CN106717755A - The implantation methods of cowpea - Google Patents
The implantation methods of cowpea Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106717755A CN106717755A CN201611012852.8A CN201611012852A CN106717755A CN 106717755 A CN106717755 A CN 106717755A CN 201611012852 A CN201611012852 A CN 201611012852A CN 106717755 A CN106717755 A CN 106717755A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- seedling
- seed
- cowpea
- implantation methods
- matrix
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0293—Seed or shoot receptacles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of cowpea.Specifically include herein below：Seed selection and sieve kind, make parcel matrix, seedling in greenhouse, seedling replanting, draws climing and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, are finally harvested in due course.Then the present invention improves the per mu yield in field by controlling the germination percentage of seed and the survival rate of seedling using the method for seedling replanting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to arable farming field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of cowpea.
Background technology
Cowpea is commonly called as carob, belongs to pulse family annual plant, and its stem has three kinds of short property, half tendril and tendril, with benefit in reason
Gas, good in strengthening stomach and tonifying kidney, face is adjusted the edible effect such as to take care of health.Cowpea happiness is warm, and heat resistance is strong, not low temperature resistant, easily by frost, in the whole nation
Various regions are main based on greenhouse gardening or spring, summer, autumn outdoor cropping.The cultural technigue of cowpea is broadly divided into kind choosing
Take, sow and nursery, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and in time harvesting, wherein field management are mainly fertilising, make-up water and branch
The measures such as frame, the management in field is for the subsequent growth of cowpea provides nutrition assurance, so the effect of fertilising will directly affect cowpea
The yield of beans, in order to ensure the yield of cowpea, its fertilizer practice is particularly important.
At present, live planting patterns is used mostly when planting cowpea, is directly to broadcast in field the seed after immersion
In the cave nest for being dug out, periodically fertilizing management is carried out, and built draws climing is carried out to it after germination, it is last to harvest in good time.Although straight
The cowpea planting patterns broadcast is easy to operate, but the germination percentage of seed is relatively low, it is likely that appearing in a cave nest does not have
The situation of germination, so as to the final per mu yield of cowpea can not be effectively ensured.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of implantation methods of the cowpea that can guarantee that per mu yield.
To achieve these goals, the base case for being used is as follows：
A kind of implantation methods of cowpea, essentially consist in and comprise the following steps：
（1）Seed selection and sieve kind：The strong seed of selection disease resistance, 6 hours are soaked with 26~32 DEG C of warm water, and one is stirred per hour
Secondary seed, the cur's removal kept afloat by；
（2）Make parcel matrix：Uniformly mixed with excrement of animals using mud, the water for being subsequently adding 3~5 times of mass ratioes is diluted to bag
Matrix is wrapped up in, finally and the seed after immersion is poured into and is well mixed in parcel matrix；
（3）Seedling in greenhouse：Digged in greenhouse, the depth digged is 5~10cm, then will be mixed seed-bearing parcel matrix
Flush system is poured on the new soil for turning over, and is carried out after germination aeration-cooling；
（4）Seedling replanting：Field is digged, and applies one layer of base fertilizer, the fertilization mode of base fertilizer be every mu of pig manure 1800~
1900 kilograms, 15~20 kilograms of composite fertilizer, 1~1.5 kilogram of borax, then dig cave nest, adjacent cave nest is spaced 50cm~80cm, and
The crop rotation potato between adjacent cave nest, then will reveal out first pair of true leaf but it is also not deployed when seedling cloudy day move
Plant in the nest of cave, 2~3 plants of the seedling of each cave nest, thickness of earth covering is 3~5cm, finally in the dry stalk in one layer of earthing upper berth
Ash；
（5）Draws climing：Seedling starts built when growing to 7~8 leaves, then draw restocking by climing；
（6）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Seedling leaf back is sprayed with dimethoate emulsion and Aphox dilute solution, once in a week, and is extractd in time
Sick leaf；
（7）Timely collecting.
The principle of base case：Make to penetrate into moisture in seed using warm water immersion first, be that necessary preparation is carried out in rudiment, adopt
It is the activity for strengthening enzyme in seed with the effect of warm water, and by steeping to plant cur can be allowed to float on the surface and then remove, so that
Ensure that chitting piece kind is excellent.Draw excrement uniformly to mix and then dilute with water in mud and livestock, it can be made into pasty state, then will
Seed is poured into and wherein mixed, the viscosity having by mud so that the surface of the seed with one layer containing livestock draw excrement film, so as to be
The germination of seed provides necessary nutriment.The seedling when germinateing is transplanted when revealing out also not deployed true leaf,
Essentially consisting in can prevent seedling excessive growth.During seedling replanting, the effect that one layer of dry straw ash is repaved on earthing is, sharp
Its water imbibition is used, can permeate up the moisture in soil, solve the problems, such as that the water suction of seedling replanting initial stage is difficult.
