CN102318533B - Fast-growing cultivation method for Magnolia grandiflora Linn - Google Patents
Fast-growing cultivation method for Magnolia grandiflora Linn Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102318533B CN102318533B CN 201110243132 CN201110243132A CN102318533B CN 102318533 B CN102318533 B CN 102318533B CN 201110243132 CN201110243132 CN 201110243132 CN 201110243132 A CN201110243132 A CN 201110243132A CN 102318533 B CN102318533 B CN 102318533B
- Authority
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- Prior art keywords
- cultivation
- grafting
- year
- linn
- wide yulan
- Prior art date
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- 240000003293 Magnolia grandiflora Species 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 235000008512 Magnolia grandiflora Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000005819 Magnolia denudata Species 0.000 claims description 45
- 235000016094 Magnolia denudata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 37
- DEDOPGXGGQYYMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molinate Chemical compound 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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for Magnolia grandiflora Linn, belonging to the field of tree cultivation. The method comprises the following steps of: digging a farmland for 60cm deep to prepare the land in winter, conducting permanent planting cultivation to 1-year-old to 2-year-old Magnolia grandiflora Linn grafted seedlings, conducting spaced-plant transplanting within the last ten days of March to the beginning of April after two to three years, conducting pruning in spring and summer within three years after transplanting, keeping the height of a crown to be one third of the height of a tree, ensuring that a trunk does not have crotches at a position below 1.6m to 2.0m, pinching and removing unwanted sprouts in time and focusing on cultivating the trunk. By conducting scientific and effective cultivation management to the Magnolia grandiflora Linn through field planting, transplanting, water manure management, shaping and pruning, the survival rate of the grafted seedlings at an early stage can be well ensured, the development of the root systems of the grafted seedlings and the growth of the trunks are promoted at the same time and the growth speed and the seedling quality of the Magnolia grandiflora Linn are further improved through pruning. By adopting the method, the diameter of the cross-section of the tree trunk of the Magnolia grandifloraLinn can grow 2cm to 3cm every year and can grow to 12cm to 15cm when the Magnolia grandiflora Linn is 5-year to 6-year old.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of forest, relate in particular to the cultivation method of a kind of wide yulan.
Background technology
(formal name used at school: magnolia grandiflora linn) belong to Magnoliaceae, have another name called evergreen magnolia, bull bay originates in America to wide yulan, evergreen megaphanerophyte, high 20-30m.Filbert or the grey of bark is thin flakey cracking.Wide yulan growth happiness light, slightly anti-the moon during the children.Happiness warm and moist weather has certain cold tolerance.Flue dust and sulfur dioxide gas are had stronger resistance, and damage by disease and insect is few.Root system is deep and broad, and wind resistance power is strong.Particularly the tree seedling trunk is tall and straight, and tree vigo(u)r is grand, strong adaptability.Wide yulan tree performance is graceful, and evergreen all the year round, damage by disease and insect is few, thereby is good avenue tree planting, not only can provide necessary giving shade for the pedestrian in summer, can also beautify well streetscape.
The breeding of wide yulan is generally selected kind to broadcast, press strip and grafting method.Plant and broadcast general late September seed collecting, the sowing of late Febuary in next year; Press strip generally selects life in 2～3 years to enrich side shoot sturdy, that upwards carry out, carries out with mid-April～mid-May; Grafting is carried out cut-grafting generally take yulan magnolia, purple yu-lan (Magnolia liliflora) as stock before germinateing early spring.The nursery stock of traditional seedling raising manners is slow in this area growth rate, drought resistance, lodging resistance, poor water resistance, and transplanting survival rate is low.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide the cultivation method of a kind of wide yulan, be used for short cultivation and go out tall and straight, the colory wide yulan of trunk.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the cultivation method of a kind of wide yulan of the present invention, its method comprises: in the site preparation and fertilization in winter, 60 centimetres of dark carrying out wholely are dug in the field, every mu of basal dressing comprises: 800～1200 kilograms of chicken manures, composite fertilizer's 80～120 kg, or whenever apply 300～500 kilograms in cake fertilizer, 100～200 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of becoming thoroughly decomposed; The wide yulan grafting field planting of life in 1～2 year is cultivated, and spacing in the rows is 1.8m～2.5m, and line-spacing is 1.0m～1.8m, carries out transplanting every strain after 2～3 years at the beginning of late March to 4 month, and spacing in the rows is 1.8m～2.5m, and line-spacing is 2.0m～3.6m; In 3 years after the transplanting, prune in spring, summer, keeping height of tree crown is 1/3 of the height of tree, trunk under 1.6m～2.0m without bifurcated, in time pinching, except sprouting, and emphasis is cultivated trunk.
Wherein, site preparation and fertilization is divided into according to field loosing soil degree and entirely cultivates wholely and two kinds on the whole ground of ditching.If field soil compaction, the root root and stem of certain plants are more, should be with entirely cultivating whole ground.Entirely cultivate is first base manure to be applied in the field wholely, then adopts excavator entirely to cultivate soil deeptillage, and the degree of depth reaches 60 centimetres, the cleaning root root and stem of certain plants, and around digging and the drain ditch at center.To the loose field of world soil, comprise the paddy field, should adopt the trench digging method of soil preparation.It is 60～100 centimetres that trench digging is held successfully wide with excavator wholely, deeply reach 60 centimetres plantation ditch, table soil and core soil are placed on respectively the both sides of plantation ditch, spread straw into 10～15 cm thicks planting the ditch bottom, to show soil after cutting down and insert in the ditch 20 centimetres through freezing, again basal dressing.
Wide yulan of the present invention is adopted the grafting method breeding, described grafting in March～April by obtaining at stock with the wide yulan scion grafting of terminal bud.Described stock adopts yulan magnolia, purple yu-lan (Magnolia liliflora), and interface is liftoff 5～10 centimetres during grafting.
The present invention after by grafting field planting and the transplanting after the field planting, adjust planting density on the one hand, the more important thing is the growth that promotes root system, and cooperate trimming and finishing to promote the growth of trunk.The soil bulb diameter is 10 times of grafting rhizosphere diameter during described grafting lifting, and uses the straw rope colligation, prevents from breaking up native ball in the handling process.Plough deeply first whole ground when wide yulan is transplanted, transplant after using sufficient base manure.Dark 2 centimetres than rhizosphere place of transplanting depths shorten lifting to the time of transplanting as far as possible, nursery stock is rectified, and watered normal root water.
The first two years artificial weeding after the described wide yulan field planting adopted sweet peaceful, anti-this of standing grain of grass to carry out weeding in 2 years afterwards.
The First Year of field planting does not apply fertilizer after the grafting, and from the second year, annual early spring (late March), every strain applies each 0.3～0.5 jin of urea and composite fertilizer.Fertilizing method: in 20～25 centimetres of dark caves of delaying of wide yulan seedling collar 30 centimeters excavation, two kinds of fertilizer mixing are applied, will build after applying and tread Dang Kou.
Beneficial effect: the cultivation method of a kind of wide yulan of the present invention carries out science, effective cultivation management by field planting, transplanting, water and fertilizer management, pruning each side to wide yulan, promote the growth of grafting root system when the grafting of trying hard to keep in early days survives and make trunk grow, by growth rate and the nursery stock quality of pruning the wide yulan of further enhancing, adopt method provided by the invention can make diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground every year of wide yulan with the speed increment of 2～3cm, the wide yulan of 5～6 seedling ages can grow to 12～15 centimetres.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Select the hilllock to be close to preferably farmland of ground, draining, subterranean water level is less than 80 centimeters.In the site preparation and fertilization in winter, the every mu of basal dressing in field is comprised: 800～1200 kilograms of chicken manures, composite fertilizer's 80～120 kg, or whenever apply 300～500 kilograms in cake fertilizer, 100～200 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of becoming thoroughly decomposed.Adopt excavator entirely to cultivate soil deeptillage, the degree of depth reaches 60 centimetres, the cleaning root root and stem of certain plants, and around digging and the drain ditch at center.The wide yulan grafting field planting of life in 1～2 year is cultivated, the soil bulb diameter is 10 times of grafting rhizosphere diameter during the grafting lifting, and use the straw rope colligation, prevent from breaking up native ball in the handling process, the field planting spacing in the rows is 1.8m～2.5m, line-spacing is 1.0m～1.8m, carries out after 2～3 years transplanting every strain at the beginning of late March to 4 month, ploughs deeply first whole ground when wide yulan is transplanted, transplants after using sufficient base manure.Dark 2 centimetres than rhizosphere place of transplanting depths shorten lifting to the time of transplanting as far as possible, nursery stock is rectified, and watered normal root water, and the spacing in the rows of transplanting is 1.8m～2.5m, and line-spacing is 2.0m～3.6m; In 3 years after the transplanting, prune in spring, summer, keeping height of tree crown is 1/3 of the height of tree, trunk under 1.6～2.0m without bifurcated, in time pinching, except sprouting, and emphasis is cultivated trunk.
Wherein, grafting in March～April by will obtaining at yulan magnolia or purple yu-lan (Magnolia liliflora) stock with the wide yulan scion grafting of terminal bud, interface is liftoff 5～10 centimetres during grafting.The First Year of field planting does not apply fertilizer after the grafting, and from the second year, annual early spring (late March), every strain applies each 0.3～0.5 jin of urea and composite fertilizer.Fertilizing method: in 20～25 centimetres of dark caves of delaying of wide yulan seedling collar 30 centimeters excavation, two kinds of fertilizer mixing are applied, will build after applying and tread Dang Kou.The first two years artificial weeding after the wide yulan field planting adopted sweet peaceful, anti-this of standing grain of grass to carry out weeding in 2 years afterwards.
Embodiment 2
Select the hilllock to be close to preferably farmland of ground, draining, subterranean water level is less than 80 centimeters.In the site preparation and fertilization in winter, holding successfully wide with excavator is 60～100 centimetres, deeply reach 60 centimetres plantation ditch, table soil and core soil are placed on respectively the both sides of planting ditch, spread straw into 10～15 cm thicks at plantation ditch bottom, will show soil after cutting down and insert in the ditch 20 centimetres through freezing, again basal dressing, every mu of basal dressing comprises: 800～1200 kilograms of chicken manures, composite fertilizer's 80～120 kg, or whenever apply 300～500 kilograms in cake fertilizer, 100～200 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
The wide yulan grafting field planting of life in 1～2 year is cultivated, the soil bulb diameter is 10 times of grafting rhizosphere diameter during the grafting lifting, and use the straw rope colligation, prevent from breaking up native ball in the handling process, the field planting spacing in the rows is 1.8m～2.5m, line-spacing is 1.0m～1.8m, carries out after 2～3 years transplanting every strain at the beginning of late March to 4 month, ploughs deeply first whole ground when wide yulan is transplanted, transplants after using sufficient base manure.Dark 2 centimetres than rhizosphere place of transplanting depths shorten lifting to the time of transplanting as far as possible, nursery stock is rectified, and watered normal root water, and the spacing in the rows of transplanting is 1.8m～2.5m, and line-spacing is 2.0m～3.6m; In 3 years after the transplanting, prune in spring, summer, keeping height of tree crown is 1/3 of the height of tree, trunk under 1.6～2.0m without bifurcated, in time pinching, except sprouting, and emphasis is cultivated trunk.
Wherein, grafting in March～April by will obtaining at yulan magnolia or purple yu-lan (Magnolia liliflora) stock with the wide yulan scion grafting of terminal bud, interface is liftoff 5～10 centimetres during grafting.The First Year of field planting does not apply fertilizer after the grafting, and from the second year, annual early spring (late March), every strain applies each 0.3～0.5 jin of urea and composite fertilizer.Fertilizing method: in 20～25 centimetres of dark caves of delaying of wide yulan seedling collar 30 centimeters excavation, two kinds of fertilizer mixing are applied, will build after applying and tread Dang Kou.The first two years artificial weeding after the wide yulan field planting adopted sweet peaceful, anti-this of standing grain of grass to carry out weeding in 2 years afterwards.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the cultivation method of a wide yulan is characterized in that the method comprises:
In the site preparation and fertilization in winter, the field is dug 60 centimetres deeply carry out whole ground, every mu of basal dressing comprises: 800～1200 kilograms of chicken manures, composite fertilizer's 80～120 kg, or every mu apply 300～500 kilograms in cake fertilizer, 100～200 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of becoming thoroughly decomposed;
The wide yulan grafting field planting of life in 1～2 year is cultivated, and spacing in the rows is 1.8m～2.5m, and line-spacing is 1.0m～1.8m, carries out transplanting every strain after 2～3 years at the beginning of late March to 4 month, and spacing in the rows is 1.8m～2.5m, and line-spacing is 2.0m～3.6m;
In 3 years after the transplanting, prune in spring, summer, keeping height of tree crown is 1/3 of the height of tree, trunk under 1.6m～2.0m without bifurcated, in time pinching, except sprouting, and emphasis is cultivated trunk.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of wide yulan according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described grafting in March～April by obtaining at stock with the wide yulan scion grafting of terminal bud.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of wide yulan according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the soil bulb diameter is 10 times of grafting rhizosphere diameter during described grafting lifting.
4. the cultivation method of a kind of wide yulan according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the first two years artificial weeding after the described wide yulan field planting, adopted sweet peaceful, anti-this of standing grain of grass to carry out weeding in 2 years afterwards.
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| CN102648682B (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-10-23 | 嘉汉城市生态苗木(苏州)有限公司 | Large-scale magnolia grandiflora container seedling cultivation and planting method |
| CN102972164B (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-01-29 | 溧阳市天目湖保健品有限公司 | Planting method for magnolia biondii |
| CN103460917B (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2015-07-22 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Plantation method capable of preventing magnolia grandiflora from lodging |
| CN103314757B (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2015-07-08 | 句容市林场 | Cultivating method for advancing flowering period of potted magnolia |
| CN103598019B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-04-29 | 翟小峰 | Grafting cultivation method of magnolia denudata and magnolia grandiflora |
| CN104206183B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-01-06 | 金寨县万紫千红农业科技开发有限公司 | The method of yulan magnolia grafting purple yu-lan (Magnolia liliflora) |
| CN104488494A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-08 | 安顺市西秀区春实绿化苗木有限公司 | Efficient magnolia grandiflora cultivation method |
| CN105284526A (en) * | 2015-10-25 | 2016-02-03 | 湖北京穗农林科技发展有限公司 | Rapid culture method for magnolia grandiflora |
| CN106105641A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of southern magnolia |
| CN106718087A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-31 | 蚌埠市金牛湾农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of wide yulan |
| CN106717953A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽圆梦建筑有限公司 | A kind of blue implantation methods of carbuncle |
| CN106613700A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 徐维 | Southern magnolia efficient cultivation method |
| CN106665248A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-17 | 孙立成 | Planting method for preventing southern magnolia lodging |
| CN106613698A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 孙立成 | Magnolia grandiflora horticultural form directive cultivation method |
| CN106818230A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-13 | 湖北众森生态林业股份有限公司 | An engrafting method is changed in Magnolia wufengensis nursery stock early spring cleft grafting |
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