CN105075624B - A kind of oil tea Water culture propagation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydroponic cutting propagation method of Camellia oleifera, which comprises the preparation of the cutting site, the preparation of the cutting container, the cutting treatment, cutting and post-cutting management procedures, and collects the middle-aged and half-year-old trees with thick and straight periphery, full axillary buds and complete leaves. The lignified or lignified autumn shoots of Camellia oleifera are trimmed into cuttings, inserted into the cuttings fixing plate, placed in the prepared cutting container filled with nutrient solution, and maintained through management after cuttings until rooting. The present invention prepares excellent nutrient solution, adjusts the pH value beneficial to Camellia oleifera rooting, improves the rooting rate of cuttings through the influence of nutrient elements, plant growth regulators, etc. on the rooting of Camellia oleifera cuttings; The ventilation and other conditions are completely controllable, the nutrient absorption capacity is strong, the root system is developed, the cutting rooting rate is high and stable, and it has good economic, social and ecological benefits.

Description

A kind of hydroponic cutting propagation method of camellia oleifera

technical field

The invention relates to a propagation method of camellia oleifera, in particular to a hydroponic cutting propagation method of camellia oleifera.

Background technique

Camellia spp. is the most productive oil species in the Theaceae family Camellia spp. Camellia oleifera in a broad sense refers to the tree species with high oil content in the seeds of Camellia plants and a certain cultivation area. Camellia oleifera is originally produced and mainly planted in China. Together with olive, oil palm and coconut, it is known as the world's four major woody oil plants. The current area of camellia oleifera forests in China is about 4 million hm ² , accounting for 80% of the cultivated area of woody edible oil species in China. above. The main product of camellia oleifera is camellia oil, which is a healthy edible oil promoted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Its unsaturated fatty acid content is as high as 90%, and it is known as "Oriental olive oil". In recent years, due to the country's vigorous promotion of Camellia oleifera planting, the demand for seedling resources is particularly in short supply.

There are mainly three methods of vegetative propagation of camellia oleifera: bud seedling grafting method, seedling grafting method and cutting method. Among them, cutting propagation can use the shady branches and thin branches that cannot be used in grafting propagation to improve the utilization rate of the spikes, and is not affected by it. The rootstock is limited and can be cut at any time. It is a method of simple operation, less investment and quick results in asexual reproduction. Traditional Camellia oleifera cuttings are often carried out in shade sheds, and are covered with film to keep moisture. The substrate is often yellow loam, and the cutting conditions and environment are not easy to control, resulting in unstable survival rates. "Camellia oleifera Hydroponic Cutting Experiment", Wang Guomin, "Forestry Science and Technology Development", Volume 18, No. 6, 2004, pages 60-61, disclosed the hydroponic cutting of Camellia oleifera, but the cutting site is still selected in the shade shed , and choose clear water for hydroponics, the survival rate is low.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydroponic cutting propagation method of camellia oleifera with short cultivation period, high survival rate and stable cultivation conditions.

In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A method for hydroponic cutting propagation of camellia oleifera, including preparation of cutting site, preparation of cutting container, cutting ear treatment, cutting and post-cutting management procedures, collecting semi-lignified or lignified trees with thick and straight periphery, full axillary buds and complete leaves After trimming the autumn shoots of camellia oleifera into cuttings, insert them into the cutting fixing plate, place them in the prepared cutting container with nutrient solution, and manage them after cutting until they take root; the specific operation steps are as follows:

(1) Preparation of the cutting site: choose a solar greenhouse as the cutting site, use angle steel to build a 3-5 layer cultivation frame, and set up a carrier board;

(2) Preparation of the cutting container: choose an opaque rectangular plastic tank as the cutting container, pour the nutrient solution into the cutting container, the depth of the nutrient solution is 4-6cm; Use a puncher to punch a small hole with a diameter of 0.3 cm as a cuttings fixing plate;

(3) Cutting treatment: Collect semi-lignified or lignified camellia oleifera autumn shoots that are thick and straight around the canopy, with full axillary buds and complete leaves, and trim them into 6-8cm double-leaf and double-bud branches as cuttings;

(4) Cutting: Insert the treated cuttings into the small holes of the cuttings fixing plate, then place them in the cutting container and put them on the cultivation rack;

(5) Post-cutting management: The room temperature of the cutting site is controlled at 20-30°C, and the indoor humidity is controlled at 90-100%; an oxygen pump is used to regularly ventilate the nutrient solution in the cutting container until it takes root.

