CN102939807A - Method for rapidly raising high-quality 'three-current' well-bred seedlings of Carya illinoensis - Google Patents
Method for rapidly raising high-quality 'three-current' well-bred seedlings of Carya illinoensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN102939807A CN102939807A CN2012104987742A CN201210498774A CN102939807A CN 102939807 A CN102939807 A CN 102939807A CN 2012104987742 A CN2012104987742 A CN 2012104987742A CN 201210498774 A CN201210498774 A CN 201210498774A CN 102939807 A CN102939807 A CN 102939807A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 235000009025 Carya illinoensis Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 3
- 241001453450 Carya illinoinensis Species 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 abstract description 10
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
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- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N gibberellin A3 Chemical class C([C@@]1(O)C(=C)C[C@@]2(C1)[C@H]1C(O)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]2(C=C[C@@H]3O)[C@H]1[C@]3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly raising high-quality 'three-current' (raising stocks, grafting and moving seedlings out of nurseries in the current year) well-bred seedlings of Carya illinoensis. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of: quickly breaking the dormancy of seeds through soaking the seeds into gibberellin, and carrying out seed stratification in a hotbed three months ahead of schedule; cutting the taproot growing points of sprout-stocks so as to carry out sprout-stock root breaking; carrying out container seedling-raising by using customized containers and a self-made matrix, placing the customized containers in a greenhouse and keeping for half a month, and after the customized containers are moved out of the greenhouse, completely burying the containers into soil; during the fast growing period of stock seedlings, daubing a gibberellin solution on the basal parts of stems, so that the ground-diameter thickening is effectively promoted, and a large number of high-quality stock seedlings meeting the requirements of grafting are raised in early July; and about 10-15 days after the grafting is successful, cutting out stock parts 1cm above graft buds, daubing gibberellin on the graft buds, and strengthening nutrient and water management, so that the graft buds grow to branches of 30-40 cm, and the heights of grafted seedlings in the current year meet the out-of-nursery standards of 50-60 cm, thereby raising a large number of healthily-growing 'three-current' well-bred seedlings of Carya illinoensis. Compared with the traditional seedling raising method, two years are shortened.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the horticultural gardening field, relate to the method for a kind of quickly breeding apocarya high-quality " three when " (educate then anvil, then grafting, go out the garden then) breeding seedling.
Background technology
What the present invention relates to is the raising technology of apocarya breeding nursery stock.Apocarya breeding seedling (also claiming the product seedling) is cultivated by grafting and is formed, and comprise three sport technique segments: stock cultivation, grafting, grafting are cultivated the garden.
The stock of apocarya generally adopts this anvil, namely mixes the seedling that the planting seed of kind is bred.Seed generally utilizes the natural low temperature in winter to carry out the lamination Sand culture in the early November in winter of the previous year, and mid-April spring next year, ground temperature was seeded in the land for growing field crops after ging up, and emerge mid-May, and early June carries out the secondary transplanting and is completely cured then field planting; Most rootstock seedling to Second Year leading thread in July rugosity just reach the grafting standard; Then during July in summer～September, carry out bud grafting; Again through the cultivation in 1 year, what the grafting height of seedling just can reach 30～40cm went out the garden standard, went out the garden the 3rd year autumn after the grafting.Can be found out by above-mentioned sport technique segment, the present Main Problems of apocarya breeding seedling-wood breeding is that growing-seedling period is long, educates anvil certainly sowing and goes out garden 3 years half time of need to grafting, and owing to adopt field seedling raising, be subject to the poor environment impact, seedling quality is relatively poor.
Traditional seed dormant method of apocarya of breaking is to utilize the natural low temperature in winter to carry out the husky Tibetan of lamination, consuming time reaching about 5 months; Outdoor sowing mid-April in spring is vulnerable to again the impact of the unsuitable environmental conditions such as late frost, exposure in sunshine, soil drought, often runs into seedling-growing time evening, and the problem such as it is irregular to emerge, and seedling quality is relatively poor, and planting percent is low causes breeding efficiency lower.
