CN103636373B

CN103636373B - One utilizes fresh and alive bog moss to carry out vegetative method to genus vaccinium plant

Info

Publication number: CN103636373B
Application number: CN201310536612.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈英敏; 郑云普; 王贺新; 乌凤章
Original assignee: Dalian University
Current assignee: Dalian University
Priority date: 2013-11-04
Filing date: 2013-11-04
Publication date: 2016-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2033-11-04
Also published as: CN103636373A

Abstract

The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, be specifically related to one and utilize fresh and alive bog moss to carry out vegetative method to genus vaccinium plant, be particularly useful for carrying out fast breeding to some main genus vaccinium plants.Choose blueberry raw semi-lignified branch or tissue culturing seedling's stem section then, with cuttings base portion after soaking with indole butyric acid 2 hours.The endogenous growth model extracted from genus vaccinium plant is inoculated in fresh and alive bog moss culture matrix.Cutting is inserted fresh and alive bog moss matrix, then carry out plastic mulching.After cuttage, temperature controls at 15 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative moisture controls 80 ~ 90%, after skewer rooting of cuttings, at interval of within 20 days, applying the liquid complete value fertilizer that concentration is about 0.5%.This method utilizes fresh and alive bog moss as the matrix of genus vaccinium plant cuttage nursery, and improves the survival rate of seedling of genus vaccinium plant by the mycorhiza of inoculation genus vaccinium plant, ensures to cultivate stalwartness, high quality seedling without damage by disease and insect.

Description

One utilizes fresh and alive bog moss to carry out vegetative method to genus vaccinium plant

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, be specifically related to one and utilize fresh and alive bog moss to carry out vegetative method to genus vaccinium plant, be particularly useful for carrying out fast breeding to some main genus vaccinium plants.

Technical background

Genus vaccinium plant is under the jurisdiction of Ericaceae, is generally short and small shrub.The pulp of this genus most plants fruit is fine and smooth, and pericarp is thin, and seed is minimum, and juice is many, sweet and sour palatability, both can eat raw, also can be processed into jam, preserved fruit, fruit drink etc.Its fruit, except containing except conventional sugar, organic acid and vitamin C, is also rich in the trace element such as rare special composition and abundant potassium, iron, zinc, manganese in other fruit such as anthocyan, vitamin E, vitamin A, Cobastab, SOD, protein, fat.At pre-myopia prevention, strengthen in cardiac function, anticancer, anti-cardiovascular disease there is extremely important effect.

Cuttage is as the important means of seedling-wood breeding, simple and easy to do, and can breed out a large amount of breeding nursery stocks within a short period of time, is thus widely used.One of successful key factor of blueberry cuttage and seedling culture is the selection of matrix.The effect of matrix, except support and fixing plant, the more important thing is that as moisture, air, nutrient, acid-base value etc., and these are all relevant with the physicochemical character of matrix for plant growth provides a root system environment stablized, be suitable for.The particle size, density, total porosity etc. of its mesostroma are important character parameters.At present, the matrix of genus vaccinium plant cuttage mainly contains the types such as vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, river sand.But result of study in the past shows, the success rate utilizing above-mentioned several matrix to carry out cuttage to genus vaccinium plant is lower, is not ideal cutting medium.Research in recent years finds that bryophyte has the features such as water retention property is strong, air capacity of soils good, corrosion-resistant, temperature changing amplitude is little, bog moss is as the moss of extensively distribution in global range, especially extremely common in the Changbaishan area in China northeast, and find that genus vaccinium plant likes the growth of same bog moss together usually through our previous research, there is a kind of relation of symbiosis between them, in bog moss plant corpus, there is the endotrophic mycorrhiza identical with genus vaccinium plant.

Comprise bog moss based on this research and utilization bryophyte also had, as matrix, cottage propagation is carried out to genus vaccinium plant, but, and the liver moss of not all can as the desirable matrix of genus vaccinium plant cuttage, the non-fresh and alive property bryophyte of most employing is as matrix, in medium, add various bactericide simultaneously, thus making nursery reproductive survival rate low, cutting experiment is undesirable.Therefore, fresh and alive bog moss is utilized to be carry out vegetative a kind of effective method to genus vaccinium plant as genus vaccinium plant cuttage matrix.

