CN105960981A - Ramie direct sowing culture method - Google Patents
Ramie direct sowing culture method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105960981A CN105960981A CN201610301139.9A CN201610301139A CN105960981A CN 105960981 A CN105960981 A CN 105960981A CN 201610301139 A CN201610301139 A CN 201610301139A CN 105960981 A CN105960981 A CN 105960981A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- boehmeria
- seed
- seedling
- ramie
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/04—Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
- A01C1/046—Carrier compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention provides a ramie direct sowing culture method. At present, ramie direct sowing cannot be applied in production. Innovation of a ramie seed direct sowing technology is a technical problem that science researchers and ramie growers need to face. The invention provides a cultivation method suitable for ramie direct sowing. The method simplifies production flow of ramie plantation, saves labor cost and time cost, effectively prevents growths of weeds in a seedling period, and gains time and space for growth of ramie seedlings, and meanwhile field management and harvesting of the ramie realize mechanized operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arable farming field, be specifically related to a kind of Boehmeria direct-sowing cultivating method.
Background technology
Boehmeria is China traditional characteristics industrial crops, and its production is concentrated mainly on domestic with research, lacks referential experience.China scientific worker
The each side such as the physiological foundation forming Boehmeria yield and quality, efficient plantation, Adverse Resistance Cultivation, light simplified cultivation, large-scale production is studied,
And it is made that significant contribution.But for breeding and processing etc., cultivation remains the weak link on Boehmeria scientific research chain with farming research.From
Since 1993 " China crudefiber crop cultivation " publishes, there is a technique improvement more, and rare technological innovation.
Breeding is a very important link during Boehmeria produces, and the quality of fiber crops Seedling directly influences the productivity in fiber crops garden.The method of Boehmeria breeding is divided into
Sexual propagation and asexual propagation, sexual propagation refers to that seminal propagation, asexual propagation have the breeding of root, stem, leaf, in vitro press strip, point root and stem of certain plants, insert bud, group
Knit cultivation etc..Seminal propagation use at present concentrates nursery more, carries out field-transplanting until Ramie Growth to suitable size with after the applicable time transplanted, this
It is the important step in production process and basis, is also the important technology of Boehmeria production.Being easily caused the death of fiber crops Seedling during transplanting, the later stage is necessary
Mend cultivation through several times, process of therefore transplanting needs to take a substantial amount of time and manpower.Instantly, along with reduction and the population of being engaged in agriculture of ramie planting area
Reducing, labor intensity increases per capita, it would be highly desirable to the problem solving the heavy complexity of Boehmeria production process, makes Boehmeria cultivation simplify.
The direct seeding technique of crop can reduce nursery and transplant the labor cost of link, and during Boehmeria live can also solve results, machinery is turned into
The problem of industry.But for Boehmeria, on soil, live Boehmeria seed is infeasible, and Boehmeria seed is the least, about 20,000,000, per kilogram seed
Left and right, environmental condition is required tight by Boehmeria seed seedling-raising, and technical difficulty is relatively big, and live Boehmeria can cause emergence rate low, so that yield falls sharply, simultaneously
Live edaphic condition is superior, causes weeds to overgrow, and increases later stage consuming labour force in remove impurity on the contrary, if early stage herbicide spraying, again can
Causing environmental pollution, for utilizing young stem and leaf as the Boehmeria of ensilage, herbicide will enter food chain, unfavorable to human and livestock health.
Innovation Boehmeria seed sowing technology, is researcher and fiber crops technical barrier faced by agriculture.Inventor's long-term work in Boehmeria technical field of cultivation,
It is devoted to Boehmeria seed sowing technology.Realizing the live best approach of Boehmeria is laying medium on soil, and this medium must is fulfilled for following condition:
1, Boehmeria root can be allowed to penetrate, enter soil；2, must there is certain lucifuge effect, prevent the weed seed in lower soil from growing；3, necessary
Can decompose under field conditions (factors), and environmentally safe after decomposition；4, must there is good air permeable effect, it is ensured that Boehmeria seed imputrescibility；5、
With low cost, it is readily available.After attempting several material, determine the medium using Plant fiber's film as live seed.And thus find out
Article one, the planting type that applicable Boehmeria is live, transplants, after solving Boehmeria nursery, the problem that labor intensity is big, optimizes seedling growth environment, also solve
The difficult problem cut weeds, it is to avoid use herbicide pollution on the environment.
