CN106701095A - Soil conditioner and application thereof in desertification control - Google Patents
Soil conditioner and application thereof in desertification control Download PDFInfo
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- CN106701095A CN106701095A CN201611149870.0A CN201611149870A CN106701095A CN 106701095 A CN106701095 A CN 106701095A CN 201611149870 A CN201611149870 A CN 201611149870A CN 106701095 A CN106701095 A CN 106701095A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Abstract
The invention relates to a soil conditioner suitable for desertification control and application thereof in desertification control. The soil conditioner is combination of multiple raw materials, including volcanic ash, gamma-polyglutamic acid hydrogel and biofloc, wherein the biofloc comprises rotten straw powder, a first microbial inoculant, nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria; the first microbial inoculant comprises Bacillus subtilis and selective actinomycetes; the first microbial inoculant accounts for 5-25 wt% of the rotten straw powder; and the amount of nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria is greater than or equal to 80ml/kg rotten straw powder. The soil conditioner has excellent moisture retention and water storage effects, is capable of enhancing the organic matter content in soil, regulating the pH value of the soil and promoting the release of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and creates a favorable soil physical and nutritional environment for plant growth. Meanwhile, the conditioner has the advantages of simple formula, simple preparation process and lower cost.
Description
Technical field
Application the present invention relates to a kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof and in control of desert.
Background technology
At present, desert control method is mainly the plantation ecological forest and carrys out sand control, but by desert area edaphic condition is limited, use
Water is big and planting effect of vegetation is poor, therefore, the method and desert soil of improving desert soil earth are capable of in the urgent need to developing
Implantation methods.Improving desert soil earth has to solve that the evaporation of soil reclaimed water seepage is fast, lack organic matter in soil and fertility is asked
Topic, it is the situation that bulk structure is not gathered to change soil.
It is existing desert soil is improved used by soil conditioner mainly organic fertilizer directly apply or peat soil
Directly apply, improved effect is not good.Chinese invention patent application CN104910921A discloses a kind of modifying agent of prone soil,
Its mass parts composition is as follows：Organic fermentate 50-80 parts, humic acid in peat 12-18 parts, 10-18 parts of sucrose sugar residue, pH buffer
0.06-0.18 parts, soil sterilants 0.18-0.48 parts, diatomite 5-8 parts, water-loss reducer 0.2-1.6 parts.Further, it is described to have
Machine fermentate be rapeseed dregs, wheat bran, mushroom bacteria residue, ganoderma lucidum bacteria residue, Green maize stalk, lotus leaf through natural stacking fermentation obtain, its
Middle rapeseed dregs, wheat bran, mushroom bacteria residue, ganoderma lucidum bacteria residue, Green maize stalk, the mass ratio of lotus leaf are 10:8:1:1.1:20:6, it is described
Water-loss reducer uses zeolite type water-loss reducer.Although the modifying agent increased water conservation to the improved effect in soil and imitates compared to traditional fertilization
Really, but Water-saving effect is still undesirable, be unsuitable for desert area, additionally, the improvement agent prescription and preparation technology are complex,
Relatively costly, for example wherein organic fermentate needs 6 kinds of materials to ferment according to a certain percentage to obtain, and also needs to addition in addition
PH buffer and soil sterilants etc..
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind has excellent water conservation, storage
Water effect and soil fertility can be effectively increased, the gas permeability of soil be improved, beneficial to the soil conditioner of plant growth.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of soil conditioner of the present invention and its application in control of desert simultaneously.
To solve above technical problem, a kind of technical scheme that the present invention is used is as follows：
A kind of to be suitable to the soil conditioner of control of desert, it is the combination of plurality of raw materials, the raw material include volcanic ash,
Gamma-polyglutamic acid glue (γ-PGA glues) and biological flocculation, wherein biological flocculation include become thoroughly decomposed stalk powder, the first microorganism
Microbial inoculum, nitrifier and denitrifying bacterium, wherein actinomyces of first microbial bacterial agent comprising bacillus subtilis and selectivity.
Further, the mass ratio of the volcanic ash and biological flocculation is 1：0.1~10, preferably 1：0.5~5, it is more excellent
Elect 1 as：0.8~2, most preferably 1：0.8~1, specifically such as 1：1.
Preferably, the volume that feeds intake of γ-PGA glues is 1~10L/kg with the ratio of the quality of volcanic ash.
It is highly preferred that the volume that feeds intake of gamma-polyglutamic acid glue is 3~8L/kg with the ratio of the quality of volcanic ash.