The raw material content of the nutrient solution mentioned above is: 2g of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 940-1200mg of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO ₃ ) ₂ •4H ₂ O) and 940-1200mg of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) 600~650mg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) 100~130mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO ₄ •7H ₂ O) 480~500mg and ethylenediaminetetraacetate iron sodium salt (EDTA-FeNa ) 18-25 mg, add citric acid solution and sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the nutrient solution to 4.5-6.5.

The area of the above-mentioned solar greenhouse is 3-8 m ² ; the width of the cultivation frame is 60-80 cm, the length depends on the indoor conditions, the interlayer distance is 60-70 cm, and glass is used as a carrier plate.

The cutting container described above is 20-30 cm wide, 50-60 cm long, and 6-8 cm deep; the black soft plastic plugs have a density of 400 holes/m ² and a hole depth of 1 cm.

The room temperature described in the above step (5) is controlled by opening and closing the vents of the cutting site, and covering the cutting site with a shade net; the indoor humidity is controlled by a humidifier.

The frequency of regular aeration in the nutrient solution in the cutting container described in the above step (5) is to aerate for 1 hour every 1 hour.

Compared with prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects that the present invention has are as follows:

1. The present invention prepares excellent nutrient solution, adjusts the PH value beneficial to Camellia oleifera rooting, improves the rooting rate of cuttings through the influence of nutrient elements, plant growth regulators, etc. At the same time, during the cutting propagation process, the temperature, humidity, ventilation and other conditions are completely controllable, the nutrient absorption capacity is strong, the root system is developed, the cutting rooting rate is high and stable, and it has good economic, social and ecological benefits.

2. The culture frame of the present invention is made of glass as a carrier plate, which is convenient for observing the rooting process, and can provide convenience for the research on the rooting mechanism of camellia oleifera.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples.

Example 1:

A solar greenhouse with an area of 3 m ² was selected as the cutting site, and three layers of cultivation frames were built with angle steel, the layer spacing was 60 cm, the width of the cultivation frame was 60 cm, the length was determined according to the indoor conditions, and a glass carrier was installed. Opaque rectangular plastic tanks were selected as cutting containers, and the cutting containers were 20 cm wide, 50 cm long, and 6 cm deep. Prepare the nutrient solution. The raw material content of the nutrient solution is: 2 g of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 940 mg of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO ₃ ) ₂ •4H ₂ O) and 940 mg of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) 600 mg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) 100 mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO ₄ •7H ₂ O) 480 mg, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium iron salt (EDTA-FeNa) 18 mg , add citric acid solution and sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the nutrient solution to 4.5. Pour the nutrient solution into the cutting container, the depth of the nutrient solution is 4-6cm. Use a black soft plastic tray to cut into the size of a cutting container. The black soft plastic tray has a density of 400 holes/m ² and a hole depth of 1 cm. Use a puncher to punch a small hole with a diameter of 0.3 cm at the hole as a fixing plate for cuttings. On October 20, 2013, semi-lignified or lignified autumn shoots of Camellia oleifera in the same year with thick and straight crowns, full axillary buds, and complete leaves were collected in the excellent ear picking nursery of Guangxi Academy of Forestry, and trimmed to 6-8cm Branches with double leaves and double buds are used as cuttings. Insert the treated cuttings into the small holes of the cuttings fixing plate, then place them in the cutting container and put them on the cultivation frame. Cover the cutting site with a shading net, open and close the vents of the cutting site to control the room temperature at 20-25°C, and use a humidifier to control the indoor humidity at 90-100%; use an oxygen pump to ventilate for 1 hour every 1 hour to the cutting container regularly After 10 days of cutting, you can obviously feel the swelling of the bottom of the cuttings. After 15 days, you can observe a small amount of callus formation on the cuttings. After 25 days of cutting, 75.9% of the cuttings formed callus at the base, and after 50 days of cutting, 63.8% of the cuttings formed callus. Rooting has taken place, and the rooting rate of cuttings has reached 95.1% within 100 days.

