the high 15-20cm of plant, for four keratotic plugs of net on pillar, mesh is consistent with plant spacing, the height of net
At the 2/3 of plant height, and gradually moved up with plant strain growth；
D, liquid manure: nutrient solution is completed by the liquid manure circulatory system, is applied fertilizer 1-2 times weekly；Nutritive medium contg is consistent with when being colonized；It applies
Nutrient solution is flowed out in bottom when fertile, is recovered to rich water pond after focusing on return water collecting board, is recycled；
E, sterilize: nutrient solution by adding hundred after the liquid manure circulatory system in time defecates 75% wettable powder when circulation every time, and every 1
1000g is added in ton nutrient solution；
F, heat: Winter Cultivation is provided with the heating plate with temperature sensor, and substrate temperature is maintained at 12- by heating system
16℃；
G, pest and disease damage: disease keypoint control wilt disease, downy mildew and gray mold, application wither-resistant agent, ten thousand mould spirits, Mancozeb carry out
Prevention；Insect pest keypoint control aphid, Liriomyza；Diseased plant is pulled out in time, extracts sick leaf and disease flower, reinforces ventilation, air is wet
Degree remains 50%~70%；
F, it harvests
After field planting 60-70 days, the cut-flower Lisianthus of substrate culture gradually buddings, and extracts first bud on spray after 1 week in time,
After 3-4 weeks most base portion use up Full-open when harvested, stay 2-3 section to cut cut-flower Lisianthus plant by plant base portion；Then
The sundries in pillar and foam cultivation plate is eliminated, next batch of flower is further cultured for, realizes anniversary circulation production.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method, comprising the following steps:
A, cultivating stand is built
Road width 50cm is crossed in greenhouse；Cultivating stand is built in passageway two sides, cultivating stand individually long 300cm, wide 100cm are high
40cm, 8 are combined into an integrated stand, long 24m；It is equipped with return water collecting board under integrated stand, wide 95cm, thickness 0.5mm, on both sides
High 10cm is rolled over, upper fold point is fixed on cultivating stand, length is consistent with cultivating stand, and both ends form the height difference of 5-10cm；Return water is received
Collect plate and be equipped with discharge outlet, discharge outlet is connect with having the liquid manure circulatory system of disinfection；Four exterior angle of cultivating stand is equipped with the column of high 120cm
Son；The wire netting of one layer of same width is laid on cultivating stand；
B, cultivation bed or cultivating bag
It is long consistent with cultivating stand to cultivate slot length, wide 40cm, height 25cm place 2；Cultivating bag length and width height 100cm ×
20cm × 15cm places 5；Cultivation bed or cultivating bag are equipped with drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone and the liquid manure circulatory system with disinfection
Connection；
C, cultivation matrix
Matrix is coconut palm health PH=5.5-6.5, EC < 0.5ms/cm；It is impregnated and is inhaled thoroughly using clean water after filtering before cultivation, and multiple water
It is washed till coco bran EC value and meets cultivation requirement；The matrix handled well is packed into cultivation bed or cultivating bag and is placed on cultivating stand,
Middle cultivating bag equidistantly leaves 7 culture holes, and bottom begins to rehearse water hole；
D, Lisianthus is colonized
Resident time is the annual 3-10 month, and Lisianthus seedling is the Plug seedling seedling with 3 pairs of 1 lobus cardiacuses of leaf, by Lisianthus seedling
Field planting is taken out into matrix from hole tray, and plant spacing is 15 × 20cm；Then root water and fertilizer are poured；The requirement of nutrient solution
It is as follows: contain calcium nitrate 520g, potassium nitrate 140g in every 1 ton of nutrient solution, ammonium sulfate 140g, potassium sulfate 176g, magnesium sulfate 400g,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 176g, ferrous sulfate 15g, Na2.EDTA20g, boric acid 3.5g, manganese sulfate 11g, zinc sulfate 4.5g, copper sulphate
0.14g, sodium molybdate 0.12g；Every 1 ton of methylate thiophanate, 50% wettable powder 1000g；
E, cultivation management
A, illumination: covering 75% shading net 2 weeks after transplanting, gradually increase illumination later and extend the time；
B, pinching: pinching of pinching when plant strain growth is to 10-15cm stays base portion 3 to leaf；
C, it draws in the net: being drawn in the net when the high 15-20cm of plant, for four keratotic plugs of net on pillar, mesh is consistent with plant spacing, the height of net
At the 2/3 of plant height, and gradually moved up with plant strain growth；
D, liquid manure: nutrient solution is completed by the liquid manure circulatory system, is applied fertilizer 1-2 times weekly；Nutritive medium contg is consistent with when being colonized；It applies
Nutrient solution is flowed out in bottom when fertile, is recovered to rich water pond after focusing on return water collecting board, is recycled；
E, sterilize: nutrient solution by adding hundred after the liquid manure circulatory system in time defecates 75% wettable powder when circulation every time, and every 1
1200g is added in ton nutrient solution；
F, heat: Winter Cultivation is provided with the heating plate with temperature sensor, and substrate temperature is maintained at 12- by heating system
