CN114532181B - Organic planting soil and application thereof in pecan planting - Google Patents
Organic planting soil and application thereof in pecan planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN114532181B CN114532181B CN202210238648.7A CN202210238648A CN114532181B CN 114532181 B CN114532181 B CN 114532181B CN 202210238648 A CN202210238648 A CN 202210238648A CN 114532181 B CN114532181 B CN 114532181B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
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- 241001453450 Carya illinoinensis Species 0.000 title 1
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- 229910052567 struvite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 244000068645 Carya illinoensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 65
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
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- LEZAYTDLNNEFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracosasodium octaborate tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] LEZAYTDLNNEFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
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- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/48—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure containing foam or presenting a foam structure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic planting soil and application thereof in pecan planting, wherein the organic planting soil is prepared by the following method: adding the sludge and polyacrylamide into an aerobic fermentation reaction device for fermentation treatment to obtain pretreated sludge; mixing the pretreated sludge, loose soil and functional struvite to obtain coarse mixed soil; uniformly mixing coarse mixed soil, soybean meal, coconut chaff, trace elements, plant ash, calcium superphosphate and bacillus subtilis, and performing aerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation material; adding the fermentation material, the foaming agent and the curing agent into a foaming machine for reaction to obtain a foaming matrix; and (3) crushing and sieving the foaming matrix, and then adding the microbial agent or the microencapsulated microbial agent for uniform mixing to obtain the organic planting soil. The organic planting soil has the advantages of ventilation, loosening, fertility and the like, can provide nutrient substances required by plant growth in time, and promotes plant growth and yield increase.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to organic planting soil and application thereof in pecan planting.
Background
The organic agriculture is to coordinate the balance of the planting industry and the breeding industry according to natural laws and ecological principles, adopt sustainable agricultural technology to maintain a continuous and stable agricultural production system, and does not use chemical synthesis pesticides, fertilizers, growth regulators and the like in planting. However, in the early stage of organic planting, there is always unbalanced soil nutrient supply, and the transition from a conventional planting system to an organic planting system caused by mismatching with the needs of crops is that the crop yield is lower than that of conventional planting, so that according to the nutrition needs of crops, it is crucial to balance the soil nutrient supply and timely supplement nutrients and nutrient elements to realize coordination of the nutrient supply and the plant growth needs.
Chinese patent CN108409449a discloses an organic planting soil, and preparation method and application thereof, comprising the following components: the organic planting soil has the water elasticity capacity of absorbing water, storing water, permeating water, purifying water and the like. Chinese patent CN102643147a discloses a regenerated organic planting soil and its preparation method, comprising the following components: beer lees, dried branches and leaves, enteromorpha, animal manure and construction waste spoil are obtained by crushing, weighing and metering, fermenting, assaying, packaging and putting into a finished product warehouse, wherein the construction waste spoil comprises clay and sandy soil; the organic planting soil of the invention can recycle the construction waste, thereby solving the problems of land occupation, environmental pollution and the like. The organic planting soil provided by the invention has the advantages of good water storage and ventilation of soil, strong nutrient component retention capacity and hardening resistance, and capability of stably providing the soil as yield.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides organic planting soil and application thereof in pecan planting.
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 350-500 parts of sludge with the water content of 70-90 wt% and 1-3 parts of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system to be 100-300L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to be directional stirring for 15-20 minutes every 4-6 hours, carrying out fermentation treatment, and carrying out dynamic aerobic fermentation for 8-10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and struvite or functional struvite according to the mass ratio of (80-90): (15-20): (8-13) to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100-120 parts of coarse mixed soil, 5-8 parts of bean pulp, 4-7 parts of coconut husk, 2-4 parts of trace elements, 3-6 parts of plant ash, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 1-3 parts of bacillus subtilis according to the mass part, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at the temperature of 35-38 ℃ for 30-48 hours to obtain a fermentation material; 100 to 120 parts of the fermentation material is crushed and sieved by a 20-mesh sieve, and then 0.5 to 2.5 parts of microbial agent or microencapsulated microbial agent is added and mixed uniformly to obtain the organic planting soil.
The main components of the organic planting soil are pretreated sludge and loose needle soil, and the organic planting soil is prepared by mixed fermentation of functional struvite, wherein the clay component in the sludge is beneficial to the growth of pecans, and in addition, the sludge contains rich nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, and the fertilizer efficiency of the organic planting soil is even better than that of farmyard manure such as cow dung. However, 90% of nitrogen element in the sludge exists in organic matters and is difficult to be directly utilized by plants, and the mixed fermentation can promote the decomposition and conversion of the organic matters, directly or indirectly provide various nutrient substances for crops and promote and regulate the growth of the crops; the pine needle soil is added for co-fermentation, so that the permeability and the permeability of the soil can be greatly improved, the soil ponding can be prevented, various microelements such as potassium, magnesium, phosphorus and the like can be endowed to the organic planting soil, and in addition, the pine needle soil can resist pests without additionally applying pesticides.
Preferably, the preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 350-500 parts of sludge with the water content of 70-90 wt% and 1-3 parts of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system to be 100-300L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to be directional stirring for 15-20 minutes every 4-6 hours, carrying out fermentation treatment, and carrying out dynamic aerobic fermentation for 8-10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and struvite or functional struvite according to the mass ratio of (80-90): (15-20): (8-13) to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100-120 parts of coarse mixed soil, 5-8 parts of bean pulp, 4-7 parts of coconut husk, 2-4 parts of trace elements, 3-6 parts of plant ash, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 1-3 parts of bacillus subtilis according to the mass part, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at the temperature of 35-38 ℃ for 30-48 hours to obtain a fermentation material;
and S3, adding 100-120 parts by mass of the fermentation material obtained in the step S2, 6-9 parts by mass of the foaming agent and 4-7 parts by mass of the curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ and the speed of 100-200 r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving the foaming matrix by a 20-40-mesh sieve, and adding 0.5-2.5 parts by mass of the microbial agent or the microencapsulated microbial agent to uniformly mix to obtain the organic seed soil.
The preparation method of the microencapsulated microbial agent comprises the following steps:
adding 3-5 parts of sodium alginate and 5-8 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid into 30-50 parts of water according to parts by mass, and stirring for 10-30 min at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100-300 r/min; then adding 4-6 parts of microbial agent and continuously stirring for 10-20 min; adding 20-30 parts of 3-5 wt% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose water solution, and continuously stirring for 10-20 min; finally, the mixture is put into a high shear homogenizing condition of 8000-10000 r/min for emulsification for 2-5 min; and after the completion, spray drying to obtain the microencapsulated microbial agent.
The microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus megatherium bacterial liquid and nitrifying bacillus vickers bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of (1-3) to (1-2). Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture and fermentation; the bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 10 8 ～10 10 cfu/g, nitrobacter vickers bacteria liquid 10 7 ～10 9 cfu/g。
According to the invention, sodium alginate, gamma-polyglutamic acid and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose are taken as raw materials to embed the microbial agent through a microencapsulation method, so that microorganisms can be prevented from being damaged by mechanical processing on one hand, and on the other hand, the microorganisms can survive in a high-nutrient environment in which organic planting soil and an organic biological compound fertilizer are used simultaneously, slow release of the microbial agent is realized, and long-acting action of the microbial agent in soil is ensured.
The microelements are formed by mixing (1-3): (1-2): (0.8-2) by mass ratio of (1-3) by citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, tetrahydrate sodium octaborate and heptahydrate ferrous sulfate.
The foaming agent is at least one of calcium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate; preferably, the foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is at least one of bentonite, metakaolin, active calcium oxide and attapulgite; preferably, the curing agent is bentonite.
The fermented material is subjected to foaming treatment to obtain organic planting soil, and holes which are uniformly distributed and mutually communicated can be formed in the organic planting soil, so that on one hand, the organic planting soil obtained by foaming can endow fertilizer with larger specific surface area, enlarge a gas-liquid exchange channel and have good air permeability and water retention; on the other hand, the organic planting soil with larger specific surface area can provide possibility for the plant root system to fully absorb the fermented organic fertilizer and fully utilize the fermented fertilizer.
The functional struvite plays a role of a reinforcing agent in the foaming treatment process of the fermentation material, can ensure the stability of an organic planting soil structure, and is an excellent nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and a good slow-release fertilizer.
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
the struvite is crushed and sieved by a 150-200 mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, 10-13 parts of struvite powder and 3-5 parts of organic acid are added into 50-60 parts of water according to parts by mass, the mixture is stirred for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100-200 r/min, the mixture is filtered to obtain a filter cake, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ to obtain the functional struvite.
The organic acid is at least one of fulvic acid, bamboo vinegar, humic acid, succinic acid, citric acid and oxalic acid; preferably, the organic acid is formed by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar according to the mass ratio of 1 (2-3.5).
The activated struvite is obtained by treating struvite with organic acid, the surface of the activated struvite is provided with rich active groups, and the active groups can complex or chelate various microelements such as calcium, magnesium and the like in soil, so that the functional struvite is used as a carrier, and meanwhile, the absorption and conversion of plant root systems to microelements and phosphorus are coordinated and promoted, the chemical inactivation of the microelements and the effective phosphorus in the soil is avoided, and the active balance effect is played, so that the utilization rate of the microelements and the effective phosphorus in the soil is improved.
The fulvic acid in the organic acid is an organic substance with colloid property, has an agglutination effect, can promote soil granulation for a long time, improves the permeability of soil, and enhances the water retention of organic planting soil; the bamboo vinegar in the organic acid has a disinfection effect on soil, and simultaneously promotes the propagation of microorganisms in the soil, so that fermentation is promoted, organic nitrogen in the organic planting soil is converted into nitrate or nitrite in the microbial fermentation process, the nitrate or nitrite can be quickly absorbed by plants, in addition, insoluble minerals in struvite can be promoted to be converted into mineral elements absorbable by plants by microbial fermentation, and the large specific surface area and rich cross-linked pore diameter of the organic planting soil provide sufficient activity space for the activities of microorganisms. The functional struvite is uniformly distributed in the organic planting soil, can continuously and effectively play a role in regulating plant growth, and avoids the phenomenon of years caused by uneven nutrition.
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) The struvite is crushed and sieved by a sieve with 150-200 meshes to obtain struvite powder, 100-120 parts of struvite powder and 8-15 parts of organic acid are added into 50-60 parts of water according to parts by mass, the mixture is stirred for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100-200 r/min, the mixture is filtered to obtain a filter cake, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ to obtain activated struvite.
2) Adding 80-100 parts by mass of activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5-8 parts by mass of functional agent into 150-200 parts by mass of water, performing ultrasonic reaction for 1-2 hours at the frequency of 200-300W and 20-25 kHz, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and vacuum drying the filter cake at 70-80 ℃ for 8-10 hours to obtain the functional struvite.
The functional agent is at least one of moringa extract, straw polysaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide and enteromorpha polysaccharide; preferably, the functional agent is prepared by mixing moringa extract and enteromorpha polysaccharide according to a mass ratio of 1 (1.8-2.5).
The activated struvite surface has rich active groups, provides grafting site grafting functional agent, and obtains functional struvite which is evenly distributed in organic planting soil, slowly releases mineral substances and effective functional components, and maintains the nutrient components and the content of functional substances of the organic planting soil. The functional agent and the activated struvite undergo a grafting reaction to obtain the functional struvite, so that the growth of the pecan can be regulated, the supply-demand balance relation of the organic soil for nutrient components and the full absorption of plants is formed, and the root growth of the pecan, the plant photosynthesis and the effective utilization of trace element absorption fertilizers are promoted.
The moringa polysaccharide in the moringa extract in the functional agent has the effect of biological enrichment, can increase the content of organic matters such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like in soil, can ensure the requirement on the nutrient components of the soil in the early period of the pecan setting value, enhances the stress resistance of crops and promotes the early ripening of the crops; the enteromorpha polysaccharide contains various natural plant growth regulators, various mineral substances and rich nutrients, has higher biological activity, can stimulate the generation of specific active factors in the pecan bodies, promotes the absorption and growth of the plants on the nutrients, and can continuously promote the growth of pecan plants by the combined action of the moringa extract and the enteromorpha polysaccharide, thereby remarkably improving the average yield of each plant.
The pecan planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting value in 11 months, selecting land with deep and loose soil layer, sufficient water source and leeward and sunny land for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is (3-4) x (5-6) m, the diameter of the planting hole is required to be 1.0-1.2 m, the depth is 1.1-1.3 m, firstly paving corncob powder with the thickness of 10-20 cm at the pit bottom, and covering the organic planting soil until the total thickness is 30-50 cm;
(2) Respectively placing young pecan plants and young pecan pollinators, uniformly stirring 2-5 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 8-10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly spreading the organic planting soil in a fixed planting hole, and filling up the soil with the organic planting soil, wherein the ratio of the number of the young pecan plants to the number of the young pecan plants is 1 (8-10);
(3) After planting, each plant is dressed with 5-8 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer in 3 months and 7 months each year, and the water content of the soil is kept at 40-45 wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: crushing corncob, and sieving with a 40-60 mesh sieve to obtain corncob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is formed by mixing (8-10)/(5-8)/(1-3)/(0.5-2) by mass ratio of cow dung, pig dung, urea and monopotassium phosphate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the organic planting soil has the advantages of ventilation, loosening, fertility and the like, can provide nutrient substances required by plant growth in time, and promotes plant growth and yield increase. The organic soil nutrient supply and demand balance relation of full absorption of organic soil nutrient supply components and plants is formed by adopting pretreatment sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite for mixed fermentation and foaming; the granular structure can wrap plant capillary roots, and meanwhile, the organic planting soil contains microbial agents or microencapsulated microbial agents, so that hardening of the organic planting soil is avoided, and soil activity is guaranteed. The organic planting soil is applied to the cultivation method of the pecans, so that not only can the needed nutrient substances be provided in the growing period of the pecans, but also the organic matters and mineral matters can be decomposed through the biological activities of microorganisms to release the nutrient substances, thereby fundamentally improving the soil fertility effect, promoting the growth of the pecans, improving the fruiting rate and avoiding the years.
Detailed Description
The raw materials used in the examples are as follows:
polyacrylamide, cat No.: LCXA-80, purchased from Hebei company, environmental protection technology Co.
Sludge is taken from the local river of the Anhui's combined fertilizer, the feijia and the town.
Loosening the needle soil and branding: ly purchased from the mineral processing plant of the thundercloud in the smart county.
Struvite, cat No.: 01 purchased from zheng state lishengyuan chemical products limited.
Bacillus subtilis, bacillus subtilis, accession number: ACCC 60429, purchased from the chinese agricultural microbiological bacterial collection center.
Fulvic acid, cat No.: SXMN-LZ002, purchased from Shaanxi bath Biotech Inc.
Bamboo vinegar, organic component acetic acid content: more than or equal to 10 percent, and is purchased from Ji nan Xin national road chemical industry Co.
EDTA chelated manganese, no.: 902231, WUHANBORUN technology Co.
Moringa extract, cat No.: BJN802730 with content not less than 98% and Western An Bei Jinuo Biotechnology Co., ltd.
The content of enteromorpha polysaccharide is more than or equal to 30 percent, and Ningxia vanilla biotechnology limited company.
Bacillus megaterium, numbering: CICC 10024, purchased from China industry microbiological culture Collection center.
Nitrifying bacteria, nitrobacter winogradskyi Winslow et al, numbering: ATCC-25391, purchased from China industry microbiological culture Collection center.
Young plant of pecan fruit, variety: boni, purchased from Donglin, luoning county.
The pecan pollinating tree is of the variety: boc, purchased from Donglin, luoning county, inc.
Gamma-polyglutamic acid, model: a-03, purchased from Western Ann display technology Co., ltd.
Sodium alginate, cargo number: 0924 purchased from henna biotechnology limited.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, cat: HPMC purchased from hangzhou kota biotechnology limited.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts of sludge with the water content of 80wt% and 1 part of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system to be 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to be directional stirring for 20 minutes every 6 hours, carrying out fermentation treatment, and carrying out dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and performing aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermentation material; 100 parts of the fermentation material is crushed and sieved by a 20-mesh sieve, and then 1.5 parts of microbial agent is added for uniform mixing, thus obtaining the organic planting soil.
The trace elements are prepared by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, tetrahydrate sodium octaborate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1:0.8.
The microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus megatherium bacterial liquid and nitrifying bacillus vickers bacterial liquid according to a mass ratio of 2:1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture and fermentation; huge (huge)The bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 10 10 cfu/g, nitrobacter vickers bacteria liquid 10 9 cfu/g。
The pecan planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting value in 11 months, selecting land with deep and loose soil layer, sufficient water source and leeward and sunny sides for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 m multiplied by 5m, the diameter of the planting hole is required to be 1.0 m, the depth is 1.2 m, firstly paving corncob powder with the thickness of 10cm at the pit bottom, and covering the organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40cm;
(2) Respectively placing young plants of the pecans and pollinators of the pecans, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly spreading the organic biological compound fertilizer and the organic planting soil in a field planting hole, and filling up the soil with the organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the pollinators of the pecans to the young plants of the pecans is 1:10;
(3) After planting, each plant of the plant is dressed with 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer in March and the last ten days of July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corncob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corncob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1:0.5.
Example 1
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts of sludge with the water content of 80wt% and 1 part of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system to be 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to be directional stirring for 20 minutes every 6 hours, carrying out fermentation treatment, and carrying out dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing pretreated sludge, loose soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and performing aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermentation material; 100 parts of the fermentation material is crushed and sieved by a 20-mesh sieve, and then 1.5 parts of microbial agent is added for uniform mixing, thus obtaining the organic planting soil.
The trace elements are prepared by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, tetrahydrate sodium octaborate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1:0.8.
The microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus megatherium bacterial liquid and nitrifying bacillus vickers bacterial liquid according to a mass ratio of 2:1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture and fermentation; the bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 10 10 cfu/g, nitrobacter vickers bacteria liquid 10 9 cfu/g。
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
the struvite is crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid are added into 60 parts of water according to parts by mass, the mixture is stirred for 4 hours at 45 ℃ and a rotating speed of 200r/min, then the mixture is filtered to obtain a filter cake, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum for 10 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain the functional struvite.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar according to a mass ratio of 1:3.
The pecan planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting value in 11 months, selecting land with deep and loose soil layer, sufficient water source and leeward and sunny sides for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 m multiplied by 5m, the diameter of the planting hole is required to be 1.0 m, the depth is 1.2 m, firstly paving corncob powder with the thickness of 10cm at the pit bottom, and covering the organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40cm;
(2) Respectively placing young plants of the pecans and pollinators of the pecans, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly spreading the organic biological compound fertilizer and the organic planting soil in a field planting hole, and filling up the soil with the organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the pollinators of the pecans to the young plants of the pecans is 1:10;
(3) After planting, each plant of the plant is dressed with 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer in March and the last ten days of July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corncob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corncob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1:0.5.
Example 2
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts of sludge with the water content of 80wt% and 1 part of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system to be 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to be directional stirring for 20 minutes every 6 hours, carrying out fermentation treatment, and carrying out dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing pretreated sludge, loose soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and performing aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermentation material;
s3: and (2) adding 100 parts of the fermentation material obtained in the step (S2), 6 parts of the foaming agent and 4 parts of the curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 2 hours at 40 ℃ and 200r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving the foaming matrix with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 1.5 parts of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is bentonite.
The trace elements are prepared by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, tetrahydrate sodium octaborate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1:0.8.
The microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus megatherium bacterial liquid and nitrifying bacillus vickers bacterial liquid according to a mass ratio of 2:1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture and fermentation; the bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 10 10 cfu/g, nitrobacter vickers bacteria liquid 10 9 cfu/g。
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
the struvite is crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid are added into 60 parts of water according to parts by mass, the mixture is stirred for 4 hours at 45 ℃ and a rotating speed of 200r/min, then the mixture is filtered to obtain a filter cake, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum for 10 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain the functional struvite.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar according to a mass ratio of 1:3.
The pecan planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting value in 11 months, selecting land with deep and loose soil layer, sufficient water source and leeward and sunny sides for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 m multiplied by 5m, the diameter of the planting hole is required to be 1.0 m, the depth is 1.2 m, firstly paving corncob powder with the thickness of 10cm at the pit bottom, and covering the organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40cm;
(2) Respectively placing young plants of the pecans and pollinators of the pecans, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly spreading the organic biological compound fertilizer and the organic planting soil in a field planting hole, and filling up the soil with the organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the pollinators of the pecans to the young plants of the pecans is 1:10;
(3) After planting, each plant of the plant is dressed with 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer in March and the last ten days of July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corncob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corncob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1:0.5.
Example 3
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts of sludge with the water content of 80wt% and 1 part of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system to be 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to be directional stirring for 20 minutes every 6 hours, carrying out fermentation treatment, and carrying out dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing pretreated sludge, loose soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and performing aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermentation material;
s3: and (2) adding 100 parts of the fermentation material obtained in the step (S2), 6 parts of the foaming agent and 4 parts of the curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 2 hours at 40 ℃ and 200r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving the foaming matrix with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 1.5 parts of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is bentonite.
The trace elements are prepared by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, tetrahydrate sodium octaborate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1:0.8.
The microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus megatherium bacterial liquid and nitrifying bacillus vickers bacterial liquid according to a mass ratio of 2:1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture and fermentation; the bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 10 10 cfu/g, nitrobacter vickers bacteria liquid 10 9 cfu/g。
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) The struvite is crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid are added into 60 parts of water according to parts by mass, the mixture is stirred for 4 hours at 45 ℃ and a rotating speed of 200r/min, then the mixture is filtered to obtain a filter cake, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum for 10 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain activated struvite.
2) According to the mass parts, 80 parts of activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5 parts of functional agent are added into 200 parts of water, ultrasonic reaction is carried out for 1h at the frequency of 200W and 25kHz, filtration is carried out, a filter cake is obtained, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum at 80 ℃ for 10h, so that the functional struvite is obtained.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar according to a mass ratio of 1:3.
The functional agent is Moringa oleifera extract.
The pecan planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting value in 11 months, selecting land with deep and loose soil layer, sufficient water source and leeward and sunny sides for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 m multiplied by 5m, the diameter of the planting hole is required to be 1.0 m, the depth is 1.2 m, firstly paving corncob powder with the thickness of 10cm at the pit bottom, and covering the organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40cm;
(2) Respectively placing young plants of the pecans and pollinators of the pecans, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly spreading the organic biological compound fertilizer and the organic planting soil in a field planting hole, and filling up the soil with the organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the pollinators of the pecans to the young plants of the pecans is 1:10;
(3) After planting, each plant of the plant is dressed with 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer in March and the last ten days of July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corncob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corncob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1:0.5.
Example 4
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts of sludge with the water content of 80wt% and 1 part of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system to be 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to be directional stirring for 20 minutes every 6 hours, carrying out fermentation treatment, and carrying out dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing pretreated sludge, loose soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and performing aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermentation material;
s3: and (2) adding 100 parts of the fermentation material obtained in the step (S2), 6 parts of the foaming agent and 4 parts of the curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 2 hours at 40 ℃ and 200r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving the foaming matrix with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 1.5 parts of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is bentonite.
The trace elements are prepared by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, tetrahydrate sodium octaborate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1:0.8.
The microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus megatherium bacterial liquid and nitrifying bacillus vickers bacterial liquid according to a mass ratio of 2:1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture and fermentation; the bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 10 10 cfu/g, nitrobacter vickers bacteria liquid 10 9 cfu/g。
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) The struvite is crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid are added into 60 parts of water according to parts by mass, the mixture is stirred for 4 hours at 45 ℃ and a rotating speed of 200r/min, then the mixture is filtered to obtain a filter cake, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum for 10 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain activated struvite.
2) Adding 80 parts of activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5 parts of functional agent into 200 parts of water according to parts by mass, performing ultrasonic reaction for 1h at a frequency of 200W and 25kHz, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and vacuum drying the filter cake at 80 ℃ for 10h to obtain the functional struvite.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar according to a mass ratio of 1:3.
The functional agent is enteromorpha polysaccharide.
The pecan planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting value in 11 months, selecting land with deep and loose soil layer, sufficient water source and leeward and sunny sides for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 m multiplied by 5m, the diameter of the planting hole is required to be 1.0 m, the depth is 1.2 m, firstly paving corncob powder with the thickness of 10cm at the pit bottom, and covering the organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40cm;
(2) Respectively placing young plants of the pecans and pollinators of the pecans, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly spreading the organic biological compound fertilizer and the organic planting soil in a field planting hole, and filling up the soil with the organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the pollinators of the pecans to the young plants of the pecans is 1:10;
(3) After planting, each plant of the plant is dressed with 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer in March and the last ten days of July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corncob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corncob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1:0.5.
Example 5
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts of sludge with the water content of 80wt% and 1 part of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system to be 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to be directional stirring for 20 minutes every 6 hours, carrying out fermentation treatment, and carrying out dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing pretreated sludge, loose soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and performing aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermentation material;
s3: and (2) adding 100 parts of the fermentation material obtained in the step (S2), 6 parts of the foaming agent and 4 parts of the curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 2 hours at 40 ℃ and 200r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving the foaming matrix with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 1.5 parts of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is bentonite.
The trace elements are prepared by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, tetrahydrate sodium octaborate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1:0.8.
The microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus megatherium bacterial liquid and nitrifying bacillus vickers bacterial liquid according to a mass ratio of 2:1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture and fermentation; the bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 10 10 cfu/g, nitrobacter vickers bacteria liquid 10 9 cfu/g。
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) The struvite is crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid are added into 60 parts of water according to parts by mass, the mixture is stirred for 4 hours at 45 ℃ and a rotating speed of 200r/min, then the mixture is filtered to obtain a filter cake, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum for 10 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain activated struvite.
2) According to the mass parts, 80 parts of activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5 parts of functional agent are added into 200 parts of water, ultrasonic reaction is carried out for 1h at the frequency of 200W and 25kHz, filtration is carried out, a filter cake is obtained, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum at 80 ℃ for 10h, so that the functional struvite is obtained.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar according to a mass ratio of 1:3.
The functional agent is prepared by mixing moringa extract and enteromorpha polysaccharide according to a mass ratio of 1:2.
The pecan planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting value in 11 months, selecting land with deep and loose soil layer, sufficient water source and leeward and sunny sides for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 m multiplied by 5m, the diameter of the planting hole is required to be 1.0 m, the depth is 1.2 m, firstly paving corncob powder with the thickness of 10cm at the pit bottom, and covering the organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40cm;
(2) Respectively placing young pecan plants and young pecan pollinators, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly spreading the organic planting soil in a field planting hole, and filling up the soil with the organic planting soil, wherein the ratio of the young pecan plants to plant the trees is 1:10;
(3) After planting, each plant of the plant is dressed with 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer in March and the last ten days of July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corncob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corncob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1:0.5.
Example 6
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts of sludge with the water content of 80wt% and 1 part of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system to be 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to be directional stirring for 20 minutes every 6 hours, carrying out fermentation treatment, and carrying out dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing pretreated sludge, loose soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and performing aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermentation material;
s3: and (2) adding 100 parts of the fermentation material obtained in the step (S2), 6 parts of the foaming agent and 4 parts of the curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 2 hours at 40 ℃ and 200r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving the foaming matrix by a 20-mesh sieve, and adding 1.5 parts of the microencapsulated microbial agent to uniformly mix to obtain the organic planting soil.
The foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is bentonite.
The trace elements are prepared by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, tetrahydrate sodium octaborate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1:0.8.
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) The struvite is crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid are added into 60 parts of water according to parts by mass, the mixture is stirred for 4 hours at 45 ℃ and a rotating speed of 200r/min, then the mixture is filtered to obtain a filter cake, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum for 10 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain activated struvite.
2) According to the mass parts, 80 parts of activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5 parts of functional agent are added into 200 parts of water, ultrasonic reaction is carried out for 1h at the frequency of 200W and 25kHz, filtration is carried out, a filter cake is obtained, and the filter cake is dried in vacuum at 80 ℃ for 10h, so that the functional struvite is obtained.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar according to a mass ratio of 1:3.
The functional agent is prepared by mixing moringa extract and enteromorpha polysaccharide according to a mass ratio of 1:2.
The preparation method of the microencapsulated microbial agent comprises the following steps:
adding 3 parts of sodium alginate and 6 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid into 40 parts of water according to parts by mass, and stirring for 20min at 35 ℃ and a rotating speed of 300 r/min; then adding 5 parts of microbial agent and continuously stirring for 15min; then 20 parts of 5wt% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution is added and stirring is continued for 15min; finally, emulsifying for 3min under 8000r/min high shear homogenizing condition; and after the completion, spray drying to obtain the microencapsulated microbial agent.
The microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus megatherium bacterial liquid and nitrifying bacillus vickers bacterial liquid according to a mass ratio of 2:1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture and fermentation; the bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 10 10 cfu/g, nitrobacter vickers bacteria liquid 10 9 cfu/g。
The pecan planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting value in 11 months, selecting land with deep and loose soil layer, sufficient water source and leeward and sunny sides for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 m multiplied by 5m, the diameter of the planting hole is required to be 1.0 m, the depth is 1.2 m, firstly paving corncob powder with the thickness of 10cm at the pit bottom, and covering the organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40cm;
(2) Respectively placing young pecan plants and young pecan pollinators, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly spreading the organic planting soil in a field planting hole, and filling up the soil with the organic planting soil, wherein the ratio of the young pecan plants to plant the trees is 1:10;
(3) After planting, each plant of the plant is dressed with 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer in March and the last ten days of July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corncob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corncob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1:0.5.
Example 6 the cultivation of pecans yields from a third to a fifth year, wherein the average yield per plant in the third year is 0.790kg, the average yield per plant in the fourth year is 1.612kg, and the average yield per plant in the fifth year is 3.037kg.
Test example 1
The initial soil after planting the pecan fruits and the soil after planting for 1 year in the examples and the comparative examples were sampled, and the effective phosphorus, the effective potassium and the nitrate nitrogen in the soil were tested by the following test methods:
determination of soil available phosphorus and available potassium: the soil available phosphorus is measured by adopting a molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method; soil effective potassium was measured using an ammonium acetate leach-flame photometry method, with reference to soil agrochemistry analysis (Bao Shidan, 2008).
And (3) testing the content of nitrate nitrogen in soil, wherein an Shimadzu UV-2550 ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer is adopted according to DB 12/T512-2014 'method for measuring nitrate nitrogen in soil samples'.
Table 1: initial soil available phosphorus, available potassium and nitrate nitrogen content table
Table 2: table of soil available phosphorus, available potassium and nitrate nitrogen content after 1 year of planting
| Effective phosphorus mg.kg -1 | Effective potassium mg.kg -1 | Nitrate nitrogen mg.kg -1 | |
| Example 1 | 67.34 | 391.87 | 149.56 |
| Example 2 | 76.20 | 412.35 | 157.21. |
| Example 3 | 83.65 | 428.64 | 165.34 |
| Example 4 | 85.25 | 437.28 | 168.91 |
| Example 5 | 90.79 | 455.12 | 172.65 |
| Comparative example 1 | 44.16 | 376.04 | 121.36 |
As can be seen from the table, compared with comparative example 1, in example 1, functional struvite is added, the functional struvite is obtained by treating struvite with organic acid, and the functional struvite is an excellent nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and has good slow release effect, and the retention rate of available phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen in soil after one year of planting is higher; the organic planting soil in the embodiment 2 is obtained by foaming, and the soil is loose and porous, has good air permeability and water retention property, and prevents loss of available nutrients; in the embodiment 3, functional struvite is added, and the activated struvite is grafted by moringa oleifera extract, so that the content of organic matters such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like in soil can be increased; in the embodiment 4, functional struvite is added, activated struvite is grafted by enteromorpha polysaccharide, and the activated struvite is rich in various mineral substances such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and the like; in the embodiment 5, functional struvite is added, and the activated struvite is grafted by moringa extract and enteromorpha polysaccharide, so that the effective components in the soil are obviously increased, and the nutrient substances in the soil are kept at high level continuously.
Test example 2
The fruits are harvested and weighed after the ripening of the pecans in the third year, the fourth year and the fifth year after the pecans are planted in the examples and the comparative examples.
Table 3: crop harvest scale for the third year
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Table 4: fourth year crop harvest scale
| Average yield per plant (kg) | Average single fruit weight (g) | |
| Example 1 | 1.253 | 7.87 |
| Example 2 | 1.313 | 8.10 |
| Example 3 | 1.392 | 8.22 |
| Example 4 | 1.427 | 8.25 |
| Example 5 | 1.565 | 8.32 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.181 | 7.61 |
Table 5: fifth year crop harvest scale
| Average yield per plant (kg) | Average single fruit weight (g) | |
| Example 1 | 2.133 | 7.93 |
| Example 2 | 2.479 | 8.16 |
| Example 3 | 2.750 | 8.28 |
| Example 4 | 2.836 | 8.31 |
| Example 5 | 2.986 | 8.36 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.632 | 7.63 |
The table shows that the yield of the pecans is relatively small in the third year after the planting, the yield of the pecans is obviously increased in the fourth year and the fifth year, and the pecans are not obvious in the size year, so that the pecans can provide sufficient nutrition for the growth of fruit trees due to the fact that the organic planting soil is beneficial to the fact that the pecans have strong growth capacity. The pretreated sludge, pine needles and functional struvite are mixed, fermented and foamed, so that organic matters are decomposed and converted, various nutrient substances are directly or indirectly provided for crops, the growth of the crops is promoted and regulated, the permeability and the permeability of soil are improved, and various microelements such as potassium, magnesium, phosphorus and the like can be endowed to the organic planting soil. The combined action of the moringa extract and the enteromorpha polysaccharide can promote the growth of pecan plants, and remarkably improve the average yield of each plant. The organic planting soil in the example 5 is adopted to plant the pecans, so that the root system of the fruit trees is developed, the fruiting amount is high, and the average single fruit weight is high.
Claims (5)
1. The organic planting soil is characterized by being prepared by the following steps:
s1, adding 350-500 parts of sludge and 1-3 parts of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device according to parts by mass for fermentation treatment for 8-10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2, uniformly mixing the pretreated sludge, the loose soil and the struvite or the functional struvite according to the mass ratio of (80-90): (15-20): (8-13) to obtain coarse mixed soil, and uniformly mixing 100-120 parts of coarse mixed soil, 5-8 parts of soybean meal, 4-7 parts of coconut husk, 2-4 parts of trace elements, 3-6 parts of plant ash, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 1-3 parts of bacillus subtilis according to the mass ratio, and carrying out aerobic fermentation for 30-48 hours at the temperature of 35-38 ℃ to obtain a fermentation material;
s3, adding 100-120 parts by mass of the fermentation material obtained in the step S2, 6-9 parts by mass of the foaming agent and 4-7 parts by mass of the curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ and the speed of 100-200 r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing and sieving the foaming matrix, and adding 0.5-2.5 parts by mass of microbial agent or microencapsulated microbial agent to uniformly mix to obtain the organic planting soil;
the preparation method of the microencapsulated microbial agent comprises the following steps:
adding 3-5 parts of sodium alginate and 5-8 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid into 30-50 parts of water according to parts by mass, and stirring for 10-30 min at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100-300 r/min; then adding 4-6 parts of microbial agent and continuously stirring for 10-20 min; adding 20-30 parts of 3-5 wt% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose water solution, and continuously stirring for 10-20 min; finally, the mixture is put into a high shear homogenizing condition of 8000-10000 r/min for emulsification for 2-5 min; spray drying after finishing to obtain the microencapsulated microbial agent;
the microbial agent is formed by mixing bacillus megatherium bacterial liquid and nitrifying bacillus vickers bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of (1-3) (1-2);
the preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) Pulverizing struvite, sieving with a 150-200 mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, adding 100-120 parts of struvite powder and 8-15 parts of organic acid into 50-60 parts of water according to parts by mass, stirring for 4-6 hours at 35-45 ℃ and a rotating speed of 100-200 r/min, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and vacuum drying the filter cake at 70-80 ℃ for 8-10 hours to obtain activated struvite;
2) Adding 80-100 parts by mass of activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5-8 parts by mass of functional agent into 150-200 parts by mass of water, performing ultrasonic reaction for 1-2 hours at the frequency of 200-300W and 20-25 kHz, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and vacuum drying the filter cake at 70-80 ℃ for 8-10 hours to obtain the functional struvite;
the functional agent is at least one of moringa extract, straw polysaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide and enteromorpha polysaccharide.
2. The organic planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid is at least one of fulvic acid, bamboo vinegar, humic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, and oxalic acid.
3. The organic plant soil according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is at least one of calcium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate; the curing agent is at least one of bentonite, metakaolin, activated calcium oxide and attapulgite.
4. The organic planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the microelements are formed by mixing (1-3): (1-2): (0.8-2) by mass ratio of (1-3) citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, tetrahydrate sodium octaborate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate.
5. Use of the organic planting soil of any one of claims 1-4 in pecan planting.
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