CN103444419B - Method for seedling raising and transplanting of cotton by utilizing fermentation bed wastes - Google Patents
Method for seedling raising and transplanting of cotton by utilizing fermentation bed wastes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103444419B CN103444419B CN201310415233.3A CN201310415233A CN103444419B CN 103444419 B CN103444419 B CN 103444419B CN 201310415233 A CN201310415233 A CN 201310415233A CN 103444419 B CN103444419 B CN 103444419B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cotton
- seedling
- transplanting
- fermentation bed
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for seedling raising and transplanting of cotton by utilizing fermentation bed wastes, belongs to the field of circular agriculture, and also belongs to the technical field of cotton culture. Treatment of fermentation bed wastes: drying the cultivated fermentation bed wastes, then uniformly mixing the fermentation bed wastes and sieved fine soil according to the ratio of 3:1, adding urea and adding a bactericide so as to prepare base materials for seedling raising of cotton, and then uniformly mixing water-retaining agent and the base materials for seedling raising of cotton according to the ratio of 1:500; seeding: placing the mixed base materials in seedling raising aperture disks, performing bud forcing on cotton seeds, and then selecting strong seeds and sowing the seeds in the aperture disks; seedbed management: moving the aperture disks in a plastic shelter, reinforcing management of moisture content, temperature and pest and disease damage of cotton seedlings to ensure realization of uniform and strong seedlings; transplanting: applying root growth promoting agent before transplanting, transplanting with the base materials, then casing soil, and watering enough for living of seedlings. According to the method, the fermentation bed wastes are fully utilized, the materials can be drawn conveniently, the economical and environmentally friendly effects are realized, the operation is simple, the cost is reduced, the raised cotton seedlings are uniform and strong, the mechanized transplanting is facilitated, and the very excellent popularization and application prospect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing fermentation bed waste material to carry out raising seedling of cotton transplanting, belong to circular agriculture field, also belong to technical field of cotton culture.
Background technology
Fermentation bed pig-breeding method is the fermentation bed matrix utilizing efficient probiotics and bedding and padding to build pig growth, by the macromolecular substances such as cellulose, hemicellulose in the metabolic consumption bedding and padding of function bacterium in bed body, decompose the fecaluria of live pig excretion simultaneously, thus realize a kind of ecological cultivation method to surrounding environment zero-emission.Fermentation bed pig-breeding technology is promoted in National Environmental portion suggestion in 2008, and promote rapidly in China with this technology in recent years, the circulation efficiency utilization of fermentation bed waste material becomes one of subject matter faced in production.At present, fermenting bed padding is mainly based on wood sawdust, crops straw (paddy rice, cotton), abundant fermentation through probiotics in breeding process is decomposed, fermentation bed waste material contains the required nutritive element of the crop growths such as abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and sulphur, and its moisture capacity and permeability are very good, the crop cultivation matrix of high-quality, but more single to the utilization of fermentation bed waste material at present, be mainly used as fertilizer also field.
In Cotton in China is produced, soil property nutrition bowl seedling transplanting technology is an advanced practical cotton culture technology, and long-term usable area accounts for the 40-60% of the cotton field gross area.But along with the transfer of rural labour, this technology recruitment is many, labour intensity large, the problem that technology difficulty of implementation is large constrains Cotton Production development.For this reason, in recent years, numerous domestic R&D institution, manufacturing enterprise gently simplify nursery to cotton and have carried out many-sided exploration and research.Its thinking is replace traditional nutritive cube to carry out nursery with light-duty nutrient matrix substantially.Current matrix point disk seedling growing mode is promoted very fast in main product cotton region, this seedling raising manners has light labor intensity, economize and plant, saving of labor, be beneficial to and realize the plurality of advantages such as factorial seedling growth and mechanization transplanting, but this light simple seedling raising manners is still incomplete, there is Railway Project and need solution badly: (1) culture matrix source mainly relies on specialized factory, every mu needs seedling medium 40-45 unit, cost is high, when to plant cotton benefit at present and be not high, peasant is difficult to accept (2) due to this technology and adopts point disk seedling growing, shared by individual plant cotton, matrix is less, and its culture matrix moisture capacity is poor, dehydration is fast, very easily produce high temperature during seedbed management in canopy and cause cotton seedling arid, cotton seedling poor growth is easily caused not in time as watered, even dead, need after forming the cotton transplantation of seedlings of " large seedling " phenomenon (3) this technology to water foot " water of living ", when current Cotton Production is still " living at the mercy of the elements ", difficulty of watering during transplanting is large, cotton survival rate is low, seedling-slowing stage long (being generally 8-10 days), cotton plant is caused to be buddingged, bloom late, effective joint and cotton buds and bolls Formation period short, ultimate output reduces, cost of cotton plantation increases, benefit reduces.The problems referred to above constrain popularizing of matrix point disk seedling growing mechanization transplanting technology.
Summary of the invention
technical problem
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing the waste material of fermentation bed for pig raising to carry out raising seedling of cotton transplanting.The method is that recycling of fermentation bed waste material provides new technical thought, and reduce raising seedling of cotton matrix cost, its cotton shoot survival percent be bred as is high, neat stalwartness, add water-loss reducer in seedling raising process, solve the shortcoming of culture matrix " moisture capacity is poor, dehydration is fast ", using water wisely more than 30% in seedling raising process, after transplanting, cotton reduces the demand of " live in a water ", and survival rate is high, substantially without seedling-slowing stage.The present invention makes full use of waste material, environmental protection, and cost is low.
technical scheme
For realizing the technical scheme that the object of the invention is taked, comprise the steps:
1) process of fermentation bed waste material
The process of fermentation bed waste material: will livestock and poultry be cultivated and the fermentation bed waste material of " dead bed " dry after with the fine earth crossing the water content 10-20% after 4 mesh sieves by volume 3:1 mix, add urea according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:200, then add 80% wettable powder of carbendazim according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:500 and namely make raising seedling of cotton matrix;
2) medium in tray
Water-loss reducer is mixed according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:500 and above-mentioned seedling medium, afterwards clean water poured into matrix and repeatedly stir, matrix is made to absorb water evenly, water content reaches 60% of own wt, again the matrix prepared is filled in seedling culture hole plate and smooths, gently press after 10 cave dishes mutually superposition, by pressure cave dish and the dark planting hole of self-assembling formation 3cm.
3) vernalization sowing
Be seeded in the dish of cave by selecting healthy and strong cotton seed after cotton seed vernalization, one, a cave.
4) seedbed management
The cave sowed dish is put into the nursery of plastic greenhouse inside holding.When cottonseed encircles native rate more than 50%, throw off plastic film ventilation and heat.At neat young plant Ye Pingzhan to transplanting first 7 days, control water content of substrate 20-30%, temperature of shed 22-30 DEG C.Cotton seedling applies rooting promoter in 5-8 days, the wind hardening that works of going forward side by side before reaching suitable cultivation seedling age, controls water content of substrate about 15%.
5) transplant.
Described water-loss reducer is the cx6350 type water-loss reducer that Renqiu City North China Chemical Co., Ltd. produces.
Described rooting promoter to be concentration that ABT root-inducing powder is made be 1% plant root growth promoter, the cotton seedlings of every 1000 strains need rooting promoter 50ml, and the fine sand containing rooting promoter, for be stirred in fine sand by rooting promoter, is sprinkled into during cave coils by concrete using method afterwards.
beneficial effect
The present invention has the following advantages compared with existing seedling growing process:
(1) seedling medium of the present invention is mainly fermentation bed waste material, thus draws materials conveniently, greatly reduces cost, cost-saved compared with commercialization seedling medium every mu about 35 yuan.
(2) the present invention fully develops the utilization ways of fermentation bed waste material, achieves the circulation efficiency utilization of crops straw, significantly improves the added value of fermentation bed waste material, does the seedling medium income increasing about 1000 yuan per ton.The neat seedling of the cotton seedling utilizing it to cultivate is strong, well developed root system, resistance, and gets seedling easily and root system loss is few, and suitable for mechanization is transplanted.
(3) water-loss reducer is a kind of high molecular polymer with superelevation water-absorbing-retaining ability, its strong absorptive, repeatedly water imbibition and slowly release that the character such as water-based make water-loss reducer can ensure crop when arid occurs need water.Present invention improves over the using method of water-loss reducer, in original seedling growing process, water-loss reducer mainly dips in root use when lifting; In the present invention, before medium in tray, water-loss reducer mixes according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:500 and seedling medium.According to test, the recruitment cost that this using method both reduced " dipping in root ", mu saves recruitment 1; Again reduce the dead seedling of cotton that quick dehydration causes at seedling raising process mesostroma Yin Gaowen, the death rate of cotton seedling reduces by 15%, without " large seedling " phenomenon, and using water wisely more than 30% in seedling raising process.Even if cotton seedling does not water and also can survive more than 5 days after transplanting, reduce the demand of cotton to " water of living "; Survival rate after transplanting is to more than 95%, and the substrate seedling transplanting survival rate in producing comparatively at present improves more than 5%.And due to the preserve moisture and fertility effect of water-loss reducer, the death of cotton shoot root system is few, root function can quick-recovery soon, so cotton seedling is substantially without seedling-slowing stage, and to produce its seedling-slowing stage of mesostroma nursery be at present about 7-10 days.
(4) in the present invention before sowing by cottonseed vernalization, selects healthy and strong cotton seed, one, point disk seedling growing one cave can be ensured like this, reduce below hole rate to 3%, improve the availability of cave dish and matrix, and in producing at present, cottonseed directly sows its hole rate is more than 10%.
(5) present invention improves over the using method of rooting promoter.Rooting promoter to be concentration that ABT root-inducing powder is made be 1% plant root growth promoter, the cotton seedlings of every 1000 strains need rooting promoter 50ml.Present invention improves over the using method of rooting promoter, concrete using method is that cotton seedling reaches suitable and plants 5-8 days before seedling age, rooting promoter is stirred in fine sand, afterwards the fine sand containing rooting promoter is sprinkled in the dish of cave, dab cotton seedling and the fine sand be scattered on blade is fallen into cave dish, rooting promoter directly acts on root system with watering afterwards.This method of operating is simple, and rooting promoter fully can be absorbed by cotton seedling, cotton seedling well developed root system, and after transplanting, survival rate is high, and seedling-slowing stage is short.
major technique effect of the present invention:
1, cost-saving: to adopt the technology of the present invention more existing substrate seedling techniques save matrix cost 35 yuan/mu, reduce by labor 3-4/mu, cost-saving about 200 yuan/mu.
2, improve effects: adopt the technology of the present invention to increase the added value of fermentation bed waste material on the one hand, the benefit increasing about 1000 yuan per ton.Cotton shoot survival percent can be made to bring up to more than 95% on the other hand, the substrate seedling transplanting survival rate in producing comparatively at present improves more than 5%.Cotton seedling well developed root system, substantially without seedling-slowing stage after transplanting, and to produce its seedling-slowing stage of mesostroma nursery be at present about 7-10 days, and therefore cotton growth fast, and every mu of unginned cotton can increase production more than 25 kilograms, increases production more than 10%.
3, ecological benefits: the utilization ways fully developing fermentation bed waste material, achieve the circulation efficiency utilization of crops straw, add economic benefit and the ecological benefits of circular agriculture.And because the using method improving water-loss reducer makes using water wisely more than 30% in seedling raising process, even if the rear cotton seedling of transplanting does not water also can survive more than 5 days.
the specific embodiment of the invention
The enforcement time: 2012 years
Implement place: Jiangsu Province Agriculture Science Institute, Nanjing
Embodiment:
1) process of fermentation bed waste material
To livestock and poultry be cultivated and the fermentation bed waste material of " dead bed " dry after with sieve the fine earth earth (water content about 15%) after (4 order) by volume 3:1 mix, add urea according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:200 afterwards, then add 80% wettable powder of carbendazim according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:500 and namely make raising seedling of cotton matrix.
2) medium in tray
Selection model is the standard seedling culture hole plate in 72 holes (40mm*20mm*48mm), the ratio of water-loss reducer according to weight ratio 1:500 is fully mixed with the seedling medium handled well, again clean water poured into matrix and repeatedly stir, matrix is absorbed water evenly, and water content reaches 60% of own wt and gets final product sabot.The matrix prepared is filled in seedling culture hole plate and smooths, gently press after 10 cave dishes mutually superposition, by pressure cave dish and the dark planting hole of self-assembling formation 3cm.
3) vernalization sowing
One day prior to seeding, cotton seed is put into warm water vernalization, select healthy and strong cotton seed afterwards and be seeded in the dish of cave, one, a cave, after planting covers one deck matrix again, floating rear light suppression, covers Meteorological effect after plastic film.
4) seedbed management
The cave sowed dish is put into plastic tunnel (or Small plastic shed) insulation nursery.Seedbed should be smooth, and spread plastic film, pricks under preventing cotton seedling later stage root system.Regulated and controled nursery temperature in canopy, from emerging to cotyledon is open and flat, cotton requires that temperature remains on 25-35 DEG C.When cottonseed encircles native rate more than 50%, throw off plastic film ventilation and heat.At neat young plant Ye Pingzhan to transplanting first 7 days, control water content of substrate 20-30%, temperature of shed 22-30 DEG C.Cotton seedling applies rooting promoter in 5-8 days, the wind hardening that works of going forward side by side before reaching suitable cultivation seedling age, controls water content of substrate 15%.Wherein rooting promoter to be the concentration that ABT root-inducing powder is made be 1% plant root growth promoter, the cotton seedling of every 1000 strains needs rooting promoter 50ml, concrete using method is for be stirred in fine sand by rooting promoter, afterwards the fine sand containing rooting promoter is sprinkled in the dish of cave, dab cotton seedling and the fine sand be scattered on blade is fallen into cave dish, rooting promoter gos deep into matrix and directly acts on root system with watering afterwards.
5) transplant
Cotton seedling three leaf wholeheartedly time reach suitable and plant seedling age, hardening of ventilating fully before transplanting, control water supply in media content well, cotton seedling red shank is more than half, and well developed root system, tightly lives substrate plate, make cotton seedling be very easy to take out, during transplanting, carrying substrates is transplanted, earthing after transplanting.
implementation result:
1. fermentation bed waste material within 2012, is adopted to carry out raising seedling of cotton transplanting, increase the added value of 1000 yuan/ton, fermentation bed waste material on the one hand, save seedling medium cost 35 yuan/mu on the other hand, mu reduces labor 210 yuan (3 work × 70 yuan /), cost-saving 245 yuan/mu.
2. improve the using method of water-loss reducer, both reduced the recruitment cost of " dipping in root ", mu saves recruitment 1; In turn ensure that can not Yin Gaowen and fast dehydration at seedling raising process mesostroma, and the death rate of cotton seedling reduces by 15%, without " large seedling " phenomenon, and using water wisely more than 30% in seedling raising process.Also can survive more than 5 days even if do not water after cotton transplantation of seedlings, survival rate is to more than 95%, and the substrate seedling transplanting survival rate in producing comparatively at present improves more than 5%; And cotton seedling is substantially without seedling-slowing stage, and to produce its seedling-slowing stage of mesostroma nursery be at present about 7-10 days.
3. the neat seedling of the cotton seedling utilizing this technology to cultivate is strong, well developed root system, strong stress resistance, and get seedling easily and root system loss is few, very suitable for mechanization is transplanted.Within 2012, cotton unginned cotton increases production 32.4 kgs/acre, and mu increases income 260 yuan, mu cost-saving synergistic 505 yuan.
Claims (3)
1. utilize fermentation bed waste material to carry out a method for raising seedling of cotton transplanting, it is characterized in that:
A) process of fermentation bed waste material: will livestock and poultry be cultivated and the fermentation bed waste material of " dead bed " dry after with the fine earth crossing the water content 10-20% after 4 mesh sieves by volume 3:1 mix, add urea according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:200, then add 80% wettable powder of carbendazim according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:500 and namely make raising seedling of cotton matrix;
B) medium in tray, mixes water-loss reducer according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:500 and raising seedling of cotton matrix before sabot, then clean water is poured into matrix and repeatedly stir, and matrix is absorbed water evenly, and water content reaches 60% of own wt;
Raising seedling of cotton cave dish selection model is the standard seedling culture hole plate in 72 holes of 40mm*20mm*48mm, the matrix prepared is filled in seedling culture hole plate and smooths, and gently presses after 10 caves dishes mutually superposition, by pressure cave dish and the dark planting hole of self-assembling formation 3cm;
C) vernalization sowing: be seeded in the dish of cave by selecting healthy and strong cotton seed after cotton seed vernalization, one, a cave;
D) seedbed management: the cave sowed dish is put into plastic tunnel or the nursery of Small plastic shed inside holding, seedbed should be smooth, and spread plastic film, prick under preventing cotton seedling later stage root system, from emerging to cotyledon is open and flat, cotton requires that temperature remains on 25-35 DEG C, when cottonseed encircles native rate more than 50%, throw off plastic film ventilation and heat, at neat young plant Ye Pingzhan to transplanting first 7 days, control water content of substrate 20-30%, temperature of shed 22-30 DEG C, cotton seedling applies rooting promoter in 5-8 days before reaching suitable cultivation seedling age, go forward side by side the wind hardening that works, controlling water content of substrate is about 15%;
E) transplant.
2. according to a kind of method utilizing fermentation bed waste material to carry out raising seedling of cotton transplanting described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described water-loss reducer is cx6350 type water-loss reducer, is produced by Renqiu City North China Chemical Co., Ltd..
3. according to a kind of method utilizing fermentation bed waste material to carry out raising seedling of cotton transplanting described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the plant root growth promoter of described rooting promoter to be concentration that ABT root-inducing powder is made be mass ratio 1%, the cotton seedling of every 1000 strains uses rooting promoter 50ml, fine sand containing rooting promoter, for be stirred in fine sand by rooting promoter, is sprinkled in the dish of cave by concrete using method afterwards.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310415233.3A CN103444419B (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2013-09-13 | Method for seedling raising and transplanting of cotton by utilizing fermentation bed wastes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310415233.3A CN103444419B (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2013-09-13 | Method for seedling raising and transplanting of cotton by utilizing fermentation bed wastes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103444419A CN103444419A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| CN103444419B true CN103444419B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
Family
ID=49727606
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310415233.3A Active CN103444419B (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2013-09-13 | Method for seedling raising and transplanting of cotton by utilizing fermentation bed wastes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103444419B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103992155A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-20 | 太仓绿丰农业生物基质有限公司 | Manufacturing method of soilless culture substrate |
| CN104261958B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Leaf vegetable cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN105819950A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-08-03 | 安徽尚诚生物科技有限公司 | Special air-permeable biological bacteriostasis pad for cotton seedling cultivation, and preparation method thereof |
| CN107771637A (en) * | 2017-11-18 | 2018-03-09 | 渠县金穗农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the plant cotton on hillside |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002027849A (en) * | 2000-07-17 | 2002-01-29 | Maywa Co Ltd | Rice culture method and soil for rice culture |
| KR100607134B1 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2006-08-02 | 최영순 | Growing process of lawn used the silver-plated raising seedlings box for growing lawn |
| CN101099430A (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2008-01-09 | 扬州大学 | Cotton net bottom plastic container seedlings transplanting method |
| CN101849499A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2010-10-06 | 吴太平 | Method for culturing sweet potatoes in dry land |
| CN102084777A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-06-08 | 李子辉 | Seedling growing method of cotton by light-substrate mesh bag container |
-
2013
- 2013-09-13 CN CN201310415233.3A patent/CN103444419B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103444419A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103385106B (en) | Water-land two-section type flue-cured tobacco strong seedling culturing technique | |
| CN104909909A (en) | Organic ecological substrate for rice industrialized seedling production and preparation method of organic ecological substrate | |
| CN102986512A (en) | Soilless culture substrate special for strawberries | |
| CN105461387A (en) | Vegetable seedling-raising substrate | |
| CN105367205B (en) | A kind of compound cotton seedling medium and preparation method | |
| CN102515953A (en) | Breeding substrate as well as preparation method and application for same | |
| CN107493895A (en) | Wheat mating system | |
| WO2018049685A1 (en) | Cultivation substrate and cultivation method for flammulina velutipes | |
| CN103444419B (en) | Method for seedling raising and transplanting of cotton by utilizing fermentation bed wastes | |
| CN105191620A (en) | Culture method of Chinese cabbage seedlings | |
| CN105075574A (en) | An oilseed rape seedling cultivating method | |
| CN106717888A (en) | A kind of breeding method of the annual container seedling of monkey camphor tree | |
| CN101891522A (en) | Novel vegetable seedling composite substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103548630B (en) | A kind of method that breeding of hybrid rice entire mechanization is produced | |
| CN105191623A (en) | Culture method of cotton seedlings | |
| CN105191622A (en) | Culture method of pepper seedlings | |
| CN109744114A (en) | Micro potato greenhouse high-yield planting method | |
| CN110291946A (en) | A kind of paddy rice nursery method | |
| CN105191619A (en) | Culture method of Brassica chinensis seedlings | |
| CN105191617A (en) | Culture method of cowpea seedlings | |
| CN105191614A (en) | Culture method of towel gourd seedlings | |
| CN103947434A (en) | Method of planting wild soybeans on saline-alkali soil | |
| CN1179625C (en) | Soil-less seedling growing and pot-free transplanting method for cotton | |
| CN105830696A (en) | Nutrition pot seedling raising method of cotton | |
| CN105230269A (en) | Cultivation method for pumpkin seedling |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |