CN105075780B - A kind of walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents
A kind of walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN105075780B CN105075780B CN201510551456.1A CN201510551456A CN105075780B CN 105075780 B CN105075780 B CN 105075780B CN 201510551456 A CN201510551456 A CN 201510551456A CN 105075780 B CN105075780 B CN 105075780B
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- cup
- seedlings
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- walnut
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings, including variety selection, stock seed treatment, the preparation of walnut nutritious cup, seeding and seedling raising, nutritive cup seedlings transplanting, nutritive cup seedlings cutting strunk and grafting step.The present invention passes through nutrition cup nursery, choose excellent inexpensive matrix, nursery stock is set to make full use of original Nutrition Soil and moisture in nutrition cup, without slow seedling direct growth, there is the characteristics of drought-resistant, barren-resistant, the surrival rate of afforestation is high and advantage compared with exposed root and shoot forestation, and seedling root can be kept complete, do not destroy root system, the particularly system of taproot, the surrival rate of afforestation are high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to walnut seedling-raising technique field, and in particular to a kind of walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
At present, the continuous walnut in North China's walnut nursery generally use place or folder walnut make stock, disease resistance, winter resistance
Difference, Grafted Variety mix, bad adaptability, and generally plant is to be completely cured or break root, it is difficult to and keep seedling root complete, and on hills
Mountain area or nonirrigated farmland deserted mountain barren hill planting survival rate are low, and early growth is slow, the problems such as afforestation survival rate is low, occur planting trees every year
Lose the universal phenomenon of tree.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings, is adapted to the cultivation of North China's walnut, solves
It is difficult to keep seedling root complete in the walnut cultivation of prior art North China and is planted in Hills or nonirrigated farmland deserted mountain barren hill
Plant the problem of survival rate is low.
A kind of walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings, including variety selection, stock seed treatment, the preparation of walnut nutritious cup, sowing
Nursery, nutritive cup seedlings transplanting, nutritive cup seedlings cutting strunk and grafting step, are specifically followed the steps below：
Step 1, variety selection：Stock variety is used as using Adaptive Mechanisms of American Black Walnut；
Step 2, stock seed treatment：Stock seed is soaked in water first before sowing, then carries out sand storage；
Step 3, walnut nutritious cup prepares：The matrix mixed with perlite, sand, rural area soil and organic fertilizer is packed into
In nutrition cup；
Step 4, seeding and seedling raising：The seed that step 2 is handled well is put in the nutrition cup that step 3 prepares and sowed,
Nutrition cup is after planting well placed watering overlay film and carries out nursery；
Step 5, nutritive cup seedlings are transplanted：When being moved nutritive cup seedlings when nutritive cup seedlings highly reach 20-30cm after emergence
Plant；
Step 6, nutritive cup seedlings cutting strunk：In August early and middle ten dayses by nutritive cup seedlings cutting back to height of seedling half, spring 4 in next year
The moon, early and middle ten dayses cutting back was to away from ground 5-10cm；
Step 7, grafting：Local of one's native land breeding or excellent authorization high yield kind of the Grafted Variety from resistance.
The features of the present invention also resides in, and in step 2, immersion treatment is to soak stock seed in normal-temperature water, immersion
Time is 7 days or so, and the time of Sand culture is 20 days or so.
The features of the present invention also resides in, and the matrix in the nutrition cup of step 3 is according to perlite, sand, rural area soil, organic fertilizer
Mixed with mass ratio 2: 2: 5: 1.
The features of the present invention also resides in, and for the nutrition cup of step 3 to there is bottom container cup, specification is 21-25cm × 26-30cm.
The features of the present invention also resides in, and needs the vertical cup of seed suture in step 4, when seed is put in nutrition cup
Bottom, put depth about seed diameter 2 times or so.
The features of the present invention also resides in, and in step 4, sowing is in spring clear and bright front and rear progress.
The features of the present invention also resides in, and in steps of 5, nutritive cup seedlings transplanting is that deserted mountain barren hill is transplanted in mid-June
Or Hills region, nutritive cup seedlings are transplanted to scratch nutrition cup with the vertical bottom of a cup of blade when specified seedling is cheated and buried.
