CN100518499C - Dioscorea composite Hemsl. cutting propagation method - Google Patents
Dioscorea composite Hemsl. cutting propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100518499C CN100518499C CNB2006101638091A CN200610163809A CN100518499C CN 100518499 C CN100518499 C CN 100518499C CN B2006101638091 A CNB2006101638091 A CN B2006101638091A CN 200610163809 A CN200610163809 A CN 200610163809A CN 100518499 C CN100518499 C CN 100518499C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating chrysanthemum potato, wherein it comprises inserting branches, shearing graft, and immerging, potato and managing seed bed. The invention can grow 100thousand chrysanthemum potato; after three year transplantation, each unit can grow 6000kg, the content of saponin can reach 3-4%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, be specifically related to the asexual reproduction method of medicinal plant Dioscorea camposita, particularly relate to a kind of cuttage breeding method of Dioscorea camposita.
Background technology
Dioscorea camposita (Dioscorea composite Hemsl.) belongs to the Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea, originates in Mexico, is perennial prehensile rattan shape herbaceous plant.Plants stems, circle, meat, diameter 0.4～0.7cm is levorotation and twines, the tool rib, mottled purple, axil Nei Changsheng has the triangle tender shoots, develops into branch and inflorescence.Leaf, single leaf alternate, full edge, heart, the long 20～25cm of leaf, wide 10～15cm, 11～13 of master pulse projections, base goes out, and lateral vein is netted.Blade face gauffer or level and smooth, heart wedge shape or wide oval, or the gradually sharp one-tenth shape of tail of ellipse.The long 5cm of petiole, purple, dark or shallow.Flower, dioecism.Male flower forms spike, and conical inflorescence is sagging, 1～4 inflorescence consor axil, 6 pieces in perianth, 6 pieces on stamen.Female flower is spike, and and be born in axil, 6 pieces in perianth, the base portion associating, column cap 3 splits.Fruit is a capsule, tool 3 wings, oblong, base portion is less, head is bigger, the tool groove, intensive be born on the infructescence axle or with the sparse arrangement of infructescence axle into about the angles of 60 degree.Opened flower in 1 year twice, for the first time 3～June of florescence, have no result substantially, even the minority fruit is arranged, also because of on the occasion of rainy season, the mold of seed can not give over to kind of a usefulness.8～October of florescence for the second time, 3～April of next year fruit maturation, the result is more, can make kind of a usefulness.Seed, ovary is the next, Room 3, seed the central authorities of being born in every chamber, and there is two pieces in seed every chamber, folds on another piece for one piece, and 0.4～0.6cm interlaces.The seed brown, circle, the tool brown approaches wing, the upper end broad, the lower end is narrower.Stem tuber and root, stem tuber shape such as palmate, what have is bar-shaped storied, different, divides back of the body abdomen two sides, the tender white of new stem tuber children, little Huang.Old stem tuber is drying shrinkage not, and coarse, the pitchy of crust, new stem tuber extend on old stem tuber or the hyperplasia growth.Root system main be born in the outside of belly, very flourishing.Eye is arranged on the stem tuber, and naked eyes are difficult to identification.
The position that utilizes of Dioscorea camposita is the plant stem tuber, and the sapogenin that extracts from its stem tuber is the primary raw material of various natural steroid hormone medicines.Synthetic production as hormone medicine prednisone, cortisone, progesterone and contraceptive Norethisterone Compound, compound norethindrone acetate, compound chlormadinone etc. all is primary raw material with the diosgenin.The Chinese yam saponin that is rich in the Dioscorea camposita then is mainly used in the medicine of production for treating arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease.In addition, be rich in starch in the Chinese yam stem tuber, can fully utilize production alcohol.
Along with the continuous excavation of Dioscorea camposita medical value, its market demand also is being on the increase.If the simple wild plant resource that relies on, not only raw material supply is difficult to guarantee, production cost is higher, and can cause huge destruction to wild resource, makes that development is unsustainable.Existing Dioscorea camposita artificial breeding method mainly contains two kinds: a kind of is to utilize the seminal propagation nursery stock, but because the seed sterile grain rate of Dioscorea camposita is higher, therefore is difficult to obtain a large amount of, full seed.Another kind method is to utilize stem tuber to breed, and this method need consume a large amount of stem tuber materials, and it is very irregular to germinate; Simultaneously, tissue culture needs special laboratory and equipment, and the nursery stock production cost is higher, is difficult to satisfy the needs of large-scale planting.For these problems, there is no good solution in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of cuttage breeding method of Dioscorea camposita is provided, and guarantees for large-scale planting provides sufficient nursery stock.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
Except as otherwise noted, percentage of the present invention is percetage by weight.
The invention provides a kind of cuttage breeding method of Dioscorea camposita, this method adopts the step of following order:
1, gathers cutting: select the Dioscorea camposita stem of diameter 1～2.5mm, the life of 2～6 months ages climing, gather standby as transplanting a cutting;
2, cut plugged ear: with the climing plugged ear that is cut into long 6～8cm of standby stem, each plugged ear is answered axillalry bud of tool and the complete leaf of a slice in the shade, and the plugged ear base portion is cut into the inclined-plane apart from axillalry bud 1～1.5cm place, and the plugged ear upper end cuts flat;
3, dip-dye, cuttage: the plugged ear base portion placed the root-inducing powder aqueous solution to soak or places the root-inducing powder pulvis to dip in dye medicinal powder, and according to a conventional method cuttage in matrix, spacing in the rows 3～4cm, line-spacing 6～8cm, 3～4 centimetres of the degree of depth, the control shade rate is 80%～90%;
4, seedbed management: the seedbed after the cuttage should be watered sufficient water immediately, and with 800 times of liquid pourings of carbendazol wettable powder once, waters by normal water management later on; When the plugged ear major part is taken root, when sprouting, shade rate can be reduced to 40%～60%, technology carries out can transplanting after hardening is handled routinely.
The described plugged ear of step (3) is contaminated and is specially: add the sucrose of percentage by weight 2% in the ABT of the 100PPM root-inducing powder aqueous solution, after stirring, place above-mentioned solution to soak cuttage after 1～2 hour the plugged ear base portion; Or after placing the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution of 1000PPM to soak for 5 seconds the plugged ear base portion, take out and place cuttage again after 1 hour; Or after placing the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution of 500PPM to soak for 10～15 seconds the plugged ear base portion, take out and place cuttage again after 1 hour; Or place the liquid medicine of 800 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder to soak the plugged ear base portion, and place ABT root-inducing powder pulvis then, dip in and dye cuttage behind the medicinal powder.
Described ABT root-inducing powder pulvis, its compound method is: get 1 gram ABT root-inducing powder, the alcohol 500ml with 95% fully dissolves back adding 500 and digests stone flour, stirs and soaks fossil meal, and airing becomes pulvis standby then.
The degree of depth that the plugged ear base portion soaks is 3cm.
It is 2cm that the plugged ear base portion dips in the length of dying medicinal powder.
The described cutting medium of step (3) is clean fine sand.
The described cutting medium of step (3) can also be made up of the raw material of following weight percentage: river sand 75%, dragon's blood slag 15% and fertilizer 10%.
After the cuttage, if the weather sweltering heat should be sprayed once with clear water every 0.5～1 hour, and be continued for 1～2 week.