Preferably, the bacillus subtilis of biological flocculation is constituted for preserving number is the withered grass of CCTCC NoM208057
Bacillus KX-1, preserving number are the bacillus subtilis KX-2 of CCTCC NoM208058, preserving number is CCTCC
The combination of the bacillus subtilis KX-4 of NoM208060, the mass ratio of three is 1：0.4~0.85:0.5~0.85.Further
Preferably, first microbial bacterial agent includes actinomyces, and actinomyces and the preserving number are the withered of CCTCC NoM208057
The mass ratio of careless bacillus KX-1 is 0.3~0.75:1.
It is further preferred that the first described microbial bacterial agent also includes other beneficial microbes, other beneficial micro- lifes
Thing can be one or more be selected from lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus natto, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, withered grass
Bacillus KX-1 is 1 with other described beneficial microorganism consumption mass ratioes:0.1~0.8, more preferably 1:0.5~
0.8。
According to the present invention, the consumption of the first microbial bacterial agent is generally the 5wt%~25wt% of the stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed；Nitrification
The consumption of bacterium and denitrifying bacterium is generally higher than equal to every kilogram of stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 80ml/.Preferably, the first microorganism
The consumption of microbial inoculum is the 8wt%~20wt% of stalk powder of becoming thoroughly decomposed, it is further preferred that the consumption of the first microbial bacterial agent is corruption
12wt%~the 20wt% of ripe stalk powder.The consumption of nitrifier and denitrifying bacterium becomes thoroughly decomposed stalk more than or equal to every kilogram of 100ml/
Powder.
According to the present invention, the biological flocculation is typically obtained by following steps：To adding first in the stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed
Microbial bacterial agent, mixes, and then sequentially adds nitrifier and denitrifying bacterium, obtains final product.
Preferably, the moisture of the biological flocculation is 10wt%~30wt%.
According to the present invention, the described stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed is for the crushed stalk after fermentation maturity is formed.Becoming thoroughly decomposed stalk can be with
Carried out using existing fermentation maturity method.It is preferable, however, that being prepared according to present invention method described further below, take
The method is not limited by temperature conditionss, and the stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed prepared is also ensured that in very low temperatures, stalk
Become thoroughly decomposed more thoroughly, with nutritional ingredient higher, while also storing substantial amounts of beneficial bacterium.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned preferred stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed of the present invention is：The second microbial bacterial agent is swashed first
It is living, mixed liquor is then configured to nutriment, and then mix with the volcanic rock biological agent of dry straw and selectivity, to stalk
Decomposition reactor system is carried out, is finally crushed to more than 80 mesh, wherein volcanic rock biological agent includes volcanic rock particulate vector and is implanted in
The second microbial bacterial agent on described volcanic rock particulate vector, second microbial bacterial agent includes that preserving number is CCTCC
The bacillus subtilis KX-1 of NoM208057, actinomyces, preserving number for CCTCC NoM208058 bacillus subtilis KX-2,
Preserving number is the bacillus subtilis KX-4 of CCTCC NoM208060, and four mass ratio is followed successively by 1:0.3~0.75:0.4~
0.85:0.5~0.85, the second described microbial bacterial agent also optionally includes other beneficial microbes and enzyme preparation, described
Other beneficial microbes be selected from one or more in lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis.
According to a preferred aspect, the second microbial bacterial agent is comprising in other beneficial microbes and the second microbial bacterial agent
Bacillus subtilis KX-1 is 1 with other beneficial microorganism consumption mass ratioes:0.1~0.8, more preferably 1:0.5~0.8.
Preferably, described volcanic rock biological agent is prepared by following steps：
1), volcanic rock is milled to the volcanic rock particle of 20~40 mesh, volcanic rock particulate vector is obtained after removal powder；
2), by described the second microbial bacterial agent and water according to consumption mass ratio be 1:20~50 are configured to bacterium solution, then
Nitrogen source and carbon source is added to enter line activating to strain, when the bacillus more than 80% in bacterium solution is in trophosome state, viable count ＞
During 5000000000/mL, described volcanic rock particulate vector is soaked into 24~72h in described bacterium solution, then by described volcanic rock
Particulate vector is pulled out and drained, and obtains final product described volcanic rock biological agent.
According to the present invention, the second microbial bacterial agent can be identical or different with the first microbial bacterial agent.
Preferably, the second microbial bacterial agent, the mass ratio that feeds intake of dry straw are 1:1000~2000.