The method that the present invention provides employs Plant fiber's film as live intermediary, is effectively prevented Boehmeria seed germination phase and Seedling Stage, weeds
Growth.Although prior art having the medium using fiber crops mulch film (a kind of Plant fiber's film) to be raising rice seedlings diaphragm, but its effect being to improve rice shoot
Root system dish knot power, makes rice shoot be difficult to loose (CN103070045, machine-transplanted rice seedling raising kind diaphragm and manufacture method thereof).Effect with the present invention is complete
Therefore those skilled in the art are not constituted technology enlightenment by difference.
Summary of the invention
The Boehmeria direct-sowing cultivating method that the present invention provides is achieved in that and utilizes Plant fiber's film as medium, is placed on the soil handled well,
Directly sowing on Plant fiber's film by the Boehmeria seed processed again, Boehmeria seed germination and Seedling Stage, root can penetrate Plant fiber's film, pricks
Entering in soil, the weed seed in soil is owing to lacking illumination, it is impossible to growth.When Plant fiber's film has decomposed, fiber crops Seedling has been completed seedling stage
Growth, this method is that the seedling growth of Boehmeria has won time and space, effectively prevented weeds with fiber crops Seedling fight for fertilizer and space.
Boehmeria seed is tiny merrily and lightheartedly, if directly broadcasting sowing Boehmeria seed on Plant fiber's film, environment is as easy as rolling off a log in the open is blown off by wind or is rushed by rainwater
Walking, in order to avoid this situation occurs, the present invention uses cattle manure, soil and sandstone to dress seed, and utilizes the viscosity that cattle manure is starched by firm for Boehmeria seed
Be attached on Plant fiber's film, after adding soil and sandstone, make Boehmeria seed being distributed on Plant fiber's film evenly.
And how to prevent Boehmeria in seedling stage from causing death owing to being exposed to the sun, and it is another problem of this technology generation, if using conventional thin film to cover, gesture
Must increase cost, be unfavorable for the popularization of this technology, inventor employs another kind of energy-conserving and environment-protective material to solve this problem.Inventor is by rice husk
With wood sawdust uniform fold on seed, the effective direct irradiation helping the Boehmeria seed germination phase to hide sunlight, after emerging, mulching straw, prevent
Seedling stage, direct sunlight hindered Seedling, and these materials can combine together with soil in the later stage, forms humus and provides nutrition for Boehmeria, and the method is simple to operate,
Pollution-free.
For Plant fiber's film of the present invention, refer in the cane of cotton fiber, reed rod, crudefiber crop fiber and all crops stalks
Kind or several thickness made are not more than the film of 0.8mm；
Further, in the selection of Plant fiber's film, prioritizing selection use pollution-free degradable numb mulch film as medium, reason be fiber crops mulch film relatively
For Plant fiber's film of other materials, breathability is more preferable, is fertilizer after rotting, and inventor is found surprisingly that the fiber crops Plastic-film disintegration time is
About 1 month, just with Boehmeria seed Seedling Stage time consistency；
Further, selected fiber crops mulch film is made with phloem fiber and the boon of Corchorus olitorius L. for raw material, and wherein the content of tossa is not less than 50%.
Preferably, using cultural method of the present invention, Boehmeria seed preferably removes grain husk shell, absorbs water in order to seed, improves germinating energy.Go
Except mode is dried, rubs by hands appropriateness and roll.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, used by be only used for explaining the present invention, and be not considered as limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1 site preparation and fertilization
To plan Ramie cultivars field, smooth railway carriage or compartment of making, railway carriage or compartment width 1.2-1.4m, length does not limits, face, spacing 0.5m. railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment must whole thin leveling,
Ploughing deeply, tilling depth 26-33 centimetre, the thin rake of shallow plowing before cultivation, reach deficiency in the upper and excess in the lower, soil broken ground floss, without the standard of caking, water content is to hold
Agglomerating, hands is opened i.e. to dissipate and is advisable, and combines shallow plowing and execute farm manure, carbamide and phosphate fertilizer.
Embodiment 2 is dressed seed
Raw cattle manure, soil and the fine sand of identical decile being stirred, the water adding mass ratio 50-70% continues to stir, and makes the half of seed dressing
Solid state composite, described complex, after high temperature sterilize, mixes with the mass ratio of 50:1 with Boehmeria seed, and this is seed dressing process.
Embodiment 3 is sowed
Plant fiber's film is laid in the field handled well, sprays appropriate water, be allowed to fit with soil, the Boehmeria that will mix with semi-solid bonding thing
Seed drilling is on Plant fiber's film, and strip width is 4-6cm, is spaced apart 55-65cm between band.
Drilling spreads a thin layer rice husk or sawmilling slag after completing, and thickness is advisable to lose Boehmeria seed.
Embodiment 4 seedling management
After having sowed, temperature on average is more than 18 DEG C time (or nursery in autumn), or before prediction has stormy weather, preferably selects the things such as Caulis et Folium Oryzae to cover
Lid, with lid to lose soil be advisable prevent damage children tender fiber crops Seedling.Throwing off Caulis et Folium Oryzae by several times after emerging in batches, throw off the 1/3 of covering after neat Seedling, 2 true
Remaining covering is thrown off after throwing off 1/3,4 true leaves after leaf again.
From the beginning of 6 leaf periods, according to fiber crops Seedling plant forms, remove plant forms visibly different fiber crops Seedling in colony.Between carrying out while roguing
Seedling.The method of thinning is first to remove small and weak Seedling, if density is still big, then removes part fiber crops Seedling.Thinning is carried out for 2-3 time to be divided, every time between
About 7 days interval.After thinning, field fiber crops Seedling density is advisable with 2500-3000 plant/acre.
Embodiment 4 middle term management
Conventionally or mechanization is managed.
Embodiment 5 is gathered in the crops
Conventionally or use mechanized harvest.
Beneficial effects of the present invention shows the following aspects:
1, live seed simplifies the production procedure of ramie planting, has saved labor cost and time cost, and wherein labor cost reduces more than 50%,
It is mainly reflected in the labour force eliminating Seedling Stage weeding, and the labour force of harvest time；
2, using Plant fiber's film as medium, can effectively prevent the growth of Seedling Stage weeds, the growth for Raime seedlings gains time and space, makes
The direct sowing culture method provided by the present invention, the weeds amount of Seedling Stage compared with prior art, reduces 90%；
3, using Plant fiber's film easily to decompose, environmentally friendly, as a example by Corchorus olitorius L. mulch film, degradation time is one month, and melts completely as organic matter
Enter in soil；
4, use the method to carry out live, Boehmeria field management and results can be made to realize do mechanization operation.
Claims (6)
1. a Boehmeria direct-sowing cultivating method, it is characterised in that described method by means of degradable plant fibre film as medium, specifically comprise with
Lower step:
S1 site preparation and fertilization
To plan Ramie cultivars field, smooth railway carriage or compartment of making, railway carriage or compartment width 1.2-1.4m, length does not limits, railway carriage or compartment spacing 0.5m, face, railway carriage or compartment must whole thin leveling,
Tilling depth 26-33 centimetre, the thin rake of shallow plowing before cultivation, reach deficiency in the upper and excess in the lower, soil broken ground floss, without the standard of caking, water content is agglomerating to hold, and hands is opened
I.e. dissipate and be advisable, and combine shallow plowing and execute farm manure, carbamide and phosphate fertilizer；
S2 dresses seed
Raw cattle manure, soil and the fine sand of identical decile being stirred, the water adding mass ratio 50-70% continues to stir, and makes the half of seed dressing
Solid state composite, described complex, after high temperature sterilize, mixes with the mass ratio of 50:1 with Boehmeria seed；
S3 sows
Plant fiber's film is laid in the field handled well, sprays appropriate water, be allowed to fit with soil, the Boehmeria seed bar that step S2 is mixed
Being sowed on Plant fiber's film, strip width is 4-6cm, is spaced apart 55-65cm between band, and drilling spreads a thin layer rice husk or sawmilling slag after completing,
Thickness is advisable to lose Boehmeria seed；
S4 seedling management
After having sowed, temperature on average is more than 18 DEG C time (or nursery in autumn), or before prediction has stormy weather, preferably selects the things such as Caulis et Folium Oryzae to cover
Lid, is advisable to loseing soil with lid, throws off Caulis et Folium Oryzae by several times in batches, throw off the 1/3 of covering, throw off 1/3,4 again after 2 true leaves after neat Seedling after emerging
Remaining covering is thrown off after sheet true leaf；
From the beginning of 6 leaf periods, according to fiber crops Seedling plant forms, remove plant forms visibly different fiber crops Seedling in colony；Between carrying out while roguing
Seedling；The method of thinning is first to remove small and weak Seedling, if density is still big, then removes part fiber crops Seedling, and thinning is carried out for 2-3 time to be divided, each between
About 7 days interval；After thinning, field fiber crops Seedling density is advisable with 2500-3000 plant/acre；
S5 middle term management
It is managed according to Boehmeria cultivation conventional method；
S6 gathers in the crops
Conventionally gather in the crops.
