CN105191617A - Culture method of cowpea seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a culture method of cowpea seedlings. The method comprises processes as follows: pretreatment of seeds; preparation of nutrient soil: evenly mixing 2 parts of fertile field soil, 2 parts of composted earthworm cast, 2 parts of urea, 2 parts of a Field microbial starter culture, 1 part of sieved fine slag and 1 part of saw dust, adding 1 kg of calcium superphosphate to bed soil per cubic meter, paving a seedbed with the nutrient soil 8-12 cm thick, filling a seedling culture plate with the rest nutrient soil, and slightly suppressing the soil for use; mixing 8-10 g of 50% thiophanate methyl wettable powder or 50% carbendazim thiram wettable powder into 3 kg of field soil, evenly mixing the soil to prepare agent soil, and evenly scattering the agent soil on the seedbed; sowing; seedling culture management. The seedlings cultured with the nutrient soil and the culture method grow vigorously, and have developed root systems, high disease resistance and high adaptability after being transplanted.

Description

A kind of breeding method of cowpea seedling

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, particularly relate to a kind of breeding method of cowpea seedling.

Background technology

Cowpea is planted in world wide comparatively extensively and the vegetables be loved by the people, and along with the development of agricultural, the restriction in season has been broken in cowpea cultivation.But, plantation causes the soil-borne diseases such as cowpea verticillium wilt, fusarium wilt constantly to increase the weight of continuously for many years, continuous cropping obstacle becomes increasingly conspicuous, seriously constrain the production of cowpea, damage by disease and insect becomes the restraining factors of cowpea cultivation, and using chemical pesticide in a large number both increased production cost, brought contamination of products again, health risk, this is growing vegetables technical barrier in the urgent need to address.Nursery is the important means that cowpea obtains precocity, high yield, fine quality production.The selection of nursery date of seeding, the pretreatment of seed, vernalization, configuration Nutrient medium, seedling management all have vital impact to the quality of seedling.Enter 21 century, the seedling medium that nursery all over the world adopts is main component mainly with the peat composed of rotten mosses greatly, occur in recent years processing to feces of livestock and poultry, crops straw, house refuse, mud, trade waste etc. the organic culture matrix obtained, but a kind of breeding method is only suitable for some areas, and the characteristic study that therefore the present invention is directed to Central China has gone out a kind of method of cultivating cowpea seedling.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the breeding method of a kind of soil of applicable Central China and the cowpea seedling of Temperature Features is provided.

The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of breeding method of cowpea seedling, comprises following process:

(1). the pretreatment of seed: seed is put into 50-70 DEG C of water and constantly stir, until drop to room temperature, seed soaking time is 6 ~ 8 hours, and constantly wash seed by rubbing with the hands, mucus is removed, to accelerate water suction and to breathe, pulls seed in water out and spread out and dry in the air 15 ~ 20 minutes, after making the surface of the seed moisture loss, wrap with the wet cloth of cleaning;

(2). configuration Nutrition Soil: by fertile rural area soil 2 parts, the wormcast 2 parts that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 2 parts, urea, Fu Erde microbe leaven 2 parts, the fine slag 1 part that sieves, wood chip 1 part of Homogeneous phase mixing, every cubic metre of bed soil adds 1kg superphosphate again, the Nutrition Soil that the 8 ~ 12cm that tiles in seedbed is thick, residue Nutrition Soil loads seedling culture hole plate and suppresses for subsequent use a little; Can wet-milling or 50% carbendazim tmtd can mix in 3kg rural area soil by wet-milling 8 ~ l0g by 50% thiophanate-methyl, fully medicine soil be made in mixing, is evenly sprinkling upon on seedbed by medicine soil;

(3). sowing: punch in seedling culture hole plate with card punch, the center in cave will be beaten in hole, hole depth: 1.2-1.4 centimetre, seed is placed in the hole at center, cave, one, every cave; Seed keeps flat, and covers, is laid in seedbed by the seedling culture hole plate sowed, and is irrigated by cave dish in time, spray and want light and even, prevent the matrix in hole and seed to go out when watering with clear water;

(4). seedling management: germination period temperature controls at 27-30 degree, and humidity is more than 90%; Plumular axis bends the temperature during soil of top: daytime 28 DEG C, evening 20 DEG C, humidity reaches more than 80%, suitably sprays clear water when stromal surface is dry, increases humidity neat in order to emerging; Note shading when noon, sunlight was strong; Fine day can the stronger ventilation time, allows seedling slowly grow at a lower temperature, is finally bred as the short strong sprout that stem slubbing is close, leaf is dark green, root system is many, and Plug seedling age is 40 ~ 50 days; Thinning to be carried out and transplant seedlings filling a vacancy after cotyledon launches, seedling unnecessary in single cave be pulled up and moves in the hole that is short of seedling, seedling unnecessary in cave is deleted simultaneously, be short of seedling after moving and mending, immediately to seedbed sprinkling clear water; Before field planting 1 ~ 2 day, 1 carbendazim, zineb etc. should be sprayed, in case seedbed disease brings land for growing field crops into.

The beneficial effect that the present invention adopts is: adopt the seedling that Nutrition Soil of the present invention and breeding method are cultivated, and growth potential is strong, well developed root system, and disease resistance is strong, strong adaptability after transplanting.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.

Embodiment: (1). the pretreatment of seed: seed is put into 60 DEG C of water and constantly stir, until drop to room temperature, seed soaking time is 7 hours, and constantly wash seed by rubbing with the hands, mucus is removed, to accelerate water suction and to breathe, pulls seed in water out and spread out and dry in the air 18 minutes, after making the surface of the seed moisture loss, wrap with the wet cloth of cleaning;

(2). configuration Nutrition Soil: by fertile rural area soil 2 parts, the wormcast 2 parts that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 2 parts, urea, Fu Erde microbe leaven 2 parts, the fine slag 1 part that sieves, wood chip 1 part of Homogeneous phase mixing, every cubic metre of bed soil adds 1kg superphosphate again, the Nutrition Soil that the 10cm that tiles in seedbed is thick, residue Nutrition Soil loads seedling culture hole plate and suppresses for subsequent use a little; Can wet-milling or 50% carbendazim tmtd can mix in 3kg rural area soil by wet-milling l0g by 50% thiophanate-methyl, fully medicine soil be made in mixing, is evenly sprinkling upon on seedbed by medicine soil;

(3). sowing: punch in seedling culture hole plate with card punch, the center in cave will be beaten in hole, hole depth: 1.4 centimetres, seed is placed in the hole at center, cave, one, every cave; Seed keeps flat, and covers, is laid in seedbed by the seedling culture hole plate sowed, and is irrigated by cave dish in time, spray and want light and even, prevent the matrix in hole and seed to go out when watering with clear water;

(4). seedling management: germination period temperature controls at 27-30 degree, and humidity is more than 90%; Plumular axis bends the temperature during soil of top: daytime 28 DEG C, evening 20 DEG C, humidity reaches more than 80%, suitably sprays clear water when stromal surface is dry, increases humidity neat in order to emerging; Note shading when noon, sunlight was strong; Fine day can the stronger ventilation time, allows seedling slowly grow at a lower temperature, is finally bred as the short strong sprout that stem slubbing is close, leaf is dark green, root system is many, and Plug seedling age is 40 ~ 50 days; Thinning to be carried out and transplant seedlings filling a vacancy after cotyledon launches, seedling unnecessary in single cave be pulled up and moves in the hole that is short of seedling, seedling unnecessary in cave is deleted simultaneously, be short of seedling after moving and mending, immediately to seedbed sprinkling clear water; Before field planting 1 ~ 2 day, 1 carbendazim, zineb etc. should be sprayed, in case seedbed disease brings land for growing field crops into.

Adopt the seedling that Nutrition Soil of the present invention and breeding method are cultivated, growth potential is strong, well developed root system, and disease resistance is strong, strong adaptability after transplanting.

Those skilled in the art should know; protection scheme of the present invention is not limited only to the above embodiments; various permutation and combination and conversion can also be carried out on the basis of above-described embodiment; under the prerequisite without prejudice to spirit of the present invention, the various conversion that the present invention carries out all are dropped in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a breeding method for cowpea seedling, comprises following process:

(1). the pretreatment of seed: seed is put into 50-70 DEG C of water and constantly stir, until drop to room temperature, seed soaking time is 6 ~ 8 hours, and constantly wash seed by rubbing with the hands, mucus is removed, to accelerate water suction and to breathe, pulls seed in water out and spread out and dry in the air 15 ~ 20 minutes, after making the surface of the seed moisture loss, wrap with the wet cloth of cleaning;

(2). configuration Nutrition Soil: by fertile rural area soil 2 parts, the wormcast 2 parts that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 2 parts, urea, Fu Erde microbe leaven 2 parts, the fine slag 1 part that sieves, wood chip 1 part of Homogeneous phase mixing, every cubic metre of bed soil adds 1kg superphosphate again, the Nutrition Soil that the 8 ~ 12cm that tiles in seedbed is thick, residue Nutrition Soil loads seedling culture hole plate and suppresses for subsequent use a little; Can wet-milling or 50% carbendazim tmtd can mix in 3kg rural area soil by wet-milling 8 ~ l0g by 50% thiophanate-methyl, fully medicine soil be made in mixing, is evenly sprinkling upon on seedbed by medicine soil;

(3). sowing: punch in seedling culture hole plate with card punch, the center in cave will be beaten in hole, hole depth: 1.2-1.4 centimetre, seed is placed in the hole at center, cave, one, every cave; Seed keeps flat, and covers, is laid in seedbed by the seedling culture hole plate sowed, and is irrigated by cave dish in time, spray and want light and even, prevent the matrix in hole and seed to go out when watering with clear water;

(4). seedling management: germination period temperature controls at 27-30 degree, and humidity is more than 90%; Plumular axis bends the temperature during soil of top: daytime 28 DEG C, evening 20 DEG C, humidity reaches more than 80%, suitably sprays clear water when stromal surface is dry, increases humidity neat in order to emerging; Note shading when noon, sunlight was strong; Fine day can the stronger ventilation time, allows seedling slowly grow at a lower temperature, is finally bred as the short strong sprout that stem slubbing is close, leaf is dark green, root system is many, and Plug seedling age is 40 ~ 50 days; Thinning to be carried out and transplant seedlings filling a vacancy after cotyledon launches, seedling unnecessary in single cave be pulled up and moves in the hole that is short of seedling, seedling unnecessary in cave is deleted simultaneously, be short of seedling after moving and mending, immediately to seedbed sprinkling clear water; Before field planting 1 ~ 2 day, 1 carbendazim, zineb etc. should be sprayed, in case seedbed disease brings land for growing field crops into.