In the method for becoming thoroughly decomposed stalk powder is prepared, it is preferred to use volcanic rock biological agent, and the second microbial bacterial agent, fire
Mountain rock biological agent, the consumption mass ratio that feeds intake of dry straw are 1:50~80:1000~2000.
Preferably, bacillus subtilis KX-1, actinomyces, bacillus subtilis KX-2, withered grass in the second microbial bacterial agent
The consumption mass ratio of bacillus KX-4 is 1:0.6~0.7:0.7~0.8:0.7~0.8.
Preferably, the second described microbial bacterial agent includes enzyme preparation so that its acid protease >=2000u/g, neutral egg
White enzyme >=10000u/g, cellulase >=10000u/g.Wherein, enzyme preparation is acid protease, neutral proteinase, cellulose
Enzyme, when certain enzyme in described microbial bacterial agent is not enough, that is, adds corresponding enzyme preparation.
Stain activation can be carried out using conventional method in the present invention.
Preferably, described nutriment includes urea and amino acid granular.
Preferably, when carrying out fermentation reactor system and become thoroughly decomposed, control humidity is 50~65%.
Preferably, during composting, permeability cell is assigned, then the cover film on composting, treat that the temperature of composting rises to 50~
60 DEG C, the film for removing covering above permeability cell continues to ferment 10~15 days, then carries out turning moisturizing, continues fermentation 5~15
It completes fermentation maturity.
Used in the present invention is known including the whole bacterium including bacillus subtilis.First microbial bacterial agent
Nitrifier and denitrifying bacterium are not included with the second microbial bacterial agent.
Soil conditioner of the invention can not only fully water conservation, retaining, and the content of soil with organic matter can also be improved,
The pH of soil is adjusted, promotes available N and P, Potassium release, be that good soil physics and nutrient environment is created in the growth of plant,
It is very suitable for control of desert.Therefore, the application the invention further relates to the soil conditioner in control of desert.
Soil conditioner of the present invention is packed after being mixed by each raw material, is sold and is used, it is also possible to by each raw material list
Solely packaging, sale, remix in application.No matter which kind of situation, belong to protection category of the present invention.
Further, application process can using conventional method, will soil conditioner be added in sand ground, stir
, consumption is for about 1 ‰.
γ-PGA glues of the present invention are sent out by γ-PGA glues colloids through bubble, are obtained after imbibition.
Due to the implementation of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art：
Soil conditioner of the invention is combined using biological flocculation, γ-PGA glues and volcanic ash, wherein biological flocculation
Based on the stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed, constituted by adding specified microorganisms microbial inoculum, nitrifier and denitrifying bacterium, containing very abundant
Organic matter and beneficial bacterium, soil pH can be adjusted, alkalescent desert soil is adjusted to normal neutral soil, promote effective
Nitrogen, phosphorus, Potassium release, while the biological skeleton of biological flocculation can play buffer action, improve the gas porosity of soil, while
Water-saving effect is improved to a certain extent；In formula, volcanic ash is combined with gamma-polyglutamic acid (glue), with extraordinary guarantor
Water, water storage effect, can promote the formation of soil granular structure, be effectively improved plant root microbial environment, promote plant life
Length, Crop Improvement and woods fruit matter.The experiment proved that it is feasible, city that the soil conditioner is applied into the arid areas such as desert
Field prospect is long-range.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the picture of stalk before and after fermentation；
Fig. 2 is the picture of the tangerine bar fermentation heap with steam vent；
Fig. 3 is the picture of the good stalk fermentation heap of the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed；
Fig. 4 is the picture of secondary turning moisturizing；
Fig. 5 is the picture of stalk powder of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Specific embodiment
The invention mainly relates to new bio floc sedimentation and itself and volcanic ash and further preferred gamma-polyglutamic acid glue
Combination application in make control of desert soil conditioner, realize rationally utilize the natural mineral products in this part, crop genetic resource
While to promote economic development, environment and resource are solved the problems, such as.
