CN101341846B

CN101341846B - Same-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetables in greenhouse

Info

Publication number: CN101341846B
Application number: CN2008100792838A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马新增
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-08-23
Filing date: 2008-08-23
Publication date: 2010-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-23
Also published as: CN101341846A

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuous farming method of the same root seedlings of vine vegetables; the method is carried out in a green house; the temperature of the greenhouse is 13 DEG C to 30 DEG C, the humidity is 60 percent to 85 percent and the light time is no fewer than 8h every day; before grafting, the cultured rootstock seedling is planted at the transposition points 4 days to 5 days in advance; after the seedlings grow into strong seedlings, 30cm to 50cm young vine sprouts are selected as grafts; a cutting blade is used to chamfercut from down to top between two sections of everygraft, and the depth is 1.5cm to 2.5cm and the depth is no less than one third of the diameter of the young sprouts; the cutting blade is used to cut both sides in the middle of the leaves in the second section of the rootstock seedling into sharp wedge shape, and the length is consistent with the notch depth of the grafts; then the two sides are butted and bound with the grafts; one month after the cut is healed, the binding is untied; old vines are cut off from below the grafting cut, pulled up together with old roots and removed outside the greenhouse; the old vines are pulled up after being cut off, plant residue is picked out to receive disinfection, and then organic fertilizer is added in. The seedling grafted through the method has high survival rate, high yield and can realize continuous production.

Description

The greenhouse same-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetables

Technical field

The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of liana class vegetables, specifically a kind of greenhouse same-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetables.

Background technology

At present, the traditional cultivation method of home and overseas liana class vegetables, nothing more than seeding and seedling raising cultivation, graft seedling growth cultivation, soilless culture or stop the root cultivation, seasonal periodicity changes in addition, growth, as a result the time short, at the bottom of the output; And consume a large amount of working time, increased production cost.After the greenhouse culture pattern has been arranged, off-season cultivation occurred, the production time prolongs, and output has obtained certain raising.Along with the arriving of computer age, automation control in greenhouse is achieved, and production time, output are further enhanced.Batch production occurs although produce vegetables, but do not broken away from traditional vegetables mode of production.

The traditional cultivation method, after tendril grew into certain-length, root system, tendril wore out, conducting tissue is oversize, nutrient consumption is too big, caused yield and quality to descend at last, pulled out until dying.This method has not only increased labour intensity and production cost simultaneously, and the output raising also is restricted.

Summary of the invention

Design philosophy of the present invention is at the backwardness of existing liana class vegetable growing technology, provides a kind of widely applicable, the simple greenhouse of method same-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetables.

Realize the foregoing invention purpose by the following technical solutions: a kind of greenhouse same-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetables, this method is employing cultivating seeds of the same race strong sprout, young sprout with liana vegetables of the same race, carry out the cultivation of grafting dystopy, serving as that cultivation is basic with " organic ecological soilless culture substrate " in the greenhouse carries out, and its cultivation method comprises the steps:

A, cultivation condition:

1. greenhouse experiment: temperature was controlled at 13-30 ℃, humidity 60-85%, light application time every day more than 8 hours;

2. tendril condition: the old climing length of liana class vegetables reaches 10 meters, transportation nutrient ability drop, and the shoot growth impetus begins to slow down, and bearing capacity descends, tendril and root suberification, and the anosis insect bite evil of tendril;

3. with the offspring condition: in the nursery of 15-30 ℃ of temperature environment, cultivate seed seedling of the same race with the soilless-cultivated seedling method in advance, when new seedling stipes length to two joint was above, pinching in time impelled the plant thickening growth.By the time transplanting period, seedling directly reach 1-1.5cm during strong sprout as rootstock seedling, carry out the dystopy cultivation;

B, cultivation method:

1. near dystopy condition: in dystopy period, provide the transposition environment strong sprout for transplanting old climing with root earlier, before grafting 4-5 days, will transplant near transposition environment between old climing strain strong sprout with rootstock and cultivate;