The beneficial effect of base case：During seed selection and sieve kind, seed, its temperature are soaked using 26~32 DEG C of warm water
The optimum activity temperature of enzyme in closer to seed, and the principle floated by cur tentatively selects the cur for being difficult germination, so that
Germination percentage to seed realizes preliminary control.It is not only that germination is carried to draw the film of excrement with livestock in the outer attached last layer of seed
For need nutrition, the effect of Windproof thermal insulation is also served to seed, for the germination of seed provides good environment.Seedling replanting
When apply one layer of base fertilizer in advance in field, can be seedling provide growth needed for nutriment, it is possible to reduce seedling growth
When multiple fertilising；The fertility of soil can be kept as wheel crop using potato during seedling replanting, supporting in balanced soil
Point, and disease pest and weed is reduced, and change germ parasitism main body, finally it is more beneficial for the production of cowpea；On earthing upper berth, straw ash is not
Only permeate up effectively the moisture in soil, also for cowpea provides carbonate nutrient.Finally, with use cowpea kind
The live planting technology of son is compared, and the appearance of hole nest is effectively avoided using seedling replanting, it is ensured that the kind of every mu of cowpea
Plant number.
Base case is optimized and obtains prioritization scheme 1, keep root to have original soil during seedling replanting.Prevent
Seedling, to new environment inadaptability, by realizing the transition to new growing environment with original soil, is improved after transplanting
The survival rate of seedling.
Base case is optimized and obtains prioritization scheme 2, in step（2）Parcel matrix in the broken dormancy germinator of mixing.
Can make cowpea seed fast germination by being mixed into brokenly dormancy germinator.
Base case is optimized and obtains prioritization scheme 3, in step（2）Steam is passed through afterwards to be heated, and makes parcel
The temperature of matrix maintains 30~34 DEG C, and the heat time is 3~4 hours.The work of enzyme in seed is maintained by keeping temperature
Property, for germination provides necessary heat.
Base case is optimized and obtains prioritization scheme 4, step（5）Employed in built on multiple cross bars are installed,
And fish scale mouthful is set on built.Seedling can be caused after restocking by such mode, the fulcrum of climbing is provided for seedling,
It is set to be difficult to be dropped from built.
Specific embodiment
Describe the implantation methods of cowpea in detail by taking embodiment 1 as an example below, other embodiment and comparative example are in Tables 1 and 2
Middle embodiment, unshowned part is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of cowpea, including herein below：
（1）Seed selection and sieve kind：The strong seed of selection disease resistance, 6 hours are soaked with 26 DEG C of warm water, stir once plant per hour
Son, the cur's removal kept afloat by；
（2）Make parcel matrix：Draw excrement uniformly to mix using mud and livestock, be subsequently adding 3~5 times of water dilutions of mass ratio, will
Seed after immersion is poured into and is well mixed in parcel matrix；
（3）Seedling in greenhouse：Digged in greenhouse, the depth digged is 5~10cm, then will be mixed seed-bearing parcel matrix
Flush system is poured on the new soil for turning over, and carries out aeration-cooling after germination, and the seedling when germinateing reveals out first pair also not
Prepare to transplant during the true leaf of expansion；
（4）Seedling replanting：Field is digged, and applies one layer of base fertilizer, when applying fertilizer to the subsoil every mu of pig block 1800~1900 kilograms of excrement,
15~20 kilograms of composite fertilizer, 1~1.5 kilogram of borax, then take cave nest, interval 50cm~80cm between each cave nest, and
Between crop rotation potato, at the cloudy day by seedling replanting to cave nest, 2~3 plants of the seedling of each cave nest, thickness of earth covering is 3~
5cm, finally in the dry straw ash in one layer of earthing upper berth；
（5）Draws climing：Seedling starts built when growing to 7~8 leaves, then draw restocking by climing；
（6）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Seedling leaf back is sprayed with dimethoate emulsion and Aphox dilute solution emphasis, once in a week, and in time
Extract sick leaf；
（7）Timely collecting.
Table 1
Table 2
| Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Contrast 5 | Contrast 6 | Contrast 7 | |
| Whether crop rotation | It is | It is | It is | It is | It is | It is no |
| Amount of Base Fertilizer（kg） | 1800 | 1850 | 1900 | 1000 | 2500 | 1850 |
| Per mu yield（t） | 2.43 | 2.50 | 2.47 | 1.89 | 2.24 | 2.23 |
The germination percentage corresponding to bubble kind of temperature that embodiment 1-3 is used is essentially identical, embodiment 1-3 and contrast 1 and contrasts 2
Compare, germination percentage is significantly higher, thus illustrate that 26~32 DEG C of soaking temperature is more suitable for cowpea germination of bean effect.Embodiment 2
Compared with contrast 3, parcel matrix can effectively improve the germination percentage of cowpea on seed.
