CN105613199B - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of tea tree - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of tea tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN105613199B CN105613199B CN201610154482.5A CN201610154482A CN105613199B CN 105613199 B CN105613199 B CN 105613199B CN 201610154482 A CN201610154482 A CN 201610154482A CN 105613199 B CN105613199 B CN 105613199B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for culturing seedlings of tea tree, including fringe, the preparation of water planting container are cut, cuttings water planting, red soil solution is prepared, moves to nutritive cube and hardening.Water planting container is divided into two chambers up and down with field planting disk first, water planting is carried out after cuttings branch is fixed through field planting disk.Discrete control temperature and humidity during water planting, upper chamber be maintained at 10~12 DEG C, humid control 70~80%, lower end chamber water temperature is maintained at 30~32 DEG C；The metabolism of cuttings bud-leaf is reduced using low temperature, high humidity, cutting moisture and nutriment is preferably pinned, at the same time promotes cuttage bar base portion to take root using high temperature water planting.20 days after water planting cuttings goes out aerial root, move it to nutritive cube and hardening.Present invention reduces the requirement of cuttage branch, the non-semi-lignified fringe bar in the part in branch is utilized, improves tea shoot survival rate.There is easy to operate, the fireballing advantage of root of hair at the same time, reduce seedling cost, maintenance is more convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cutting propagation field of tea tree, more particularly to the method for culturing seedlings of tea tree, and for most wood
This plant all has directive significance.
Background technology
Tea tree is perennial industrial crops, its propagation method is divided into two kinds of generative propagation and vegetative propagation.Wherein, it is sexual numerous
It is to be bred tea tree seed sowing to grow, its advantage is that accommodative ability of environment is strong, seedling cost is low, but the drawback is that is planted
Economic characters mix between strain, and growth differences are big, and breeding time is inconsistent, inconvenience management, the especially low tea tree product of some setting percentages
Kind is difficult to use seminal propagation.Since vegetative propagation can keep the feature of breeding, characters of progenies uniformity is high, is conducive to tea place
Management, enjoys people to pay close attention in recent years, but asexual reproduction method traditional at present is in the rooting efficiency of tea tree and survival rate side
Face is undesirable.
For Water culture reproduction technique as one kind in asexual reproduction method, it is to make matrix with water, utilizes in vitro plant
The regenerability of histoorgan, makes it bud into the nursery side of an Individual plant body through artificial culture under certain condition
Method.But traditional Water culture propagation method is influenced be subject to factors such as temperature, water quality, illumination, generally existing root of hair speed
The defects such as slowly, survival rate is low.If Chinese Patent Application No. is a kind of 201310110582.4 water planting-earth culture skewers for disclosing tea tree
Fast seedling-cultivating method is inserted, its process route is as follows：Greenhouse, solarium prepare, and prepare nutrient solution, adopt fringe, cut fringe, the disinfection of cuttings clip
Sterilizing, HORMONE TREATMENT, greenhouse cuttage, Greenhouse Water Culture, prepares nutrient soil pot, turns seedling cuttage, and solarium's earth culture is taken root, and cuttings is into tea
Seedling, hardening to seedling.Although above-mentioned patent is by the way that water planting temperature control in greenhouse at 25~30 DEG C, is promoted to a certain extent
Take root, but easily lead to the tender shoots of ullage, tender leaf at such a temperature because dehydration is withered very much soon.
In addition, it must be semi-lignified branch that traditional cutting propagation, which requires cuttage fringe, therefore also needed to before cuttage by branch
Non-woodization part on the tip is wiped out, and directly reduces the utilization rate of branch.In addition, traditional cutting propagation is subject to the shadow in time more
Ring, be typically chosen the convenient time progress of spring and summer temperature, also limit the development of tea tree nursery to a certain extent.
The content of the invention
In consideration of it, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for culturing seedlings of tea tree, this method limits from the time, can be one
The four seasons in year complete cuttage, which solve traditional tea tree method for culturing seedlings and are difficult to be suitable for non-semi-lignified branch, and root of hair speed
Slowly the problem of, survival rate is low.