2. grafting method: the tendril new-tip length 30-50cm that selects and remain, cut sth. askew from bottom to top with blade in the position between two joints, and incision length is between 1.5-2.5cm, and its degree of depth is no more than 1/2nd of diameter; Diameter of section with rootstock strong sprout is not less than 2/3rds of young sprout diameter, keep the first segment blade, get the above mid portion of first segment, cut its both sides wedgewise with blade, its length is consistent with the young sprout notch depth, and the two butt joint back is fixed with immobilising device with grafting;

C, final-period management: treat that the tendril wound healing after 30-50 days, opens bondage, look its healing degree, 2-3cm cuts off always climingly under the grafting wound, and Lian Laogen together pulls up, and shifts out the greenhouse.

With above-mentioned cultivation method culturing vegetable, its method has broken through traditional cultivation mode, has realized the lasting cultivation of liana class vegetables.And labour intensity of the present invention is low, production cost is low, and output can reach maximization.The present invention in time enables same offspring, upgrade root system, shorten climing always, with newly grow, reduce the time of nourishing and growing slightly jointly and cultivate number of times, make full use of existing plant tissue, bring into play its potential, increase its reproductive growth time, realize continuing the production purpose, and then reach maximum production.Technical scheme of the present invention has been opened up a kind of new approaches for continuing cultivation tendril class vegetables, simultaneously for realizing that factory culture and vegetable soilless culture provide a kind of new method.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail.

Cultivation principle of the present invention is:

1, liana class vegetables of the same race carry out grafting, and are mutually the same on the internal organizational structure, in physiology and the heredity, exist very strong affinity, the graft survival rate height.

2, the root system point histocyte vitality of newly cultivating rice shoot is better than the root system tissue of long-time growth.

3, the new top of part slightly of most lianes belongs to the indeterminate growth type; There is sprouting of lateral bud to grow up to young sprout again, the characteristic that replaces main climing continuation to grow forward.As long as nutrient abundance, environment, growth conditions suit, there is the possibility of growth continuously.

4, liane is in process of growth, and constantly lengthening growth is transported nutrient apart from lengthening, root, stem are climing aging gradually, absorb the nutrient ability and descend gradually, directly influence the quality and quantity of fruit, last because seasonal periodicity changes, and impels it to stop growing or enters resting state.

Cultivation matrix of the present invention is selected " organic ecological soilless culture substrate " for use.This method is employing cultivating seeds of the same race strong sprout, with the young sprout of tendril vegetables of the same race, carries out the cultivation of grafting dystopy.With the cucumber cultivation is example, and its planting environment and method are as follows:

A, cultivation condition:

1. greenhouse experiment: it is to be no less than 8 hours every day that temperature is controlled at 13-30 ℃, humidity about 60-85%, light application time.

2. tendril condition: the old climing length of cucumber vine reaches more than 10 meters, and transportation nutrient ability begins to descend, and the shoot growth impetus begins to slow down, and blade is thin and little, and bearing capacity descends, and tendril is aging, and root is suberification, and guarantees the anosis insect bite evil of tendril.

3. with the offspring condition: in the nursery of 15-30 ℃ of temperature environment, with the seedling of soilless-cultivated seedling method cultivation cucumber, when new seedling stipes length to two joint was above, pinching in time impelled the seedling thickening growth in advance.By the time transplanting period, seedling directly reach 1-1.5cm during strong sprout as rootstock seedling, carry out the dystopy cultivation;

B, cultivation method:

1. dystopy condition: when dystopy is cultivated, before grafting 4-5 days, cucumber transplanted near the dystopy environment that is provided between the Lao Miao strain strong sprout cultivate.

2. grafting method: the cucumber vine new-tip length 30-50cm that selects and remain, cut sth. askew from bottom to top with blade in the position between two joints, and incision length is between 1.5-2.5cm, and its degree of depth is no more than 1/2nd of diameter; Diameter of section with root strong sprout is not less than 1/2nd of young sprout diameter, keep the first segment blade, get the above mid portion of first segment, cut its both sides wedgewise with blade, its length is consistent with the young sprout notch depth, and the plastic strip bondage is fixed or used in the two butt joint back with Grafting clip.

C, final-period management: treat that the cucumber vine wound healing after 30-50 days, opens bondage, look its healing degree, 2-3cm cuts off always climingly under the grafting wound, and Lian Laogen together pulls up, and shifts out the greenhouse.

Go climing after, cut off old climing after, extract always climing, sort out Lao Ye and other plant residues, carry out the organic thorough disinfection comprehensively of primary space sterilization and cultivation simultaneously and handle, add fertilizer then, in order to the usefulness of changing root next time.Go climing before, newly change the root system base portion and will impose some phosphorus potash fertilizer and an amount of pouring water; Go will append instant nitrogenousfertilizer one time after climing, and in time pour water, it is consistent with seedling growth to accomplish newly to plant seedling as far as possible, and short its nourished and grown and transformed to its reproductive growth.If growing way is inconsistent or the plant that the disease worm endangers occurs, and can not arbitrarily remove, note strengthening independent management, can consider the use of top dressing and cooperation agricultural chemicals.General when changing root, 1-2 weeks changed root in advance to it to time less important comprehensively.If newly do not made progress growing ability slightly really, enable standby seedling and substitute.

Enabling opportunity of standby seedling should be placed at every turn and change the root phase comprehensively, if standby seedling is on the weak side in the plant young sprout of growing, can be in to change the root phase comprehensively, and transposition in 4-5 days is in advance planted, and it is consistent with seedling growth to accomplish newly to plant standby seedling as far as possible.

Change root cultivation use continuously when organic matrix and reach more than 2 years, should thoroughly remove, change fresh organic culture substrate.Before removing the back and more renewing matrix, cultivating groove is carried out killing of a thorough disinfection sterilization and worm's ovum, can consider to change the bottom mulch film in case of necessity or heavily spread the new film of one deck.Local easily take place which disease and insect pest are mainly seen in bactericide and utilization of pesticides, make with medicament targetedly.

The rice shoot that adopts nursery lot to cultivate adopts with the standby seedling of offspring cultivating seeds.Standby plant is before changing root at every turn, adopts the soilless-cultivated seedling technology, cultivates strong sprout in about 1-2 months in advance, and the standard in its strong sprout is with reference to former soilless-cultivated seedling technology.

Change root when for the first time, continue the result after, after weakening appears in growth potential once more, about old climing vice-minister to 10 again meter after, just can consider to change root once more, it changes method for root, final-period management is equal to above method.As long as young sprout has upwards growing ability, just can realize the continuous several times grafting and root-changing.

Claims

1. greenhouse same-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetables, this method is employing cultivating seeds of the same race strong sprout, young sprout with liana vegetables of the same race, carry out the cultivation of grafting dystopy, serving as that cultivation is basic with " organic ecological soilless culture substrate " in the greenhouse carries out, it is characterized in that its cultivation method comprises the steps:

A, cultivation condition:

3. with the offspring condition: in advance in the nursery of 15-30 ℃ of temperature environment, cultivate seed seedling of the same race with the soilless-cultivated seedling method, when new seedling stipes length to two joint is above, pinching in time, impel the plant thickening growth, by the time transplanting period, seedling directly reach 1-1.5cm during strong sprout as with rootstock strong sprout, carry out the dystopy cultivation;

B, cultivation method:

2. according to the greenhouse same-root continuous cultivation method for lianas vegetables shown in the claim 1, it is characterized in that, change root after, when its growing way occurs weakening, continues bearing capacity once more and descends once more, change root once more.