It is initiation material that biological flocculation of the present invention uses agricultural crop straw, adds specified microorganisms strain, selectivity collocation
Changbai Mountain volcano rock fine grained, new natural biological new material is produced by bioengineering (depth fermentation), and will be well-done
Stalk forms high-quality biological skeleton by following process into 80 mesh above smalls, preferably 80-100 mesh, then when suitably filling into fermentation
The bacterium such as bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, the Bacillus natto of addition, then spray nitrifier, denitrifying bacterium, control moisture 10- successively
Between 30%, biological flocculation is obtained final product.Stalk contains a certain amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements in itself, is produced in decomposable process
Some nutrient availabilities increase during the intermediate products such as raw organic acid can make soil.The stalk content of organic matter after becoming thoroughly decomposed is high,
Soil fertility can be increased, make fertile soil.Applying the powder of straw of fermentation can effectively improve the content of soil with organic matter, regulation
The pH of soil, promotes available N and P, Potassium release, is that good soil physics and nutrient environment is created in the growth of plant.The life
Thing floc sedimentation can not only be fully utilized the past as the stalk of discarded object, turn waste into wealth, and reduce because burning straw
The pollution that stalk is caused to air.During the fermentation, under the depth effect of beneficial cryogenic bacterium, stalk is made thoroughly to be cured,
Make product that there is high nutritional ingredient, also store substantial amounts of beneficial bacterium.
Volcanic ash is a large amount of lava chips and dust produced with syntectite in volcanic eruption, is deposited on ground
Loose or slight cementing material formed in table or water.In volcanic eruption, after high pressure lava is sprayed onto ground, gas pressure
Strongly reduce and escape cause pozzolanic material stomata to be developed, proportion is small, body is gently tough and tensile.In China, volcanic ash aboundresources,
Resource reserve is huge, distributed more widely, is mainly distributed on many provinces and area of China northeast, northwest, the current utilization of resources
Mode is main to be used as embedding material and construction material based on extensive style, and the level of exploitation is relatively low.
Gamma-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) is made up of single kind of amino acid-glutamic acid (Glutamic acid), γ-poly-
Glutamic acid belongs to microbial fermentation product, non-toxic to people and animals, and molecular weight is larger, and toughness, analyte is amino acid, to plant
With it is environmentally friendly, it is degradable in the environment.Gamma-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) glue is that microbial project is combined with environment biochemistry
The high-tech product of development.Gamma-polyglutamic acid glue, using special bridge formation technology, makes with gamma-polyglutamic acid as skeleton
It forms space network, can high moisture absorption is swollen rises, be natural superhigh hydroscopicity product.After the water suction of gamma-polyglutamic acid glue
Expansion, moisture will not be sloughed after pressurization, and can will not remain the pollution for causing soil environment with natural decomposition in nature
Problem, is a kind of green water-retaining property material.Superelevation water absorbing capacity and complete Biodegradable are the master of gamma-polyglutamic acid glue
Want characteristic.Soil property can be improved simultaneously, promote the nutrient absorption of crop, therefore with promotional value very high.
The present invention is using the big architectural characteristic of the porous of volcanic ash, surface area, and heavy metal is sequestering, and has
The gamma-polyglutamic acid (glue) of superelevation water absorbing capacity and complete Biodegradable is combined, and promotes the shape of soil granular structure
Into, plant root microbial environment is effectively improved, promote plant growth, Crop Improvement and woods fruit matter.For drought-resistant water-preserving, protect
Fertile synergy, can improve the utilization rate of moisture and nutrient；Soil moisture conservation is kept a full stand of seedings, the degeneration-resistant ability of enhancing crop disease-resistant, improves Survival rate of nursery stock
Rate；It is widely used valency the field such as economic forest, shelter-forest, the ecological forest and seedling breeding, flower gardening, high-efficiency agriculture is built
Value, is also the ideal product of desertification and arid area ecological management.
Because desert and water-deficient area moisture are less, vegetable seeds is difficult germination, and greening is more difficult.With volcanic ash with
PGA (glue), biological flocculation are combined and are applied to desert arid area, can not only fully water conservation, retaining, and soil can also be improved
The content of organic matter in earth, adjusts the pH of soil, promotes available N and P, Potassium release, is that good soil is created in the growth of plant
Earth physics and nutrient environment.
The preparation method of biological flocculation of the invention, when stalk powder is become thoroughly decomposed in preparation, with pyschrophile as induction bacterium, it contains
It is various complex function beneficial microbes of main body to have withered grass (containing natto) bacillus, actinomyces, can be in the situation of low temperature
Lower breeding, drives the high speed of other microbial inoculums to breed.Can hot fermentation, and can cold fermentation, not by area, season limit, four
Ji Keyong, peasant can nearby be processed in the edge of a field, and thoroughly becoming thoroughly decomposed for stalk, without being carried to stalk, section are realized on the spot
Human-saving, material resources, financial resources；The volcanic rock that the present invention also abounds with further combined with Jilin is big using the porous of volcanic rock, surface area
Architectural characteristic, play its water conservation, and natural mineral products can be solved as the carrier of microbial inoculum and effect of enhancing heat sinking function
The problem for utilizing of resource.