After germination, compared with Example 2, it is relatively low that seed transplants survival rate to embodiment 1 before true leaf grows, embodiment
1 compared with Example 3, before true leaf launches with transplant corresponding survival rate after expansion and slightly have raising, integrated embodiment 1-3 is contrasted
Can draw, the survival rate transplanted after true leaf is grown is more preferable.Embodiment 1 with contrast 1 compared with, the earthing upper berth after seedling cultivation
If straw ash can improve survival rate of the seedling in growth course.
Embodiment 4-6 is compared, and the per mu yield of cowpea is roughly the same, embodiment 4-6 with contrast 5 compared with, when Amount of Base Fertilizer is relatively low mu
Product can also be reduced, and compared with contrast 6, Amount of Base Fertilizer can reduce per mu yield when superfluous, in fact it could happen that sky situation long.Embodiment 5 with it is right
Compared than 7, be conducive to increasing the yield of cowpea using the planting patterns of crop rotation.
Above-described is only embodiments of the invention, and the general knowledge such as known concrete structure or characteristic is not made herein in scheme
Excessive description.It should be pointed out that for a person skilled in the art, on the premise of structure of the present invention is not departed from, can be with
Some deformations and improvement are made, these should also be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these are implemented all without the influence present invention
Effect and practical applicability.This application claims protection domain should be defined by the content of its claim, in specification
Specific embodiment etc. records the content that can be used for explaining claim.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of implantation methods of cowpea, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Seed selection and sieve kind：The strong seed of selection disease resistance, 6 hours are soaked with 26~32 DEG C of warm water, and one is stirred per hour
Secondary seed, the cur's removal kept afloat by；
（2）Make parcel matrix：Uniformly mixed with excrement of animals using mud, the water for being subsequently adding 3~5 times of mass ratioes is diluted to bag
Matrix is wrapped up in, finally and the seed after immersion is poured into and is well mixed in parcel matrix；
（3）Seedling in greenhouse：Digged in greenhouse, the depth digged is 5~10cm, then will be mixed seed-bearing parcel matrix
Flush system is poured on the new soil for turning over, and is carried out after germination aeration-cooling；
（4）Seedling replanting：Field is digged, and applies one layer of base fertilizer, the fertilization mode of base fertilizer be every mu of pig manure 1800~
1900 kilograms, 15~20 kilograms of composite fertilizer, 1~1.5 kilogram of borax, then dig cave nest, adjacent cave nest is spaced 50cm~80cm, and
The crop rotation potato between adjacent cave nest, then will reveal out first pair of true leaf but it is also not deployed when seedling cloudy day move
Plant in the nest of cave, 2~3 plants of the seedling of each cave nest, thickness of earth covering is 3~5cm, finally in the dry stalk in one layer of earthing upper berth
Ash；
（5）Draws climing：Seedling starts built when growing to 7~8 leaves, then draw restocking by climing；
（6）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Seedling leaf back is sprayed with dimethoate emulsion and Aphox dilute solution, once in a week, and is extractd in time
Sick leaf；
（7）Timely collecting.
2. implantation methods of cowpea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Root is kept during seedling replanting with original
Soil.
3. implantation methods of cowpea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（2）In parcel matrix in mix
Close broken dormancy germinator.
4. implantation methods of cowpea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（2）Being passed through steam afterwards is carried out
Heating, makes the temperature of parcel matrix maintain 30~34 DEG C, and the heat time is 3~4 hours.
5. implantation methods of cowpea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（5）Employed in built on pacify
The multiple cross bars of dress, and fish scale mouthful is set on built.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611012852.8A CN106717755A (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2016-11-17 | The implantation methods of cowpea |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611012852.8A CN106717755A (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2016-11-17 | The implantation methods of cowpea |
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| CN106717755A true CN106717755A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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| CN201611012852.8A Pending CN106717755A (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2016-11-17 | The implantation methods of cowpea |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108934884A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-07 | 富川凯邦农资经营部 | A kind of implantation methods of greenhouse cowpea |
| CN109548616A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-04-02 | 镇江三龙生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cowpea greenhouse cultivation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109548616A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-04-02 | 镇江三龙生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cowpea greenhouse cultivation method |
| CN108934884A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-07 | 富川凯邦农资经营部 | A kind of implantation methods of greenhouse cowpea |
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