CN106416809A - Koelreuteria paniculata hardwood cutting quick-seedling method - Google Patents
Koelreuteria paniculata hardwood cutting quick-seedling method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a koelreuteria paniculata hardwood cutting quick-seedling method and belongs to the field of planting. The method includes the specific steps of (1), preparing cuttings, (2), burying the cuttings in wet sand in winter, (3), preparing treating fluid of the cuttings, (4), treating the cuttings, (5), preparing cutting medium, (6), carrying out cuttage, and (7) managing after cuttage. The operating steps of the method are in reasonable arrangement, and by the method, the survival rate of the cultured cuttings is equal to or even higher than 98%, constitution and property of the cuttings are improved effectively, management cost is lowered, and as compared with the conventional method, the cost for culturing the cuttings is decreased by 25-35% and the seedling cycle is shortened by 40-60%; besides, the cultured cutting seedlings grow well and have strong root systems and high economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of planting is and in particular to a kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method.
Background technology
Luan Shu is Sapindaceae, Luan Shu platymiscium, drought-resistant and barren, the strong adaptability to environment, and seed can press
Iundustrial oil.Luan Shu is tree-like dignified neat, leaf, flower, is really available for viewing and admiring, and to wind, dust pollution, sulfur dioxide and ozone
There is stronger resistance, the greening for city alameda, pavement is particularly suitable.
Luan Shuke carries out nursery in the way of using sowing, cuttage, and wherein cutting propagation has survival rate height, seedling raise period
Short, seedlings root is sturdy and the feature of strong stress resistance, is therefore used widely.Cuttage can be divided into epicormic branch cuttage and stiff wood skewer again
Insert, the separate living tissue of spray enlivens, and is comparatively more easy to survive, but weatherability is poor, need to carry out strict control, the lucky phase of stiff wood
Instead, existing cuttage technique, for the cuttage research not system of above two mode, causes rooting rate not high, easily sick, becomes
Seedling rate is low, and growing-seedling period is long, and complex management, be bred as relatively costly.
Content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method, comprises the steps：
（1）Prepared by cuttings：
After autumn Mo tree deciduous leaf, choose the Luan Shumu of life in 2 ~ 3 years, the branch intercepting the thick 1 ~ 1.5cm in footpath raw then as cutting,
Then it is cut into the segment length that length is 10 ~ 15cm, clip is truncate thereon, lower clip bevel, it is ensured that clip smooths, makes cuttings standby
With；
（2）The wet sand winter hides：
By step（1）Prepared cuttings with 30 ~ 40 as a bundle, in embedment wet sand, control the relative water content of wet sand for 60 ~
70%；
（3）Prepared by cuttings treatment fluid：
The material weighing corresponding weight portion makes cuttings treatment fluid, each component of described cuttings treatment fluid and corresponding weight percent
Than as follows：
Potassium permanganate 0.5 ~ 1%, washing powder 0.2 ~ 0.5%, ivermectin 0.3 ~ 0.5%, gibberellin 80 ~ 120ppm, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 100 ~
150ppm, ferrous sulfate 1 ~ 2%, manganese sulfate 0.3 ~ 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3 ~ 0.5%, boric acid 0.5 ~ 1.5%, nitrate rare earth 100 ~
130ppm, glucose 1 ~ 2%, zinc sulfate 0.5 ~ 1%, neopelex 0.3 ~ 0.8%, urea 2 ~ 2.5%, potassium fulvate 2 ~
3%th, edible fungus fermented liquid 2 ~ 5%, balance of water；
（4）Cuttings is processed：
1）By step（2）The good cuttings of Sand culture is taken out, and the bottom that it is tiltedly cut is immersed in step（3）At obtained cuttings
In reason liquid, take out after immersion treatment 20 ~ 25min；
2）1 will be operated）Cuttings after process is put in the processing instrument of magnetic field, controls environment temperature to be 40 ~ 42 DEG C, it is jointly processed by 2 ~
