CN105684819A - New walnut seedling growing method - Google Patents
New walnut seedling growing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105684819A CN105684819A CN201610105698.2A CN201610105698A CN105684819A CN 105684819 A CN105684819 A CN 105684819A CN 201610105698 A CN201610105698 A CN 201610105698A CN 105684819 A CN105684819 A CN 105684819A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seedling
- semen juglandis
- soil
- grafting
- nutrition soil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation, in particular to a new walnut seedling growing method, and aims at solving the problems that walnut seedlings cannot be transplanted anytime, the transplanting survival rate is low, and the outplanting quality is poor. According to the scheme for solving the technical problems, the new walnut seedling growing method comprises the following steps that a, after walnut seeds are disinfected, the walnut seeds are sown in a seedling growing disc to be cultivated; b, seedlings in the step a are moved out of the seedling growing disc when buds germinate and planted in a nutritive bowl to be cultivated; c, after the seedlings in the step b are 50 cm to 60 cm high and the ground diameter ranges from 0.5 cm to 0.7 cm, grafting is carried out, and outplanting is carried out after the seedlings are 100 cm to 120 cm high. According to the method, the seedling growing disc and the nutritive bowl which contain utrient soil are adopted for carrying out sowing and seedling growing on walnuts, the sowing sprouting and rooting rate is increased, the outplanting time is shortened, the outplanting seedling quality is good, the transplanting survival rate is high, the influence of transplanting tine is avoided, and transplanting can be carried out anytime according to needs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant cultivation, a kind of method being specifically related to new Semen Juglandis nursery。
Background technology
Semen Juglandis, with oil tea, Fructus oleae europaeae be called three big traditional oil trees。Semen Juglandis contains the nutrient substance such as rich in protein, fat, carbohydrate, and containing various trace elements such as the calcium of needed by human, phosphorus, ferrum, and the multivitamin such as carotene, riboflavin。Wherein, every hectogram Semen Juglandis is containing 15～20 grams of protein, carbohydrate 10 grams, and 50～60 grams of fat, the lipase 37 in Semen Juglandis 1% is linoleic acid, and 12% is linolenic acid, mostly is unsaturated fatty acid, is very easily absorbed by the body。Semen Juglandis can strong brain, be one of nuts food of deeply being liked by common people。
Semen Juglandis nursery generally select the mode first sowing grafting again, common Semen Juglandis seeding method have spring sowing and autumn sowing two kinds, first sow in soil, to be grafted survive rear seedling length to 60～80 centimeters time emerge。This breeding method mostly is bare-root seeding when going out garden, and transplanting survival rate is extremely low。Therefore, generally can only transplanting after falling leaf by walnut seedling entrance rest period in the winter time, the method is strictly restricted to time, also constrains the development of Semen Juglandis plant husbandry。Simultaneously as be grown in soil, pathogenic bacteria is more, emerges uneven, has more weak seedling diseases Seedling, and going out garden is bare-root seeding, it is easy to injuring main root, seedling goes out poor quality during garden, and transplanting survival rate is relatively low；Can only carrying out after fallen leaves additionally, plant, after cultivation, management needs substantial amounts of water, its survival rate of guarantee, when just value major part plantation area is in arid, therefore constrains the development of Semen Juglandis plant husbandry。
In recent years, Semen Juglandis plant production development scale is increasing, and the Juglans of the high-quality that high-quality and the four seasons not affected by environment can transplant supply falls short of demand, badly influence the development of Semen Juglandis plant husbandry。It is badly in need of at present that exploitation one can be transplanted at any time and survival rate is high, seedling goes out the measured walnut seedling breeding method of garden matter。
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of new Semen Juglandis plantation breeding method。The method is by cultivating walnut seedling with seedlings nursing plate and nutritive cube Ensure Liquid soil, transplant together with Nutrition Soil when going out garden, shorten seedling raise period, improve walnut seedling transplanting survival rate, obtain out the measured walnut seedling of garden matter, also solve the problem that walnut seedling can not be transplanted at any time, promote the development of Semen Juglandis plantation industry。
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of new Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps:
A, seedlings nursing plate are cultivated: be seeded in the seedlings nursing plate equipped with Nutrition Soil A after Walnut Seed sterilization, water permeable, carry out cultivating to rest period and terminate after germination in seedlings nursing plate；Described Nutrition Soil A is mainly at least one in the peat composed of rotten mosses or Vermiculitum；
B, nutritive cube are cultivated: removed from seedlings nursing plate when bud is sprouted by seedling in step a, implant in the nutritive cube equipped with Nutrition Soil B and cultivate；Described Nutrition Soil B is mainly made up of soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses and fertilizer；