Need carry out secondary after the apocarya rootstock seedling is emerged and be completely cured processing to promote lateral root to grow.Traditional method of being completely cured is to dig out from the seedbed during to 2 true leaves in that seedling is long, after manually being completely cured again transplant planting set up this anvil nursery to the field.This process need be transplanted, is completely cured, the field planting three process, takes a lot of work, time-consuming, and the root system of seedling is easily damaged, and causes transplanting seedling time long, affects seedling growth.The patent of invention that announce in May, 2010: a kind of apocarya is sowed the new technology of the growing seedlings (patent No.: 201010522699) although " adopt improvement outdoor sowing mode to cultivate apocarya and give birth to then seedling; cut root when transplanting seedling continuous cropping to the nursery from the seedbed and process; set up this anvil nursery " of then grafting then, but also only be to be completely cured in the bud seedling stage, will from the seedbed, transplant equally.
Apocarya seedling growth amount is less under the breeding condition of land for growing field crops, and the leading thread overstriking is slower, to being difficult to breed then the rootstock seedling that meets in a large number grafting standard (stock leading thread rugosity reaches 0.5cm) July.Although patent is arranged: a kind of apocarya is sowed the new technology of the growing seedlings (patent No.: 201010522699) mention in 8～September and can carry out then grafting of then grafting then, but from its operation sequence of having announced and production practices, can only have seldom a part of rootstock seedling to reach the then standard of grafting this moment, and the possibility that obtains a large amount of rootstock seedlings up to standard is very little.
For overcoming the defective of apocarya tradition field seedling raising mode, in the production once the someone carried out the practice of apocarya container nursery, but often run into more water wasting during the summer, take a lot of work and subject to summer environment and coerce problems such as causing nursery stock death.
If do not do any processing after the scion bud of then grafting of apocarya survives, generally directly entering resting state passes the winter, just can sprout into branch spring to Second Year, can't obtain to have then the grafting of certain shoot and leaf growth amount, can not realize going out as early as possible the purpose in garden.
Summary of the invention
The present invention does not reach out the problems such as the growing-seedling period such as garden standard is long, efficient is low then mainly for the rootstock seedling cultivation time length, poor growth, the grafting that exist in the apocarya prevalent variety cultivation process, the method for a kind of quickly breeding apocarya high-quality " three when " breeding seedling is provided.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
(1) in early November with the apocarya seed with 280～320mgL
-1Gibberellins solution soak 10 ~ 12 hours to break fast the dormancy of seed, what then place north orientation indoorly carries out that lamination is husky hid about 50～65 days, temperature remains on 5～10 ℃, during turned over one time seed in per 10 days;
(2) begin seed with breaking dormancy from mid-January and place and carry out high temperature vernalization 35 ~ 45 days in the electric seed bed heater, temperature maintains 25～28 ℃, and mid or late Febuary obtains the bud seedling;
(3) from early March, when bud seedling radicle length reaches the above time excision main root of 5cm growing point, carry out the bud seedling and be completely cured, conventional secondary is transplanted the method for being completely cured and is saved and transplant recruitment;
(4) the bud seedling after will being completely cured to transplant in specification be 10 ~ 15 * 20 ~ 25cm(alms bowl body diameter * alms bowl height in batches) in preferred 13 * 22cm black plastic nutritive cube, filling substrate in the nutritive cube, can obtain well-grown seedling mid-March, do sth. in advance 3 months than the conventional seedbed system method; From mid-March, container seedling in plastic tunnel transition 0.5 ~ 1 month to avoid the harm of being exposed to the sun of late frost and sunlight; Begin container seedling from mid-April and go out the chamber in batches, container all is buried in the earth, to avoid coerced by summer environment; Above measure can promote rootstock seedling root system development and Fast Growth greatly;
(5) in the first tenday period of a month in May rootstock seedling prosperous long-term, basal part of stem is smeared 300～800mgL
-1Gibberellins solution, effectively promote leading thread to increase slightly, can breed a large amount of leading threads to early July and reach the high-quality rootstock seedling that meets the grafting requirement more than the 0.5cm;
(6) carry out grafting in early July according to conventional method, the plastic strip of grafting port part lightened restrictions in 10～15 days behind the grafting survival, the stock at 1cm place, scion bud top is wiped out, use simultaneously 200～500mgL
-1Gibberellin smear the scion bud, strengthen rich water quality management, can make the scion bud sprout into the branch of 30～40cm, to late December grafting height can reach 50～60cm go out the garden standard, namely cultivate apocarya " three work as " the breeding seedling of raised growth stalwartness, more traditional seedling raising manners shortened for 2 years.