The present invention is directed to the Dioscorea camposita stem overgrow long fast, be convenient to gather and transplant a cutting, adopt characteristics such as sprout easily the back, breeding rate is big, a kind of cuttage breeding method easy and simple to handle, with low cost is provided.Experiment shows, nearly 100,000 strains of this method per mu yield dioscorea composita seedling were planted after the transplantation of seedlings 3 years, and the bright stem tuber of per mu yield can reach 6000 kilograms, and dried stem tuber saponin content reaches 3～4%, can satisfy need of industrial production fully.Guarantee for enterprise produces the raw material that provides sufficient on the one hand, also protected wild resource simultaneously, have better market prospect.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but they are not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Select that physical features is smooth, loosing soil, the plot of watering easily do the elite stand garden.Plough the back comprehensively and plant seedling, cool canopy is set by seeding row spacing 20 * 30cm kind.Cool canopy is high 2.5 meters, shade rate 50%～60%.When growth of seedling has the winding ability, plug little bamboo or bamboo chip (long 200cm, 20cm buries), allow plants stems is climing upwards climbs.By water and fertilizer management and to the adjusting of underground stem tuber growing state, the climing diameter of control stem is between 1～2.5mm.When elite stand growth reaches when adopting the fringe standard, from the elite stand garden clip give birth to for 2～June, diameter 1～2.5mm, the plants stems of dark green leaf is climing transplants a cutting.In the shade cutting is cut into long 6～8cm, has the plugged ear of an axillalry bud and a slice intact leaves.The plugged ear base portion is cut into the inclined-plane apart from axillalry bud 1～1.5cm place, and the upper end cuts flat, and requires clip level and smooth.For the ease of operation, tie into one by 50 plugged ears, then the plugged ear base portion is placed the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution of 100PPM to soak 1.5 hours, in the described ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution, add 2% sucrose, soaking depth 3cm.Casting bed is made furrow, and furrow are high 15 centimetres, and is wide 120 centimetres, long 10 meters.Casting bed is built in the booth, is 80%～90% with two-layer sunshade network control system shade rate, relative moisture 80%～90%.To press seeding row spacing 4 * 8cm cuttage in casting bed through the plugged ear after the immersion treatment, 3 centimetres of the degree of depth.
Cutting time preferably carries out at cloudy day or morning and evening.Water sufficient water after the cuttage immediately, and with 800 times of liquid pourings of 50% carbendazol wettable powder once.During sweltering heat weather, also should spray once (the available atomizer spray that does not have little spray condition) with clear water, continue for 1～2 week every 0.5～1 hour.Water by normal water management later on.Take root, when sprouting, can remove one deck sunshade net when the plugged ear major part, shade rate is reduced to 50%.Carry out hardening by the cultivating seedlings requirement, strengthen water and fertilizer management, promote growth of seedling.When seedling grows tubercle when reaching more than 3 centimetres, can transplant the land for growing field crops.
Embodiment 2
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: the plugged ear base portion soaked 1 hour in the ABT of the 100PPM root-inducing powder aqueous solution.
Embodiment 3
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: the plugged ear base portion soaked 2 hours in the ABT of the 100PPM root-inducing powder aqueous solution.
Embodiment 4
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: the plugged ear base portion soaked for 5 seconds in the ABT of the 1000PPM root-inducing powder aqueous solution, took out the back and placed shady and cool place's cuttage again in 1 hour.
Embodiment 5
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: the plugged ear base portion soaked for 10 seconds in the ABT of the 500PPM root-inducing powder aqueous solution, took out then and placed shady and cool place's cuttage again in 1 hour.
Embodiment 6
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: the plugged ear base portion soaked for 15 seconds in the ABT of the 500PPM root-inducing powder aqueous solution, took out then and placed shady and cool place's cuttage again in 1 hour.
Embodiment 7
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: get 1 gram ABT root-inducing powder, the alcohol 500ml with 95% fully dissolves back adding 500 and digests stone flour, stirs and soaks fossil meal, and airing becomes pulvis standby then.The plugged ear base portion is soaked in 800 times of liquid liquid medicine of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, dip in the above-mentioned ABT root-inducing powder pulvis for preparing then, dipping in the degree of depth of dying medicinal powder is 2cm, makes that medicinal powder is coated to carry out cuttage again on the plugged ear base portion.
Embodiment 8
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: in composite interstitial substance, the weight of composite interstitial substance consists of with the plugged ear cuttage: river sand 75%, dragon's blood slag 15%, fertilizer 10%.
Embodiment 9
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference arranged: will through the plugged ear after the immersion treatment press seeding row spacing 3 *
The 6cm cuttage is in casting bed.
Embodiment 10
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: when the plugged ear major part is taken root, when sprouting, shade rate is reduced to 40%.
Embodiment 11
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: when the plugged ear major part is taken root, when sprouting, shade rate is reduced to 60%.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of cuttage breeding method of Dioscorea camposita, this method adopts the step of following order:
(1) gather cutting: select diameter 1～2.5mm, the Dioscorea camposita stem of 2～6 months ages life is climing as transplanting a cutting, and gathers standby;
(2) cut plugged ear: with the climing plugged ear that is cut into long 6～8cm of standby stem, each plugged ear is answered axillalry bud of tool and the complete leaf of a slice in the shade, is cut into the inclined-plane apart from the plugged ear base portion at axillalry bud 1～1.5cm place, cuts flat on the plugged ear;
(3) dip-dye, cuttage: place the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution of 100PPM～1000PPM to soak or place ABT root-inducing powder pulvis to dip in the plugged ear base portion and dye medicinal powder, and according to a conventional method cuttage in matrix, spacing in the rows 3～4cm, line-spacing 6～8cm, 3～4 centimetres of the cuttage degree of depth, the control shade rate is 80%～90%; Described ABT root-inducing powder pulvis, its compound method is: get 1 gram ABT root-inducing powder, the alcohol 500ml with 95% fully dissolves back adding 500 and digests stone flour, stirs and soaks fossil meal, and airing becomes pulvis then;
(4) seedbed management: the seedbed after the cuttage should be watered sufficient water immediately, and with 800 times of liquid pourings of carbendazol wettable powder once, waters by normal water management later on; When the plugged ear major part is taken root and is sprouted, shade rate is reduced to 40%～60%, technology carries out transplanting after hardening is handled routinely.
2, Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sucrose that in the ABT of the 100PPM root-inducing powder aqueous solution, adds percentage by weight 2%, after stirring, place above-mentioned solution to soak cuttage after 1～2 hour the plugged ear base portion.
3, Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after placing the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution of 1000PPM to soak for 5 seconds the plugged ear base portion, take out and place cuttage again after 1 hour.
4, Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after placing the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution of 500PPM to soak for 10～15 seconds the plugged ear base portion, take out and place cuttage again after 1 hour.
5, according to claim 2 or 3 or 4 described Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding methods, it is characterized in that: the degree of depth that the plugged ear base portion soaks is 3cm.
6, Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: place the liquid medicine of 800 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder to soak the plugged ear base portion, place ABT root-inducing powder pulvis then, dip in and dye cuttage behind the medicinal powder.
7, Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: it is 2cm that the plugged ear base portion dips in the degree of depth of dying medicinal powder.
8, Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described cutting medium of step (3) is clean fine sand.
9, Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described cutting medium of step (3) is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage: river sand 75%, dragon's blood slag 15% and fertilizer 10%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006101638091A CN100518499C (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2006-12-13 | Dioscorea composite Hemsl. cutting propagation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006101638091A CN100518499C (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2006-12-13 | Dioscorea composite Hemsl. cutting propagation method |
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| CN1994071A CN1994071A (en) | 2007-07-11 |
| CN100518499C true CN100518499C (en) | 2009-07-29 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102640629B (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2014-01-01 | 深圳市中科时代生物科技有限公司 | Dioscorea composita cutting propagation method |
| CN102356726B (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-04-17 | 徐州市农业科学院 | Cuttage and rapid propagation method for eustipes of double leaf segments of purple yam |
| CN103210768A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-07-24 | 陕西理工学院 | Cutting seedling raising method of peltate yam rhizome |
| CN105612990A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 安徽有机良庄农业科技发展有限公司 | Solar greenhouse green plantation method for cherry tomatoes |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1701658A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2005-11-30 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Method of propagation by cuttings for dracaena cochinchinensis SC chen |
| CN1732755A (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2006-02-15 | 陈新荣 | Application of cuttage rapid propagating method in dioscorea composita seedling propagation |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1701658A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2005-11-30 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Method of propagation by cuttings for dracaena cochinchinensis SC chen |
| CN1732755A (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2006-02-15 | 陈新荣 | Application of cuttage rapid propagating method in dioscorea composita seedling propagation |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 菊叶薯蓣栽培技术. 谭林彩.农村实用技术，第8期. 2004 |
| 菊叶薯蓣栽培技术. 谭林彩.农村实用技术，第8期. 2004 * |
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