Boehmeria direct-sowing cultivating method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Plant fiber's film prepare raw material refer to cotton fiber,
One or more in reed rod, crudefiber crop fiber and all crops stalks canes.
Boehmeria direct-sowing cultivating method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of described Plant fiber's film is not more than 0.8mm.
4. according to the Boehmeria direct-sowing cultivating method described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the raw material of described Plant fiber's film is tossa and Huang
Boon.
5. according to the Boehmeria direct-sowing cultivating method described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that in the raw material of described Plant fiber's film, tossa
Content is not less than 50%.
Boehmeria direct-sowing cultivating method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Boehmeria seed used is the Boehmeria seed after removing grain husk shell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610301139.9A CN105960981A (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | Ramie direct sowing culture method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610301139.9A CN105960981A (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | Ramie direct sowing culture method |
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| CN105960981A true CN105960981A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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ID=56992183
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610301139.9A Pending CN105960981A (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | Ramie direct sowing culture method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106561216A (en) * | 2016-10-29 | 2017-04-19 | 施秉县富民高新农业发展有限公司 | Planting method for improving yield of leguminosae |
| CN107258287A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-10-20 | 湖南伟业生物科技有限公司 | A kind of ramie planting Silaging method |
| CN107896849A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-04-13 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of ramie planting method |
| CN109463231A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-03-15 | 重庆市渝东南农业科学院 | A kind of ramie planting based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method |
| CN109601277A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-12 | 浙江省萧山棉麻研究所 | A kind of highly dense dwarfing direct-sowing cultivating method of ramie |
| CN109744078A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-14 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of ramie seed sowing cultural method |
| CN110326495A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-10-15 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of ramie planting and harvesting method |
| CN110419396A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-08 | 高初旭 | A kind of jute plantation harvesting method |
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| CN103070045A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-01 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Rice seedling machine seedling planting diaphragm and manufacture method of rice seedling machine seedling planting diaphragm |
| CN103843659A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-06-11 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Breeding method for high-frequency polyembryony ramie seeds |
| CN104521533A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-22 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Fresh and alive organic vegetable production method |
| CN104686184A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-10 | 张玉雯 | Method for cultivating kender in saline-alkali soil |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103070045A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-01 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Rice seedling machine seedling planting diaphragm and manufacture method of rice seedling machine seedling planting diaphragm |
| CN103843659A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-06-11 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Breeding method for high-frequency polyembryony ramie seeds |
| CN104521533A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-22 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Fresh and alive organic vegetable production method |
| CN104686184A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-10 | 张玉雯 | Method for cultivating kender in saline-alkali soil |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106561216A (en) * | 2016-10-29 | 2017-04-19 | 施秉县富民高新农业发展有限公司 | Planting method for improving yield of leguminosae |
| CN107258287A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-10-20 | 湖南伟业生物科技有限公司 | A kind of ramie planting Silaging method |
| CN107896849A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-04-13 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of ramie planting method |
| CN109463231A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-03-15 | 重庆市渝东南农业科学院 | A kind of ramie planting based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method |
| CN109601277A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-12 | 浙江省萧山棉麻研究所 | A kind of highly dense dwarfing direct-sowing cultivating method of ramie |
| CN109601277B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2021-03-09 | 浙江省萧山棉麻研究所 | High-density dwarf direct seeding cultivation method for ramie |
| CN109744078A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-14 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of ramie seed sowing cultural method |
| CN110326495A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-10-15 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of ramie planting and harvesting method |
| CN110326495B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-08-24 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Ramie planting and harvesting method |
| CN110419396A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-08 | 高初旭 | A kind of jute plantation harvesting method |
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Application publication date: 20160928 |
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