Described hotbed is the electric seed bed heater that horticultural crop is grown seedlings and generally uses.
Matrix described in the step (4) is preferably the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlite, vermiculite, become thoroughly decomposed rice husk and rural area soil is mixed to get mixture according to the volume ratio of 2 ~ 8:0.5 ~ 4:0.1 ~ 3:0.1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3.5, add 1 ~ 5 kilogram of slow-release fertilizer and 88 ~ 105 gram rare-earth fertilizers according to every cubic metre of mixture again, mix gained; More preferably the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlite, vermiculite, become thoroughly decomposed rice husk and rural area soil are mixed to get mixture according to the volume ratio of 4:2:1:1:2, add 3 kilograms of slow-release fertilizers and 100 gram rare-earth fertilizers according to every cubic metre of mixture again, mix gained.
Described slow-release fertilizer is commercially available or homemade meeting, any one slow-release fertilizer of " slow release fertilizer " national standard.
Described rare-earth fertilizer is any one commercially available rare-earth fertilizer.
The environmental condition of the described plastic tunnel of step (4) is: day temperature 10-20 ℃ (the interior natural temperature of booth mid-March), 2-10 ℃ of evening (natural temperature under the booth closed state), humidity 75-90%, illumination utilizes natural daylight.
Key point of the present invention
(1) adopts the gibberellin of certain concentration to soak the dormancy that seed is broken seed fast, in hotbed, carry out the vernalization of seed in advance;
(2) directly in the growing point of bud seedling stage excision main root, inspire lateral root.
(3) adopt the customised container of specific dimensions, self-control matrix to carry out container nursery, in the greenhouse, after the transition container all is buried in the earth.
(4) prosperous long-term at rootstock seedling, basal part of stem is smeared Gibberellins solution and is promoted that leading thread increases slightly, breeds the high-quality rootstock seedling that meets in a large number the grafting requirement at the suitableeest grafting period;
(5) in time wipe out stock behind the grafting survival, smear short its branch of gibberellin at the scion bud, strengthen rich water quality management, make grafting highly reach the garden standard.
With above-mentioned every complete sets of Techniques, can cultivate apocarya high-quality " three when " (educate then anvil, then grafting, go out the garden then) the breeding seedling of robust growth.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the present invention is by adopting Gibberellins solution to soak the dormancy that the apocarya seed is broken seed fast, adopt electric seed bed heater to carry out ahead of time the vernalization of seed, be completely cured in the bud seedling stage, with technology such as the direct field planting of bud seedling, sowing during tradition grown seedlings, transplant, be completely cured, the operation of the complexity such as field planting is reduced to bud seedling rear field planting one procedure of being completely cured, greatly save time and recruitment, easy to operation; Vernalization in hotbed, emergence rate reach more than 92%, and more traditional seedling raising manners is high more than 60%, and it is comparatively neat to emerge.Whole process is grown seedlings than traditional land for growing field crops outdoor sowing and was emerged ahead of time 3 months, greatly shortens the time of seed seedling, improves breeding efficiency.
(2) the present invention adopts the container of customization and homemade matrix to carry out the cultivation of apocarya seedling, can save the soil more than 50%, and using water wisely is more than 50%; Homemade seedling medium is conducive to the quick healthy and strong growth of apocarya nursery stock, can obtain the high-quality rootstock seedling of a large amount of well developed root systems, overground part robust growth, and production efficiency improves 100%.
(3) container seedling is gone out the chamber behind the transition two weeks in the greenhouse, can avoid the harm of late frost and exposure in sunshine under the open country condition, promote growth of seedling; After going out the chamber container all is buried in the earth, has overcome the shortcoming that the receptor restriction of container seedling later stage and management are taken a lot of work, reduce the probability that container seedling suffers environment-stress, make the impetus of rootstock seedling maintenance Fast Growth and reduced the recruitment of taking off pot transplanting.
The growth of seedling under several different container modes of emplacements and moisture consumption and environment-stress situation are compared discovery (table 1), container all is buried in the earth, and height and the leading thread of nursery stock all behave oneself best, and the biomass of overground part is maximum, water consumption is minimum, and environment-stress is minimum.
The different modes of emplacements of table 1 container are on the impact of seedling growth
(4) smear 300～800mgL at the stem foot place for a long time in rootstock seedling is prosperous
-1Gibberellins solution, it is thick 40%～60% that the rootstock seedling leading thread is contrasted, and shortens the cultivation time 50%, and more traditional seedling-cultivating method obtained a large amount of rootstock seedlings up to standard in 1 year ahead of time, save seedling cost 100%, for the breeding nursery stock of cultivating a large amount of then graftings, going out the garden then provides guarantee.
(5) 10～15 days timely solutions are tied up behind the grafting survival, wipe out the stock part of scion bud top 1cm, use simultaneously 200～500mgL
-1Gibberellin smear the scion bud, can impel the scion bud to sprout into the branch of 30～40cm then, strengthen simultaneously fertilising, in time pour water, make grafting can go out the garden then.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the inventive method process chart.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The method of a kind of quickly breeding apocarya high-quality " three when " breeding seedling, process chart as described in Figure 1, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) on November 5th, 2010 with 100,000 apocarya seed 300mgL
-1Gibberellins solution soak after 12 hours, what place north orientation indoorly carries out that lamination is husky hid 60 days, temperature remains on 5-10 ℃, during turned over one time seed in per 10 days.
(2) on February 3rd, 2011 with the lamination breaking dormancy put into the plastic tunnel electric seed bed heater in batches, the control temperature is carried out high temperature vernalization about 40 days at 25-28 ℃, obtains the bud seedling in late Febuary, bud ratio reaches 92%.
(3) on March 3rd, 2011, when reaching 5cm, radicle cuts with a knife except the tip of a root position (the bud seedling is completely cured) of radicle when above;
(4) the bud seedling of being completely cured is planted in 13 * 22cm black plastic nutritive cube in batches, adopt self-control matrix.Self-control matrix is that the peat composed of rotten mosses (production of Jilin, northeast legendary god of farming group), perlite, vermiculite, become thoroughly decomposed rice husk and rural area soil are mixed to get mixture according to the volume ratio of 4:2:1:1:2, add 3 kilograms of slow-release fertilizer (imported from Americas according to every cubic metre of mixture again, trade name " green No. 5 difficult to understand ", composition: nitrogen: phosphorus: the ratio of potassium is: 14:13:13.Slow-release period: 5-6 month) and 100 gram rare-earth fertilizers (the high section of " green overlord " the board rare-earth fertilizer of Baotou Ruo Ersi composite fertilizer factory production is comprised of 17 kinds of elements.), mix gained.Container is positioned in the booth, 10～20 ℃ of day temperatures (being equivalent to the natural temperature in the early and middle ten days booth in March), 2～10 ℃ of evenings (being equivalent to the natural temperature under the booth closed state), humidity 80%, illumination utilizes natural daylight.Behind the two weeks, go out successively the chamber 20～April 5 March, container is all imbedded in the soil.
(5) smear 500mg/L gibberellin and process in the prosperous stem foot that carries out for a long time of the first tenday period of a month in May, 2011 rootstock seedling, obtain 90,000 strain left and right sides leading threads July and reach rootstock seedling more than the 0.5cm, compliance rate is 94%.
(6) carry out bud grafting from early July, 2011 to early September, during graft survival rate be more than 90%, obtain altogether about 8.2 ten thousand strains of grafting survival seedling.Carried out solution in 12 days and tie up behind grafting survival, wipe out the stock at 1cm position, scion bud top, late December can have 75% grafting branch length to reach 30～40cm, but then about 6.1 ten thousand strains of nursery stock wood.
Embodiment 2
The method of a kind of quickly breeding apocarya high-quality " three when " breeding seedling, process chart as described in Figure 1, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) on November 9th, 2009 with 100,000 apocarya seed 320mgL
-1Gibberellins solution soak after 10 hours, what place north orientation indoorly carries out that lamination is husky hid 65 days, temperature remains on 5-10 ℃, during turned over one time seed in per 10 days.
