CN112602561A - Growth-promoting type culture medium and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Growth-promoting type culture medium and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a growth-promoting type culture medium and a preparation method and application thereof. Poultry feather and edible fungus residue are mixed according to a C/N ratio of 25-30: 1 to obtain a raw material mixture, then adjusting the water content of the raw material mixture to 60-70%, performing composting fermentation, turning when the fermentation temperature rises to 55 ℃, turning the pile at the right time, and entering an aging stage after the temperature drops to obtain the fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product. The broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder comprises bacillus megaterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder. Taking 25-50 parts by volume of the fungus dreg-feather combined leavening, 50-75 parts by volume of peat soil, 20-30 parts by volume of coconut husk, 10-20 parts by volume of vermiculite and 5-10 parts by volume of perlite, uniformly mixing the fungus dreg-feather combined leavening, peat soil and coconut husk, sterilizing, adding broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder accounting for 0.15-0.3% of the mass of the vermiculite, the perlite and the total mixed materials, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the growth-promoting culture medium.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of planting nutrient soil, and particularly relates to a growth-promoting type culture medium and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background art:
with the explosion of soilless culture, the demand of culture media is rapidly increasing. Peat soil is considered to be the most ideal substrate raw material in cultivation due to stable structure, high organic matter, good air permeability, strong water retention and no germ, worm egg and the like. However, peat is a non-renewable resource and is limited in its development due to its uneven distribution, high cost, etc. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new renewable and inexpensive alternative materials for peat substrate.
At present, peat soil is mainly replaced by one or more of straw, carbonized rice hull, wood dust, furnace slag, livestock and poultry manure and the like in China. Although a certain effect is achieved, the cultivation effect is still poor, the safety level is low, the leaves are yellow, the pest and disease damage is serious and the like compared with peat soil, so that the marketability of the seedlings is influenced, and huge economic loss is possibly caused. CN107188716A discloses a nutrient soil for eggplant seedling raising and a preparation method thereof, wherein the nutrient soil is prepared from raw materials such as fermented cow dung, rice hulls, fermented chicken manure, oyster mushroom fungus dregs and the like through a plurality of formula screening tests. Although the substrate replaces turf with livestock and poultry manure and enables agricultural wastes such as the livestock and poultry manure to be recycled, the nutrient soil is extremely low in safety because of high EC value, and seedlings are easy to burn. CN107371724A discloses a spinach cultivation medium and a cultivation method, which is prepared by mixing fermented bacterial manure, perlite, inorganic fertilizer and the like. Although the matrix can meet the requirements of spinach on nutrients in different growth periods, different microbial inoculums need to be added for many times in the bacterial manure fermentation process, and the fermentation process is complex. Therefore, the cultivation effect, the safety of the substrate and the simplicity of the process need to be considered when finding a cheap grass peat substitute material. CN108812113A discloses a method for using oyster mushroom dregs as a potting medium and application thereof in vegetable cultivation, which clarifies that the oyster mushroom dregs can improve the content of elements such as amino acid, crude protein and the like in the cultivation medium, reduces the investment of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, reduces the production and management cost, and is an ideal organic cultivation medium. But the fermentation process of the oyster mushroom dregs is complex and has long period, and the vegetable yield-increasing effect in the later period is not obvious.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to replace part of peat soil with agricultural and forestry waste edible fungus residues and poultry feather fermentation products, and obtains a growth-promoting culture medium which can promote plant growth and reduce pollution of agricultural and forestry waste by adding broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting microorganisms from an external source.