16℃；
G, pest and disease damage: disease keypoint control wilt disease, downy mildew and gray mold, application wither-resistant agent, ten thousand mould spirits, Mancozeb carry out
Prevention；Insect pest keypoint control aphid, Liriomyza；Diseased plant is pulled out in time, extracts sick leaf and disease flower, reinforces ventilation, air is wet
Degree remains 50%~70%；
F, it harvests
After field planting 60-70 days, the cut-flower Lisianthus of substrate culture gradually buddings, and extracts first bud on spray after 1 week in time,
After 3-4 weeks most base portion use up Full-open when harvested, stay 2-3 section to cut cut-flower Lisianthus plant by plant base portion；Then
The sundries in pillar and foam cultivation plate is eliminated, next batch of flower is further cultured for, realizes anniversary circulation production.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method, which comprises the following steps:
A, cultivating stand is built
Road width 50cm is crossed in greenhouse；Cultivating stand is built in passageway two sides, cultivating stand individually long 300cm, wide 80-100cm are high
40cm, 7-8 are combined into an integrated stand, long 21-24m；Return water collecting board, wide 75-95cm, thickness are equipped under integrated stand
0.5mm rolls over high 10cm on both sides, and upper fold point is fixed on cultivating stand, and length is consistent with cultivating stand, both ends formation 5-10cm's
Height difference；Return water collecting board low side is equipped with discharge outlet, and discharge outlet is connect with having the liquid manure circulatory system of disinfection；Four exterior angle of cultivating stand
Pillar equipped with high 120cm；The wire netting of one layer of same width is laid on cultivating stand；
B, cultivation bed or cultivating bag
It is long consistent with cultivating stand to cultivate slot length, wide 40cm, height 25cm place 2；Cultivating bag length and width height 100cm ×
20cm × 15cm places 4-5 item；Cultivation bed or cultivating bag are equipped with drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone and the liquid manure cyclic system with disinfection
System connection；
C, cultivation matrix
Matrix is coconut palm health PH=5.5-6.5, EC < 0.5ms/cm；It is impregnated and is inhaled thoroughly using clean water after filtering before cultivation, and multiple water
It is washed till coco bran EC value and meets cultivation requirement；The matrix handled well is packed into cultivation bed or cultivating bag and is placed on cultivating stand,
Middle cultivating bag equidistantly leaves 7 culture holes, and bottom begins to rehearse water hole；
D, Lisianthus is colonized
Resident time is the annual 3-10 month, and Lisianthus seedling is the Plug seedling seedling with 3 pairs of 1 lobus cardiacuses of leaf, by Lisianthus seedling
Field planting is taken out into matrix from hole tray, and plant spacing is 15 × 20cm；Then root water and fertilizer are poured；The requirement of nutrient solution
It is as follows: to contain calcium nitrate 440-520g, potassium nitrate 100-140g, ammonium sulfate 100-140g, potassium sulfate 144- in every 1 ton of nutrient solution
176g, magnesium sulfate 320-400g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 144-176g, ferrous sulfate 13-15g, Na2.EDTA18-20g, boric acid 2.5-
3.5g, manganese sulfate 9-11g, zinc sulfate 4-4.5g, copper sulphate 0.12-0.14g, sodium molybdate 0.08-0.12g；Every 1 ton of methylate support
50% wettable powder 1000g of cloth saliva；
E, cultivation management
A, illumination: covering 75% shading net 2 weeks after transplanting, gradually increase illumination later and extend the time；
B, pinching: pinching of pinching when plant strain growth is to 10-15cm stays base portion 3 to leaf；
C, it draws in the net: being drawn in the net when the high 15-20cm of plant, for four keratotic plugs of net on pillar, mesh is consistent with plant spacing, the height of net
At the 2/3 of plant height, and gradually moved up with plant strain growth；
D, liquid manure: nutrient solution is completed by the liquid manure circulatory system, is applied fertilizer 1-2 times weekly；Nutritive medium contg is consistent with when being colonized；It applies
Nutrient solution is flowed out in bottom when fertile, is recovered to rich water pond after focusing on return water collecting board, is recycled；
E, sterilize: nutrient solution adds hundred by the liquid manure circulatory system in time and defecates 75% wettable powder when circulation every time, and every 1 ton
800-1200g is added in nutrient solution；
F, heat: Winter Cultivation is provided with the heating plate with temperature sensor, and substrate temperature is maintained at 12- by heating system
16℃；
G, pest and disease damage: disease keypoint control wilt disease, downy mildew and gray mold, application wither-resistant agent, ten thousand mould spirits, Mancozeb carry out
Prevention；Insect pest keypoint control aphid, Liriomyza；Diseased plant is pulled out in time, extracts sick leaf and disease flower, reinforces ventilation, air is wet
Degree remains 50%~70%；
F, it harvests
After field planting 60-70 days, the cut-flower Lisianthus of substrate culture gradually buddings, and extracts first bud on spray after 1 week in time,
After 3-4 weeks most base portion use up Full-open when harvested, stay 2-3 section to cut cut-flower Lisianthus plant by plant base portion；Then
The sundries in pillar and foam cultivation plate is eliminated, next batch of flower is further cultured for, realizes anniversary circulation production.
