CN104686147A - Large-scale mappia pittosporoides seedling and cultivation method - Google Patents
Large-scale mappia pittosporoides seedling and cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686147A CN104686147A CN201510084021.0A CN201510084021A CN104686147A CN 104686147 A CN104686147 A CN 104686147A CN 201510084021 A CN201510084021 A CN 201510084021A CN 104686147 A CN104686147 A CN 104686147A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Abstract
The invention provides a large-scale mappia pittosporoides direct seeding and seedling method. The method includes a series of steps such as nursery site requirements for mappia pittosporoides direct seeding and seedling, greenhouse erection and compartment division, seed pretreatment, seeding, management before germination, preliminary management after germination, seedling transplantation, field management after transplantation, etc. Seedlings obtained through the method achieve a low infection rate, high robustness, a high transplantation survival rate, as well as strong rootstocks; the operation is simple and convenient; the method is applicable for propagation technologies for mappia pittosporoides field seedling, and overcomes the limitations of the conventional seedling technologies.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to modern Chinese herbal medicine cultivation technology field, relate to a kind of mappia foetida seed sowing and cultivate without the scale breeding of courses of infection mappia foetida seedling and cultivation method.
Background technology
Mappia foetida, has another name called public yellow pearl, starflowerlike loosestrife root or herb, belongs to Icacinaceae plant, perennial brushwood.Branch has rib, and by pubescence, rear change is without hair, and bud is by pubescence.Leaf alternate or branch top are closely to life; The long 1-3cm of petiole, the wide dark essence of upper mask, by strigose in groove; Blade Long Circle or the lanceolar that falls, long 7-24cm, wide 2-4.5cm, the long gradually point of tip, base portion wedge shape, Quan Yuan, above dirty-green, tool gloss; Middle arteries and veins is recessed, lateral vein 6-7 couple, arc Qu Shangsheng, away from leaf margin place anastomose.Flower both sexes or polygamy, cyme top is raw, is about 7cm, and total stalk, branch, rhachis are usually flat, are slightly lied prostrate hair, the long 1-2mm of bennet; Calyx is green, and bell, be about 2mm, outside is rare is slightly lied prostrate hair, 5 carnassial tooths, carnassial tooth triangle; Petal is yellow, and linear, warp, is about 7mm, wide about 2mm; Stamen 5, is about 5mm, the long 4-5mm of filigree, and base portion is slightly thick, and flower pesticide is avette; Ovary is subsphaeroidal, and by long bristle, style is green, is about 2mm, column cap head; Floral disc meat, the irregular sliver of tool or dark knuckle-tooth, the inside is dredged by long bristle, and during fruit, place is deposited.Drupe is oval, slightly flat, and young fruit is green, turns yellow, and be red time ripe, long 1-2cm, footpath 0.6-0.8cm, tip obvious tool squama navel, has calyx place to deposit.The florescence 4-6 month, the fruit phase 6-8 month.Mainly be distributed in the ground such as Gansu, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou.
Contain the methoxy derivatives of camptothecine and camptothecine in mappia foetida root skin, its active ingredient is more than three times of Common Camptotheca Fruit, and the content of camptothecine reaches 0.8%.In mappia foetida, active constituent content is relevant with the growth year of wild mappia foetida, and the wild mappia foetida content generally more than 10 years is more consistent.So can resource exhaustion be caused with the extraction of wild mappia foetida, the output of its camptothecine also can be caused unstable.
The main modes of reproduction of existing mappia foetida is root Proliferatin and seminal propagation, and root Proliferatin is vulnerable to restricted number, kind matter is easily degenerated, easily carried germ and insect.Tissue culture breeding easily causes high cost, seedling transport trouble, and current seed propagation seedling is mainly through sowing after greenhouse vernalization, the vernalization of seed greenhouse needs to build special germinating cabinet, needs special messenger to keep an eye on, and constantly stirs, easily cause when temperature, water management are not good at burning kind of a bad bud, more crisp owing to newly sprouting, easily break when stirring bud, due to caring between bud and bud during sowing, not easily evenly sow, and can mechanical damage be caused, disconnected bud bad bud, bacteria infection.So far the experimental study report that before also not having mappia foetida, stubble variety of crops affects nursery, seedbed land used is without selection gist, the specification of selecting cannot carrying out seedbed land used is selected, production occurs land used arbitrarily, nursery soil deals with improperly, seedbed serious, seedling susceptible gene and the higher serious problems of lethality in spite of illness; Because seedling carries germ and insect in nursery, after transplanting, root system easily rots, plant generation disease and cause that lethality is high, susceptible gene is high, and damage by disease and insect wide-scale distribution, brings grievous injury to production.Also useful mappia foetida seed carries out the report of program request plantation, and the method is produced lack of standardization, can not meet the requirement of large-scale production.