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
Embodiment 1：Become thoroughly decomposed the preparation of stalk
First, main raw material(s)
1st, the first microbial bacterial agent, by weight：
The composite bacteria agent requirement for preparing：Acid protease >=2000u/g, neutral proteinase >=10000u/g, cellulose
Enzyme >=10000u/g, insufficient section adds corresponding enzyme preparation.
Bacillus subtilis KX-1 can be in 2~8 DEG C of survival and reproductions.
2nd, volcanic rock biological agent
Volcanic rock biological agent, be using the big architectural characteristic of the porous of volcanic rock, surface area, containing substantial amounts of silicon, potassium,
Tens kinds of mineral matters such as sodium, iron, magnesium, aluminium, silicon, calcium, titanium, manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt and trace element, and heavy metal chelating
Property, with it as carrier, implantation (includes unwrapping wire by checking, the multiple beneficial microorganism species harmless to people and animals and other biological
The multiple beneficial microorganism such as bacterium, bacillus, based on pyschrophile) product that is formed afterwards.Volcano biological agent is in composting process
Have functions that the effect and radiating of microorganism enrichment sustained release are ventilative, soil granular knot can be promoted with water conservation, retaining in addition
The formation of structure, is effectively improved plant root microbial environment, for plant growth provides trace element, promotes plant growth.
Specific preparation method：
The preparation of a, base material
It is stand-by after natural volcanic rock is milled into the particle less than 1mm, removal powder；
The preparation of b, bacterium solution
And prepare composite bacteria agent according to formula as below：By weight
1. activate
The compounding beneficial functions bacterium chosen is inserted into the clean square groove with water inlet, aeration, heated for controlling temperature and drain function,
According to 1:20~50 dilutions, add a certain amount of nitrogen source, carbon source, activate strain；
2. soak
Microscopy bacillus is in mostly trophosome state under microscope, and plate colony count detection viable count ＞ 5,000,000,000/
, can be put into the carrier after treatment in square groove and soak by mL；
3. draining, drain
After 24~72h of immersion, after bacterium solution is drained the bottom of from, carrier is pulled out and is drained；
3rd, amino acid granular
Pure biofermentation concentration is obtained, and contains abundant nitrogen source and other nutritional ingredients.
2nd, preparation process
(1), relevant device and material
1st, large-scale fodder crushing cutting machine：It is long that the straw that will be dried is cut into 1~2cm.
2nd, large-scale mixer：Go out the large-scale mortar mixer of type after advance.
3rd, large-scale sprayer：The mixed liquor of microbial inoculum and nutrient solution is sprayed during for spice.
4th, agricultural plastic film：It is some.
5th, Stain activation equipment.
6th, spice related tool or equipment.
7th, permeability cell：Diameter 10cm or so, the plastic tube of surrounding punching.
8th, other materials：Brown sugar, rice bran, urea
(2), usage, consumption and fermentation period
1st, consumption
Every 1 kilogram of first microbial bacterial agent+60kg volcanic rock biological agents, about ferment, become thoroughly decomposed 1~2 ton of dry straw, hair
Ferment, environment temperature when becoming thoroughly decomposed are 5~10 DEG C.
2nd, usage (to activate 1Kg strains, as a example by fermentation 1T stalks)
1) Stain activation
With water according to 1：20~30 dilution proportion, adds the fresh rice brans of 4Kg, 0.5Kg brown sugar activation 12h.
2) nutrient source and auxiliaries
Urea 22Kg, amino acid granular 10Kg, after fully being dissolved with water, are diluted to about 1.2~1.5T.
3) mix
1) mixed liquor is mixed into during 2) bacterium solution after middle activation is added.
4) spice：Humid control is 50~65% or so
Stalk after crushing is sent into from mixer front end (charging aperture), and after adding volcano biological agent, is used from two ends
Sprayer is exported after stirring to the mixed liquor in the sprinkling 3) simultaneously of charging aperture and discharging opening from mixer rear end, carries out heap
System.
5) material builds heap
Heap is made pyramid type (base diameter is about 3 meters) or strip ladder type (bottom width 2m, 1.5m high, upper 1.0m wide), depending on
Depending on actual conditions, and permeability cell is placed, cover film is fermented.When temperature after 3 days is up to 50~60 DEG C, will be ventilative
The film covered on pipe is removed.
6) secondary turning
After heap is restricted 15 days, secondary turning moisturizing is carried out.