The growth-promoting culture medium provided by the invention comprises the following preparation methods:
(1) combined fermentation of mushroom dregs and feather
Poultry feather and edible fungus residue are mixed according to a C/N ratio of 25-30: 1 to obtain a raw material mixture, then adjusting the water content of the raw material mixture to 60-70%, performing composting fermentation, turning when the fermentation temperature rises to 55 ℃, turning the pile at the right time, and entering an aging stage after the temperature of the pile falls to obtain a fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product;
(2) preparation of broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder
The broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder comprises bacillus megaterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder;
(3) preparation of culture medium
Taking 25-50 parts by volume of the fungus dreg-feather combined leavening, 50-75 parts by volume of peat soil, 20-30 parts by volume of coconut husk, 10-20 parts by volume of vermiculite and 5-10 parts by volume of perlite, uniformly mixing the fungus dreg-feather combined leavening, peat soil and coconut husk, sterilizing, adding broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder accounting for 0.15-0.3% of the mass of the vermiculite, the perlite and the total mixed materials, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the growth-promoting culture medium.
Preferably, the mushroom dregs in the step (1) are mushroom sticks left after cultivation of edible mushrooms, such as pleurotus geesteranus dregs and/or flammulina velutipes dregs.
Preferably, the feather in the step (1) is duck feather and goose feather.
Preferably, the broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder in the step (2) is obtained by mixing bacillus megaterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
Preferably, the Bacillus megaterium deposited in step (2) is GIMCC 1.270; the bacillus subtilis deposit number is GIMCC 1.755; the Bacillus licheniformis is GIMCC 1.182. Wherein the effective viable count of the bacillus megaterium powder is 100 hundred million/g, the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis powder is 1000 hundred million/g, and the effective viable count of the bacillus licheniformis powder is 1000 hundred million/g.
Preferably, the fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product in the step (1) is undersize product which passes through a 3mm sieve.
Preferably, the peat soil is grass carbon with the fiber degree of 0-20; the coconut coir is bulk coconut coir with particle size of 6-10mm after washing and desalting; the vermiculite is gold vermiculite with the grain diameter of 2-6 mm; the perlite is horticultural perlite with particle size of 2-4 mm.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the growth-promoting cultivation substrate prepared by the method.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the growth-promoting culture substrate in promoting the rapid growth of plants.
Preferably, the plant is capsicum or shanghai green.
The growth-promoting culture medium has wide material source and simple preparation; contains high-activity amino acid, and can stimulate the rapid growth of plants; the air permeability is good, the water and fertilizer retention capacity is strong, and the watering and fertilizer applying times can be reduced; the broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting bacteria powder is added in the culture medium from an external source, so that the resistance of plants can be improved, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, the investment of pesticides is reduced, and the culture cost is reduced.
The growth-promoting culture medium provided by the invention utilizes fermented mushroom dregs and feathers to replace peat, so that the mushroom dregs and feathers are changed into valuable substances, and the mushroom dregs and feathers fermented by microorganisms release 17 amino acids, so that the rapid growth of plants can be stimulated. In addition, broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder added from an external source in the growth-promoting culture medium can improve the resistance of plants, reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, reduce the investment of pesticides and reduce the culture cost. The invention takes the agricultural wastes such as the fungus dregs and the feathers as the main raw materials for cultivation, not only has good cultivation effect and low cost, but also can avoid the secondary pollution of the agricultural wastes to the environment.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows the germination of Haichia japonica at different fungal dreg-feather combined fermentation alternatives;
FIG. 2 shows the germination rates of Haematococcus japonicas at different fungal dreg-feather combined fermentation replacement amounts;
FIG. 3 is the chlorophyll content of capsicum annuum of different culture media;
FIG. 4 shows the fresh and dry weight of pepper plants with different culture media.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples for the purpose of facilitating understanding by those skilled in the art.
Bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) is preserved in Guangdong province microorganism strain collection center, and the strain number is GIMCC 1.270. The liquid fermentation culture solution formula of the strain is as follows: each liter of the culture medium contains 1-1.5 g of glucose, 1-2 g of corn flour, 2-4 g of soybean meal, 0.3-0.5 g of sodium chloride and the balance of distilled water, and the liquid fermentation culture medium is prepared by uniformly mixing the components and sterilizing. The fermentation condition is that the bacillus megaterium is cultured for 24-48 hours at 37 ℃, spray drying is carried out after liquid fermentation, and bacillus megaterium powder is prepared, and the effective viable count of the powder can reach more than 100 hundred million/g.
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) is preserved in Guangdong province microorganism culture collection center, and the strain number is GIMCC 1.755. The liquid fermentation culture solution formula of the strain is as follows: each liter of the culture medium contains 0.5-1 g of glucose, 2-3 g of corn flour, 4-6 g of soybean meal, 0.4-0.5 g of sodium chloride and the balance of distilled water, and the liquid fermentation culture medium is prepared by uniformly mixing the components and sterilizing. The fermentation condition is that the bacillus subtilis is cultured for 24-48 hours at 37 ℃, spray drying is carried out after liquid fermentation, and the bacillus subtilis powder is prepared, wherein the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis powder can reach more than 1000 hundred million/g.
The bacillus licheniformis is preserved in Guangdong province microorganism culture collection center, and the strain number is GIMCC 1.182. The liquid fermentation culture solution formula of the strain is as follows: each liter of the culture medium contains 0.5-1 g of glucose, 2-3 g of corn flour, 4-6 g of soybean meal, 0.4-0.5 g of sodium chloride and the balance of distilled water, and the liquid fermentation culture medium is prepared by uniformly mixing the components and sterilizing. The fermentation condition is that the bacillus subtilis is cultured for 24-48 hours at 37 ℃, spray drying is carried out after liquid fermentation, and the bacillus subtilis powder is prepared, wherein the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis powder can reach more than 1000 hundred million/g.
Example 1
(1) Pretreatment of raw materials: poultry feather (chicken feather) and pleurotus geesteranus mushroom dregs are mixed according to a C/N ratio of 25: 1 to prepare a raw material mixture, adjusting the water content to 70 percent, carrying out pile-up compost fermentation, turning the pile immediately when the fermentation temperature rises to 55 ℃, and turning the pile once every other day later to promote the evaporation of the water content and oxygen supply of the solid fermentation;
(2) and (3) an aging stage: entering an aging stage along with the reduction of the composting temperature, and obtaining a fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product after the aging is finished;
(3) the broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder is obtained by mixing bacillus megaterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
(4) The fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product, peat soil, coconut husk, vermiculite and perlite are prepared according to the proportion in the table 1. The method comprises the steps of firstly, uniformly mixing the mushroom dreg-feather combined fermentation product, peat soil and coconut chaff, then sterilizing, adding vermiculite, perlite and broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder which accounts for 0.3% of the total mass of the mixed materials into the mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the growth-promoting type culture medium.
Influence of amount of different fungus residue-feather combined fermentation products replacing peat soil on germination rate of Shanghai green
In order to ensure the safety of the culture medium and explore the optimal substitute quantity of the fungus dreg-feather combined fermentation product, the Haihong is taken as a research object, and the substitute quantity of the fungus dreg-feather combined fermentation product is set as follows: 0. 25 parts, 50 parts, 75 parts and 100 parts, which are respectively marked as follows: CK. T1, T2, T3 and T4, which were used to study the influence of the germination percentage on the germination percentage of Shanghai green (the treated substrate was wetted with water, then the substrate was placed in culture dishes in the same volume, 40 seeds of Shanghai green were sown in each dish, the substrate surface was wetted with a watering can, placed in an illumination incubator at 26 ℃ and 80% humidity for culture, then water was sprayed with the watering can once a day, and the germination percentage of Shanghai green was counted after 3 days of culture). The specific test treatments are shown in table 1.
Table 1 test treatment
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the germination rate of the Shanghai Qinghai is increased and then decreased along with the increase of the replacement amount of the fungus dreg-feather combined fermentation product. When the substitution amount reached 50 parts (T2), the germination rate tended to decrease, but there was no difference from CK at a significant level. The amount of the fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product replacing peat is not more than 50 parts. In the subsequent preparation of the culture medium, the usage amount of the fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product is controlled within 50 parts.
Example 2
A preparation method of a growth-promoting culture medium comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: poultry feather (chicken feather) and pleurotus geesteranus mushroom dregs are mixed according to the C/N ratio of 30: 1 to prepare a raw material mixture, adjusting the water content to 60 percent, performing pile-up compost fermentation, turning the piles immediately when the fermentation temperature rises to 55 ℃, and turning the piles once every other day to promote the evaporation of water and oxygen supply of solid fermentation;
(2) and (3) an aging stage: entering an aging stage along with the reduction of the composting temperature, and obtaining a fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product after the aging is finished;
(3) the broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder is obtained by mixing bacillus megaterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
(4) 25 parts of mushroom residue-feather combined fermentation product, 75 parts of peat soil, 30 parts of coconut coir, 15 parts of vermiculite and 10 parts of perlite are taken according to volume parts. The method comprises the steps of firstly, uniformly mixing the mushroom dreg-feather combined fermentation product, peat soil and coconut chaff, then sterilizing, adding vermiculite, perlite and broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder which accounts for 0.3% of the total mass of the mixed materials into the mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the growth-promoting culture medium.
Example 3
(1) Pretreatment of raw materials: poultry feather (chicken feather) and pleurotus geesteranus mushroom dregs are mixed according to a C/N ratio of 25: 1 to prepare a raw material mixture, adjusting the water content to 70 percent, carrying out pile-up compost fermentation, turning the pile immediately when the fermentation temperature rises to 55 ℃, and turning the pile once every other day later to promote the evaporation of the water content and oxygen supply of the solid fermentation;
(2) and (3) an aging stage: entering an aging stage along with the reduction of the composting temperature, and obtaining a fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product after the aging is finished;
(3) the broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder is obtained by mixing bacillus megaterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
(4) Taking 50 parts of mushroom residue-feather combined fermentation product, 50 parts of peat soil, 30 parts of coconut coir, 15 parts of vermiculite and 10 parts of perlite according to volume parts. The method comprises the steps of firstly, uniformly mixing the mushroom dreg-feather combined fermentation product, peat soil and coconut chaff, then sterilizing, adding vermiculite, perlite and broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder which accounts for 0.3% of the total mass of the mixed materials into the mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the growth-promoting culture medium.
Effect test 1: influence of different culture mediums on growth, development and yield of pepper
And (3) experimental design:
the test is totally provided with 3 substrate cultivation treatments, namely a growth promoting type cultivation substrate (T1) prepared in example 2, a growth promoting type cultivation substrate (T2) prepared in example 3 and a peat cultivation substrate (CK, which is prepared by taking 100 parts of peat soil, 30 parts of coconut husk, 15 parts of vermiculite and 10 parts of perlite according to volume parts, firstly, the peat soil and the coconut husk are uniformly mixed and then sterilized, after that, the vermiculite, the perlite and broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth promoting functional microbial powder which is 0.3 percent of the total mixed material by mass are added into the mixed material, and the peat cultivation substrate is obtained after fully and uniformly mixing. 15 pots were set for each substrate, for a total of 45 pots tested.
The cultivation method comprises the following steps:
1. after accelerating germination, the pepper seeds are sowed in a 32-hole plug tray filled with seedling culture medium, and the pepper seedlings are transplanted when growing to 3 leaves and 1 heart.
2. Before transplanting, the substrate is moistened by clear water, the moisture degree is that the substrate is held by hands to form a cluster, and the substrate is loosened slightly after the hands are released. Putting the substrates (T1, T2 and CK) into flowerpots with the upper opening diameter of 5cm, the lower opening diameter of 3.5cm and the height of 4.7cm respectively, and planting 1 pepper seedling.
3. Pouring Hoagland nutrient solution every 5 days after field planting, and managing other management according to the high-quality pepper cultivation technology. And investigating the agronomic characters, chlorophyll content and dry matter accumulation condition of the peppers 30 days after field planting. Counting the number of the pepper fruits, the weight of the single fruit and the yield of the single plant from 80 days after the value is fixed.
And (4) counting results:
influence of different culture mediums on agronomic characters of pepper
As can be seen from table 2, compared with peat culture medium (CK), when the culture medium prepared by replacing part of peat with the combined fermentation product of mushroom dregs and feather in different proportions is used, the plant height of pepper is increased by 13.14% (T1) and 12.66% (T2), the stem diameter is increased by 22.85% and 18.35%, the leaf length is increased by 11.65% and 16.89%, the leaf area is increased by 20.23% and 24.65%, and the significant difference exists between the leaf length and the stem diameter, but the significant difference does not exist between T1 and T2, which indicates that the growth of pepper plants is not affected when the replacement amount of the combined fermentation product of mushroom dregs and feather is not more than 50 parts.
TABLE 2 agronomic traits of pepper with different culture media
(II) influence of different culture media on chlorophyll content of capsicum
As can be seen from fig. 3, compared with a peat culture medium (CK), when the culture medium prepared by replacing a part of peat with the fungus dreg-feather combined fermentation product in different proportions, the chlorophyll content of pepper is obviously increased, and is respectively increased by 19.86% (T1) and 22.70% (T2) compared with CK, and the difference between the pepper and the CK is significant, but there is no significant difference between T1 and T2, which indicates that the photosynthesis of pepper leaves is not affected when the substitution amount of the fungus dreg-feather combined fermentation product is not more than 50 parts.
(III) influence of different culture mediums on fresh and dry weight of pepper
As can be seen from fig. 4, compared with a peat culture medium (CK), when a part of peat culture medium is replaced by the mushroom dreg-feather combined fermentation product in different proportions, the fresh weight of pepper plants is increased by 73.76% (T1) and 95.60% (T2), respectively, and is significantly different from that of the peat culture medium (CK), but there is no significant difference between T1 and T2, which indicates that the growth of the pepper plants can be significantly promoted when the replacement amount of the mushroom dreg-feather combined fermentation product is not more than 50 parts.
(IV) influence of different cultivation mediums on the yield of each plant of Capsicum annuum
As can be seen from table 3, compared with peat culture medium (CK), when the culture medium prepared by replacing part of peat with the fungus dreg-feather combined fermentation product in different proportions is used, the fruit weight of each pepper is increased by 25.23% (T1) and 28.79% (T2), the number of each pepper is increased by 23.40% and 27.66%, the yield of each pepper is increased by 57.89% and 64.71%, and the difference between the fruit weight and the yield is significantly different from that of CK, but there is no significant difference between T1 and T2, which indicates that the yield of each pepper can be significantly increased when the substitution amount of the fungus dreg-feather combined fermentation product is less than 50 parts.
TABLE 3 individual yield of pepper on different cultivation media
Example 4
(1) Pretreatment of raw materials: poultry feather (chicken feather) and pleurotus geesteranus mushroom dregs are mixed according to a C/N ratio of 25: 1 to prepare a raw material mixture, adjusting the water content to 70 percent, carrying out pile-up compost fermentation, turning the pile immediately when the fermentation temperature rises to 55 ℃, and turning the pile once every other day later to promote the evaporation of the water content and oxygen supply of the solid fermentation;
(2) and (3) an aging stage: entering an aging stage along with the reduction of the composting temperature, and obtaining a fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product after the aging is finished;
(3) the broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder is obtained by mixing bacillus megaterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
(4) Taking 50 parts of mushroom residue-feather combined fermentation product, 50 parts of peat soil, 20 parts of coconut coir, 20 parts of vermiculite and 5 parts of perlite according to volume parts. The method comprises the steps of firstly, uniformly mixing the mushroom dreg-feather combined fermentation product, peat soil and coconut chaff, then sterilizing, adding vermiculite, perlite and broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder which accounts for 0.15% of the total mass of the mixed materials into the mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the growth-promoting culture medium.
Example 5
(1) Pretreatment of raw materials: poultry feather (chicken feather) and pleurotus geesteranus mushroom dregs are mixed according to a C/N ratio of 25: 1 to prepare a raw material mixture, adjusting the water content to 70 percent, carrying out pile-up compost fermentation, turning the pile immediately when the fermentation temperature rises to 55 ℃, and turning the pile once every other day later to promote the evaporation of the water content and oxygen supply of the solid fermentation;
(2) and (3) an aging stage: entering an aging stage along with the reduction of the composting temperature, and obtaining a fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product after the aging is finished;
(3) the broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder is obtained by mixing bacillus megaterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
(4) Taking 50 parts of mushroom residue-feather combined fermentation product, 50 parts of peat soil, 30 parts of coconut coir, 10 parts of vermiculite and 5 parts of perlite according to volume parts. The method comprises the steps of firstly, uniformly mixing the mushroom dreg-feather combined fermentation product, peat soil and coconut chaff, then sterilizing, adding vermiculite, perlite and broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder which accounts for 0.2% of the total mass of the mixed materials into the mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the growth-promoting culture medium.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the growth-promoting culture medium is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) combined fermentation of mushroom dregs and feather
Poultry feather and edible fungus residue are mixed according to a C/N ratio of 25-30: 1 to obtain a raw material mixture, then adjusting the water content of the raw material mixture to 60-70%, performing composting fermentation, turning when the fermentation temperature rises to 55 ℃, turning the pile at the right time, and entering an aging stage after the temperature of the pile falls to obtain a fungus residue-feather combined fermentation product;
(2) preparation of broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder
The broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder comprises bacillus megaterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder;
(3) preparation of culture medium
Taking 25-50 parts by volume of the fungus dreg-feather combined leavening, 50-75 parts by volume of peat soil, 20-30 parts by volume of coconut husk, 10-20 parts by volume of vermiculite and 5-10 parts by volume of perlite, uniformly mixing the fungus dreg-feather combined leavening, peat soil and coconut husk, sterilizing, adding broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder accounting for 0.15-0.3% of the mass of the vermiculite, the perlite and the total mixed materials, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the growth-promoting culture medium.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mushroom dregs in the step (1) are mushroom sticks left after cultivation of edible mushrooms, such as pleurotus geesteranus dregs and/or flammulina velutipes dregs.
3. The method for preparing the feather of the Chinese herbal medicine composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feather of the step (1) is duck feather and goose feather.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the broad-spectrum disease-resistant growth-promoting functional microbial powder in the step (2) is obtained by mixing bacillus megaterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder and bacillus licheniformis powder in a mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
5. The process according to claim 4, wherein the Bacillus megaterium deposited in step (2) is GIMCC 1.270; the bacillus subtilis deposit number is GIMCC 1.755; the bacillus licheniformis is GIMCC1.182, wherein the effective viable count of the bacillus megaterium powder is 100 hundred million/g, the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis powder is 1000 hundred million/g, and the effective viable count of the bacillus licheniformis powder is 1000 hundred million/g.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the combined fermentation product of mushroom dregs and feather in step (1) is undersize product passing through a 3mm sieve.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the peat soil is 0-20 fiber degree peat; the coconut coir is bulk coconut coir with particle size of 6-10mm after washing and desalting; the vermiculite is gold vermiculite with the grain diameter of 2-6 mm; the perlite is horticultural perlite with particle size of 2-4 mm.
8. A growth-promoting cultivation substrate prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Use of the growth-promoting cultivation substrate according to claim 8 for promoting rapid growth of plants.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the plant is capsicum or shanghai green.
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