2. a kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
A, cultivating stand is built
Road width 50cm is crossed in greenhouse；Cultivating stand is built in passageway two sides, cultivating stand individually long 300cm, wide 90cm are high
40cm, 7-8 are combined into an integrated stand, long 23m；Return water collecting board, wide 85cm, thickness 0.5mm, both sides are equipped under integrated stand
The upper high 10cm of folding, upper fold point is fixed on cultivating stand, and length is consistent with cultivating stand, and both ends form the height difference of 5-10cm；Return water
Collecting board low side is equipped with discharge outlet, and discharge outlet is connect with having the liquid manure circulatory system of disinfection；Four exterior angle of cultivating stand is equipped with height
The pillar of 120cm；The wire netting of one layer of same width is laid on cultivating stand；
B, cultivation bed or cultivating bag
It is long consistent with cultivating stand to cultivate slot length, wide 40cm, height 25cm place 2；Cultivating bag length and width height 100cm ×
20cm × 15cm places 4-5 item；Cultivation bed or cultivating bag are equipped with drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone and the liquid manure cyclic system with disinfection
System connection；
C, cultivation matrix
Matrix is coconut palm health PH=5.5-6.5, EC < 0.5ms/cm；It is impregnated and is inhaled thoroughly using clean water after filtering before cultivation, and multiple water
It is washed till coco bran EC value and meets cultivation requirement；The matrix handled well is packed into cultivation bed or cultivating bag and is placed on cultivating stand,
Middle cultivating bag equidistantly leaves 7 culture holes, and bottom begins to rehearse water hole；
D, Lisianthus is colonized
Resident time is the annual 3-10 month, and Lisianthus seedling is the Plug seedling seedling with 3 pairs of 1 lobus cardiacuses of leaf, by Lisianthus seedling
Field planting is taken out into matrix from hole tray, and plant spacing is 15 × 20cm；Then root water and fertilizer are poured；The requirement of nutrient solution
It is as follows: contain calcium nitrate 480g, potassium nitrate 120g in every 1 ton of nutrient solution, ammonium sulfate 120g, potassium sulfate 160g, magnesium sulfate 360g,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 160g, ferrous sulfate 14g, Na2.EDTA19g, boric acid 3.0g, manganese sulfate 10g, zinc sulfate 4.3g, copper sulphate
0.13g, sodium molybdate 0.10g；Every 1 ton of methylate thiophanate, 50% wettable powder 1000g；
E, cultivation management
A, illumination: covering 75% shading net 2 weeks after transplanting, gradually increase illumination later and extend the time；
B, pinching: pinching of pinching when plant strain growth is to 10-15cm stays base portion 3 to leaf；
C, it draws in the net: being drawn in the net when the high 15-20cm of plant, for four keratotic plugs of net on pillar, mesh is consistent with plant spacing, the height of net
At the 2/3 of plant height, and gradually moved up with plant strain growth；
D, liquid manure: nutrient solution is completed by the liquid manure circulatory system, is applied fertilizer 1-2 times weekly；Nutritive medium contg is consistent with when being colonized；It applies
Nutrient solution is flowed out in bottom when fertile, is recovered to rich water pond after focusing on return water collecting board, is recycled；
E, sterilize: nutrient solution adds hundred by the liquid manure circulatory system in time and defecates 75% wettable powder when circulation every time, and every 1 ton
1000g is added in nutrient solution；
F, heat: Winter Cultivation is provided with the heating plate with temperature sensor, and substrate temperature is maintained at 12- by heating system
16℃；
G, pest and disease damage: disease keypoint control wilt disease, downy mildew and gray mold, application wither-resistant agent, ten thousand mould spirits, Mancozeb carry out
Prevention；Insect pest keypoint control aphid, Liriomyza；Diseased plant is pulled out in time, extracts sick leaf and disease flower, reinforces ventilation, air is wet
Degree remains 50%~70%；
F, it harvests
After field planting 60-70 days, the cut-flower Lisianthus of substrate culture gradually buddings, and extracts first bud on spray after 1 week in time,
After 3-4 weeks most base portion use up Full-open when harvested, stay 2-3 section to cut cut-flower Lisianthus plant by plant base portion；Then
The sundries in pillar and foam cultivation plate is eliminated, next batch of flower is further cultured for, realizes anniversary circulation production.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113292370A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-08-24 | 昆明立深新园生物科技有限公司 | Fertilizer suitable for growth in each stage in production process of eustoma grandiflorum seedlings and preparation method thereof |
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