3rd, fermentation period
Whole digest process completion in about 30 days or so, stalk overstrike or dark brown；Windrow has the delicate fragrance of biofermentation
Soil taste, ammonia taste；It is covered with a large amount of white hyphas, texture in heap to evacuate.
The constituent analysis of the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed after fermentation ends is referring to table 1.
Table 1
Comparative example 1
Substantially same as Example 1, difference is：
1st, microbial bacterial agent, by weight
The composite bacteria agent requirement for preparing：Acid protease >=2000u/g, neutral proteinase >=10000u/g, cellulose
Enzyme >=10000u/g, insufficient section adds corresponding enzyme preparation.
2nd, the microbial inoculum being implanted into volcanic rock biological agent is：
After being fermented to dry straw as described in Example 1, the constituent analysis of the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is referring to table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment 1 and the straw decomposing degree of comparative example 1 contrast (weight-loss ratio method), its result is referring to table 3.
Table 3
Above-mentioned experiment is that five months bottom the beginning of Junes are carried out in northeast Changchun.Because the Northeast paddy rice only plants a season, typically
The annual October can gather in, and this time the time of experiment is similar to Jilin part paddy rice ripe and harvested season in weather temperature, humidity,
Make result of the test with more persuasion property.
Embodiment 2：The preparation of biological flocculation
Biological flocculation is prepared and comprised the following steps：
(1) stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is prepared Following the procedure of Example 1,80 mesh or so is ground into pulverizer, obtain the straw that become thoroughly decomposed
Stalk powder；
(2) 200 gram of first microbial bacterial agent is added to adding the in the stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed by the every kilogram of stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed
One microbial bacterial agent, then sprays nitrifier and denitrifying bacterium successively, and the addition of nitrifier and denitrifying bacterium is 100ml every thousand
Gram become thoroughly decomposed stalk powder, obtains final product biological flocculation.
The picture of gained biological flocculation is referring to Fig. 5.
Organic index to this example gained biological flocculation and the biological flocculation of external certain company detected, as a result referring to
Table 4, additionally the trace element to this example biological flocculation detected, as a result referring to table 5.
Table 4
Table 5
Embodiment 3：Soil conditioner
In example below, volcanic ash：Originate from Jilin Changchun；Biological flocculation：It is prepared by the method for the embodiment of the present invention 2 and condition
(60 mesh)；Gamma-polyglutamic acid：Produced by Kunshan China Tech, pure biofermentation；Gamma-polyglutamic acid glue：It is biological raw by Kunshan China Tech
Produce, with river imbibition 60h, 20 times of imbibition multiplying power.
Example 3-1 this example provides a kind of soil conditioner, and its raw material composition is volcanic ash, biological flocculation and γ-PGA glues,
The mass ratio 1 of volcanic ash, biological flocculation：The volume that feeds intake of 1, γ-PGA glues is 5L/kg with the ratio of volcanic ash quality, is used
When, volcanic ash, biological flocculation are well mixed with soil, γ-PGA glues are subsequently adding, stir.
Example 3-2 this example provides a kind of soil conditioner, and its raw material composition is volcanic ash, biological flocculation and γ-PGA glues,
The mass ratio 1 of volcanic ash, biological flocculation：The volume that feeds intake of 2, γ-PGA glues is 5L/kg with the ratio of volcanic ash quality, is used
When, volcanic ash, biological flocculation are well mixed with soil, γ-PGA glues are subsequently adding, stir.
Example 3-3 this example provides a kind of soil conditioner, and its raw material composition is volcanic ash, biological flocculation and γ-PGA glues,
The mass ratio 5 of volcanic ash, biological flocculation：The volume that feeds intake of 1, γ-PGA glues is 5L/kg with the ratio of volcanic ash, when using,
Volcanic ash, biological flocculation are well mixed with soil, γ-PGA glues are subsequently adding, stirred.
Embodiment 4：Soil conditioner Water-saving effect is studied
1st, experiment soil：Northeast ginseng planting lays idle native (hereinafter referred to as original soil).
2nd, apparatus：Simulation culturing room (50 DEG C of constant temperature), humiture instrument, soil nmoisture content analyser, PVC cylinder barrel (internal diameters
15cm；42cm high, uniformly make a call to three thief holes of diameter 1.5cm), electronic scale, beaker, graduated cylinder, glass bar, etc..
3rd, material prepares：
1) γ-PGA zymotic fluids
γ-PGA colloids according to 7% ratio water dissolves, it is stand-by；
2) γ-PGA glues
γ-PGA glue colloids are according to 1:100 ratio is soaked, and water is changed daily, and imbibition ratio is optimal after about 60h, stand-by.