Summary of the invention

For the present situation of current genus vaccinium plant asexual multiplication technology, the present invention is on the basis of understanding genus vaccinium plant seedling growth characteristic in depth, one is provided to utilize fresh and alive bog moss to carry out vegetative method to genus vaccinium plant, utilize fresh and alive bog moss as the matrix of genus vaccinium plant cuttage nursery, and the survival rate of seedling of genus vaccinium plant is improved by the mycorhiza of inoculation genus vaccinium plant, ensure to cultivate stalwartness, high quality seedling without damage by disease and insect.

To achieve these goals, the present invention realizes as follows: one utilizes fresh and alive bog moss to carry out vegetative method to genus vaccinium plant, it is characterized in that:

(1) selection of cuttings and process: choosing then raw semi-lignified, fringe bar sturdy logical straight, leaf bud is full, blade does cuttings without the branch of damage by disease and insect, described fringe bar degree of lignification is low, be beneficial to calli induction, and then formation young root, long 6 ~ the 8cm of cuttings, soaks cuttings base portion 2h with the quickly dipped cutting of indolebutyric acid or with methyl α-naphthyl acetate.

(2) preparation of matrix: be first inoculated into being mixed with mycorhiza suspension by the VA Mycorrhizal Fungi spore extracted in great bilberry in a small amount of fresh and alive bog moss plant cultivated in Experimental Establishment, make the propagation that endotrophic mycorrhiza is a large amount of wherein; Then, the above-mentioned liver moss inoculated is utilized to be inoculated in fresh and alive bog moss culture matrix as the maternal plant of endotrophic mycorrhiza.Described fresh and alive bog moss matrix, must meet following condition: (1) ensures that the liver moss of field acquisition is green fresh and alive state; (2) in transportation, utilize the woven bag of good air permeability; (3) ensure that liver moss water content is more than 50%; (4) fresh and alive liver moss matrix used within 30 days.

(3) seedbed prepares: cuttage the last week, and above-mentioned bog moss matrix is laid into seedbed, can place one deck Polypropylence Sheet, non-woven fabrics or be other planting soils and bare area below slotting machine.

(4) cuttage: by the fresh and alive bog moss matrix of middle for step (1) the cuttings inserting step (2) processed, water content of substrate remains on 50 ~ 70%, porosity 60 ~ 70%, insertion depth 1 ~ 3cm, be uncovered with bud and blade and be advisable, carry out plastic mulching and shade.

(5) manage after cuttage: every day spray cooling, temperature control 15 ~ 28 DEG C, humid control is about 80 ~ 90%.After cuttage rooting at noon 12 o'clock to 15 time remove plastic film, reduce humidity, increase illumination, and carry out the work of weeding, insect protected; Applying N: P: K be 13: 26: 13 or N: P: K is the complete value fertilizer of 15: 30: 4, and fertilizer applies with liquid state, sprays 1 time at interval of 20d.

The described fresh and alive bog moss that utilizes carries out vegetative method to genus vaccinium plant, in order to ensure the activity extracting mycorhiza from genus vaccinium plant, does not add any bactericide in culture matrix.Adopt this method, cuttings starts to take root after cuttage 20d, and after 30 ~ 40d, survival rate is more than 90%, and seedling growth is healthy and strong, breeds efficiency and significantly improves.

Of the present inventionly effectively to be: compared with genus vaccinium plant asexual multiplication technology in the past, this method utilizes fresh and alive bog moss as the matrix of genus vaccinium plant cuttage nursery, and the survival rate of seedling of genus vaccinium plant is improved by the mycorhiza of inoculation genus vaccinium plant, ensure to cultivate stalwartness, high quality seedling without damage by disease and insect.

Embodiment

Different substrates water content and the cuttage degree of depth is described in the present invention in detail on the impact (for blueberry, in table 1 and table 2) of genus vaccinium plant cuttage survival rate below in conjunction with specific embodiment.

Embodiment one

(1) selection of cuttings and process: choosing then raw semi-lignified, fringe bar sturdy logical straight, leaf bud is full, blade does cuttings without the branch of damage by disease and insect, described fringe bar degree of lignification is low, be beneficial to calli induction, and then formation young root, the long 6cm of cuttings, soaks cuttings base portion 2h with the quickly dipped cutting of indolebutyric acid or with methyl α-naphthyl acetate.

(4) cuttage: by the fresh and alive bog moss matrix of middle for step (1) the cuttings inserting step (2) processed, water content of substrate remains on 50%, porosity 60%, insertion depth 1cm, is uncovered and is advisable, carry out plastic mulching and shade with bud and blade.

(5) manage after cuttage: every day spray cooling, temperature controls 15 DEG C, and humid control is about 80%.After cuttage rooting at noon 12 o'clock to 15 time remove plastic film, reduce humidity, increase illumination, and carry out the work of weeding, insect protected; Applying N: P: K be 13: 26: 13 or N: P: K is the complete value fertilizer of 15: 30: 4, and fertilizer applies with liquid state, sprays 1 time at interval of 20d.

Embodiment two

(1) selection of cuttings and process: choosing then raw semi-lignified, fringe bar sturdy logical straight, leaf bud is full, blade does cuttings without the branch of damage by disease and insect, described fringe bar degree of lignification is low, be beneficial to calli induction, and then formation young root, the long 8cm of cuttings, soaks cuttings base portion 2h with the quickly dipped cutting of indolebutyric acid or with methyl α-naphthyl acetate.

(4) cuttage: by the fresh and alive bog moss matrix of middle for step (1) the cuttings inserting step (2) processed, water content of substrate remains on 70%, porosity 70%, insertion depth 3cm, is uncovered and is advisable, carry out plastic mulching and shade with bud and blade.

(5) manage after cuttage: every day spray cooling, temperature controls 28 DEG C, and humid control is about 90%.After cuttage rooting at noon 12 o'clock to 15 time remove plastic film, reduce humidity, increase illumination, and carry out the work of weeding, insect protected; Applying N: P: K be 13: 26: 13 or N: P: K is the complete value fertilizer of 15: 30: 4, and fertilizer applies with liquid state, sprays 1 time at interval of 20d.

table 1. different substrates water content is on the impact of genus vaccinium plant cuttage survival rate.

the different cuttage degree of depth of table 2. is on the impact of genus vaccinium plant cuttage survival rate.

Claims

1. utilize fresh and alive bog moss to carry out a vegetative method to genus vaccinium plant, it is characterized in that:

(1) selection of cuttings and process: choosing then raw semi-lignified, fringe bar sturdy logical straight, leaf bud is full, blade does cuttings without the branch of damage by disease and insect, described fringe bar degree of lignification is low, be beneficial to calli induction, and then formation young root, long 6 ~ the 8cm of cuttings, soaks cuttings base portion 2h by the quickly dipped cuttings of indolebutyric acid or with methyl α-naphthyl acetate;

(2) preparation of matrix: be first inoculated into being mixed with mycorhiza suspension by the VA Mycorrhizal Fungi spore extracted in great bilberry in a small amount of fresh and alive bog moss plant cultivated in Experimental Establishment, make the propagation that endotrophic mycorrhiza is a large amount of in fresh and alive bog moss plant; Then, the fresh and alive bog moss plant that inoculated is utilized to be inoculated in fresh and alive bog moss culture matrix as the maternal plant of endotrophic mycorrhiza;

(3) seedbed prepares: cuttage the last week, and above-mentioned fresh and alive bog moss culture matrix is laid into seedbed, be bare area or placement one deck Polypropylence Sheet or layer of non-woven fabric or other planting soils of one deck below slotting machine;

(4) cuttage: by the fresh and alive bog moss culture matrix of middle for step (1) the cuttings inserting step (2) processed, water content of substrate remains on 50 ~ 70%, porosity 60 ~ 70%, insertion depth 1 ~ 3cm, bud and blade are uncovered, and carry out plastic mulching and shade;

(5) manage after cuttage: every day spray cooling, temperature control 15 ~ 28 DEG C, humid control is 80 ~ 90%; After cuttage rooting at noon 12 o'clock to 15 time remove plastic film, reduce humidity, increase illumination, and carry out the work of weeding, insect protected; Applying N: P: K be 13: 26: 13 or N: P: K is the complete value fertilizer of 15: 30: 4, and fertilizer applies with liquid state, sprays 1 time at interval of 20d;

Described fresh and alive bog moss culture matrix, must meet following condition: (1) ensures that the fresh and alive bog moss plant of field acquisition is green fresh and alive state; (2) in transportation, utilize the woven bag of good air permeability; (3) ensure that fresh and alive bog moss plant water content is more than 50%; (4) fresh and alive bog moss culture matrix used within 30 days.