CN115918464A - Winter wheat breeding method for multiple generations in one year - Google Patents
Winter wheat breeding method for multiple generations in one year Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The application discloses a winter wheat one-year multi-generation breeding method, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting seeds; (2) seed soaking and germination accelerating: the selected seeds are treated with 0.1 to 0.3 percent of H 2 O 2 After soaking for 20-24 hours, sowing the seeds into a culture dish paved with wet filter paper, and germinating at about 25 ℃; (3) vernalization: planting the germinated seeds in a seed culturing box or a nutrition pot, and vernalizing under the illumination of 18-20h/d at the temperature of 6-10 ℃; (4) transplanting and cultivating: transplanting the vernalized seedlings into an artificial climate room for cultivation, wherein the temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the illumination is 20-22h/d; (5) harvesting: the transplanted seedlings bloom after 15 to 20 days, and can be harvested after 20 to 25 days. By using the method, the winter wheat can be cultivated for 5 generations in a year in the whole growth period of 2-2.5 months, and the breeding efficiency is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the breeding method is carried out in an artificial culture room, so that the breeding process does not need to be carried out in a small scaleThe wheat is transplanted to other places, so that the breeding cost is reduced, and the loss in the transportation process is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop breeding, in particular to a winter wheat one-year multi-generation breeding method.
Background
Common wheat (Triticum aestivum l.) is one of the world's most important cereal crops, rich in protein, carbohydrates and minerals, and is a staple food source for 30% of the world's population. By 2050, the global population is expected to exceed 90 hundred million, and the wheat yield needs to be improved by more than 50% to meet future demands. The traditional wheat growing period is long, and the wheat planting is influenced by the external environmental conditions such as increased input cost, extreme weather caused by climate change and the like. Therefore, how to accelerate the breeding process of the wheat is an important problem which needs to be overcome urgently in the genetic breeding of the wheat. The rapid breeding method of spring wheat is basically solved, but the wheat in China is mainly winter wheat or semi-winter wheat, vernalization is needed, and the conventional breeding is only one generation every year; the conventional generation adding can only harvest 2-3 generations in one year, and the seeds have less quantity and poor quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for breeding winter wheat for more than one year, which aims to overcome the defects in the background technology.
The inventor aims at the research of vernalization of winter wheat at present, and can realize the conversion from vegetative growth to reproductive growth based on the fact that vernalization is low-temperature requirement of winter wheat for a period of time.
However, for a long time, research and production have considered that 4 ℃ is the standard temperature for vernalization of winter wheat, and seeds are imbibed, and the radicle breaks through the seed coat and then is placed in a dark place for vernalization (usually placed in a refrigerator), or is vernalized under short light (8 hours light/16 hours dark), while in the latter, after vernalization, the seedlings only have one complete leaf spreading.
In order to research a new winter wheat vernalization technology and break the inherent cognition of technicians in the field for a long time, the aim of short-period winter wheat breeding is fulfilled;
based on the technical scheme, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method of breeding winter wheat for more than one year, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Seed selection: selecting full wheat seeds for breeding;
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating: the selected seeds are treated with 0.1 to 0.3 percent of H 2 O 2 After soaking for 20-24 hours, sowing the seeds into a culture dish paved with wetting filter paper, and germinating at 20-25 ℃ until the young embryos break through the exposed white of the seed coats;
(3) Vernalization: planting the germinated seeds in a seed culturing box or a nutrition pot, vernalizing at 6-10 ℃, illuminating for 18-20h/d, vernalizing for 25-30 days to obtain seedlings;
(4) Transplanting and cultivating: transplanting the vernalized seedlings into an artificial climate room for cultivation, wherein the temperature is 25-30 ℃, the illumination is 20-22h/d, and the seedlings bloom in 15-20 days;
(5) Harvesting: after blooming to before ripening: the light intensity is 250-300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The light intensity, the illumination time is 18-20 hours/day, and the temperature is 25-30 ℃. Harvesting after 20-25 days after flowering.
In an optional embodiment, in the step (1), the wheat seed is one of winter wheat, a weak winter wheat material and a spring wheat material.
In an alternative embodiment, in step (3), for the purpose of seed reproduction, the germinated seeds are planted in nutrition pots with a diameter of 12cm and a height of 10cm, and 1 germinated seed is uniformly planted in each nutrition pot.
In an alternative embodiment, in step (3), for breeding purposes, the germinating seeds are planted at an area of 20cm per hole 2 And the depth of the hole is 11 cm.
In an optional embodiment, in the step (3), the nutrition pot or the seed culture box contains nutrition soil, the PH value of the nutrition soil is 5-6, the nitrogen content of the nutrition soil is 5-6%, and the organic matter content is 94-95%.
In an alternative embodiment, each bowl contains 900cm 3 ～1000cm 3 The nutrient soil or each breeding box contains 150cm 3 ～200cm 3 The nutrient soil.
In an alternative embodiment, the conditions of the climatic chamber of step (4) are: after vernalization to before blooming, the light intensity is 250-300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The illumination time is 18-20 hours/day, and the temperature is 22-25 ℃;
after blooming to before ripening: the light intensity is 250-300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The illumination time is 18-20 hours/day, and the temperature is 25-30 ℃.
In an alternative embodiment, in the step (4), the light in the artificial climate chamber is an LED spectrum formed by mixing 56-64% of red light, 18-22% of blue light and 18-22% of green light.
In an alternative embodiment, in step (4), the management during the transplanting cultivation process comprises: watering in good time 10 days before vernalization-maturity to ensure that the water content of the soil is 75-85%; the watering amount is reduced 10 days before the soil is mature, so that the water content of the soil is 35-45%.
In an optional embodiment, in step (4), the managing during the transplanting cultivation further comprises: and (2) applying a slow release fertilizer while sowing, wherein the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the slow release fertilizer is 15-20%, 15-20% and 15-20%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in order to realize the cultivation of more than 5 generations in one year, the scheme breaks through the traditional vernalization thought, the design starts from the improvement of the step of vernalization of winter wheat, the vernalization temperature of the winter wheat is increased, and meanwhile, the new breeding thought of long illumination is given, so that the time from sowing to heading is greatly shortened, and the foundation is laid for realizing the cultivation of more than 5 generations in one year.
The invention discloses a method for cultivating winter wheat for more than one generation in one year, which comprises the steps of seed selection, seed soaking and germination acceleration, artificial vernalization and cultivation in an artificial cultivation room, wherein seeds can be harvested 20-25 days after wheat plants bloom.
The application combines the artificial vernalization treatment and the indoor cultivation technology, and greatly shortens the whole growth period of winter wheat; when the method is used for breeding, the full growth cycle is 2-2.5 months, 5 generations can be cultivated in one year, sufficient seeds can be harvested, the breeding efficiency is effectively improved, the scientific research cost of generation-added breeding is saved, and the method is suitable for popularization and application. Meanwhile, the breeding method is mainly carried out in a manual culture room, so that the wheat does not need to be transplanted to other places in the breeding process, the breeding cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the loss in the transportation process is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the period from vernalization to heading according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing vernalization according to the present invention with vernalization according to the conventional method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
The application discloses a winter wheat breeding method for more than one year, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Seed selection: and (4) selecting plump wheat seeds for breeding.
In this embodiment, the wheat seed is one of winter wheat, a weak winter wheat material, and a spring wheat material.
It should be noted that winter wheat, weak winter wheat, and spring wheat refer to varieties of wheat, and winter wheat refers to wheat grown in winter.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating: the selected seeds are treated with 0.1 to 0.3 percent of H 2 O 2 After soaking for 20-24 hours, the seeds are sowed in a culture dish paved with wetting filter paper and germinate at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ until the young embryos break through the white exposed seed coats.
(3) Vernalization: planting the germinated seeds in a seed culturing box or a nutrition pot, vernalizing at 6-10 ℃, and illuminating for 18-20h/d to obtain seedlings.
For the purpose of seed reproduction, the germinated seeds are planted in nutrition pots with diameter of 12cm and height of 10cm, 1 germinated seed is uniformly planted in each nutrition pot, and each nutrition pot contains 900cm 3 ～1000cm 3 The pH value of the nutrient soil is 5-6, the nitrogen content in the nutrient soil is 5-6%, the organic matter content is 94-95%, and the water content is 38-39%.
For breeding purposes, the germinated seeds are planted in a hole area of 20cm 2 The hole depth is 11cm, each breeding box contains 150cm 3 ～200cm 3 The PH value of the nutrient soil is 5-6, the nitrogen content in the nutrient soil is 5-6%, the organic matter content is 94-95%, and the water content is 38-39%.
It should be noted that vernalization in this example refers to a phenomenon in which plants grow by passing from the vegetative reproductive stage to the reproductive stage with a sustained low temperature for a certain period of time.
(4) Transplanting and cultivating: the seedlings are transferred to an artificial climate chamber for cultivation, and the flowers bloom after 15 to 20 days.
In this example, the climatic chamber conditions were: after vernalization to before blooming, the light intensity is 250-300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The illumination time is 18-20 hours/day, and the temperature is 22-25 ℃; after flowering to before maturation: the light intensity is 250-300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The illumination time is 20-22 hours/day, and the temperature is 25-30 ℃. The light of the artificial climate chamber is an LED spectrum formed by mixing red light with the wavelength of 640-660 nm, blue light with the wavelength of 440-470 nm and green light with the wavelength of 520-560 nm, and the three light qualities are 56% -64%, 18% -22% and 18% -22% respectively.
In this embodiment, the management in the transplanting cultivation process includes: watering in good time 10 days before vernalization-maturity to ensure that the water content of the soil is 75-85%; and (3) reducing the watering amount 10 days before the seeds are mature, so that the water content of the soil is 35-45%, and promoting the dehydration and maturation of the seeds.
In this embodiment, the management during the transplanting cultivation further includes: and (2) applying a slow release fertilizer while sowing, wherein the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the slow release fertilizer is 15-20%, 15-20% and 15-20%.
It should be noted that the cultivation period should be kept ventilated, normal humidity, and sufficient CO 2 And (4) supplying.
(5) Harvesting: the seeds have the germination capacity 20-25 days after the flowering, and can be harvested in order to shorten the breeding period. However, if high-quality seeds are needed, the seeds can be harvested after being completely waxed and yellow and matured.
In this example, the harvested seeds can be used for both continued breeding and seed reproduction. In breeding, the methods of steps (1) to (5) are continuously employed. If the harvested seeds are mainly used for breeding, the embryo seeds are planted in a 96-well or 192-well breeding box in step (3).
Example 1
(1) Selecting plump and dwarf-resistant 58-winter wheat seeds, and placing the seeds at low temperature (4-8 ℃) for drying and storing;
(2) Using 0.1% H for short antibody 58 2 O 2 Soaking for 20h, and washing with tap water for 2-3 times.
(3) The seeds are sowed in a culture dish paved with wet filter paper and germinate at the temperature of 20 ℃ until the young embryos break through the white exposed seed coats.
(4) Put 150cm in advance in a 96-well breeding box 3 And (3) uniformly mixing the components to obtain the culture soil, wherein the pH value of the nutrient soil is 5, the nitrogen content in the nutrient soil is 6%, the organic matter content is 94% and the water content is 39%. And (3) applying a slow release fertilizer at the same time of sowing, wherein the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the slow release fertilizer are respectively 20%, 20% and 20%. Planting germinated seeds breaking through radicles with the seed coats of 0.8-1.2mm in a breeding box, vernalizing at 8 ℃, illuminating for 18h, watering in time (keeping the water content of soil at about 75%), checking whether winter wheat seedlings are uprised and pulled out in about 30 days, and if the winter wheat seedlings are uprised and pulled out, indicating that the vernalization stage of the strong winter wheat is finished, and obtaining the wheat seedlings at the moment.
(5) The vernalized dwarf seedlings are transferred into an artificial climate chamber for cultivation, and the light intensity of the artificial climate chamber is 250 umol.m after vernalization and before blooming -2 ·sec -1 The illumination time is 20 hours/day, and the temperature is 22 ℃; after flowering to before maturation: the light intensity of the artificial climate chamber is 250 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The light intensity, the illumination time was 18 hours/day and the temperature was 25 ℃. The 96-hole breeding box is mainly used for breeding, each plant usually ensures 1 main tiller, the plant shoots after 15 days, and the plant height is about 40cm. Proper watering and fertilizing are needed in the artificial climate chamber cultivation process, and watering is carried out in due time (the water content is 75-80%) 10 days before vernalization-maturity under normal conditions, so that sufficient water is kept; and (3) gradually reducing the water supply (the water content is 35-40%) 10 days before the seeds are matured, and promoting the dehydration and maturation of the seeds.
(6) Mature 1 month after heading, each single plant has 10-15 seeds of main spike.
By adopting the method of the embodiment, the winter wheat seedlings after vernalization for about 1 month grow strongly and have tillering during transplanting. After transplanting, the ears can be spilt in long day (18-20 hours/day) and under proper temperature condition (22-25 ℃) for about 2 weeks. After the cultivation, proper temperature and light are matched, and cultivation management is carried out, so that the fruit can be matured within one half month. By using the method, the winter wheat can be cultivated for 5 generations in one year in the whole growth period of 2-2.5 months, and seeds with sufficient quantity can be harvested.
Example 2
(1) Selecting the seeds of the 18-week-plump winter wheat, and drying and storing the seeds at low temperature (4-8 ℃).
(2) With 0.3% of H 2 O 2 Soaking for 24h, and washing with tap water for 2-3 times.
(3) The seeds are sown in a culture dish paved with wet filter paper and germinate at 25 ℃ until the young embryos break through the white exposed seed coats.
(4) Planting germinated seeds which break through 0.8-1.2mm radicle of seed coat in nutrition pots with diameter of 12cm and height of 10cm, uniformly planting 1 seed in each nutrition pot, wherein each nutrition pot contains 900cm 3 The nutrient soil is applied with slow release fertilizer, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the slow release fertilizer are respectively 20%, 20% and 20%. Placing the nutrition pot in a flat-bottom tray, injecting water into the tray, and vernalizing at 10 deg.C. Wherein the pH value of the nutrient soil is 5.6, the nitrogen content in the nutrient soil is 4.4 percent, and the organic matter content is 94.3 percentThe water content was 38.1%. Watering every 5-7 days during the culture period, wherein the illumination time is 18 hours/day, checking whether the wheat seedlings rise and pull out joints after 25 days, and if the wheat seedlings rise and pull out joints, indicating that the vernalization stage of the weak winter wheat is finished, and obtaining the wheat seedlings.
(5) The vernalized Zhoumai 18 seedlings are transferred to a phytotron for culture. After vernalization to before blooming, the light intensity in the artificial climate chamber is 250 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The illumination time is 18 hours/day, and the temperature is 25 ℃; after flowering to before maturation: the light intensity of the artificial climate chamber is 300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The light intensity, the illumination time was 20 hours/day, and the temperature was 30 ℃. Usually, 3-5 tillers can grow after about 1 week of culture, the plant shoots after 15 days, the average effective spike number is 3-5 spikes, and the plant height is about 65cm. Proper watering and fertilizing are needed in the artificial climate chamber cultivation process, and watering is carried out in time 10 days before vernalization-maturity under normal conditions to keep sufficient water (the water content is 80-85%); and (3) gradually reducing the water supply (the water content is 35-40%) 10 days before the seeds are matured, and promoting the dehydration and maturation of the seeds.
(6) After heading, the rice is mature in 1 month, and 45-54 grains are planted in each ear. Thus, 130 seeds were obtained per individual plant.
Example 3
(1) Selecting plump 16-spring wheat seeds, and drying and storing the seeds at low temperature (4-8 ℃);
(2) With 0.2% of H 2 O 2 Soaking for 22h, and washing with tap water for 2-3 times.
(3) The seeds were sown in petri dishes with moistened filter paper and germinated at 23 ℃ until the young embryos broke through the white exposed seed coat.
(4) 170cm are placed in advance in a breeding box 3 Mixing the culture soil uniformly, selecting germinated seeds of 0.8-1.2mm radicles, and planting in 192-hole breeding box. And (3) applying a slow release fertilizer at the same time of sowing, wherein the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the slow release fertilizer are respectively 20%, 20% and 20%. Wherein the pH value of the nutrient soil is 6, the nitrogen content in the nutrient soil is 5%, the organic matter content is 94%, and the water content is 38.5%. Watering every 6 days during the cultivation period, applying the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer every 6 days,strengthening the seedling at 10 deg.c for 10 days.
(5) And (4) transferring the strong wheat seedlings to a phytotron for cultivation. Before flowering, the light intensity in the climatic chamber is 250 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The illumination time is 18 hours/day, and the temperature is 25 ℃; after flowering to before maturation: the light intensity of the artificial climate chamber is 300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The light intensity, the illumination time was 20 hours/day, and the temperature was 30 ℃. The 196-hole breeding box is used for breeding, 1 seedling usually ensures 1 main spike, and the plant height is about 40cm. Proper watering and fertilizing are needed in the artificial climate chamber cultivation process, and watering is carried out in time 10 days before vernalization-maturity under normal conditions to keep sufficient water (the water content is 80-85%); and (3) gradually reducing the water supply (the water content is 35-40%) 10 days before the seeds are matured, and promoting the dehydration and maturation of the seeds.
(6) After heading, the seeds are mature in 1 month, 5-10 seeds can be harvested from each main spike of each plant in each breeding box, and breeding requirements are met.
Example 4: control experiment
The research breaks through the traditional vernalization thought, as shown in figure 1, the vernalization temperature of winter wheat is increased to 6-10 ℃ (8 ℃ +/-2 ℃), specifically 8 ℃, and long-time illumination (18-20 hours of illumination and 2-4 hours of darkness) is given, specifically 20 hours of long-time illumination and 4 hours of darkness, and the light intensity is 250-300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 Specifically, 300 umol.m is selected -2 ·sec -1 Under such vernalization conditions, after 30 days of vernalization of winter wheat (in the case of dwarf 58), seedlings have had at least 5 fully developed leaves and have tillered (see fig. 1). When the vernalized dwarf seedlings are transferred into a greenhouse with long sunlight (20 hours of light/4 hours of darkness), the seedlings can be spilt in about 2 weeks, namely, only about 1 half month is needed from sowing to spilt.
We set the control group, vernalization with short day at 4 deg.C (8 hours light/16 hours dark), and winter wheat dwarfing for 30 days with only one fully developed leaf of the seedling. Shifting to normal light conditions (12 hours light/12 hours dark), short antibody 58 takes about 3 and a half months to shoot; the dwarfing antibody 58 has no unfolded leaves after being vernalized in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 30 days, and is moved to normal illumination conditions (12 hours of illumination/12 hours of darkness), and the dwarfing antibody 58 needs about 4 months to be spilt.
The conventional vernalization is carried out under the condition of no light at 4 ℃, and the seedling is a piece of etiolated seedling which is not completely unfolded after vernalization for 1 month (see figure 2); whereas the seedlings had begun to tillere after 1 month of long day treatment at relatively high temperature (8. + -. 2 ℃ C.) (see FIG. 2).
To sum up: the conventional method needs to grow to the tillering stage, and only needs 1 month, namely, the application saves 1 month in the stage. From tillering to heading, under the common illumination condition, the time from tillering to heading is usually 2.5 months (for example, winter wheat returns to green from the beginning of 2 months to heading in the middle and the last ten months under the field natural condition), and the heading can be performed only 15 days under the control temperature (25 ℃,22h illumination) (see figure 1). After heading, the winter wheat is grown under the conventional condition for 40 days (for example, heading in the last ten days of 4 months under the natural condition, and heading in the first 6 months), while the winter wheat is grown under the long-day (22 h) condition for 30 days.
Therefore, the vernalization temperature is increased to 6-10 ℃, the illumination time is prolonged to 18-20 hours, and the heading time of winter wheat can be shortened by at least 2 times.
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate one of ordinary skill in the art in understanding and using the invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to the above-described embodiments may be made, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications to the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A winter wheat one-year-multiple-generation breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Seed selection: selecting full wheat seeds for breeding;
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating: the selected seeds are treated with 0.1 to 0.3 percent of H 2 O 2 SoakingAfter 20-24 hours, sowing the seeds into a culture dish paved with wetting filter paper, and germinating at about 25 ℃ until the young embryos break through the white skin of the seed coats;
(3) Vernalization: the germinated seeds are planted in a seed culturing box or a nutrition pot, the illumination is carried out for 18 to 20h/d at the temperature of between 6 and 10 ℃, and the light intensity is 250 to 300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 Vernalizing for 25-30 days to obtain seedlings;
(4) Transplanting and cultivating: transplanting the vernalized seedlings into an artificial climate chamber for cultivation, wherein the temperature is 25-30 ℃, the illumination is 20-22h/d, and the light intensity is 250-300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 Blooming in 15-20 days;
(5) Harvesting: after blooming to before ripening: the light intensity is 250-300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The illumination time is 18-20 hours/day, the temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the harvest can be carried out 20-25 days after flowering.
2. The method for breeding winter wheat of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the wheat seed is one of winter wheat, weak winter wheat material and spring wheat material.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3), for the purpose of seed reproduction, the germinated seeds are planted in pots having a diameter of 12cm and a height of 10cm, and 1 germinated seed is planted per pot.
4. A winter wheat one-year-multiple-generation breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), for breeding purpose, the germinating seeds are planted in the area of 20cm per hole 2 And the depth of the hole is 11 cm.
5. The method for breeding winter wheat in more than one year according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the nutrition pot or the breeding box contains nutrient soil, the pH value of the nutrient soil is 5-6, the nitrogen content in the nutrient soil is 5-6%, and the organic matter content is 94-95%.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the concentration of the winter wheat in the pots is 900cm in step (3) 3 ～1000cm 3 The nutrient soil or each breeding box contains 150cm 3 ～200cm 3 The nutrient soil.
7. A winter wheat annual breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the conditions of the climatic chamber of step (4) are: after vernalization to before blooming, the light intensity is 250-300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The illumination time is 18-20 hours/day, and the temperature is 22-25 ℃;
after blooming to before ripening: the light intensity is 250-300 umol.m -2 ·sec -1 The light intensity, the illumination time is 18-20 hours/day, and the temperature is 25-30 ℃.
8. A winter wheat annual breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4), the light in the climatic chamber is LED spectrum of a mixture of 56% to 64% red light, 18% to 22% blue light and 18% to 22% green light.
9. A winter wheat annual multi-generation breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the management in the transplanting cultivation process includes: watering in good time 10 days before vernalization-maturity to ensure that the water content of the soil is 75-85%; and (5) reducing the watering amount 10 days before the soil is mature to ensure that the water content of the soil is 35-45%.
10. A winter wheat one-year-multiple-generation breeding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein in the step (4), the management in the transplanting cultivation process further includes: after tillering, applying a slow release fertilizer, wherein the content of nitrogen in the slow release fertilizer is 15-20%, the content of phosphorus in the slow release fertilizer is 15-20%, and the content of potassium in the slow release fertilizer is 15-20%.
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| CN114424732A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-03 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Winter wheat breeding method for multiple generations in one year |
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| CN114424732A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-03 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Winter wheat breeding method for multiple generations in one year |
| CN115553211A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-01-03 | 河北省农林科学院生物技术与食品科学研究所 | Breeding method for quickly obtaining pure line by wheat hybridization |
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