To realize the purpose of foregoing invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a kind of method for culturing seedlings of tea tree, including such as
Lower step：
(1) fringe is cut：Fringe bar is cut into not by selection one to the tea tree fringe bar of biennial, healthy and strong no disease and pests harm from maternal plant garden
It is shorter than the short fringe of 4 ㎝, cuttings lower end is no less than 3.5 ㎝ with a distance from a blade last in fringe bar, while requires to cut up and down
Mouth is smooth.
Foregoing fringe bar is one to biennial red stalk fringe, blue or green stalk fringe, the green combination for obstructing fringe or above-mentioned stalk fringe.
(2) water planting container prepares：Babinet made of glass is selected as water planting container, warm water to be poured into container, its depth
Degree is not less than 8cm.Electrothermal temperature controller is additionally provided with container, which is used to maintain the water temperature of warm water
30~32 DEG C.
(3) cuttings water planting：The field planting disk being adapted with water planting container size is made of heat preserving and insulating material, and in field planting disk
It is upper to beat mounting hole, the short fringe base portion in step (1) through mounting hole and is immersed in below the water surface of container, its immersed depth is
Field planting disk, is at the same time fixed on above the water surface and forms thermal insulation layer, then in short fringe with being colonized connecing for disk mounting hole by 2~3cm
It is further heat-insulated that contact portion coats vaseline.By above the water surface setting disk is colonized made of heat preserving and insulating material so that water
Temperature can not be diffused into the upper end of cutting, cause the excessive loss of bud-leaf moisture.
Finally it is buckled in heat shield on field planting disk, which will be colonized above disk and surround a closed chamber, in heat shield
On be further opened with cold wind air inlet, which is used to the temperature of closed chamber being maintained at 10~12 DEG C.In closing chamber
Humidification device is additionally provided with room, which is used to the indoor humidity of closing chamber maintaining 70~80%.It will be enclosed above field planting disk
Into the low temperature and high relative humidity region of a closing, the metabolism of cuttings bud-leaf is reduced using low temperature, high humidity, preferably pins cutting moisture
And nutriment, substantially increase the survival rate of cuttage.
After persistently cultivating 40~60 days, the water planting cutting after being taken root.
Further as the present invention is improved, and also needs the closed chamber above field planting disk to irradiate daily in the nurturing period
When feux rouges 2 is small, when purple light 1 is small, and then the photosynthetic efficiency of blade Determination of Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b is improved, battalion is provided for cuttings
Material is supported, ensures the survival rate of cuttage seeding.
(4) red soil solution is prepared：The red soil crossed with out of crop, crosses 40 mesh sieves after preferably drying, then itself and water are mixed
Conjunction forms muddy solution.
(5) nutritive cube and hardening are moved to：Water planting cutting after taking root in step (3) is submerged to the muddy in step (4)
Quickly dipped 5~10s in solution；Then nutritive cube is loaded into, mends soil pressure reality, crop field is sent into and carries out heeling in hardening.
The humiture for being adapted to growth of cuttage seedlings is kept during hardening, if summer temp Gao Shike adds sunshade net, winter temperature
Covering with ground sheeting when spending low, hardening go out garden after 6~9 months.
It is of the invention compared with the method for culturing seedlings of traditional tea tree, its innovative point is：
First, it is sectional temperature-controlled easily to take root.The height of temperature is the key factor for influencing water planting plant root growth speed, existing
Although being also disclosed in some Water culture technologies and promoting the precedent of water planting rooting rate by controlling water temperature, controlling
The environment that tea tree short fringe upper part is maintained to low temperature and high relative humidity while water temperature but has no report.Applicant passes through many experiments
It was found that the upper end of cuttage bar to be placed in 10~12 DEG C of temperature, 70~80% humidity, lower end base portion is placed in 30~32 DEG C of water
Under warm environment, cuttage bar is easily taken root, 20 days after water planting cuttings goes out aerial root, moves it to nutritive cube and hardening.This hair
The bright metabolism that cuttings bud-leaf is reduced using low temperature, high humidity, it is more preferable to pin cutting moisture and nutriment, at the same time utilize
High temperature water planting promotes cuttage bar base portion to take root, and effectively increases the survival rate of water planting.