4th, test procedure
1) seven size identical PVC cylinder barrels are taken, it is uniform from bottom to top to make a call to three thief holes, bore dia 1.5cm is sampled,
It is standby.
2) material is prepared according to the proportioning of table 6 below：
Table 6
| Type | Original soil | Volcanic ash | Biological flocculation | γ-PGA zymotic fluids | γ-PGA glues | Water |
| 1# | 5kg | 2.5L | ||||
| 2# | 5kg | 0.5kg | 2.5L | |||
| 3# | 5kg | 0.5kg | 0.5kg | 2.5L | ||
| 4# | 5kg | 0.5kg | 2.5L | |||
| 5# | 5kg | 0.5kg | 0.5kg | 2.5L | ||
| 6# | 5kg | 0.5kg | 2.5L | |||
| 7# | 5kg | 0.5kg | 0.5kg | 2.5L |
1#：Blank control group, original soil 5kg after adding 2.5L water, is mixed thoroughly, loads PVC cylinder barrels, and mark；
Test group：
2#, by 10:1 ratio, 5 ㎏ original soils and 0.5 ㎏ volcanic ash are well mixed, and after adding 2.5L water, are mixed thoroughly, are loaded
PVC cylinder barrels, and mark；
3#：Same 10:1 ratio, 5 ㎏ original soils and 0.5 ㎏ volcanic ash, the biological flocculation of the mesh of 0.5 ㎏ 60 are well mixed, plus
After entering 2.5L water, mix thoroughly, load PVC cylinder barrels, and mark；
4#：By 10:1 ratio, 5 ㎏ original soils and 0.5 ㎏ volcanic ash are well mixed, after adding 2.5L γ-PGA zymotic fluids,
Mix thoroughly, load PVC cylinder barrels, and mark；
5#：By 10:1 ratio, 5 ㎏ original soils and 0.5 ㎏ volcanic ash, the biological flocculation of the mesh of 0.5 ㎏ 60 are well mixed, and are added
After 2.5L γ-PGA zymotic fluids, mix thoroughly, load PVC cylinder barrels, and mark；
6#：By 10:1 ratio, 5 ㎏ original soils and 0.5 ㎏ volcanic ash are well mixed, and after adding 2.5L γ-PGA glues, are mixed
It is even, load PVC cylinder barrels, and mark；
7#：By 10:1 ratio, 5 ㎏ original soils and 0.5 ㎏ volcanic ash, the biological flocculation of the mesh of 0.5 ㎏ 60 are well mixed, and are added
After 2.5L γ-PGA glues, mix thoroughly, load PVC cylinder barrels, and mark；
3) by above-mentioned seven flowerpots be put into simulation desert Environment culturing room in, daytime 60 DEG C of maximum temperature, mean temperature
45 DEG C, 20 DEG C of night minimum temperature, air humidity 10~20%, and observed and recorded.
4) experimental period：The September of 2 days~2016 July in 2016 2 days, 60 days altogether, during testing respectively when different
Between indices in different holes sampling detection moisture and analysis soil, as a result respectively referring to table 7 and table 8.
The water analysis result of table 7
The soil analysis result of table 8
From the water analysis test data of table 7, percentage of water loss 7# ＜ 5# ＜ 6# ＜ 4# ＜ 3# ＜ 2# ＜ 1# illustrate volcano
Ash, polyglutamic acid and polyglutamic acid glue have certain water-retaining property, wherein contrast 3# and 7# data understand, add r-PGA water
(the replacing water with glue, volume is identical) of glue, percentage of water loss reduction by 11%~13% shows volcanic ash, biological flocculation and polyglutamic
Sour water glue is combined with collaboration water conservation water storage effect.
Meanwhile, referring to table 8, have in the soil of 3#, 5# and 7# for the addition of biological flocculation of the present invention organic carbon, organic matter with
And full nitrogen has the raising of highly significant compared with 1#, 2#, 4#, 6# of biological flocculation of the present invention is not added with, and shows volcanic ash, life
Thing floc sedimentation is combined the maximum effect that can not only play its water conservation retaining with polyglutamic acid glue, but also can increase for soil
Plus fertility, in the case where this two aspects effect is ensured, soil conditioner of the present invention applies to the arid areas such as desert and is entirely
Feasible, market prospects are long-range.