According to long-term laboratory practices; we have invented the nursery of a kind of application booth scale seed sowing, seedling susceptible gene is low, seedling body healthy and strong, transplanting survival rate is high, easy and simple to handle, rhizome is sturdy; be applicable to the propagation technique of mappia foetida field seedling raising, overcome the limitation of existing nursery skill technology.
Summary of the invention
The technical solution used in the present invention comprises:
1. the nursery selection of land of mappia foetida seed sowing nursery requires: nursery is new reclamation of wasteland level land or ground, gentle slope, well draining rice field, and soil property is sandy loam, and avoiding with garden mould and front stubble is commodity mappia foetida ground, and first year is whole well, cultivates the dark 20cm of soil;
2. railway carriage or compartment opened by scaffolding: the high 1.8 ~ 2.0m of canopy, and determine that canopy is wide and canopy is long according to physical features, 1 ~ 2 mu is a canopy, wide 1.2 ~ the 1.5m in railway carriage or compartment, when point whole ground, railway carriage or compartment, every mu applies Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 50kg and makes base manure, evenly digs in soil, fully mix with soil, behind face, smooth railway carriage or compartment, cover the thick preparation matrix of 5cm.
3. seed treatment: clean seed with water, removes flat kind.Before sowing, mappia foetida seed 100ppm gibberellin+500 times of carbendazim+1000 times of thiophanate methyl solution constant temperature soak 1 evening (12h), solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 DEG C, and next day is pulled out, drains away the water, admix the ash of 5 ~ 10 times amount seeds, ash mixes with seed.
4. sowing time and mode: late Febuary is to early March, even sowing, every mu of sowing 3 ~ 8kg (about 85.5 ten thousand, mature seed accounts for 70%), uniform fold matrix 2cm, with mist (mist more than height 1m, in order to avoid because droplet velocities is too fast, cross ambassador railway carriage or compartment panel knot), is drenched in face, railway carriage or compartment with sprayer, build 30cm height Small plastic shed.3 leaf after dates, in booth, diurnal temperature can keep removing shed after more than 25 DEG C.
5. manage before emerging
(1) temperature and humidity management: railway carriage or compartment surface temperature keeps more than 25 DEG C, according to the weather conditions in local 3 ~ April, buried temperature line heats up; Canopy humidity 80-85%.
(2) rich water quality management: every 2 ~ 3h checks once, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, supplements face, railway carriage or compartment moisture, until emerge more than 70% with sprayer with mist.
6. the prophase management after emerging
(1) rich water quality management: after emergence rate reaches 70%, spraying moisturizing is carried out to spray through soil earth according to face, railway carriage or compartment drying regime, by means of using sprayer spray nutritious liquor during moisturizing, once spraying I nutrient solution one month according to 6 days, spraying I nutrient solution 50kg/ mu at every turn.To getting the seedling stage after one month, within every 6 days, spraying No. II nutrient solution, applying nutrient solution 150 ~ 200kg/ mu at every turn.
(2) extermination of disease and insect pest: as pest damage under insight can fill with pouring 90% trichlorphon 800 times of liquid in harm place diameter 1m, foliar pest can spray 90% trichlorphon, 800 times of liquid.
7. go out transplantation of seedlings
Late April starts to carry out seedling replanting, selects that more than 10cm plant height, well developed root system are healthy and strong, look white, the healthy seedling of tree stem girth diameter 0.3 ~ more than 0.8cm is at fine day or cloudy balled transplanting.Within before getting seedling 1 ~ 2 day, remove terminal bud and spray II nutrient solution 150 ~ 200kg/ mu.