2nd, requirement of the present invention to cuttage branch substantially reduces, and improves the profit of the non-semi-lignified fringe bar in part in branch
With rate.In existing Water culture technology, the survival rate of cuttage bar and taking root property are considered, general choice is annual half
The fringe bar of lignifying, green stalk fringe, blue or green stalk fringe for fringe bar upper end, generally can directly wipe out during fringe is adopted, cause a large amount of
Waste.Water planting container is divided into two chambers up and down with field planting disk in the present invention, then cuttings branch is added through field planting disk
To carry out water planting after fixation, water planting process segment controls the epidemic disaster of two chambers up and down, while water planting survival rate is improved,
Requirement to cuttage bar substantially reduces so that the non-semi-lignified fringe bar in part in branch is utilized, and then is substantially increased
The utilization rate of branch.
3rd, illumination controls.Inventor is further by cutting upper end pulsed exposure feux rouges and purple light so that bud-leaf carries out
The photosynthesis of appropriateness, and then the photosynthetic efficiency of blade Determination of Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b is improved, provide nutrients for cuttings
Matter, ensures the survival rate of cuttage seeding.
4th, cuttage limits from the time.In the present invention cottage breeding whole process (in addition to hardening) be all at a certain temperature into
OK, from the influence of objective environment, thus reproductive efficiency is greatly improved.
To sum up, the present invention has easy to operate, the fireballing advantage of root of hair, with common temperature before tea tree grows aerial root
Water carries out water planting, reduces seedling cost, while reduces and change water frequency, and maintenance is more convenient.
Embodiment
The present invention is further expanded description with reference to specific embodiment, it is to be noted that the present embodiment
Implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but this
The protection domain of invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1,
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of tea tree, includes the following steps：
(1) fringe is cut：The tea tree fringe bar of annual, healthy and strong no disease and pests harm is chosen from maternal plant garden, which is semi-lignified
Fringe bar, is cut into the short fringe for not being shorter than 4 ㎝ by red stalk fringe, and cuttings lower end is no less than with a distance from a blade last in fringe bar
3.5 ㎝, while clip is smooth up and down for requirement.Then it is spare after the clip of fringe bar is carried out disinfection.
(2) water planting container prepares：Select babinet made of glass that as cuttage vessel, 30~32 DEG C are poured into container
Warm water, warm water depth are not less than 8cm.The electrothermal temperature controller for water temperature to be maintained to above-mentioned temperature is additionally provided with container.
(3) cuttings water planting：The field planting disk being adapted with water planting container size is made of heat preserving and insulating material, and in field planting disk
It is upper to beat mounting hole, the short fringe base portion in step (1) through mounting hole and is immersed in below the water surface of container, its immersed depth is
2~3cm, then field planting disk is fixed on above the water surface and forms thermal insulation layer, then applied in the contact site of short fringe and field planting disk mounting hole
Upper vaseline.
Then, it is buckled in heat shield on field planting disk, which will be colonized above disk and surround a closed chamber, in heat shield
On be further opened with cold wind air inlet, which is used to the temperature of closed chamber maintaining 10~12 DEG C.In closing chamber
Humidification device is also added in room, so that the indoor humidity of closing chamber reaches 70~80%.In the nurturing period, daily to being colonized disk
The closed chamber of top according to feux rouges 2 it is small when, when purple light 1 is small, promote blade carry out photosynthesis provide nutriment for cuttings.
After persistently cultivating 40~50 days, the water planting cutting after being taken root.
(4) red soil solution is prepared：The red soil for selecting out of crop to cross, crosses 40 mesh sieves after drying, then it is mixed with water
Form muddy solution.
(5) nutritive cube and hardening are moved to：Water planting cutting after taking root in step (3) is submerged to the muddy in step (4)
Quickly dipped 5~10s in solution.Then nutritive cube is loaded into, mends soil pressure reality, crop field is sent into and carries out heeling in hardening.
The humiture for being adapted to growth of cuttage seedlings is kept during hardening, if summer temp Gao Shike adds sunshade net, winter temperature
Covering with ground sheeting when spending low, hardening go out garden after 6~9 months.
Embodiment 2,
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of tea tree, includes the following steps：
(1) fringe is cut：The tea tree fringe bar of biennial, healthy and strong no disease and pests harm is chosen from maternal plant garden, the fringe bar is wooden for non-half
Change green stalk fringe, fringe bar is cut into the short fringe for not being shorter than 4 ㎝, cuttings lower end is no less than with a distance from a blade last in fringe bar
3.5 ㎝, while clip is smooth up and down for requirement.Then it is spare after the clip of fringe bar is carried out disinfection.
(2) water planting container prepares：Select babinet made of glass that as cuttage vessel, 30~32 DEG C are poured into container
Warm water, warm water depth are not less than 8cm.The electrothermal temperature controller for water temperature to be maintained to above-mentioned temperature is additionally provided with container.
(3) cuttings water planting：The field planting disk being adapted with water planting container size is made of heat preserving and insulating material, and in field planting disk
It is upper to beat mounting hole, the short fringe base portion in step (1) through mounting hole and is immersed in below the water surface of container, its immersed depth is
2~3cm, then field planting disk is fixed on above the water surface and forms thermal insulation layer, then applied in the contact site of short fringe and field planting disk mounting hole
Upper vaseline.
Then, it is buckled in heat shield on field planting disk, which will be colonized above disk and surround a closed chamber, in heat shield
On be further opened with cold wind air inlet, which is used to the temperature of closed chamber maintaining 10~12 DEG C.In closing chamber
Humidification device is also added in room, so that the indoor humidity of closing chamber reaches 70~80%.In the nurturing period, daily to being colonized disk
The closed chamber of top according to feux rouges 2 it is small when, when purple light 1 is small, promote blade carry out photosynthesis provide nutriment for cuttings.
After persistently cultivating 45~60 days, the water planting cutting after being taken root.
(4) red soil solution is prepared：The red soil for selecting out of crop to cross, crosses 40 mesh sieves after drying, then it is mixed with water
Form muddy solution.
(5) nutritive cube and hardening are moved to：Water planting cutting after taking root in step (3) is submerged to the muddy in step (4)
Quickly dipped 5~10s in solution.Then nutritive cube is loaded into, mends soil pressure reality, crop field is sent into and carries out heeling in hardening.
The humiture for being adapted to growth of cuttage seedlings is kept during hardening, if summer temp Gao Shike adds sunshade net, winter temperature
Covering with ground sheeting when spending low, hardening go out garden after 6~9 months.
Embodiment 3,
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of tea tree, includes the following steps：
(1) fringe is cut：The tea tree fringe bar of biennial, healthy and strong no disease and pests harm is chosen from maternal plant garden, the lower end of the fringe bar is half
The red stalk fringe of lignifying, upper end are the blue or green stalk fringes of non-lignifying.Fringe bar is cut into the short fringe of 7~10 ㎝, cuttings lower end is from fringe bar
A blade distance last is no less than 3.5 ㎝, while clip is smooth up and down for requirement.Then the clip of fringe bar is carried out disinfection
Afterwards, it is spare.
(2) water planting container prepares：Select babinet made of glass that as cuttage vessel, 30~32 DEG C are poured into container
Warm water, warm water depth are not less than 8cm.The electrothermal temperature controller for water temperature to be maintained to above-mentioned temperature is additionally provided with container.
(3) cuttings water planting：The field planting disk being adapted with water planting container size is made of heat preserving and insulating material, and in field planting disk
It is upper to beat mounting hole, the short fringe base portion in step (1) through mounting hole and is immersed in below the water surface of container, its immersed depth is
2~3cm, then field planting disk is fixed on above the water surface and forms thermal insulation layer, then applied in the contact site of short fringe and field planting disk mounting hole
Upper vaseline.
Then, it is buckled in heat shield on field planting disk, which will be colonized above disk and surround a closed chamber, in heat shield
On be further opened with cold wind air inlet, which is used to the temperature of closed chamber maintaining 10~12 DEG C.In closing chamber
Humidification device is also added in room, so that the indoor humidity of closing chamber reaches 70~80%.In the nurturing period, daily to being colonized disk
The closed chamber of top according to feux rouges 2 it is small when, when purple light 1 is small, promote blade carry out photosynthesis provide nutriment for cuttings.
After persistently cultivating 45~60 days, the water planting cutting after being taken root.
(4) red soil solution is prepared：The red soil for selecting out of crop to cross, crosses 40 mesh sieves after drying, then it is mixed with water
Form muddy solution.
(5) nutritive cube and hardening are moved to：Water planting cutting after taking root in step (3) is submerged to the muddy in step (4)
Quickly dipped 5~10s in solution.Then nutritive cube is loaded into, mends soil pressure reality, crop field is sent into and carries out heeling in hardening.
The humiture for being adapted to growth of cuttage seedlings is kept during hardening, if summer temp Gao Shike adds sunshade net, winter temperature
Covering with ground sheeting when spending low, hardening go out garden after 6~9 months.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of tea tree, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(1) fringe is cut：Fringe bar is cut into the tea tree fringe bar of biennial, healthy and strong no disease and pests harm and is not shorter than 4 by selection one from maternal plant garden
The short fringe of ㎝, cuttings lower end is no less than 3.5 ㎝ with a distance from a blade last in fringe bar, while clip is put down up and down for requirement
It is sliding；
(2) water planting container prepares：30~32 DEG C of warm water is poured into container, warm water depth is not less than 8cm, is also set up in container
It is useful for maintaining water temperature the electrothermal temperature controller of above-mentioned temperature；
(3) cuttings water planting：The field planting disk being adapted with water planting container size is made of heat preserving and insulating material, and is beaten on field planting disk
Mounting hole, the short fringe base portion in step (1) through mounting hole and is immersed in below the water planting container water surface, then field planting disk is fixed
Thermal insulation layer is formed above the water surface；Then vaseline is coated in the contact site of short fringe and field planting disk mounting hole；Finally use heat shield
It is buckled on field planting disk, which will be colonized above disk and surround a closed chamber, be further opened with being used for closing on heat shield
The temperature of chamber maintains 10~12 DEG C of cold wind air inlet, and for by the humid control of closed chamber 70~80%
Humidification device；After persistently cultivating 40~60 days, the water planting cutting after being taken root；
(4) red soil solution is prepared：The red soil for selecting out of crop to cross, then itself and water are mixed and made into muddy solution；
(5) nutritive cube and hardening are moved to：Water planting cutting after taking root in step (3) is submerged to the muddy solution in step (4)
In quickly dipped 5~10s；Nutritive cube is finally loaded into, mends soil pressure reality, crop field is sent into and carries out heeling in hardening；Kept during hardening suitable
The humiture of growth of cuttage seedlings is closed, if adding sunshade net when summer temp is high, covering with ground sheeting when winter temperature is low, hardening 6~9
Go out garden after a month.
2. the method for culturing seedlings of tea tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fringe bar described in step (1) is 1 to two year
The combination of raw red stalk fringe, blue or green stalk fringe, green stalk fringe or above-mentioned stalk fringe.
3. the method for culturing seedlings of tea tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The immersion of short fringe base portion described in step (3)
Depth is 2~3cm.
4. the method for culturing seedlings of tea tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The container and heat shield are obtained using glass system.
5. the method for culturing seedlings of tea tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is every that the nurturing period is additionally included in step (3)
Its process for carrying out appropriate illumination to being colonized the closed chamber above disk.
6. the method for culturing seedlings of tea tree as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The nurturing period daily to field planting disk above envelope
When closed chamber room irradiation feux rouges 2 is small, when purple light 1 is small.
7. the method for culturing seedlings of tea tree as described in any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that：Red soil in step (4) is being made
The step of 40 mesh sieve is crossed after drying is further included before into muddy solution.
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| CN105613199A (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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Inventor after: Wu Weiguo Inventor after: Chu Zhijian Inventor after: Wang Yejun Inventor after: Cheng Zihong Inventor after: Cao Yongli Inventor after: Fang Zeji Inventor after: Hu Hongqiu Inventor before: Wu Weiguo Inventor before: Cao Yongli Inventor before: Wang Yejun Inventor before: Fang Chunhua Inventor before: Cheng Zihong |
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Effective date of registration: 20191114 Address after: 332400 floor 1, village committee, Shuangjing village, hangkou Town, Xiushui County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province Patentee after: Xiushui Zhentai improved tea tree breeding Co., Ltd Address before: 245000 No. 108 Yang Cun, Yang Cun village, Huizhou District, Anhui, Huangshan City Patentee before: HUANGSHAN HUIZHOU DISTRICT FUXIRENJIA TEA CO., LTD. |