C, grafting go out garden: in step b the high 50～60cm of seedling, footpath 0.5～0.7cm time carry out grafting as stock, grafting is carried out from root 20～25cm place at stock, after grafting survival, when length of buddering is to 15～20cm, above interface, cut stock branch, when nursery stock high 100～120cm, go out garden；The described long length for interface to sprouting top of buddering, described nursery stock height is the stock root length to top。
Wherein, in above-mentioned Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings step a, described Walnut Seed is the seed of result morning, high and stable yield, strong adaptability, kernel percent is high and oil content is high improved seeds。
Wherein, in above-mentioned Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings step a, described rest period refers to that Semen Juglandis starts the time period that leaf to sprouting is about to grow。
Wherein, in above-mentioned Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings step a, described sterilization refers to soaks 10～30 minutes with carbendazim solution；Preferably, the carbendazim solution concentration of described sterilization is 1000～1500ppm。
Wherein, in above-mentioned Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings step a, described sowing is autumn sowing, sows perpendicular to the ground for seed stitching thread during sowing。
Wherein, in above-mentioned Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings step a, described seedlings nursing plate is cultivated and is comprised the following steps: (1) ample supply moisture and fertilizer, regular weeding, preventing disease and pest；(2) sterilize with the thiophanate methyl solution of 1000～1500ppm during height of seedling 20cm；(3) seedling is sprayed with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.1～0.3wt% during height of seedling 40cm。
Wherein, in above-mentioned Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings step b, the weight ratio of described Nutrition Soil B is soil peat composed of rotten mosses fertilizer=5～6 2～3 2～3。
Preferably, in above-mentioned Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings step b, the weight ratio of described Nutrition Soil B is soil peat composed of rotten mosses fertilizer=6 32。
Wherein, in above-mentioned Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings step b, in described Nutrition Soil B, every side Nutrition Soil separately adds 500～1000 grams of calcium magnesium phosphate。
Wherein, in above-mentioned Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings step c, described grafting adopts bud grafting method, comprises the following steps: female cladus bar that the sturdy bud of (1) clip branch is full, draws a square orifice with grafting knife in bud surrounding, takes off spore；(2) an equal amount of stock bark is taken off at stock from root 20～25cm place same procedure；(3) being fitted on the stock removing bark in (2) by the spore taken off in (1), use plastic sheeting bundle interface, spore is exposed to outside thin film。
Wherein, in above-mentioned Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings step c, described grafting survival refers to: after grafting 15～20 days, interface grows sprouting。
Compared with prior art, technical solution of the present invention has the advantages that the present invention adopts seedlings nursing plate that Semen Juglandis is sowed, equipped with the peat composed of rotten mosses or Vermiculitum in seedlings nursing plate, and ventilative water conservation, be conducive to Semen Juglandis to root, Semen Juglandis sowing rooting rate is high；Meanwhile, the seedling germinateed is cultivated and grafting by the present invention in nutritive cube, directly can transplant by band alms bowl, compare traditional nursery in soil after grafting survival, and it is short to go out the garden time, goes out transplanting survival rate height during garden, and transplanted seedling root system quality is good；In addition, the present invention cultivates and adopts band alms bowl to transplant when walnut seedling is transplanted, walnut seedling root system is close around in Nutrition Soil, nutrition can be effectively provided, can transplant at any time as required, and must not wait until that rest period falls Ye Houzai and transplants, it is ensured that the high-quality walnut seedling four seasons supply, and have promoted the development of Semen Juglandis plant husbandry。
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of detailed description of the invention, the inventive method is described in detail。
This invention address that the scheme of technical problem is to provide a kind of new Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings, comprise the following steps:
A, seedlings nursing plate are cultivated:
Select the improved seeds that result morning, high and stable yield, strong adaptability, kernel percent height and oil content are high, as seed collecting elite stand。Gathering when fruit Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride splits half, remove Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride, be placed in clear water by the Semen Juglandis of gained and clean eliminated by the Semen Juglandis floated on the surface simultaneously, the carbendazim solution immersion that remaining Semen Juglandis concentration is 1000～1500ppm carries out disinfection for 10～30 minutes；Loading the peat composed of rotten mosses thick for about 3cm or Vermiculitum in seedlings nursing plate, the Semen Juglandis after sterilization is put into seedlings nursing plate center, modes of emplacement is that seed stitching thread is perpendicular to the ground, then is filled up by seedlings nursing plate with the peat composed of rotten mosses or Vermiculitum, and is irrigated with water；Within about 15 days, seed germinates in a large number, when about 1 month average height reaches 20cm, concentration is that the thiophanate methyl solution mist of 1000～1500ppm sprays bacterium, about 2 months average heights when 40cm, spray seedling with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.1～0.3wt% and promote its lignifying；About 3 months Juglans enter rest period and fall leaf, proceed to cultivate；
B, nutritive cube are cultivated:
Load Nutrition Soil and to 1/4～1/3 place of nutritive cube and build reality, described Nutrition Soil is formulated by weight soil (processing without the weed seed) peat composed of rotten mosses (commercially available peat soil) fertilizer (well-rotted farmyard manure)=5～6 2～3 2～3, and the ratio separately adding calcium magnesium phosphate 500～1000g in every square Nutrition Soil is fully pulverized and mixed；When seedling bud is sprouted in step a, walnut seedling is placed in the middle of nutritive cube, a hand-held Seedling, unfolds root system and remaining Nutrition Soil is inserted on the other hand, be advisable lower than nutritive cube 1.0～2.0cm with soil face, irrigate and determine root water, put up sunshade net；Seedling in nutritive cube regularly watered, apply fertilizer, weeding and preventing disease and pest；
Wherein, nutritive cube selects bottom and side all to have the nutritive cube in hole, and optional specification is any one in 17*21,21*21 or 26*21, and volume does not grow with root in incubation and is preferred；
C, grafting go out garden:
Treat in step b that seedling length is to 50～60cm, footpath, ground adopts bud grafting method to carry out grafting when 0.5～0.7cm, bud grafting is advisable with young sprout vigorous period, select the excellent tree that bears fruit as elite stand during grafting, elite stand select the full branch of sturdy bud as scion, first elite stand is cut fringe bar, a square orifice is drawn by grafting knife bud surrounding on branch, at stock distance root 20～25cm place, same procedure takes off an equal amount of stock bark, the bark with spore that takes off on fringe bar is fitted in stock takes down the position of bark, bundle by plastic sheeting seam, during binding, spore is exposed at outside thin film, above interface, stock branch is cut when seedlings picking length to 15～20cm, insert the fixing branch of bamboo pole prevent wind disconnected or artificially touch disconnected simultaneously, terminal bud is removed in time growing into 70～80cm, promote collateral generation, garden is gone out during the high 100～120cm of about 3 months nursery stocks of grafting。
Water and fertilizer management: dry season should moisturizing in real time, spray in time according to weather condition and soil moisture content, should mend every time, accomplish that nursery lot internal drainage ditch is unobstructed rainy season, it has been found that have hydrops to arrange stain immediately；Begin in sky by the end of October and decrement moisturizing makes its branch lignifying。After transplanting seedlings, two weeks was executed clear liquid dung every 15 days and is added carbamide, the grafting previous moon stops fertilising, continue to execute clear liquid dung every 15 days the grafting later moon and add carbamide or solubility compound fertilizer, 1～2 kilogram of interpolation of every cubic metre of clear liquid dung pressed by carbamide, it is stepped up from less to more, is going out not apply fertilizer by the garden previous moon stopping fertilising (preventing branch excessive growth from winter freeze injury occurring) at the bottom of October。
Weeding manages: in time weeding, it is ensured that in container on bed surface and pavement weeds less than 10cm。
Prune and manage: after grafting, stock can grow many buds because of overnutrition, should be wiped out by newborn buds every 7～10 days, when scion grows into 50～60cm, should will be less than the branch of 50cm and all remove。
Pest management: seedling stage, main diseases and insect pests had damping-off, root rot class, aphid, leafeating insect class Gryllotalpa, grub category etc., adopted the pesticide control within the scope of national regulation。
Other management: watering, fertilizing causes Nutrition Soil loss monthly to check once, find that nutritive cube Middle nutrition soil sinks, need to fill out correct position in time, and irregularly move nutritive cube and carry out permutatation or the root system blocking outside propelling container, promote its group's of being formed root in container。
In order to improve the rate that roots of Semen Juglandis, Walnut Seed to select result morning, high and stable yield, strong adaptability, kernel percent is high and oil content is high improved seeds, carry out disinfection with the carbendazim solution that concentration is 1000～1500ppm, effectively kill the antibacterial on Walnut Seed surface, provide good environment for seed germination。By placement perpendicular to the ground for seed stitching thread during sowing, after seed germination, root just can stand in Nutrition Soil, is conducive to taking root。Sowing in technical solution of the present invention is autumn sowing, selects fresh Walnut Seed, it is not necessary to carry out accelerating germination process, sows in spring as adopted, then before planting seed except carrying out disinfection, in addition it is also necessary to germination accelerating method carries out accelerating germination process routinely。