8. manage after field-transplanting
After transplanting Second Year, the annual the first tenday period of a month in May spray an II nutrient solution, apply II nutrient solution 150 ~ 200kg/ mu at every turn, annual by the end of April before prune caulody and side shoot, make plant maintain 1.5 ~ 2.5m.
The compound method of described matrix is: (1) newly opens up wasteland soil: 10 ~ 20 order river sands are 1:1; (2) newly to open up wasteland soil: 10 ~ 20 order slags are 1:1.
Described I nutrient solution prescription is NH
4nO
3100mg/L, urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, KH
2pO
450mg/L.
Described II nutrient solution prescription is urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, KH
2pO
460mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.8mg/L, H
3bO
340mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 120mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 50mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 2mg/L, FeSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, 20mg/L mepiquat chloride (DPC).
Technique effect
1, require to have carried out specification to mappia foetida nursery selection of land, carry out selection of land, land used and soil treatment by the present invention's regulation, seedling susceptible gene is extremely low, seedling replanting survival rate more than 98%;
2, seedling is healthy and strong, leaf bottle green, and root system is many, thick, look white, and rhizome is sturdy, more than diameter 0.4cm, grows vigorous;
3, seedling density is large, and unit are produces seedling amount greatly, remarkable benefit;
4, apply the nutrient formulation of 2 kinds of science, for each vegetative stage of seedling provides rational nutritive proportion, ensure that the various nutritive elements required for growth of seedling;
5, Pesticide use reduces, and fertilizer utilization efficiency is high;
6, get seedling easily, conveniently, be completely cured few, work consuming is few, and after balled transplanting, root growth is rapid;
7, can nursery more than 3 years continuously by the process of the replacing of medium of seedling bed, soil, improve the service efficiency of booth, reduce production cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 seedbed is the mappia foetida Seedlings nursery of new open up wasteland soil and slag
Fig. 2 seedbed is the mappia foetida Seedlings nursery of new open up wasteland soil and river sand
Embodiment
Below, the present invention will be further detailed by embodiment, but it is not limited to any one or similar example of these embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
Select East and West direction newly reclamation of wasteland level land sandy loam 1 mu, first winter in year plough, whole, rake, build 2m height booth, open railway carriage or compartment by 1.3m, apply Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 100kg when face, railway carriage or compartment is smooth and make base manure, face, railway carriage or compartment is carefully whole.Newly join soil (soil of newly opening up wasteland: the river sand that sieves is 1:1) face, railway carriage or compartment upper berth 5cm is thick again, leveling.Eluriating seed with newly drawing well water, removing flat kind.Before sowing, mappia foetida seed 1% mepiquat chloride+300 times of carbendazim solution constant temperature soak 1 evening (12h), and solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 DEG C, and next day is pulled out, drains away the water, and admixes the ash of 10 times amount seeds, mixes.March 5 was sowed, and evenly sowed 4kg, and cover and newly join native 2cm, drenched in face, railway carriage or compartment with mist with sprayer, face, railway carriage or compartment bamboo chip builds 30cm height Small plastic shed.When diurnal temperature in booth can keep removing shed after more than 25 DEG C.
Manage before emerging: railway carriage or compartment surface temperature keeps more than 25 DEG C, according to the weather conditions in local 3 ~ April, buried temperature line heats up; Canopy humidity 80-85%.Every 2 ~ 3h checks once, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, supplements face, railway carriage or compartment moisture, until emerge more than 70% with sprayer with mist.
Prophase management after emerging: after emergence rate reaches 70%, carries out spraying moisturizing to spray through soil earth according to face, railway carriage or compartment drying regime, by means of using sprayer spray nutritious liquor during moisturizing, once spraying I nutrient solution one month according to 6 days, spraying I nutrient solution 50kg at every turn.To getting the seedling stage after one month, within every 6 days, spraying No. II nutrient solution, applying nutrient solution 150kg at every turn.I nutrient solution prescription: NH
4nO
3100mg/L, urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, KH
2pO
450mg/L.II nutrient solution prescription: urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, KH
2pO
460mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.8mg/L, H
3bO
340mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 120mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 50mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 2mg/L, FeSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, mepiquat chloride 20mg/L (DPC).As pest damage under insight can fill with pouring 90% trichlorphon 800 times of liquid in harm place diameter 1m, foliar pest can spray 90% trichlorphon, 800 times of liquid.
Go out transplantation of seedlings: late April starts to carry out mappia foetida transplantation of seedlings, select that more than 10cm plant height, well developed root system are healthy and strong, look white, the healthy seedling of tree stem girth diameter 0.3 ~ more than 0.8cm is at fine day or cloudy balled transplanting.Within before getting seedling 1 ~ 2 day, remove terminal bud and spray an II nutrient solution 150kg/ mu.Mappia foetida growth of cereal crop seedlings condition is educated in table 1 by institute.
Manage after field-transplanting: from Second Year after transplanting, the annual the first tenday period of a month in May spray an II nutrient solution, apply nutrient solution 150kg/ mu at every turn, prune caulody and side shoot before by the end of April to annual, make plant maintain about 2.0m.
Comparative examples:
Select East and West direction newly reclamation of wasteland level land sandy loam 1 mu, first winter in year plough, whole, rake, build 2m height booth, open railway carriage or compartment by 1.3m, apply Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 100kg when face, railway carriage or compartment is smooth and make base manure, face, railway carriage or compartment is carefully whole.Newly join soil (soil of newly opening up wasteland: the river sand that sieves is 1:1) face, railway carriage or compartment upper berth 5cm is thick again, leveling.Eluriating seed with newly drawing well water, removing flat kind.Before sowing, mappia foetida seed 300 times of carbendazim solution constant temperature soak 1 evening (12h), and solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 DEG C, and next day is pulled out, drains away the water, and admixes the ash of 10 times amount seeds, mixes.March 5 was sowed, and evenly sowed 4kg, and cover and newly join native 2cm, drenched in face, railway carriage or compartment with mist with sprayer, face, railway carriage or compartment bamboo chip builds 30cm height Small plastic shed.When diurnal temperature in booth can keep removing shed after more than 25 DEG C.
Manage before emerging: railway carriage or compartment surface temperature keeps more than 25 DEG C, according to the weather conditions in local 3 ~ April, buried temperature line heats up; Canopy humidity 80-85%.Every 2 ~ 3h checks once, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, supplements face, railway carriage or compartment moisture, until emerge more than 70% with sprayer with mist.
Prophase management after emerging: after emergence rate reaches 70%, spraying moisturizing is carried out to spray through soil earth according to face, railway carriage or compartment drying regime, by means of using sprayer spray nutritious liquor during moisturizing, once spraying I nutrient solution one month according to 6 days, spraying I nutrient solution 50kg/ mu at every turn.To getting the seedling stage after one month, within every 6 days, spraying No. II nutrient solution, applying nutrient solution 150kg at every turn.I nutrient solution prescription: NH
4nO
3100mg/L, urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, KH
2pO
450mg/L.II nutrient solution prescription: urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, KH
2pO
460mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.8mg/L, H
3bO
340mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 120mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 50mg/L, NaMo
42H
2o 2mg/L, FeSO
47H
2o 100mg/L.As pest damage under insight can fill with pouring 90% trichlorphon 800 times of liquid in harm place diameter 1m, foliar pest can spray 90% trichlorphon, 800 times of liquid.
Go out transplantation of seedlings: late April starts to carry out seedling replanting, select that more than 10cm plant height, well developed root system are healthy and strong, look white, the healthy seedling of rhizome more than diameter 0.3cm is at fine day or cloudy balled transplanting.Within before getting seedling 1 ~ 2 day, remove terminal bud and spray an II nutrient solution 150kg, the results are shown in Table 1.
Manage after field-transplanting: from Second Year after transplanting, the annual the first tenday period of a month in May spray an II nutrient solution, apply nutrient solution 150kg/ mu at every turn, prune caulody and side shoot before by the end of April to annual, make plant maintain 2.0m.
Embodiment 2:
Select the well-drained paddy field of East and West direction 1 mu, front stubble is paddy rice, sand, first winter in year ploughs, whole, rake, build 2m height booth, open railway carriage or compartment by 1.3m, apply Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 100kg when face, railway carriage or compartment is smooth and make base manure, face, railway carriage or compartment is carefully whole.Newly join soil (soil of newly opening up wasteland: river sand is 1:1) face, railway carriage or compartment upper berth 5cm is thick again, leveling.Eluriating seed with newly drawing well water, removing flat kind.Before sowing, mappia foetida seed 1% mepiquat chloride+300 times of carbendazim solution constant temperature soak 1 evening (12h), and solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 DEG C, and next day is pulled out, drains away the water, and admixes the ash of 10 times amount seeds, mixes.March 5 was sowed, and evenly sowed 4kg, and cover and newly join native 2cm, drenched in face, railway carriage or compartment with mist with sprayer, face, railway carriage or compartment bamboo chip builds 30cm height Small plastic shed.When diurnal temperature in booth can keep removing shed after more than 25 DEG C.
Manage before emerging: railway carriage or compartment surface temperature keeps more than 25 DEG C, according to the weather conditions in local 3 ~ April, buried temperature line heats up; Canopy humidity 80-85%.Every 2 ~ 3h checks once, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, supplements face, railway carriage or compartment moisture, until emerge more than 70% with sprayer with mist.
Prophase management after emerging: after emergence rate reaches 70%, carries out spraying moisturizing to spray through soil earth according to face, railway carriage or compartment drying regime, by means of using sprayer spray nutritious liquor during moisturizing, once spraying I nutrient solution one month according to 6 days, spraying I nutrient solution 50kg at every turn.To getting the seedling stage after one month, within every 6 days, spraying No. II nutrient solution, applying nutrient solution 200kg at every turn.I nutrient solution prescription: NH
4nO
3100mg/L, urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, KH
2pO
450mg/L.II nutrient solution prescription: urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, KH
2pO
460mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.8mg/L, H
3bO
340mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 120mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 50mg/L, NaMo
42H
2o 2mg/L, FeSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, mepiquat chloride 20mg/L (DPC).As pest damage under insight can fill with pouring 90% trichlorphon 800 times of liquid in harm place diameter 1m, foliar pest can spray 90% trichlorphon, 800 times of liquid.
Go out transplantation of seedlings: late April starts to carry out seedling replanting, select that more than 10cm plant height, well developed root system are healthy and strong, look white, the healthy seedling of tree stem girth diameter 0.3 ~ more than 0.8cm is at fine day or cloudy balled transplanting.Within before getting seedling 1 ~ 2 day, remove terminal bud and spray an II nutrient solution 150kg, the results are shown in Table 1.
Manage after field-transplanting: after transplanting Second Year, the annual the first tenday period of a month in May spray an II nutrient solution, apply nutrient solution 200kg/ mu at every turn, annual by the end of April before prune caulody and side shoot, make plant maintain 2.0 ~ 2.5m.
Embodiment 3:
Select East and West direction newly reclamation of wasteland level land sandy loam 1 mu, first winter in year plough, whole, rake, build 2m height booth, open railway carriage or compartment by 1.3m, apply Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 100kg when face, railway carriage or compartment is smooth and make base manure, face, railway carriage or compartment is carefully whole.Newly join soil (soil of newly opening up wasteland: slag is 1:1) face, railway carriage or compartment upper berth 5cm is thick again, leveling.Eluriating seed with newly drawing well water, removing flat kind.Before sowing, mappia foetida seed 1% mepiquat chloride+300 times of carbendazim solution constant temperature soak 1 evening (12h), and solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 DEG C, and next day is pulled out, drains away the water, and admixes the ash of 10 times amount seeds, mixes.March 5 was sowed, and evenly sowed 4kg, and cover and newly join native 2cm, drenched in face, railway carriage or compartment with mist with sprayer, face, railway carriage or compartment bamboo chip builds 30cm height Small plastic shed.When diurnal temperature in booth can keep removing shed after more than 25 DEG C.
Manage before emerging: railway carriage or compartment surface temperature keeps more than 25 DEG C, according to the weather conditions in local 3 ~ April, buried temperature line heats up; Canopy humidity 80-85%.Every 2 ~ 3h checks once, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, supplements face, railway carriage or compartment moisture, until emerge more than 70% with sprayer with mist.
Prophase management after emerging: after emergence rate reaches 70%, carries out spraying moisturizing to spray through soil earth according to face, railway carriage or compartment drying regime, by means of using sprayer spray nutritious liquor during moisturizing, once spraying I nutrient solution one month according to 6 days, spraying I nutrient solution 50kg at every turn.To getting the seedling stage after one month, within every 6 days, spraying No. II nutrient solution, applying nutrient solution 200kg at every turn.I nutrient solution prescription: NH
4nO
3100mg/L, urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, KH
2pO
450mg/L.II nutrient solution prescription: urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, KH
2pO
460mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.8mg/L, H
3bO
340mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 120mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 50mg/L, NaMo
42H
2o 2mg/L, FeSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, mepiquat chloride 20mg/L (DPC).As pest damage under insight can fill with pouring 90% trichlorphon 800 times of liquid in harm place diameter 1m, foliar pest can spray 90% trichlorphon, 800 times of liquid.
Go out transplantation of seedlings: late April starts to carry out seedling replanting, select that more than 10cm plant height, well developed root system are healthy and strong, look white, the healthy seedling of tree stem girth diameter 0.3 ~ more than 0.8cm is at fine day or cloudy balled transplanting.Within before getting seedling 1 ~ 2 day, remove terminal bud and spray an II nutrient solution 150kg, the results are shown in Table 1.
Manage after field-transplanting: from Second Year after transplanting, the annual the first tenday period of a month in May spray an II nutrient solution, apply nutrient solution 200kg/ mu at every turn, prune caulody and side shoot before by the end of October to annual, make plant maintain 2.0 ~ 2.5m.
Embodiment 4:
Select well-drained 1 mu, the new reclamation of wasteland soil of East and West direction, first winter in year plough, whole, rake, build 2m height booth, open railway carriage or compartment by 1.3m, apply Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 100kg when face, railway carriage or compartment is smooth and make base manure, face, railway carriage or compartment is carefully whole.Newly join soil (soil of newly opening up wasteland: the slag that sieves is 1:1) face, railway carriage or compartment upper berth 5cm is thick again, leveling.Eluriating seed with newly drawing well water, removing flat kind.Before sowing, mappia foetida seed 1% mepiquat chloride+300 times of carbendazim solution constant temperature soak 1 evening (12h), and solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 DEG C, and next day is pulled out, drains away the water, and admixes the ash of 10 times amount seeds, mixes.March 5 was sowed, and evenly sowed 4kg, and cover and newly join native 2cm, drenched in face, railway carriage or compartment with mist with sprayer, face, railway carriage or compartment bamboo chip builds 30cm height Small plastic shed.When diurnal temperature in booth can keep removing shed after more than 25 DEG C.
Manage before emerging: railway carriage or compartment surface temperature keeps more than 25 DEG C, according to the weather conditions in local 3 ~ April, buried temperature line heats up; Canopy humidity 80-85%.Every 2 ~ 3h checks once, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, supplements face, railway carriage or compartment moisture, until emerge more than 70% with sprayer with mist.
Prophase management after emerging: after emergence rate reaches 70%, carries out spraying moisturizing to spray through soil earth according to face, railway carriage or compartment drying regime, by means of using sprayer spray nutritious liquor during moisturizing, once spraying I nutrient solution one month according to 6 days, spraying I nutrient solution 50kg at every turn.To getting the seedling stage after one month, within every 6 days, spraying No. II nutrient solution, applying nutrient solution 150kg at every turn.I nutrient solution prescription: NH
4nO
3100mg/L, urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, KH
2pO
450mg/L.II nutrient solution prescription: urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, KH
2pO
460mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.8mg/L, H
3bO
340mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 120mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 50mg/L, NaMo
42H
2o 2mg/L, FeSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, mepiquat chloride 20mg/L (DPC).As pest damage under insight can fill with pouring 90% trichlorphon 800 times of liquid in harm place diameter 1m, foliar pest can spray 90% trichlorphon, 800 times of liquid.
Go out transplantation of seedlings: late April starts to carry out seedling replanting, select that more than 10cm plant height, well developed root system are healthy and strong, look white, the healthy seedling of tree stem girth diameter 0.3 ~ more than 0.8cm is at fine day or cloudy balled transplanting.Within before getting seedling 1 ~ 2 day, remove terminal bud and spray an II nutrient solution 150kg, the results are shown in Table 1.
Manage after field-transplanting: from Second Year after transplanting, the annual the first tenday period of a month in May spray an II nutrient solution, apply nutrient solution 150kg/ mu at every turn, prune caulody and side shoot before by the end of October to annual, make plant maintain about 2.0m.