Take out standby after 3min；With magnetic field and higher temperature, cuttings is processed, be conducive to exciting further, lift cuttings root
The activity of cell, and the temperature resistant capability of cuttings can be improved, do not need strict control environment temperature in subsequent growth, save
The expense of portion temperature regulation and control, and improve the adaptive capacity to environment of cuttage seeding well；
（5）Prepared by cutting medium：
The material weighing corresponding weight portion makes cutting medium, and each component of described cutting medium and corresponding weight percent are such as
Under：
Peat soil 25 ~ 30%, tea grounds 5 ~ 8%, perlite 10 ~ 15%, paulownia wood chip 15 ~ 20%, plants essential oil 2 ~ 3%, water-loss reducer 0.5 ~
1%th, Soil Probiotics 0.2 ~ 0.5%, wormcast 10 ~ 20%, farm manure 2.5 ~ 32.3%；
（6）Cuttings cuttage：
By step（4）Cuttings after process in the way of distance between rows and hills 35 × 40cm cuttage in step（5）On prepared cutting medium,
The depth of cuttage is 6 ~ 10cm, carries out being classified cuttage by cuttings thickness during cuttage；
（7）Manage after cuttage：
After cuttage, cutting medium is kept to be 65 ~ 75% relative to water content, the concentration keeping Carbon Dioxide in Air is 0.2 ~ 0.5%,
Until cuttings grows adventitious root, carry out fertilising, the photo-irradiation treatment of routine afterwards, until cuttings grows up to the cuttage seeding of stalwartness.In skewer
During growing adventitious root to cuttings after inserting, improve the gas concentration lwevel of air, be conducive to exciting the potential vigor of cuttings root,
Induce its efficiency of taking root further, with collective effects such as cuttings treatment fluid, cuttings processing methods, significantly enhance surviving of cuttings
Rate.
Further, step（2）Described in the mass ratio of cuttings and wet sand be 1:10~13.
Further, step（3）Described in edible mushroom be mushroom, pleurotus eryngii, agaric any one.
Further, step（4）Operation 2）Described in magnetic field process intensity be 1 ~ 1.3T.
Further, step（5）Described in plants essential oil be Peppermint essential oil, sweet orange oil, Lavender, tea tree essence
At least two compositions in oil, cinnamon essential oil.
Further, step（5）Described in water-loss reducer be starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization thing.
Further, step（5）Described in Soil Probiotics in containing actinomyces, nitrifier, photosynthetic bacteria, Aspergillus,
Streptomycete and dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium function bacterium.
Further, step（5）Described in farm manure by human urine excrement, chicken manure, sorghum husk, lotus root leaf, vinasse, soya-bean cake and water
The common hybrid composting spontaneous fermentation of fruit residue forms.
The present invention has the advantages that：
The present invention has prepared cuttings treatment fluid according to the stiff wood characteristic of Luan Shu, cuttings is carried out after immersion treatment, can change well
It is apt to its division, differentiation capability, promotes growing of root, lift its nutrition deposit, the magnetic field carrying out afterwards, high-temperature process energy
Intensify the activity of cuttings each position cell further, enhance its utilization rate to moisture, fertilizer component etc., finally prepd skewer
Slotting matrix retain water and nutrients performance is good, and gas permeability is good, and antibiotic property is strong, is that the growth of cuttings provides the environment of safety and comfort.Each
Under the collective effect of operating procedure, the survival rate up to more than 98% of the educated cuttings of the inventive method, improve the body of cuttings very well
Matter performance, reduces management cost, and the cuttage seeding cost finally cultivated is compared conventional method and reduced 25 ~ 35%, growing-seedling period
Shorten 40 ~ 60%, and the cuttage seeding growing way educated is vigorous, well developed root system, has good economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method, comprises the steps：