In order to promote rooting of Walnut Seed, improving rooting rate and germination percentage, the present invention adopts the mode of two stage nursery, is seeded into rudiment early stage and carries out first stage cultivation in seedlings nursing plate。Traditional Semen Juglandis type of seeding is usually and is directly seeded in soil, and Soil ventilation water retention property is poor, and the Semen Juglandis of sowing is more not to root, and the nutrient content in soil is abundant not, and growth of seedling is slow。The present invention uses the peat composed of rotten mosses or Vermiculitum as culture matrix in seedlings nursing plate, the peat composed of rotten mosses is a kind of atmospheric swamp formed through several thousand ground product (being also called peat or mud coal), it it is the coal that degree of coalification is minimum, also it is the coal of the most original state, aseptic, nontoxic, pollution-free, venting capability is good, light weight, water holding, fertilizer conservation, be conducive to microbial activities, strengthen biological property, nutritious, and containing nutritions such as significantly high organic matter, humic acid, be the plant cultivation media that a kind of performance is extremely excellent；Vermiculitum be a kind of natural, nontoxic, under high temperature action dilatable mineral, belong to silicate, its crystal structure is monoclinic system, has chesson, good permeability, and water absorbing force is strong, the features such as variations in temperature is little；Peat and the ventilative water conservation of Vermiculitum, and cultivate for Semen Juglandis germination containing abundant nutrient substance, poor growth can also supplement peat or the Vermiculitum of new comprehensive nutrition period immediately, has been effectively promoted Semen Juglandis and has rooted, has made walnut seedling fast growth, and growing way is good。
Middle nutrition soil A of the present invention can be used alone the one in the peat composed of rotten mosses or Vermiculitum, it is also possible to use simultaneously, if there is seedling growth not good situation, it is also possible to extra adds compound fertilizer or farm manure etc.；Nutrition Soil B is mainly made up of soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses and fertilizer, if desired, also can add the materials such as compound fertilizer, to promote growth。
Meanwhile, being provided with aperture bottom seedlings nursing plate, for the moisture that venting is unnecessary, have additional nutrients the oxygen content in soil, has been effectively promoted the growth of walnut seedling root system。This seedlings nursing plate can Reusability, advantageously reduce the production cost of seedling culture。Seedlings nursing plate specification is numerous, and common have 32 caves, 50 cave equal-specifications, each nursery cave back cut diameter 3～5 centimetres, base diameter 2～4 centimetres, the degree of depth 5～6 centimetres, can select the seedlings nursing plate of appropriate gauge according to practical situation。
Inventor finds in long-term practice process, when adopting seedlings nursing plate that Semen Juglandis is carried out nursery, when also going out garden standard not up to grafting, walnut seedling Later growth there will be growing space deficiency, the nutrient content of Nutrition Soil can not fully meet the situation of Semen Juglandis growth needs, Juglans late growing stage speed is slow, reduces economic worth。The present invention cultivates proceeding second stage in the seedling replanting in seedlings nursing plate to nutritive cube, can by nursery stock by strong and weak size subpackage when implanting nutritive cube, it is simple to the management in later stage, it is possible to grafting in batches。The Nutrition Soil that second stage is cultivated is mainly formulated by soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses, fertilizer, and add 500～1000 grams of calcium magnesium phosphate in every side Nutrition Soil, effectively solve walnut seedling Later growth space and the problem of nutrient deficiency, improve the speed of growth of walnut seedling。Meanwhile, using nutritive cube to carry out nursery, fibrous root will not wear out nutritive cube growth, but tightly spiral in nutritive cube, transport together with nutritive cube when going out garden, substantially without the phenomenon of the root system that occurs fractureing, go out garden quality high。One layer of unregistered land film can also be spread below nutritive cube, the root in nutritive cube so can be stoped to penetrate in earth through aperture, it is possible to stop the grass in earth to grow, reduce the operation of weeding。
The growth that Nutrition Soil in nutritive cube is Semen Juglandis provides sufficient nutrition, when Juglans reaches garden standard, band alms bowl is transplanted, Walnut Roots will not be broken, and have the fibrous root being a lot tightly coiled in Nutrition Soil to transplant together, nutrition can be provided for the Juglans after transplanting, therefore need not wait until that Juglans rest period falls leaf and transplants, whenever carry out transplanting and can obtain significantly high transplanting survival rate, thus relieving the transplanting time restriction to Semen Juglandis nursery industry, provide great scope of land for Semen Juglandis nursery, there is higher economic benefit。