Table 1
Claims (4)
1. mappia foetida scale breeding and cultivation method, comprising:
(1) the nursery selection of land of mappia foetida seed sowing nursery requires: nursery is new reclamation of wasteland level land or ground, gentle slope, well draining rice field, and soil property is sandy loam, and avoiding with garden mould and front stubble is commodity mappia foetida ground, and first year is whole well, cultivates the dark 20cm of soil;
(2) railway carriage or compartment opened by scaffolding: the high 1.8 ~ 2.0m of canopy, and determine that canopy is wide and canopy is long according to physical features, 1 ~ 2 mu is a canopy, wide 1.2 ~ the 1.5m in railway carriage or compartment, when point whole ground, railway carriage or compartment, every mu applies Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 50kg and makes base manure, evenly digs in soil, fully mix with soil, behind face, smooth railway carriage or compartment, cover the thick preparation matrix of 5cm;
(3) seed treatment: clean seed with water, remove flat kind, before sowing, mappia foetida seed 100ppm gibberellin+500 times of carbendazim+1000 times of thiophanate methyl solution constant temperature soak 12h, solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 DEG C, next day is pulled out, drain away the water, admix the ash of 5 ~ 10 times amount seeds, ash mixes with seed;
(4) sowing time and mode: late Febuary is to early March; Even sowing, every mu of sowing 3 ~ 8kg, uniform fold matrix 2cm, drenched in face, railway carriage or compartment with mist with sprayer, build 30cm height Small plastic shed, 3 leaf after dates, in booth, diurnal temperature can keep removing shed after more than 25 DEG C;
(5) manage before emerging: railway carriage or compartment surface temperature keeps more than 25 DEG C, according to the weather conditions in local 3 ~ April, buried temperature line heats up, canopy humidity 80-85%; Every 2 ~ 3h checks once, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, supplements face, railway carriage or compartment moisture, until emerge more than 70% with sprayer with mist;
(6) prophase management after emerging: after emergence rate reaches 70%, spraying moisturizing is carried out to spray through soil earth according to face, railway carriage or compartment drying regime, by means of using sprayer spray nutritious liquor during moisturizing, I nutrient solution one month is once sprayed according to 6 days, spray I nutrient solution 50kg/ mu at every turn, to getting the seedling stage after one month, within every 6 days, spraying No. II nutrient solution, applying nutrient solution 150 ~ 200kg/ mu at every turn; As pest damage under insight can fill with pouring 90% trichlorphon 800 times of liquid in harm place diameter 1m, foliar pest can spray 90% trichlorphon, 800 times of liquid;
(7) transplantation of seedlings is gone out: late April starts to carry out seedling replanting, select that more than 10cm plant height, well developed root system are healthy and strong, look white, the healthy seedling of tree stem girth diameter 0.3 ~ more than 0.8cm at fine day or cloudy balled transplanting, within before getting seedling 1 ~ 2 day, remove terminal bud and spray II nutrient solution 150 ~ 200kg/ mu;
(8) manage after field-transplanting: after transplanting Second Year, the annual the first tenday period of a month in May spray an II nutrient solution, apply II nutrient solution 150 ~ 200kg/ mu at every turn, annual by the end of April before prune caulody and side shoot, make plant maintain 1.5 ~ 2.5m.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein the compound method of step (2) described matrix is: (1) newly opens up wasteland soil: 10 ~ 20 order river sands are 1:1; (2) newly to open up wasteland soil: 10 ~ 20 order slags are 1:1, (3) 10 ~ 20 order river sands, (4) 10 ~ 20 order slags.
3. method according to claim 1, the wherein described I nutrient solution prescription of step (6): NH
4nO
3100mg/L, urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, KH
2pO
450mg/L.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein step (6), (7) and (8) described II nutrient solution prescription: urea 200mg/L, KNO
3300mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, KH
2pO
460mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.8mg/L, H
3bO
340mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 120mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 50mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 2mg/L, FeSO
47H
2o 100mg/L, 20mg/L mepiquat chloride.
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| CN107517689A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-29 | 长沙爱扬医药科技有限公司 | The method that nursery is carried out using acanthaceous indigo seed |
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