（1）Prepared by cuttings：
After autumn Mo tree deciduous leaf, choose the Luan Shumu of life in 3 years, intercept the branch of the thick 1 ~ 1.2cm in footpath raw then as cutting, so
It is cut into the segment length that length is 12cm afterwards, clip is truncate thereon, lower clip bevel, it is ensured that clip smooths, makes cuttings standby；
（2）The wet sand winter hides：
By step（1）With 35 as a bundle, in embedment wet sand, the relative water content controlling wet sand is 65 ~ 70% to prepared cuttings；
（3）Prepared by cuttings treatment fluid：
The material weighing corresponding weight portion makes cuttings treatment fluid, each component of described cuttings treatment fluid and corresponding weight percent
Than as follows：
Potassium permanganate 0.8%, washing powder 0.3%, ivermectin 0.3%, gibberellin 80ppm, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 120ppm, ferrous sulfate
1.5%th, manganese sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, boric acid 0.8%, nitrate rare earth 100ppm, glucose 1%, zinc sulfate 0.8%, 12
Sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate 0.3%, urea 2%, potassium fulvate 2%, edible fungus fermented liquid 3%, balance of water；
（4）Cuttings is processed：
1）By step（2）The good cuttings of Sand culture is taken out, and the bottom that it is tiltedly cut is immersed in step（3）At obtained cuttings
In reason liquid, take out after immersion treatment 20min；
2）1 will be operated）Cuttings after process is put in the processing instrument of magnetic field, controls environment temperature to be 40 DEG C, after being jointly processed by 2min
Take out standby；
（5）Prepared by cutting medium：
The material weighing corresponding weight portion makes cutting medium, and each component of described cutting medium and corresponding weight percent are such as
Under：
Peat soil 25%, tea grounds 6%, perlite 12%, paulownia wood chip 17%, plants essential oil 2%, water-loss reducer 0.8%, Soil Probiotics
0.3%th, wormcast 12%, farm manure 24.9%；
（6）Cuttings cuttage：
By step（4）Cuttings after process in the way of distance between rows and hills 35 × 40cm cuttage in step（5）On prepared cutting medium,
The depth of cuttage is 7cm, carries out being classified cuttage by cuttings thickness during cuttage；
（7）Manage after cuttage：
After cuttage, cutting medium is kept to be 65 ~ 70% relative to water content, the concentration keeping Carbon Dioxide in Air is 0.3 ~ 0.4%,
Until cuttings grows adventitious root, carry out fertilising, the photo-irradiation treatment of routine afterwards, until cuttings grows up to the cuttage seeding of stalwartness.
Further, step（2）Described in the mass ratio of cuttings and wet sand be 1:12.
Further, step（3）Described in edible mushroom be mushroom.
Further, step（4）Operation 2）Described in magnetic field process intensity be 1.2T.
Further, step（5）Described in plants essential oil be Peppermint essential oil, sweet orange oil, Lavender and tea tree
Essential oil forms.
Further, step（5）Described in water-loss reducer be starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization thing.
Further, step（5）Described in Soil Probiotics in containing actinomyces, nitrifier, photosynthetic bacteria, Aspergillus,
Streptomycete and dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium function bacterium.
Further, step（5）Described in farm manure by human urine excrement, chicken manure, sorghum husk, lotus root leaf, vinasse, soya-bean cake and water
The common hybrid composting spontaneous fermentation of fruit residue forms.
The cuttage survival rate of the embodiment of the present invention 1 method educated goldenrain tree tree cuttage seedling is 98.3%, is bred as the skewer that plant height is 25cm
Cost used by seedlings plugging is 6.7 yuan, and the cuttage survival rate of existing method educated goldenrain tree tree cuttage seedling is only 90.4%, is bred as plant height and is
The cuttage seeding of 25cm need to be 9.4 yuan with cost, and the time about needing January from cuttage to taking root in existing method, and this
Bright embodiment 1 method is then advanced by 7 ~ 10 days.
In order to verify the present invention each step effect, step is not carried out to cuttings（4）Operation 2）Described in magnetic field, at high temperature
Reason, its cuttage seeding quality being bred as and cost are all between above-described embodiment 1 and existing method two ways.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method, comprises the steps：
（1）Prepared by cuttings：
After autumn Mo tree deciduous leaf, choose the Luan Shumu of life in 2 years, the branch intercepting the thick 1.2 ~ 1.5cm in footpath raw then as cutting,
Then it is cut into the segment length that length is 15cm, clip is truncate thereon, lower clip bevel, it is ensured that clip smooths, makes cuttings standby；
（2）The wet sand winter hides：
By step（1）With 40 as a bundle, in embedment wet sand, the relative water content controlling wet sand is 65 ~ 70% to prepared cuttings；
（3）Prepared by cuttings treatment fluid：
The material weighing corresponding weight portion makes cuttings treatment fluid, each component of described cuttings treatment fluid and corresponding weight percent
Than as follows：
Potassium permanganate 1%, washing powder 0.5%, ivermectin 0.5%, gibberellin 120ppm, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 100ppm, ferrous sulfate 2%,
Manganese sulfate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.5%, boric acid 1.5%, nitrate rare earth 130ppm, glucose 1%, zinc sulfate 0.5%, dodecyl
Benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 0.3%, urea 2%, potassium fulvate 2.5%, edible fungus fermented liquid 4%, balance of water；
（4）Cuttings is processed：
1）By step（2）The good cuttings of Sand culture is taken out, and the bottom that it is tiltedly cut is immersed in step（3）At obtained cuttings
In reason liquid, take out after immersion treatment 25min；
2）1 will be operated）Cuttings after process is put in the processing instrument of magnetic field, controls environment temperature to be 42 DEG C, after being jointly processed by 3min
Take out standby；
（5）Prepared by cutting medium：
The material weighing corresponding weight portion makes cutting medium, and each component of described cutting medium and corresponding weight percent are such as
Under：
Peat soil 28%, tea grounds 8%, perlite 13%, paulownia wood chip 17%, plants essential oil 3%, water-loss reducer 0.8%, Soil Probiotics
0.4%th, wormcast 16%, farm manure 13.8%；
（6）Cuttings cuttage：
By step（4）Cuttings after process in the way of distance between rows and hills 35 × 40cm cuttage in step（5）On prepared cutting medium,
The depth of cuttage is 10cm, carries out being classified cuttage by cuttings thickness during cuttage；
（7）Manage after cuttage：
After cuttage, cutting medium is kept to be 68 ~ 73% relative to water content, the concentration keeping Carbon Dioxide in Air is 0.2 ~ 0.3%,
Until cuttings grows adventitious root, carry out fertilising, the photo-irradiation treatment of routine afterwards, until cuttings grows up to the cuttage seeding of stalwartness.
Further, step（2）Described in the mass ratio of cuttings and wet sand be 1:13.
Further, step（3）Described in edible mushroom be agaric.
Further, step（4）Operation 2）Described in magnetic field process intensity be 1.3T.
Further, step（5）Described in plants essential oil be Peppermint essential oil, sweet orange oil, Lavender, tea tree essence
Oil and cinnamon essential oil composition.
Further, step（5）Described in water-loss reducer be starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization thing.
Further, step（5）Described in Soil Probiotics in containing actinomyces, nitrifier, photosynthetic bacteria, Aspergillus,
Streptomycete and dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium function bacterium.
Further, step（5）Described in farm manure by human urine excrement, chicken manure, sorghum husk, lotus root leaf, vinasse, soya-bean cake and water
The common hybrid composting spontaneous fermentation of fruit residue forms.
The cuttage survival rate of the embodiment of the present invention 1 method educated goldenrain tree tree cuttage seedling is 98.7%, is bred as the skewer that plant height is 35cm
Cost used by seedlings plugging is 7.8 yuan, and the cuttage survival rate of existing method educated goldenrain tree tree cuttage seedling is only 91.5%, is bred as plant height and is
The cuttage seeding of 35cm need to be 10.2 yuan with cost, and from cuttage to the time needing 42 of taking root in existing method, and the present invention is real
Apply example 1 method and be then advanced by 9 days.