Example 2:

A solar greenhouse with an area of 5 m ² was selected as the cutting site. Angle steel was used to build a 4-layer culture frame with a layer spacing of 65 cm. The width of the culture frame was 70 cm. The length was determined according to the indoor conditions, and a glass carrier was installed. Opaque rectangular plastic tanks were selected as the cutting container, and the cutting container was 25 cm wide, 55 cm long, and 7 cm deep. Prepare nutrient solution. The raw material content of nutrient solution is: 2 g of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) per liter of solution, 1000 mg of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO ₃ ) ₂ •4H ₂ O), 1000 mg of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) 620 mg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) 110 mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO ₄ •7H ₂ O) 480 mg and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium iron salt (EDTA-FeNa) 20 mg, Add citric acid solution and sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the nutrient solution to 5.5. Pour the nutrient solution into the cutting container, and the depth of the nutrient solution is 5 cm. Use a black soft plastic tray to cut into the size of a cutting container. The black soft plastic tray has a density of 400 holes/m ² and a hole depth of 1 cm. Use a puncher to punch a small hole with a diameter of 0.3 cm at the hole as a fixing plate for cuttings. On October 29, 2014, semi-lignified autumn shoots of Camellia oleifera, which were thick and straight around the canopy, full of axillary buds, and complete in leaves, were collected in the excellent ear picking nursery of Camellia oleifera of Guangxi Academy of Forestry, and trimmed into 6-8 cm double Branches with double buds are used as cuttings. Insert the treated cuttings into the small holes of the cuttings fixing plate, then place them in the cutting container and put them on the cultivation frame. Cover the cutting site with a shading net, open and close the vents of the cutting site to control the room temperature at 20-25°C, and use a humidifier to control the indoor humidity at 90-100%; use an oxygen pump to ventilate for 1 hour every 1 hour to the cutting container regularly After 10 days of cutting, you can obviously feel the swelling of the bottom of the cuttings. After 15 days, you can observe a small amount of callus formation on the cuttings. After 25 days of cutting, 75.5% of the cuttings formed callus at the base of the cuttings. After 50 days of cutting, 64.2% of the cuttings formed calluses. The rooting rate of cuttings has reached 95.8% within 100 days.

Example 3:

A solar greenhouse with an area of 8 m ² was selected as the cutting site, and 5 layers of cultivation frames were built with angle steel, the layer spacing was 60 cm, the width of the cultivation frame was 80 cm, the length was determined according to the indoor conditions, and a glass carrier was installed. Opaque rectangular plastic tanks were selected as cutting containers, which were 30 cm wide, 60 cm long, and 8 cm deep. Prepare nutrient solution. The raw material content of nutrient solution is: 2 g of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) per liter of solution, 1200 mg of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO ₃ ) ₂ •4H ₂ O), 1200 mg of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) 650mg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) 130 mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO ₄ •7H ₂ O) 500 mg and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium iron salt (EDTA-FeNa) 25 mg, Add citric acid solution and sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the nutrient solution to 6.5. Pour the nutrient solution into the cutting container, the depth of the nutrient solution is 4-6cm. Use a black soft plastic tray to cut into the size of a cutting container. The black soft plastic tray has a density of 400 holes/m ² and a hole depth of 1 cm. Use a puncher to punch a small hole with a diameter of 0.3 cm at the hole as a fixing plate for cuttings. On November 10, 2014, the autumn shoots of Camellia oleifera, which were thick and straight around the canopy, full of axillary buds, and complete in leaves, were collected in the excellent ear picking nursery of Camellia oleifera of Guangxi Academy of Forestry, and pruned into 6-8cm double leaves and double buds. The branches are used as cuttings. Insert the treated cuttings into the small holes of the cuttings fixing plate, then place them in the cutting container and put them on the cultivation frame. Cover the cutting site with a shade net, open and close the vents of the cutting site to control the room temperature at 25-30°C, and use a humidifier to control the indoor humidity at 90-100%; use an oxygen pump to ventilate for 1 hour every 1 hour to the cutting container regularly After 10 days of cutting, you can obviously feel the swelling of the bottom of the cuttings. After 15 days, you can observe the formation of calluses on a small amount of cuttings. After 25 days of cutting, 73.8% of the cuttings formed callus at the base of the cuttings. After 50 days of cutting, 63.1% of the cuttings formed calluses. Rooting has taken place, and the rooting rate of cuttings has reached 95.0% within 100 days.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of oil tea Water culture propagation method, it is characterised in that：The preparation of preparation, cuttage vessel including cuttage place, Process is managed after cuttings processing, cuttage and cuttage, the sturdy logical straight, axillary bud in collection tree crown periphery is full, and blade is complete to give birth to then Semi-lignified or the oil tea autumn growth of lignifying are trimmed to insertion cuttings fixed plate after cuttings, are placed on ready equipped with nutrient solution Cuttage vessel in, conserved by managing progress after cuttage until take root；Concrete operation step is as follows：

（1）The preparation in cuttage place：Select heliogreenhouse as cuttage place, 3~5 layers of culturing rack are built with angle steel, and be provided with Support plate；

The size of described heliogreenhouse is 3~8 m²；Wide 60~80 cm of described culturing rack, length is according to indoor conditions Fixed, the cm of interlamellar spacing 60~70 is used as support plate with glass；

（2）The preparation of cuttage vessel：From opaque rectangular plastic hopper as cuttage vessel, nutrition is poured into cuttage vessel Liquid, Depth Nutrient Solution is 4~6cm；And cuttage vessel size is cut into black flexible plastic hole tray, and beaten at cavities with card punch A diameter of 0.3 cm aperture, is used as cuttings fixed plate；

Its material content of described nutrient solution is：Contain indole -3-butyric acid in every liter of solution（IBA）2g, calcium nitrate（Ca(NO₃)₂4H₂O）940~1200mg, potassium nitrate (KNO₃) 600~650mg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate（NH₄H₂PO₄）100~130mg, seven water sulphur Sour magnesium（MgSO₄7H₂O）480~500mg and iron edta sodium salt（EDTA-FeNa）18~25mg, adds citric acid molten Liquid and sodium hydroxide solution adjust liquid PH value to 4.5~6.5；

（3）Cuttings processing：The sturdy logical straight, axillary bud in collection tree crown periphery is full, the complete semi-lignified or wooden raw then of blade The oil tea autumn growth of change, is trimmed to the 6~8cm branch of the double buds of double leaf as cuttings；

（4）Cuttage：In the aperture that the cuttings handled well is inserted to cuttings fixed plate, it is then placed within cuttage vessel, is placed in On culturing rack；

（5）Managed after cuttage：The room temperature control in cuttage place is 20~30 DEG C, and indoor humidity control is 90~100%；Use oxygen Pump timing is ventilated in the nutrient solution into cuttage vessel, until taking root.

2. a kind of oil tea Water culture propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described cuttage vessel is wide 20~30 cm, long 50~60 cm, deep 6~8 cm；The density of the black flexible plastic hole tray is 400 caves/m², deep 1 cm in cave.

3. a kind of oil tea Water culture propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（5）Described room temperature By being opened and closed the ventilating opening in cuttage place, capping shade net is controlled on cuttage place；Described indoor humidity is by adding Wet device control.

4. a kind of oil tea Water culture propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（5）Described timing The frequency ventilated in nutrient solution into cuttage vessel is every 1h ventilations 1h.