The present invention is described in detail above, its object is to allow the personage for being familiar with this art to will appreciate that this
The content of invention is simultaneously carried out, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned implementation
Example, the equivalent change or modification that all Spirit Essences of the invention are made should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- It is 1. a kind of to be suitable to the soil conditioner of control of desert, it is characterised in that：The soil conditioner is the combination of plurality of raw materials, The raw material includes volcanic ash, gamma-polyglutamic acid glue and biological flocculation, and wherein biological flocculation includes the stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the One microbial bacterial agent, nitrifier and denitrifying bacterium, wherein first microbial bacterial agent includes bacillus subtilis and selection Property actinomyces, the consumption of first microbial bacterial agent is the 5wt% ~ 25wt% of the stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed；The nitrifier Become thoroughly decomposed stalk powder more than or equal to every kilogram of 80ml/ with the consumption of denitrifying bacterium.
- 2. soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bacillus subtilis is for preserving number The bacillus subtilis KX-1 of CCTCC NoM208057, preserving number for CCTCC NoM208058 bacillus subtilis KX-2, Preserving number is the combination of the bacillus subtilis KX-4 of CCTCC NoM208060, and the mass ratio of three is 1：0.4~0.85: 0.5~0.85。
- 3. soil conditioner according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The first described microbial bacterial agent also includes other Beneficial microbe, other described beneficial microbes are selected from lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus natto, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, lichens gemma bar One or more in bacterium, described bacillus subtilis KX-1 and other described beneficial microorganism consumption mass ratioes is 1: 0.1~0.8。
- 4. soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The consumption of first microbial bacterial agent is described Become thoroughly decomposed the 8wt% ~ 20wt% of stalk powder；The consumption of the nitrifier and denitrifying bacterium becomes thoroughly decomposed straw more than or equal to every kilogram of 100ml/ Stalk powder.
- 5. soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The biological flocculation is obtained by following steps： To the first microbial bacterial agent is added in the stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed, mix, then sequentially add nitrifier and denitrifying bacterium, i.e., .
- 6. soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The stalk powder that becomes thoroughly decomposed is by following steps system ：The second microbial bacterial agent is entered into line activating first, mixed liquor is then configured to nutriment, so with dry straw and selection Property the mixing of volcanic rock biological agent, decomposition reactor system is carried out to stalk, be finally crushed to more than 80 mesh, the biological system of the volcanic rock Agent includes volcanic rock particulate vector and the second microbial bacterial agent being implanted on described volcanic rock particulate vector, and described second is micro- Bacteria agent includes that the bacillus subtilis KX-1 that preserving number is CCTCC NoM208057, actinomyces, preserving number are CCTCC The bacillus subtilis KX-2 of NoM208058, preserving number are the bacillus subtilis KX-4 of CCTCC NoM208060, four Mass ratio is followed successively by 1: 0.3~0.75: 0.4~0.85:0.5 ~ 0.85, the second described microbial bacterial agent is also optionally wrapped Include other beneficial microbes and enzyme preparation, other described beneficial microbes be selected from lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, One or more in clothing bacillus, described the second microbial bacterial agent, described volcanic rock biological agent, described dry straw The consumption mass ratio that feeds intake of stalk is 1:50~80: 1000~2000.
- 7. soil conditioner according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Described volcanic rock biological agent is by following step It is rapid to prepare：1）, volcanic rock is milled to the volcanic rock particle of 20 ~ 40 mesh, obtain volcanic rock particulate vector after removal powder；2）, by described the second microbial bacterial agent and water according to consumption mass ratio be 1:20 ~ 50 are configured to bacterium solution, are subsequently adding nitrogen Source and carbon source enter line activating to strain, when the bacillus more than 80% in bacterium solution is in trophosome state, 5,000,000,000/mL of viable count ＞ When, described volcanic rock particulate vector is soaked into 24 ~ 72h in described bacterium solution, then by described volcanic rock particulate vector Pull out and drain, obtain final product described volcanic rock biological agent.
- 8. soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mass ratio of the volcanic ash and biological flocculation is 1：0.5 ~ 10, the feed intake mass values of volume and the volcanic ash of described gamma-polyglutamic acid glue are 1 ~ 10 L/kg.
- 9. soil conditioner according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The mass ratio of volcanic ash and biological flocculation is 1： 0.5 ~ 5, the volume that feeds intake of gamma-polyglutamic acid glue is 3 ~ 8L/kg with the ratio of the quality of the volcanic ash.
- 10. application of a kind of soil conditioner as described in any one of claim 1 to 9 claim in control of desert.
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