The dosage forms such as the carbendazim used in technical solution of the present invention has another name called carbendazol, carbendazol, for a kind of broad-spectrum germicide, mainly has 25%, 50% wettable powder, 40%, 50% suspending agent, 80% water dispersible granules, are used equally to the sterilization of Walnut Seed。The thiophanate methyl used has another name called thiophanate-methyl, is a kind of efficient, low toxicity antibacterial, is widely used in the sterilization of nursery stock。The calcium magnesium phosphate added in technical solution of the present invention is for being a kind of contain phosphate radical (PO43-) sillico aluminate glass body, main component includes Ca3(PO4)2、CaSiO3、MgSiO3, it is a kind of multi-element fertilizer, aqueous solution, in alkalescence, can improve acid ground, cultivates during Semen Juglandis fine as base fertilizer effect, can for the slowly lasting offer nutrient of Juglans。
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described further, but does not indicate that and protection domain is limited in scope of embodiments。
The carbendazim used in embodiment is that the 200g that Tianjin Chinese nation plant protection science and technology limited Company produces fills, content is the wettable powder of 80%；Thiophanate methyl is that Jiangsu dragon lantern photochemistry company limited produces 100g dress, content is 70% wettable powder；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is that the 1kg dress of Sichuan get Run plump industry company limited production, content are more than 98% white crystal；Calcium magnesium phosphate is Yun Nanjin 50kg dress, the available phosphorus (P reaching that Phosphonics Ltd. produces2O5More than 12%) Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt powder。
Embodiment 1 uses technical solution of the present invention to cultivate Semen Juglandis
In the present embodiment, step a Middle nutrition soil adopts the peat composed of rotten mosses, and step b Middle nutrition soil is by weight formulated for soil peat composed of rotten mosses fertilizer=5 33。
A, seedlings nursing plate are cultivated:
Select the improved seeds that result morning, high and stable yield, strong adaptability, kernel percent height and oil content are high, as seed collecting elite stand。Gathering when fruit Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride splits half, remove Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride, be placed in clear water by the Semen Juglandis of gained and clean eliminated by the Semen Juglandis floated on the surface simultaneously, the carbendazim solution of remaining Semen Juglandis 1000ppm soaks and carries out disinfection for 15 minutes；Loading the thick peat composed of rotten mosses of about 3cm in seedlings nursing plate, the Semen Juglandis after sterilization is put into seedlings nursing plate center, modes of emplacement is that seed stitching thread is perpendicular to the ground, then is filled up by seedlings nursing plate with the peat composed of rotten mosses or Vermiculitum, and is irrigated with water；Within about 15 days, seed germinates in a large number, when about 1 month average height reaches 20cm with the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution spray painting sterilization of dilution 1000ppm, about 2 months average heights when 40cm, spray seedling with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.1wt% and promote its lignifying；About 3 months Juglans enter rest period and fall leaf, proceed to cultivate；
B, nutritive cube are cultivated:
Load Nutrition Soil and to 1/4～1/3 place of nutritive cube and build reality, described Nutrition Soil is formulated by weight soil (processing without the weed seed) peat composed of rotten mosses (commercially available peat soil) fertilizer (well-rotted farmyard manure)=5 33, and the ratio adding calcium magnesium phosphate 900g in every square Nutrition Soil is fully pulverized and mixed；When seedling bud is sprouted in step a, walnut seedling is placed in the middle of nutritive cube, a hand-held Seedling, unfolds root system and remaining Nutrition Soil is inserted on the other hand, be advisable lower than nutritive cube 1.0～2.0cm with soil face, irrigate and determine root water, put up sunshade net；Seedling in nutritive cube regularly watered, apply fertilizer, weeding and preventing disease and pest；
Wherein, nutritive cube selects bottom and side all to have the nutritive cube in hole, and volume does not grow with root in incubation and is preferred；
C, grafting go out garden:
Treat in step b that seedling length is to 50～60cm, footpath, ground adopts bud grafting method to carry out grafting when 0.5～0.7cm, bud grafting is advisable with young sprout vigorous period, select the excellent tree that bears fruit as elite stand during grafting, elite stand select the full branch of sturdy bud as scion, first elite stand is cut fringe bar, a square orifice is drawn by grafting knife bud surrounding on branch, it is about 20cm place same procedure at stock distance root and takes off an equal amount of stock bark, the bark with spore that takes off on fringe bar is fitted in stock takes down the position of bark, bundle by plastic sheeting seam, during binding, spore is exposed at outside thin film, treat that seedlings picking length cuts stock branch to 15～20cm from interface, terminal bud is removed in time growing into 70～80cm, promote collateral generation, garden is gone out during the high 100～120cm of about 3 months nursery stocks of grafting。
Water and fertilizer management: dry season should moisturizing in real time, spray in time according to weather condition and soil moisture content, should mend every time, accomplish that nursery lot internal drainage ditch is unobstructed rainy season, it has been found that have hydrops to arrange stain immediately；Begin in sky by the end of October and decrement moisturizing makes its branch lignifying。After transplanting seedlings, two weeks was executed clear liquid dung every 15 days and is added carbamide, the grafting previous moon stops fertilising, continue to execute clear liquid dung every 15 days the grafting later moon and add carbamide or solubility compound fertilizer, 1～2 kilogram of interpolation of every cubic metre of clear liquid dung pressed by carbamide, it is stepped up from less to more, is going out not apply fertilizer by the garden previous moon stopping fertilising (preventing branch excessive growth from winter freeze injury occurring) at the bottom of October。
Weeding manages: in time weeding, it is ensured that in container on bed surface and pavement weeds less than 10cm。
Prune and manage: after grafting, stock can grow many buds because of overnutrition, should be wiped out by newborn buds every 7～10 days, when scion grows into 50～60cm, should will be less than the branch of 50cm and all remove。
Pest management: seedling stage, main diseases and insect pests had damping-off, root rot class, aphid, leafeating insect class Gryllotalpa, grub category etc., adopted the pesticide control within the scope of national regulation。
Other management: watering, fertilizing causes Nutrition Soil loss monthly to check once, find that nutritive cube Middle nutrition soil sinks, need to fill out correct position in time, and irregularly move nutritive cube and carry out permutatation or the root system blocking outside propelling container, promote its group's of being formed root in container。
Embodiment 2 uses technical solution of the present invention to cultivate Semen Juglandis
In the present embodiment, step a Middle nutrition soil adopts Vermiculitum, and step b Middle nutrition soil is by weight formulated for soil peat composed of rotten mosses fertilizer=6 22。
A, seedlings nursing plate are cultivated:
Select the improved seeds that result morning, high and stable yield, strong adaptability, kernel percent height and oil content are high, as seed collecting elite stand。Gathering when fruit Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride splits half, remove Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride, be placed in clear water by the Semen Juglandis of gained and clean eliminated by the Semen Juglandis floated on the surface simultaneously, the carbendazim solution of remaining Semen Juglandis 1500ppm soaks and carries out disinfection for 25 minutes；Loading the peat composed of rotten mosses thick for about 3cm or Vermiculitum in seedlings nursing plate, the Semen Juglandis after sterilization is put into seedlings nursing plate center, modes of emplacement is that seed stitching thread is perpendicular to the ground, then is filled up by seedlings nursing plate with the peat composed of rotten mosses or Vermiculitum, and is irrigated with water；Within about 15 days, seed germinates in a large number, when about 1 month average height reaches 20cm with the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution spray painting sterilization of dilution 1500ppm, about 2 months average heights when 40cm, spray seedling with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3wt% and promote its lignifying；Within about 3 months, Juglans enters leaf, proceeds to cultivate；
B, nutritive cube are cultivated:
Load Nutrition Soil and to 1/4～1/3 place of nutritive cube and build reality, described Nutrition Soil is formulated by weight soil (processing without the weed seed) peat composed of rotten mosses (commercially available peat soil) fertilizer (well-rotted farmyard manure)=6 22, and the ratio adding calcium magnesium phosphate 600g in every square Nutrition Soil is fully pulverized and mixed；When seedling bud is sprouted in step a, walnut seedling is placed in the middle of nutritive cube, a hand-held Seedling, unfolds root system and remaining Nutrition Soil is inserted on the other hand, be advisable lower than nutritive cube 1.0～2.0cm with soil face, irrigate and determine root water, put up sunshade net；Seedling in nutritive cube regularly watered, apply fertilizer, weeding and preventing disease and pest；
Wherein, nutritive cube selects bottom and side all to have the nutritive cube in hole, and volume does not grow with root in incubation and is preferred；
C, grafting go out garden:
Treat in step b that seedling length is to 50～60cm, footpath, ground adopts bud grafting method to carry out grafting when 0.5～0.7cm, bud grafting is advisable with young sprout vigorous period, select the excellent tree that bears fruit as elite stand during grafting, elite stand select the full branch of sturdy bud as scion, first elite stand is cut fringe bar, a square orifice is drawn by grafting knife bud surrounding on branch, it is about 20cm place same procedure at stock distance root and takes off an equal amount of stock bark, the bark with spore that takes off on fringe bar is fitted in stock takes down the position of bark, bundle by plastic sheeting seam, during binding, spore is exposed at outside thin film, treat that seedlings picking length cuts stock branch to 15～20cm from interface, terminal bud is removed in time growing into 70～80cm, promote collateral generation, garden is gone out during the high 100～120cm of about 3 months nursery stocks of grafting。
Water and fertilizer management, weeding management, management of pruning, pest management and other management are with embodiment 1。
Comparative example 3 uses traditional method to cultivate Semen Juglandis
In comparative example, Semen Juglandis is seeded in field soil, and seedling stage does not transplant, and direct grafting goes out garden。
Select the improved seeds that result morning, high and stable yield, strong adaptability, kernel percent height and oil content are high, as seed collecting elite stand。Gather when fruit Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride splits half, remove Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride, the Semen Juglandis of gained is placed in clear water cleans and the Semen Juglandis floated on the surface is eliminated simultaneously, remaining Semen Juglandis is seeded in field soil；Within about 25 days, seed germinates in a large number, and when about 1 month average height reaches 12cm, the thiophanate methyl solution mist of 1500ppm sprays bacterium, about 2 months average heights when 25cm, sprays seedling with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3wt% and promotes its lignifying；About 3 months Juglans enter rest period and fall leaf；
Treat that seedling length is to 50～60cm, footpath, ground adopts bud grafting method to carry out grafting when 0.5～0.7cm, bud grafting is advisable with young sprout vigorous period, select the excellent tree that bears fruit as elite stand during grafting, elite stand select the full branch of sturdy bud as scion, first elite stand is cut fringe bar, a square orifice is drawn by grafting knife bud surrounding on branch, it is about 20cm place same procedure at stock distance root and takes off an equal amount of stock bark, the bark with spore that takes off on fringe bar is fitted in stock takes down the position of bark, bundle by plastic sheeting seam, during binding, spore is exposed at outside thin film, treat that seedlings picking length cuts stock branch to 15～20cm from interface, garden is gone out when about 6 months nursery stock length is to 100～120cm。
Water and fertilizer management, weeding management, management of pruning, pest management and other management are with embodiment 1。
Different experiments methods and results such as table 1 below:
The different breeding method impact on walnut seedling of table 1
Experimental result is known, technical solution of the present invention is by cultivating walnut seedling with seedlings nursing plate and nutritive cube Ensure Liquid soil, transplant together with Nutrition Soil when going out garden, shorten seedling raise period, improve walnut seedling rooting rate and transplanting survival rate, obtain out the measured walnut seedling of garden matter, also solve the problem that walnut seedling can not be transplanted at any time, promote the development of Semen Juglandis plantation industry。
Claims (8)
1. a new Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps:
A, seedlings nursing plate are cultivated: be seeded in the seedlings nursing plate equipped with Nutrition Soil A after Walnut Seed sterilization, water permeable, carry out cultivating to rest period and terminate after germination in seedlings nursing plate；Described Nutrition Soil A is mainly at least one in the peat composed of rotten mosses or Vermiculitum；
B, nutritive cube are cultivated: removed from seedlings nursing plate when bud is sprouted by seedling in step a, implant in the nutritive cube equipped with Nutrition Soil B and cultivate；Described Nutrition Soil B is mainly made up of soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses and fertilizer；
C, grafting go out garden: in step b the high 50～60cm of seedling, footpath 0.5～0.7cm time carry out grafting as stock, grafting is carried out from root 20～25cm place at stock, after grafting survival, when length of buddering is to 15～20cm, above interface, cut stock branch, when nursery stock high 100～120cm, go out garden；The described long length for interface to sprouting top of buddering, described nursery stock height is the stock root length to top。
2. Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: sterilization described in step a refers to soaks 10～30 minutes with carbendazim solution。
3. Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the carbendazim solution concentration sterilizing used described in step a is 1000～1500ppm。
4. Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: sow perpendicular to the ground for seed stitching thread during sowing described in step a。
5. Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: seedlings nursing plate described in step a is cultivated and is comprised the following steps: (1) ample supply moisture and fertilizer, regular weeding, preventing disease and pest；(2) sterilize with the thiophanate methyl solution of 1000～1500ppm during height of seedling 20cm；(3) seedling is sprayed with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.1～0.3wt% during height of seedling 40cm。
6. Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the weight ratio of Nutrition Soil B described in step b is soil peat composed of rotten mosses fertilizer=5～6 2～3 2～3。
7. Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the weight ratio of Nutrition Soil B described in step b is soil peat composed of rotten mosses fertilizer=6 32。
8. Semen Juglandis method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in Nutrition Soil B described in step b, every side Nutrition Soil separately adds 500～1000 grams of calcium magnesium phosphate。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610105698.2A CN105684819A (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | New walnut seedling growing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610105698.2A CN105684819A (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | New walnut seedling growing method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105684819A true CN105684819A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