(2) on January 28th, 2010 with the lamination breaking dormancy put into the plastic tunnel electric seed bed heater in batches, the control temperature was carried out high temperature vernalization 38 days at 25-28 ℃, obtained the bud seedling in late Febuary, bud ratio reaches 94%.
(3) on March 8th, 2010, when reaching 5cm, radicle cuts with a knife except the tip of a root position (the bud seedling is completely cured) of radicle when above;
(4) the bud seedling of being completely cured is planted in 13 * 22cm black plastic nutritive cube in batches, adopt self-control matrix.Self-control matrix is that the peat composed of rotten mosses (production of Jilin, northeast legendary god of farming group), perlite, vermiculite, become thoroughly decomposed rice husk and rural area soil are mixed to get mixture according to the volume ratio of 2:0.5:0.3:0.2:1, add 1.5 kilograms of slow-release fertilizer (imported from Americas according to every cubic metre of mixture again, trade name " green No. 5 difficult to understand ", composition: nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium ratio=14:13:13, slow-release period: 5～6 months) and 90 gram rare-earth fertilizer (the high section of " green overlord " board rare-earth fertilizers, Baotou Ruo Ersi composite fertilizer factory produces, formed by 17 kinds of elements), mix gained.Container is positioned in the booth, day temperature 10-20 ℃ (being equivalent to the natural temperature in the early and middle ten days booth in March), 2-10 ℃ of evening (being equivalent to the natural temperature under the booth closed state), humidity 75%, illumination utilizes natural daylight.Behind the two weeks, go out successively the chamber 25-April 5 March, container is all imbedded in the soil.
(5) smear 350mg/L gibberellin and process in the prosperous stem foot that carries out for a long time of rootstock seedling on May 10th, 2010, obtain 90,000 strain left and right sides leading threads in early July and reach rootstock seedling more than the 0.5cm, compliance rate is 90%.
(6) carry out bud grafting from early July, 2010 to early September, during graft survival rate be more than 90%, obtain altogether about 8.1 ten thousand strains of grafting survival seedling.Carried out solution in 10 days and tie up behind grafting survival, wipe out the stock at 1cm position, scion bud top, late December can have 75% grafting branch length to reach 30-40cm, but then about 60,000 strains of nursery stock wood.
Embodiment 3
The method of a kind of quickly breeding apocarya high-quality " three when " breeding seedling, process chart as described in Figure 1, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) on November 2nd, 2010 with 100,000 apocarya seed 280mgL
-1Gibberellins solution soak after 11 hours, what place north orientation indoorly carries out that lamination is husky hid 65 days, temperature remains on 5-10 ℃, during turned over one time seed in per 10 days.
(2) on January 25th, 2011 with the lamination breaking dormancy put into the plastic tunnel electric seed bed heater in batches, the control temperature was carried out high temperature vernalization 38 days at 25-28 ℃, obtained the bud seedling in late Febuary, bud ratio reaches 92%.
(3) on March 10th, 2011, when reaching 5cm, radicle cuts with a knife except the tip of a root position (the bud seedling is completely cured) of radicle when above;
(4) the bud seedling of being completely cured is planted in 13 * 22cm black plastic nutritive cube in batches, adopt self-control matrix.Self-control matrix is that the peat composed of rotten mosses (production of Jilin, northeast legendary god of farming group), perlite, vermiculite, become thoroughly decomposed rice husk and rural area soil are mixed to get mixture according to the volume ratio of 8:3.5:2.8:2:1.7, add 5 kilograms of slow-release fertilizer (imported from Americas according to every cubic metre of mixture again, trade name " green No. 5 difficult to understand ", composition: nitrogen: phosphorus: the ratio of potassium is: 14:13:13.Slow-release period: 5-6 month) and 105 gram rare-earth fertilizers (the high section of " green overlord " the board rare-earth fertilizer of Baotou Ruo Ersi composite fertilizer factory production is comprised of 17 kinds of elements.), mix gained.Container is positioned in the booth, day temperature 10-20 ℃ (being equivalent to the natural temperature in the early and middle ten days booth in March), 2-10 ℃ of evening (being equivalent to the natural temperature under the booth closed state), humidity 75%, illumination utilizes natural daylight.Behind the two weeks, go out successively the chamber 30-April 7 March, container is all imbedded in the soil.
(5) smear 700mg/L gibberellin and process in the prosperous stem foot that carries out for a long time of rootstock seedling on May 10th, 2011, obtain 90,000 strain left and right sides leading threads in early July and reach rootstock seedling more than the 0.5cm, compliance rate is 90%.
(6) carry out bud grafting from early July, 2011 to early September, during graft survival rate be more than 90%, obtain altogether about 8.0 ten thousand strains of grafting survival seedling.Carried out solution in 10 days and tie up behind grafting survival, wipe out the stock at 1cm position, scion bud top, late December can have 75% grafting branch length to reach 30～40cm, but then about 60,000 strains of nursery stock wood.
Claims (7)
1. the method for a quickly breeding apocarya high-quality " three work as " breeding seedling is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) early November with seed with 280～320mgL
-1Gibberellins solution soaked 10～12 hours, then hid 50～65 days in indoor lamination is husky;
(2) beginning seed with breaking dormancy from mid-January places electric seed bed heater to carry out presprouting of seeds to take root;
(3) mid or late Febuary obtains the bud seedling, when radicle reaches the main root growing point of 5cm excision bud seedling when above, carries out the bud seedling and is completely cured;
(4) container nursery is carried out in the bud transplantation of seedlings of being completely cured in container matrix, obtained behind well-grown seedling in plastic tunnel transition 0.5～1 month, container all is buried in the earth after going out the chamber;
(5) prosperous long-term at rootstock seedling, basal part of stem is smeared 300～800mgL
-1Gibberellins solution, breed the high-quality rootstock seedling that meets in a large number the grafting requirement in early July;
(6) carry out grafting according to conventional method, wiped out the stock part at 1cm place, scion bud top in 10～15 days behind the grafting survival, the grafting bud is smeared 200～500mgL
-1Gibberellin, strengthen simultaneously rich water quality management, make the grafting bud sprout into 30～40cm branch, to late December grafting highly reach 50～60cm go out the garden standard, namely cultivate apocarya " three when " the breeding seedling of raised growth stalwartness.
2. the method for quickly breeding apocarya high-quality according to claim 1 " three work as " breeding seedling is characterized in that the customised container described in the step (4) is 10 ~ 15 * 20 ~ 25cm black plastic nutritive cube, preferred 13 * 22cm black plastic nutritive cube.
3. the method for quickly breeding apocarya high-quality according to claim 1 " three when " breeding seedling, it is characterized in that the matrix described in the step (4) is for being mixed to get mixture with the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlite, vermiculite, become thoroughly decomposed rice husk and rural area soil according to the volume ratio of 2 ~ 8:0.5 ~ 4:0.1 ~ 3:0.1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3.5, add 1 ~ 5 kilogram of slow-release fertilizer and 88 ~ 105 gram rare-earth fertilizers according to every cubic metre of mixture again, mix gained.
4. the method for quickly breeding apocarya high-quality according to claim 3 " three when " breeding seedling, it is characterized in that the matrix described in the step (4) is for being mixed to get mixture with the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlite, vermiculite, become thoroughly decomposed rice husk and rural area soil according to the volume ratio of 4:2:1:1:2, add 3 kilograms of slow-release fertilizers and 100 gram rare-earth fertilizers according to every cubic metre of mixture again, mix gained.
5. the method for quickly breeding apocarya high-quality according to claim 4 " three when " breeding seedling, it is characterized in that described slow-release fertilizer be commercially available or homemade meeting " slow release fertilizer " national standard any one slow-release fertilizer.
6. the method for quickly breeding apocarya high-quality according to claim 4 " three work as " breeding seedling is characterized in that described rare-earth fertilizer is any one commercially available rare-earth fertilizer.
7. the method for quickly breeding apocarya high-quality according to claim 1 " three when " breeding seedling, it is characterized in that the environmental condition in the described plastic tunnel of step (4) is: 10～20 ℃ of day temperatures, 2～10 ℃ of evenings, humidity 75%～90%, illumination utilizes natural daylight.
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