In order to verify the present invention each step effect, step is not carried out to cuttings（7）Described in lifting air carbon dioxide
The process of concentration, cuttage seeding quality, efficiency of taking root and incubation cost that it is bred as are all between above-described embodiment 2 and existing method two
Between the mode of kind.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method is it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
（1）Prepared by cuttings：
After autumn Mo tree deciduous leaf, choose the Luan Shumu of life in 2 ~ 3 years, the branch intercepting the thick 1 ~ 1.5cm in footpath raw then as cutting,
Then it is cut into the segment length that length is 10 ~ 15cm, clip is truncate thereon, lower clip bevel, it is ensured that clip smooths, makes cuttings standby
With；
（2）The wet sand winter hides：
By step（1）Prepared cuttings with 30 ~ 40 as a bundle, in embedment wet sand, control the relative water content of wet sand for 60 ~
70%；
（3）Prepared by cuttings treatment fluid：
The material weighing corresponding weight portion makes cuttings treatment fluid, each component of described cuttings treatment fluid and corresponding weight percent
Than as follows：
Potassium permanganate 0.5 ~ 1%, washing powder 0.2 ~ 0.5%, ivermectin 0.3 ~ 0.5%, gibberellin 80 ~ 120ppm, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 100 ~
150ppm, ferrous sulfate 1 ~ 2%, manganese sulfate 0.3 ~ 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3 ~ 0.5%, boric acid 0.5 ~ 1.5%, nitrate rare earth 100 ~
130ppm, glucose 1 ~ 2%, zinc sulfate 0.5 ~ 1%, neopelex 0.3 ~ 0.8%, urea 2 ~ 2.5%, potassium fulvate 2 ~
3%th, edible fungus fermented liquid 2 ~ 5%, balance of water；
（4）Cuttings is processed：
1）By step（2）The good cuttings of Sand culture is taken out, and the bottom that it is tiltedly cut is immersed in step（3）At obtained cuttings
In reason liquid, take out after immersion treatment 20 ~ 25min；
2）1 will be operated）Cuttings after process is put in the processing instrument of magnetic field, controls environment temperature to be 40 ~ 42 DEG C, it is jointly processed by 2 ~
Take out standby after 3min；
（5）Prepared by cutting medium：
The material weighing corresponding weight portion makes cutting medium, and each component of described cutting medium and corresponding weight percent are such as
Under：
Peat soil 25 ~ 30%, tea grounds 5 ~ 8%, perlite 10 ~ 15%, paulownia wood chip 15 ~ 20%, plants essential oil 2 ~ 3%, water-loss reducer 0.5 ~
1%th, Soil Probiotics 0.2 ~ 0.5%, wormcast 10 ~ 20%, farm manure 2.5 ~ 32.3%；
（6）Cuttings cuttage：
By step（4）Cuttings after process in the way of distance between rows and hills 35 × 40cm cuttage in step（5）On prepared cutting medium,
The depth of cuttage is 6 ~ 10cm, carries out being classified cuttage by cuttings thickness during cuttage；
（7）Manage after cuttage：
After cuttage, cutting medium is kept to be 65 ~ 75% relative to water content, the concentration keeping Carbon Dioxide in Air is 0.2 ~ 0.5%,
Until cuttings grows adventitious root, carry out fertilising, the photo-irradiation treatment of routine afterwards, until cuttings grows up to the cuttage seeding of stalwartness.
2. a kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（2）Middle institute
The cuttings stated is 1 with the mass ratio of wet sand:10~13.
3. a kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（3）Middle institute
The edible mushroom stated be mushroom, pleurotus eryngii, agaric any one.
4. a kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（4）Operation
2）Described in magnetic field process intensity be 1 ~ 1.3T.
5. a kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（5）Middle institute
The plants essential oil stated is Peppermint essential oil, sweet orange oil, Lavender, tea tree ethereal oil, at least two compositions in cinnamon essential oil.
6. a kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（5）Middle institute
The water-loss reducer stated is starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization thing.
7. a kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（5）Middle institute
Actinomyces, nitrifier, photosynthetic bacteria, Aspergillus, streptomycete and dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium function bacterium is contained in the Soil Probiotics stated.
8. a kind of Luan Shu cuttage fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（5）Middle institute
The farm manure stated is by human urine excrement, chicken manure, sorghum husk, lotus root leaf, vinasse, soya-bean cake and the common hybrid composting spontaneous fermentation of fruit residue
Become.
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| CN109197550A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-15 | 湖南省银鑫油茶开发有限公司 | A kind of tea oil tree propagation method |
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