Family
ID=56222513
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610105698.2A Pending CN105684819A (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | New walnut seedling growing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105684819A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106718518A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 仁怀市龙井葫芦种植专业合作社 | Juglans implantation methods |
| CN107047219A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-18 | 重庆绿野尚品农业发展有限公司 | A kind of walnut implantation methods |
| CN114097560A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Seedling raising method for medicinal and edible plant rhizoma smilacis glabrae |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102057851A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-05-18 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | New technique for culturing apocarya by seeding and grafting in current year |
| CN102823439A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for temperature control and humidity control graftage of carya illinoensis |
| CN102939807A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-02-27 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly raising high-quality 'three-current' well-bred seedlings of Carya illinoensis |
| CN103828679A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-06-04 | 漾濞县涵轩绿色产业开发有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield walnut cultivation method |
| CN104285771A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-21 | 云南润雨薄壳山核桃科技开发有限公司 | Walnut container seedling water culture cultivation method |
| CN105075780A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | Walnut nutrition cup seedling culture method |
-
2016
- 2016-02-25 CN CN201610105698.2A patent/CN105684819A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102057851A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-05-18 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | New technique for culturing apocarya by seeding and grafting in current year |
| CN102823439A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for temperature control and humidity control graftage of carya illinoensis |
| CN102939807A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-02-27 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly raising high-quality 'three-current' well-bred seedlings of Carya illinoensis |
| CN103828679A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-06-04 | 漾濞县涵轩绿色产业开发有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield walnut cultivation method |
| CN104285771A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-21 | 云南润雨薄壳山核桃科技开发有限公司 | Walnut container seedling water culture cultivation method |
| CN105075780A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | Walnut nutrition cup seedling culture method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘清华等: "核桃容器育苗试验技术", 《中国园艺文摘》 * |
| 赵宝军等: "核桃良种嫁接繁殖技术", 《辽宁林业科技》 * |
| 邓立宏: "嫁接核桃的栽培与管理", 《四川林业科技》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106718518A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 仁怀市龙井葫芦种植专业合作社 | Juglans implantation methods |
| CN107047219A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-18 | 重庆绿野尚品农业发展有限公司 | A kind of walnut implantation methods |
| CN114097560A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Seedling raising method for medicinal and edible plant rhizoma smilacis glabrae |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101637092B (en) | Method for culturing large eucalyptus seedlings | |
| CN102204489B (en) | Method for culturing teak seedlings by spike culture and rapid propagation in container | |
| CN105052665B (en) | A kind of breeding method of breeding gold Chinese scholartree seedlings | |
| CN104303940B (en) | A kind of sub-high-yield cultivating method of Fructus Gardeniae grandiflorae | |
| CN103477858A (en) | Cherry tomato planting method | |
| CN103858724A (en) | Breeding method for high-quality walnut seedlings | |
| CN104082007A (en) | Cuttage breeding method for annona squamosa linn | |
| CN107667751A (en) | The fast breeding method of Queensland nut seedling | |
| CN105475076A (en) | Ligustrun lucidum ait cutting and cultivating method | |
| KR20130051649A (en) | Method of cultivating vegetable fruit using rye | |
| CN104255376A (en) | Method for improving soil fertility of pear gardens at hilly areas of northern subtropical regions in south of China | |
| CN108575626A (en) | The implantation methods of sealwort | |
| CN107371979A (en) | A kind of cultural method of organic tara vine | |
| CN105684819A (en) | New walnut seedling growing method | |
| CN106305426A (en) | Establishment method for tissue culture system of Taiwan morus laevigata | |
| CN108551962A (en) | A kind of method of Ling Yaoxing and peach interplanting | |
| CN104335801A (en) | Method for increasing seed production yield of sterile line of broccoli | |
| CN105052446B (en) | The implantation methods of broad bean seedling on a kind of salt-soda soil | |
| CN101444166A (en) | Easy and quick propagating method for lance asiabell root | |
| CN104429430A (en) | Method for planting taxuschinensis tea in garden | |
| CN107306654B (en) | Cauliflower planting method | |
| CN106613363B (en) | A kind of cultural method of umbrella shape locust tree shade tree | |
| CN109168925A (en) | A kind of cultural method improving salt-soda soil guava quality and yield | |
| CN108934517A (en) | A kind of breeding method of white beef tea sapling | |
| CN105309150A (en) | Gourd planting method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160622 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |