JP2002027849A - Rice culture method and soil for rice culture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bed soil for rice culture and other soil for the culture of rice having relatively light weight, giving a raising seedling box easily transportable in the transplantation of seedlings and capable of forming a paddy field having high water-permeability and enabling the supply of oxygen into the soil even in a flooded state and provide a method for rice culture using the soil. SOLUTION: The bed soil for the raising seedling of rice is produced by mixing chaff charcoal to the soil for bed soil in an amount of 0.5-20 wt.%. The raising seedling box for rice is produced by filling a box having a height of 1.5-3 cm with bed soil layer having a thickness of 1.5-2.5 cm and composed of a compounded soil containing the chaff charcoal granules in an amount of 0.5-20 wt.% and a base fertilizer in an amount of 0.01-0.2 wt.% based on the compounded soil. Rice is cultured by scattering 50-200 kg of chaff charcoal to 10 are of paddy field for transplanting the rice seedlings, tilling the field, flooding with water and transplanting rice seedlings to the field.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a soil for cultivating rice, and more particularly to a soil for cultivating rice including artificial soil, a nursery bed soil using the soil for cultivating rice including the artificial soil, and the artificial floor soil. And a paddy soil using rice cultivation soil including the artificial soil. The present invention also relates to a method for cultivating rice using the soil for cultivating rice, and more particularly to a method for cultivating rice using paddy soil using soil for cultivating rice including the artificial soil.
In addition, the present invention relates to the use of rice husk charcoal, in particular, the cultivation soil of the rice using rice husk charcoal, nursery soil, paddy soil,
The present invention relates to a nursery box and a rice cultivation method using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For cultivation of rice, for example, soil for floor soil such as topsoil, field soil or mountain soil of a dry field is broken down, finely sieved through a sieve, the acidity is adjusted to a weak acidity of pH 5, and the cultivation of rice is carried out. , Mixed with a base fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium, and sometimes disinfected floor soil, packed in a nursery box, leveled the surface to a thickness of about 2 cm, and thoroughly irrigated it. Sow the seed rice that has been made, keep it warm or heat and let it germinate, make it green,
The seedlings are hardened by being sufficiently irrigated to give seedlings. Seedlings are plowed, irrigated and replaced, and transplanted and cultivated in fertilized paddy fields.

[0003]

However, the seedling raising box is filled with floor soil made of soil for floor soil such as a topsoil, a field soil or a mountain soil of a dry rice field, and a seedling that has emerged is placed on the soil. Due to the covering, it becomes heavier in weight and heavier to transport at the time of implantation, which is a problem. After transplanting the seedlings, the paddy fields are filled with water. However, in paddy fields at the time of such flooding, as the temperature rises, microbial activity becomes active in the soil, oxygen is consumed, and the soil becomes reduced soil. Intermittent irrigation is carried out, which requires a lot of work and is a problem. An object of the present invention is to solve the problems in these nursery boxes and paddy fields.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have found that rice husk charcoal has a low bulk specific gravity, and that inorganic components such as silicon oxide contained in rice husk charcoal are easily absorbed by rice during growth of the rice. And found the present invention. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can provide a nursery box that is relatively light and can be easily transported at the time of transplanting seedlings. In addition, the present invention provides good soil permeability for rice cultivation and other soil for rice cultivation, which has good water permeability and can be a paddy field capable of supplying oxygen to the soil even during flooding. An object is to provide a rice cultivation method using the soil.

That is, the present invention resides in a cultivation soil for rice cultivation characterized in that rice husk charcoal is blended into the soil, and the present invention provides rice husk charcoal blended with floor soil. Further, the present invention is characterized in that rice husk charcoal is contained in the soil for bed soil at a content of 0.5 to 20% by weight. Further, the present invention also provides a rice seedling bed soil comprising a mixture of rice husk charcoal in a content of 0.5 to 20% by weight, and , Phosphoric acid and potassium in a fertilizer content of 0.01 to 0.07% by weight, respectively, in a component amount.

[0006] The present invention also relates to a height of 1.5 to 3
cm soil box containing rice husk charcoal granules at a content of 0.5 to 20% by weight. Nursery seedbed mixed in a ratio of 2% by weight is spread in a thickness of 1.5 to 2.5 cm in a rice nursery box,
Further, the present invention provides a rice plant characterized in that 50 to 200 kg of rice husk charcoal is sprayed on 10 ares of a rice field to which seedlings are transplanted, the rice field on which the rice husk charcoal is sprayed is cultivated, and then watering is performed to transplant the seedlings. In the cultivation method, further, the present invention,
Rice husk charcoal 50 to 20 in 10 ares of rice field where seedlings are transplanted
A rice cultivation method characterized by spraying 0 kg and 4 to 40 kg of base fertilizer, cultivating the paddy field to which the rice husk charcoal and base fertilizer have been sprayed, then irrigating and transplanting seedlings.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, the cultivation soil of rice means rice cultivation soil such as paddy soil and nursery soil, and artificial rice cultivation soil such as artificial paddy soil and artificial nursery soil. In the present invention, the rice husk charcoal used for the cultivation soil of rice is a rice husk discharged in a hulling process after harvesting rice, for example, 500 husks.
It is steamed and carbonized in a carbonized atmosphere at a temperature of at least ℃, and its bulk specific gravity is as small as 0.2 or less. In addition, the obtained rice husk charcoal has, for example, about 8% by weight of particles having a particle size of 0.3 mm or less as shown in Table 1 as one example of the particle size distribution, and is generally coarse in use. , As it is, or granulated and mixed with mountain soil to form floor soil, and can be sprayed as it is or granulated in paddy fields.

[0008]

In the present invention, when rice husk charcoal is blended into the raising seedbed soil, the rice husk charcoal is blended in the soil for the bed soil at a content of 0.5 to 20% by weight. In the compounded composition, a base fertilizer was added to the composition, from 0.01 to 0.
It can be blended at a ratio of 2% by weight. In the present invention, when the rice husk charcoal is sprayed on the paddy field, the amount of the rice husk charcoal sprayed is 50 to 200 kg of rice husk charcoal on the rice field 10 ares, preferably 80 to 120 kg on the rice field 10 ares.
It is. In the present invention, when the base fertilizer is sprayed together with the rice husk charcoal spraying, the amount of the base fertilizer to be sprayed is 4 to 40 kg on a 10 areal paddy field, preferably 4 to 10 kg on a 10 areal paddy field, and more preferably. , Paddy 10
5-7kg for Earl. In the present invention, as a base fertilizer, besides paddy rice raising seedling fertilizers such as a fertilizer-controlling fertilizer LPS having a high nitrogen content, and blurred fertilizers containing chicken manure, oil cake, rice bran and the like can be used. As an example of a base fertilizer having a spraying amount of 10 kg in a paddy field and a weight of 40 kg, there is a brand name of “Misato” (8% by weight of nitrogen, 12% by weight of phosphoric acid and 10% by weight of potassium) manufactured by Ishikawa Prefectural Agricultural Cooperative and a brand name of “with organic” 056 "
(Nitrogen 10% by weight, phosphoric acid 25% by weight and potassium 16
As an example of a base fertilizer with a spraying amount of 20 kg per 10 ares of paddy field, a trade name “Delicious” manufactured by Ishikawa Prefectural Agricultural Cooperative (nitrogen 12 wt%, phosphoric acid 4 wt% and potassium 8 wt%)
There is.

[0010] Rice husk charcoal is more excellent in weight reduction, heat retention, water retention and air permeability as coarser particles, and the particle size of the rice husk charcoal used can be 0.4 mm or more. . However, it is preferable to use coarse particles of 0.8 mm or more. Use of such relatively coarse-grained rice husk charcoal is preferable because the air permeability, heat retention, water retention and weight reduction of the seedling raising box, paddy field soil and floor soil can be improved. However, rice husk charcoal has lightness, heat retention, water retention and air permeability even with fine particles, and rice husk charcoal having a particle size of 1 mm or less can be used.

The composition of rice husk charcoal used in the present invention is, for example, as an example, the main components are silicon oxide 50.36% by weight, carbon 40.49% by weight, hydrogen 1.
0.4% by weight and 0.42% by weight of nitrogen.
Per kg of rice husk charcoal, 11,000 mg of potassium, 5,700 mg of calcium, 1,700 mg of sodium, and trace components are 790 mg of manganese and 190 m of iron.
g, zinc 110 mg and traces of copper. The inorganic component contained in the rice husk charcoal is originally contained in the rice husk, is an inorganic component necessary for rice, and is useful as an auxiliary fertilizer for paddy fields.

In the present invention, paddy field soil is formed by directly mixing rice husk charcoal with paddy field soil. In the present invention, the nursery bed soil is formed by mixing rice husk charcoal with the surface soil of a dry field, field soil or mountain soil, or other soil for floor soil, or a mixture of these soils for floor soil. As the soil for the floor soil, mountain soil is particularly preferable because it is easily available. The content of rice husk charcoal in the soil for bed soil such as mountain soil, for example, the nursery soil obtained by mixing the mountain soil and the rice husk charcoal is 0.5 to 20% by weight. The coal content is 0.9 to 1
Preferably it is 5% by weight, more preferably the content of rice husk charcoal is 2 to 15% by weight. In a nursery bed soil obtained by mixing rice husk charcoal with mountain soil, for example, a nursery bed soil having a rice husk charcoal content of 2 to 15% by weight is one of rice husk charcoal.
It is obtained by mixing 1 to 19 parts by volume of mountain soil with respect to the volume part.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the content of rice husk charcoal in the nursery bed soil is 0.5 to 20% by weight, because it is excellent in terms of weight reduction, air permeability, heat retention and water retention. Since the rice husk charcoal is porous, the use of the rice husk charcoal improves ventilation of the nursery bed and can prevent root rot of the seedling,
Also, the heat retention of the nursery is improved, the temperature of the nursery can be prevented from lowering for a relatively long time, and the water retention of the nursery is increased to reduce the decrease in the water retention of the nursery with time. can do. When the seedling raising bed soil of the present invention is packed in a seedling raising box and used, the weight of the seedling raising box is reduced, so that it is easy to handle the seedling at the time of transplanting. Thus, in the present invention, compared with the conventional nursery, the air permeability of the nursery, heat retention and water retention are improved, the growth of the seedling is good, it is possible to obtain a seedling excellent roots, In addition, healthy seedlings with thick stems can be produced.

In the present invention, rice husk charcoal composed of relatively coarse particles has a low bulk specific gravity. For example, by mixing it with mountain soil, the amount of mountain soil used for artificial floor soil can be reduced. In addition, the nursery can be reduced in weight. Also,
Use of the rice husk charcoal has a bactericidal effect, can prevent root rot by mold and bacteria, and can reduce the use of chemicals. Rice husk charcoal has a high content of silicon oxide (silicic anhydride) of about 50% by weight, and extends from the ripening period to the harvesting period after the maximum tillering and ear-setting stages of rice after planting. In the meantime, silicon oxide necessary for growing rice can be supplemented.

According to the present invention, the apparent photosynthetic rate of a single leaf of a rice plant is improved because the amount of silicate absorbed by the rice plant can be increased with the passage of the maximum tillering stage and the heading stage after rice planting. The leaf blade stands vertically and the light transmittance improves,
It is thought that photosynthetic products increased.

Further, according to the present invention, the rice husk charcoal composed of relatively coarse particles applied to the nursery bed soil is brought into the paddy soil together with the seedling by transplanting the seedling by rice planting,
The silicon oxide and minerals contained in the rice husk charcoal can be enhanced together with the rice husk charcoal composed of relatively coarse particles previously sprayed on the paddy soil. According to the present invention, the mineral containing silicic acid in the soil around the roots of the seedlings is increased in this way, and the elongation and survival of the roots are improved. In the present invention, rice husk charcoal is used for raising rice seedlings for rice cultivation, and rice husk charcoal is also scattered and used for cultivation in paddy fields after transplantation. Rooting and root vitality are enhanced, and it extends to the ripening and harvesting seasons through the highest tillering and heading stages.

[0017]

The present invention will now be described by way of an embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment and description. Example 1 A seedling raising soil prepared by mixing mountain soil and rice husk charcoal was placed in a seedling raising box having a height of 3 cm, and a seedling raising test was conducted. The results are shown in Table 2 below. Table 2 Artificial floor soil Mixing volume ratio of mountain soil and rice husk charcoal Dry matter of foliage (g / 100 pieces) No. Mountain soil Rice husk charcoal 18 days after sowing 30 days after sowing 1 100 0 0.58 1.68 2 95 5 0.74 1.92 3 90 10 0.70 2.46 4 80 20 0.74 2.04 5 70 30 0.52 2.26 6 50 50 0.54 2.86 As shown in Table 2 The seedling bed soil containing rice husk charcoal had better growth of rice foliage after 30 days than the bed soil without rice husk charcoal.

Example 2 The application test of rice husk charcoal was conducted as follows. 100 kg of rice husk charcoal was applied per 10 ares of paddy fields and plowed. After that, the base fertilizer nitrogen was increased to 6 per 10 ares.
kg (trade name: phosphorous chloride 284) was applied and the water was removed. On May 12, seedlings of the variety “Haneuki” were transplanted (5 plants per plant, 23.8 plants / m 2). Nitrogen topdressing is 2k per 10 ares with nitrogen component during the panicle formation period (July 12)
g (brand name NK68) was applied. In addition, about target area, it performed on the same conditions except applying rice husk charcoal. In the yield survey, 50 seedlings were cut off in 1 ward in the maturity period, and brown rice of 1.9 mm or more was defined as the weight of refined brown rice. Investigation of yield components was performed by sampling three average strains. In addition, the amount of silicon oxide absorbed by rice bodies is calculated by collecting average strains at the maximum tillering stage, ear setting stage, and maturity stage, measuring the dry weight, and measuring the silicon oxide content by the gravimetric method. did. The results were as follows. That is, when rice husk charcoal was applied to the Honda soil, (1) the number of ears increased by 10% as compared with the control plot. (2) The percentage of fine brown rice grains improved by 7%. (3) Weight of refined rice increased by 8%. (4) The rice body absorbs 15% of silicon oxide during maturation
Improved.

[0019]

According to the present invention, rice husk charcoal is added to the rice cultivation soil by, for example, adding rice husk charcoal to the nursery for rice cultivation and the soil in Honda. As a result, the quality and rooting ability of the seedlings can be improved, and silicon oxide can be supplied without increasing the pH of the bed soil. Thus, the present invention, for example, by mixing rice husk charcoal having a particle size of 0.5 mm or more into paddy soil, the seedling quality of rice is improved, the effect of promoting rice growth can be achieved, and efficient rice cultivation is possible. Let The present invention provides rice paddy soil with rice husk charcoal, thereby increasing the amount of silicon oxide absorbed by rice bodies as compared with conventional paddy soil without rice husk charcoal, and furthermore, as a component of the yield component. The rice yield can be improved by increasing the number and improving the yield rate of the refined rice grains as a factor determining the yield.

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Miyuki Nomura 29th, Yakushido-cho, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa Meiwa Industry Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2B022 AA05 BA02 BA07 BB01 2B027 NA01 NB01 NC05 NC13 NC21 ND03

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A rice cultivation soil comprising rice husk charcoal blended in the soil. 2. Rice seedling raising soil, characterized in that rice husk charcoal is blended in the soil for the floor soil. 3. Rice seedling raising soil, characterized in that rice husk charcoal is contained in the soil for floor soil at a content of 0.5 to 20% by weight. 4. A method in which rice husk charcoal is contained in the floor soil at a content of 0.5 to 20% by weight, and nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium are added to the composition in amounts of 0, respectively. A nursery soil for rice plant, comprising a fertilizer in an amount of 0.01 to 0.07% by weight. 5. A bed soil containing rice husk charcoal granules at a content of 0.5 to 20% by weight in a box having a height of 1.5 to 3 cm. 0.01 for soil
Nursery bed soil, which is blended at a rate of ~ 0.2% by weight,
A rice seedling raising box, which is spread to a thickness of 1.5 to 2.5 cm. 6. A rice plant characterized by spraying 50 to 200 kg of rice husk charcoal on 10 ares of a paddy field into which seedlings are transplanted, cultivating the paddy field on which the rice husk charcoal is sprayed, then irrigating and transplanting the seedlings. Cultivation method. 7. Spraying 50 to 200 kg of rice husk charcoal and 4 to 40 kg of base fertilizer on 10 ares of a paddy field into which seedlings are transplanted, cultivating the paddy on which the rice husk charcoal and base fertilizer has been applied, and then irrigating and transplanting the seedlings. A method for cultivating rice.