The features of the present invention also resides in, and in step 7, grafting is carried out using high-order spray square budding method.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1) method for culturing seedlings of the invention, its seed treatment, sowing, grafting are carried out in open fields, are that a kind of field is educated
Seedling technology, with difference of nursing young plants in hothouses.The seedling-raising technique of the present invention, its seedling raising environment and the growing environment after transplanting are essentially identical,
The growing environment of original root system is not destroyed during transplanting, survival rate is high, is not in slow seedling phenomenon；
2) present invention selects excellent stock-Adaptive Mechanisms of American Black Walnut stock of resistance fast growing, more used walnut nursery stock
The advantages of stock is resistant strong, growth potential is good, grafting affinity is good；
3) present invention chooses excellent inexpensive matrix, makes full use of nursery stock original in nutrition cup by nutrition cup nursery
Nutrition Soil and moisture, without slow seedling direct growth, there is drought-resistant, the barren-resistant, surrival rate of afforestation compared with exposed root and shoot forestation
The characteristics of high and advantage, and seedling root can be kept complete, root system, the particularly system of taproot are not destroyed, the surrival rate of afforestation is high；
4) present invention and is suitably afforested kind from grafting using the secondary cutting strunk technology of vigorous branches after first strengthening root, is North China
The easy seedling-raising technique of regional Hills or nonirrigated farmland deserted mountain barren hill walnut afforestation offer science.
5) nutrition cup seedling-raising technique of the invention is easy to learn, workable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are of greater clarity, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and examples
The present invention is further elaborated on.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the implementation process of the walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings of the embodiment of the present invention.One kind of the embodiment of the present invention
Walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings, as shown in figure 1, including variety selection, stock seed treatment, walnut nutritious cup prepares, sowing is educated
The step of seedling, nutritive cup seedlings transplanting, nutritive cup seedlings cutting strunk and grafting, specifically follow the steps below：
Step 1, variety selection：Stock variety is used as using Adaptive Mechanisms of American Black Walnut；
Step 2, stock seed treatment：Stock seed is soaked in water first before sowing, then carries out sand storage；
Step 3, walnut nutritious cup prepares：The matrix mixed with perlite, sand, rural area soil and organic fertilizer is packed into
In nutrition cup；
Step 4, seeding and seedling raising：The seed that step 2 is handled well is put in the nutrition cup that step 3 prepares and sowed,
Nutrition cup is after planting well placed watering overlay film and carries out nursery；
Step 5, nutritive cup seedlings are transplanted：When being moved nutritive cup seedlings when nutritive cup seedlings highly reach 20-30cm after emergence
Plant；
Step 6, nutritive cup seedlings cutting strunk：In August early and middle ten dayses by nutritive cup seedlings cutting back to height of seedling half, spring 4 in next year
The moon, early and middle ten dayses cutting back was to away from ground 5-10cm；
Step 7, grafting：Local of one's native land breeding or excellent authorization high yield kind of the Grafted Variety from resistance.
In embodiments of the present invention, immersion treatment is to soak stock seed in normal-temperature water, and soak time is 7 days left sides
The right side, the time of Sand culture is 20 days or so.
In embodiments of the present invention, the matrix in the nutrition cup of step 3 be according to perlite, sand, rural area soil, organic fertilizer with
Mass ratio 2: 2: 5: 1 mixes.
In embodiments of the present invention, for the nutrition cup of step 3 to there is bottom container cup, specification is 21-25cm × 26-30cm.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step 4, seed suture vertical cup is needed when seed is put in nutrition cup
Bottom, put depth about seed diameter 2 times or so.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step 4, sowing is in spring clear and bright front and rear progress.
In embodiments of the present invention, in steps of 5, nutritive cup seedlings transplanting be transplanted in mid-June deserted mountain barren hill or
Hills region, nutritive cup seedlings are transplanted to scratch nutrition cup with the vertical bottom of a cup of blade when specified seedling is cheated and buried.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step 7, grafting is carried out using high-order spray square budding method.
The walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, it is easy to learn, it is workable.Its seed treatment, sowing, grafting are equal
Carried out in open fields, be a kind of field seedling-raising technique, with difference of nursing young plants in hothouses.The seedling-raising technique of the present invention, its seedling raising environment
It is essentially identical with the growing environment after transplanting, the growing environment of original root system is not destroyed during transplanting, survival rate is high, is not in slow
Seedling phenomenon；The present invention selects excellent stock-Adaptive Mechanisms of American Black Walnut stock of resistance fast growing, more used walnut nursery stock stock
The advantages of resistant strong, growth potential is good, grafting affinity is good；The present invention chooses excellent inexpensive base by nutrition cup nursery
Matter, nursery stock is set to make full use of original Nutrition Soil and moisture in nutrition cup, without slow seedling direct growth, compared with exposed root and shoot forestation
With the characteristics of drought-resistant, barren-resistant, the surrival rate of afforestation is high and advantage, and seedling root can be kept complete, not destroy root
System, the particularly system of taproot, the surrival rate of afforestation are high；The present invention uses the secondary cutting strunk technology of vigorous branches after first strengthening root, and selects grafting
Suitably afforest kind, provide science easy seedling-raising technique for North China Hills or nonirrigated farmland deserted mountain barren hill walnut afforestation.
It is described in detail with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
This gives the embodiment that rootstock seedling is cultivated using walnut nutritious cup, following step is specifically included
Suddenly：
(1) 1000, the Adaptive Mechanisms of American Black Walnut seed harvested then of full no disease and pests harm is selected, in the clear and bright previous moon (3
The beginning of the month) it is soaked in normal-temperature water 7 days or so, the seed sand storage 20 days or so that will have been soaked.
(2) nutrition cup is chosen according to 21-25cm × 26-30cm specification, chooses 200 altogether.
(3) by 20 kilograms of perlites, 20 kilograms of sand, 50 kilograms of rural area soils and 10 kilograms of organic fertilizer mixing, matrix is obtained.
(4) matrix is fitted into nutrition cup.
(5) the good black walnut seed of sand storage is vertically put into nutrition cup according to suture, depth is Walnut Seed diameter
2 times or so and bury watering overlay film be placed in big Tanaka.
Embodiment 2
This gives the embodiment that grafting is cultivated using walnut nutritious cup.It is first according to embodiment
1 obtains nutrition cup rootstock seedling, then carries out as follows：
(1) cutting strunk：The nutrition cup rootstock seedling transplanted, August early and middle ten dayses first time cutting strunk, height of seedling half are short then
Cut and promote its seedling stem and enrich, maturity is high to improve winter cabbage, April in next year second of cutting strunk of early and middle ten dayses, at the 5-10 centimetres of ground
Cutting back, it is therefore an objective to first promote branch development after its root system development.Table 1 gives nutritive cup seedlings cutting strunk and root system during not cutting strunk and seedling stem
Stripping researching determining comparative result.As it can be seen from table 1 a cutting strunk promotes seedling stem degree of lignification and maturity, improve
Seedling stem anti-stripping rate, and secondary cutting strunk can rapidly promote the development of root system, ensure that seedling stem later stage fast-growth and shaping.
Table 1：Nutritive cup seedlings cutting strunk is with not cutting strunk root system compared with seedling stem stripping researching determining (average value cm)
| Project | Investigate strain tree | Main root length | Lateral root number | Seedling stem sprouting number (strain) |
| Once not cutting strunk | 10 | 31 | 4.8 | 8 |
| Secondary not cutting strunk | 10 | 36 | 5.2 | 5 |
| Cutting strunk | 10 | 39 | 5.8 | 0 |
| Secondary cutting strunk | 10 | 64 | 10.6 | 0 |
(2) bud picking：When sprouting grows to more than 5-10 centimetres, 1 strong bud is stayed, remaining whole is erased.
(3) grafting of tender branch technology
A grafting times：The Best Times that height is buddered in North China for by the end of May-by the end of June.
B scion gathers：Full healthy and strong, female bud, no disease and pests harm, the developmental branch of semi-lignified are selected, scion will after cutting
Blade is cut from base portion 1.5-2.0 centimeters.And the scion adopted at any time with the covering of wet gunnysack, to prevent its dehydration, it is desirable to existing
Adopt current.
C variety selections：Select that yielding ability is good, quality is excellent, the excellent Walnut Cultivars-place of strong adaptability breeding of one's native land and excellent
Approved variety.
D engrafting methods-high-order square bud connects
A extracts bud tablets：In the case where the centimeters of top 0.5 and petiole are buddered in scion, each horizontal partial application of 0.5 centimeters is as deep as wooden
Portion, it is desirable to bast is cut off, then in each vertical partial application in petiole both sides, it is desirable to depth reaches xylem but does not cut off xylem,
So tenderer bud tablets can be removed easily.
The processing of b stocks：Stock away from the smooth place of ground 30-50cm selections, with taken bud tablets grow up and down by each horizontal partial application, length
Spend identical, then in the knife of outside rip cutting one, edge of a knife depth will cut off bast but not hinder xylem.Grafting knife is then used from opening
Place chooses out the skin of stock, and 0.6-0.8 cm widths are torn after choosing out.
C inlays bud tablets：The bud tablets cut in scion are removed into edge and arrive stock opening, are careful not to bud tablets on stock
Friction is returned, avoids damaging forming layer.
D bondages：Bud is wrapped up from the bottom to top with wide 2cm or so plastic strip tight, bud is exposed.
E is managed after connecing：
A cut anvils are tied up with going：After connecting, 2 leaf cut anvils are stayed on buddering.Secondary cut anvil treats that 10 days or so petioles can come off
Afterwards.Small part is buddered when sprouting in 1.0-1.5 centimeters cut anvils of buddering.Budder and remove plastics when growing to 10 centimetres and tie up bar.
B pays attention to reinforcement rich water quality management after connecing, stock bud of erasing in time, wait grafting highly up to 1.2cm or so pinching.
C prunings：Grafting Second Year, late April in spring do surely, culture walnut it is suitably tree-like, i.e., trunk dredge layer shape and
Natural open centre shape；Mainly trim when branch is grown to more than 60 centimeters, top should be pinched and promote its branch.August part presses down branch；Angle is 70-
80 degree, master branch is selected and remain, cultivation results branch group, has reached early bearing, high yield.Table 2 is from grafting grafting on July 10 on June 10
Grafting is highly compared after two months for one month and August 10 days, it can be seen that because cutting strunk promotes the quick of root system stock seedling stage
Development, 50 plants of grafting results of investigation show that the growth potential of the less cutting strunk of cutting strunk is vigorous, and grafting highly differs 2 times or so.
Table 2：Nutrition cup grafting different growing stage growth potential compares (average value cm)
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that including variety selection, stock seed treatment, walnut nutritious cup
Preparation, seeding and seedling raising, nutritive cup seedlings transplanting, nutritive cup seedlings cutting strunk and grafting step, are specifically followed the steps below：
Step 1, variety selection：Stock variety is used as using Adaptive Mechanisms of American Black Walnut；
Step 2, stock seed treatment：Stock seed is soaked in water first before sowing, then carries out sand storage；
Step 3, walnut nutritious cup prepares：The matrix mixed with perlite, sand, rural area soil and organic fertilizer is packed into nutrition
In cup；
Step 4, seeding and seedling raising：The seed that step 2 is handled well is put in the nutrition cup that step 3 prepares and sowed, sowing
Nutrition cup is well placed watering overlay film afterwards and carries out nursery；
Step 5, nutritive cup seedlings are transplanted：When being transplanted nutritive cup seedlings when nutritive cup seedlings highly reach 20-30cm after emergence；
Step 6, nutritive cup seedlings cutting strunk：In August early and middle ten dayses by nutritive cup seedlings cutting back to height of seedling half, on April spring in next year
The middle ten days cutting back is to away from ground 5-10cm；
Step 7, grafting：Local of one's native land breeding or excellent authorization high yield kind of the Grafted Variety from resistance.
A kind of 2. walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2, immersion treatment
It is to soak stock seed in normal-temperature water, soak time is 7 days or so, and the time of Sand culture is 20 days or so.
A kind of 3. walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the nutrition cup of the step 3
In matrix be to be mixed according to perlite, sand, rural area soil, organic fertilizer with mass ratio 2: 2: 5: 1.
A kind of 4. walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the nutrition cup of the step 3
To there is bottom container cup, specification is 21-25cm × 26-30cm.
5. a kind of walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4, seed is being sought
Support needs the vertical bottom of a cup of seed suture when being put in cup, put depth about seed diameter 2 times or so.
A kind of 6. walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4, sowing be
Spring clear and bright front and rear progress.
A kind of 7. walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in steps of 5, nutritive cup seedlings
Transplanting is that deserted mountain barren hill or Hills region are transplanted in mid-June, and nutritive cup seedlings are transplanted to when specified seedling is cheated will battalion
Foster cup is scratched with the vertical bottom of a cup of blade to be buried.
8. a kind of walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the features of the present invention also exists
In in step 7, using the progress grafting of high-order spray square budding method.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105684819A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-06-22 | 凉山州新福源农林科技有限公司 | New walnut seedling growing method |
| CN105613196A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-01 | 仁怀市龙井乡利东种植开发有限公司 | Walnut seedling cultivating method |
| CN105875375A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-24 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Soilless substrate seedling-raising method of keteleeria cyclolepis |
| CN105918048A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-09-07 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Container nursery method for Urobotrya latisquema |
| CN107484612A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-12-19 | 昆明臻榕园林绿化工程有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for improving plant percent |
| CN107691131A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-02-16 | 鹿寨县众生园中药材种植专业合作社 | The method for culturing seedlings of beautiful millettia root |
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