CN106083354A - Plant cultivation media conditioner, this conditioner is utilized to prepare the method for compound cultivation matrix and the cultivation matrix of preparation - Google Patents
Plant cultivation media conditioner, this conditioner is utilized to prepare the method for compound cultivation matrix and the cultivation matrix of preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106083354A CN106083354A CN201610439399.2A CN201610439399A CN106083354A CN 106083354 A CN106083354 A CN 106083354A CN 201610439399 A CN201610439399 A CN 201610439399A CN 106083354 A CN106083354 A CN 106083354A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The invention discloses a plant cultivation matrix conditioner, its preparation method and the method utilizing conditioner to prepare compound cultivation matrix, the substrate conditioner of the present invention includes Sargassum slag, coir fibre and phosphate rock, compound cultivation matrix prepared by the substrate conditioner utilizing the present invention is balanced in nutrition, nutrient composition content is high, physical property is stable, and trophic structure is reasonable.Compound cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention has good cation commutativity and adsorptivity, absorption has the salt of cushioning effect in a large number, there is cushioning effect, hinder the rapid change of pH value and EC value, adjust the acid or alkali environment of substrate, the effect of slow release nutrient, it is beneficial to breathing and the growth of root system of plant, promote the root system absorption to nutrient, meet plant growing needs, improve survival rate and the appreciation effect of plant culture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the conditioner of a kind of plant cultivation nutrient matrix, culture matrix preparation method and culture matrix, special
Do not relate to the nutrient matrix conditioner of a kind of plant soil-less culturing, the method utilizing this conditioner application and preparation substrate and preparation
Nutrient matrix.
Background technology
Substrate is the basis of soilless substyate culture, and substrate culture is a kind of facility that in soilless culture, popularizing area is maximum
Planting type.It is to be fixed in the substrate of organic or inorganic by the root system of plant, by drip irrigation or the method for trickle irrigation, supplies
To plant nutrient.At present, peat as the conventional soilless culture substrate raw material of China, be widely used in flower culture, vegetable and
The aspects such as the industrial seedling rearing of nursery stock, roof greening, soil improvement.
Peat is also called the peat composed of rotten mosses, peat soil or mud coal, the coal that degree of coalification is minimum, is different decomposition degree, soft
Plant residue deposit, its organic and humic acid content is the highest.Peat has aseptic, nontoxic, pollution-free, water-permeable and air permeable
Performance is good, and quality is light, water holding fertilizer-preserving ability is strong, beneficially microbial activities, enhancing biological property, nutritious advantage, both
Can be as cultivation matrix, again can be as good soil conditioner.
Although peat is the raw material of a kind of excellent cultivation matrix, but its stock number is limited, is that one is the most non-renewable
Natural resources, Wetland Environment can be damaged by exhaustive exploitation；And, there is physics as cultivation matrix in simple use peat
Character is unstable, the shortcoming such as easily subside, and therefore in the urgent need to developing the succedaneum of peat growing medium, uses other raw materials to come entirely
Portion or part substitute peat and carry out plant culture.
The application for a patent for invention of such as Publication No. CN1702061A discloses the full nutrition of a kind of botanical seedling culturing and cultivation
Substrate.This nutrient matrix use weight ratio be the peat of 50-70%, weight ratio be the perlite of 20-25%, weight ratio be 10-
The Vermiculitum of 15% mixes with active substance, nutrient substance.Peat is through high-temperature sterilization, and in this substrate, active substance is by many
Plant microorganism and plant growth regulator merging is polymerized.But the size of the cultivation matrix of this disclosure of the invention differs,
After watering, the fine particle in substrate has been absorbed in bigger noncapilarry porosity, and substrate shrinks and settles, and causes substrate
Noncapilarry porosity diminishes, thus reduces the gas-water ratio of substrate；Additionally the crude fiber content in this full nutrient matrix is low, needs to increase
The addition of Ensure Liquid material, improves production cost.
And for example the patent of invention of Patent No. 200910076676.8 discloses a kind of floriculture substrate and preparation side thereof
Method, this floriculture substrate includes major ingredient and additive, and wherein major ingredient includes peat, perlite and Vermiculitum, and additive includes base
Matter moisture conditioner, pH adjusting agent and Nutrient germinant, the particle diameter of peat, perlite and Vermiculitum is more than 3mm.This flower culture base
Matter physical property is stable, and water supply in media conditioner can reduce stromal surface tension force, improves the wetting power of stromal surface with equal
One property, changes the appearance stability of peat, prevents moisture quickly to scatter and disappear, improve infiltration rate rate under actually used middle moisture, significantly change
It is apt to the water absorption of peat growing medium, delays the efflorescence of peat.But, perlite itself is in alkalescence so that the pH of substrate own
Value raises, and is unfavorable for plant growing.
At present China's relevant industries to cultivation matrix year total demand about at 10,000,000 m3Left and right, market demand pole
Greatly, and also in cumulative year after year, but peat has been on the verge of exhaustion as a kind of non-renewable resources, seeks the replacement base starting material of peat
Extremely the most urgent, agricultural organic waste is exactly a preferable substitution material of class.
Agriculture and forestry organic waste material is agricultural and production of forestry and the side-product of generation in the course of processing, and enormous amount, having can be again
Give birth to, the regeneration period is short, biodegradable, advantages of environment protection, is important biomass resource, mainly has bark, shell, branch
Dry, straw, bagasse, rice husk, mushroom slag, corn cob etc..
In the today advocating thriftiness resource and sustainable development energetically, the research that agriculture and forestry organic waste material is recycled by China is also located
In the starting stage, the traditional agriculture and forestry organic waste material processing mode of China mainly landfill or burn, although remove major part agricultural
Garbage, but these modes bring environmental pollution and the wasting of resources, excessively remove agriculture and forestry organic waste material and soil also can be caused tight
The various problems such as weight meta-acid or meta-alkali, organic matter and nutrient content reduce, easily harden, aeration is poor, destruction soil ecology follows
Ring, makes soil fertility decline year by year.
Based on environmental conservation and the consideration of the localization substrate providing super quality and competitive price for market, agriculture and forestry organic waste material is utilized to produce
Diversified, innoxious substrate products, it is achieved the reusable edible of natural resources becomes the focus of Recent study.China is mud
Charcoal resource-starved country, and maldistribution of the resources, peat is concentrated mainly on northeast, and increase is become by transport to region of Southeast
This.Therefore, researchers turn one's attention on numerous agriculture and forestry organic waste materials, and these organic wastes are developed soilless culture base
Matter, not only solves the process problem of organic waste, also provides excellent substrate for soilless culture, improves agricultural and discards
The level of thing resource reutilization.
Modern study shows, by agriculture and forestry organic waste material compost treatment, not only can reduce the area of landfill yard and pathogen
Breeding place, also has and increases soil fertility, and improves soil physics structure, water moisture self restraint, and city dust flies upward, soil is invaded in minimizing
Erosion and the function such as rainwash, and can also beautifying city view, reduce urban green space maintenance cost and also drive recycling economy to send out
Exhibition；On the other hand, recycled by garden waste, it also can be made to revert to soil or replace peat to serve as fertilizer or nothing
Soil cultivation matrix plays an important role in flower culture.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a plant cultivation matrix conditioner, utilize this conditioner to prepare composite plant
The method of cultivation matrix and the cultivation matrix of preparation, the substrate conditioner of the present invention has cushioning effect, can effectively adjust substrate
PH value, reduce the EC value of substrate, the Accommodation to the acid-base value of substrate and soluble-salt content is obvious, regulation efficiency height,
Too high to pH value, too low and plant cultivation media that EC value is excessive pH, EC value opsonic action is notable, adjusts substrate soda acid ring
The breathing in border, beneficially root system and growth, promote its absorption to nutrient, utilizes composite plant cultivation prepared by this conditioner
The cushioning effect of substrate is strong, and external condition occurs to keep during fluctuation stablizing of physicochemical property, and the buffering effect tool of cultivation matrix
There are good persistence, stability and long-lasting, reach to be suitable to the stable environment demand of plant growing, provide steady for plant growing
Fixed external environment；There is good aeration, water-retaining property, nutrient preserving capability and the function of slow release nutrient, be difficult to subside, use the longevity
Order longer.
For realizing the purpose of the present invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a plant cultivation matrix conditioner, including Sargassum slag,
Coir fibre and phosphate rock.
Wherein, the weight of described Sargassum slag, coir fibre and phosphate rock is 25-60:20-55:5-30, is preferably
30-50:35-45:10-25。
Particularly, described Sargassum slag refers to the waste residue utilizing Sargassum to remain after producing Related product.
Especially, the particle diameter 2～5mm of described Sargassum slag, unit weight 0.20～0.30g/cm3, total porosity 88～98%.
Particularly, the acid-base value 6.5～7.5 of described Sargassum slag, electrical conductivity 2.5～3.3mS/cm；
Especially, the content of organic matter 80～95% of described Sargassum slag, nitrogen content 3.2～6.8%, phosphorus content 4.0～
5.3%, potassium content 4.3～6.0%.
Particularly, described coir fibre is threadiness garbage remaining after utilizing Cortex cocois radicis to produce Related product.
Especially, the particle diameter 3.0～5.0cm of described coir fibre.
Particularly, P in described phosphate rock2O5Content > 18%.
Especially, the particle diameter 2.5～5.0mm of described phosphate rock.
Phosphate rock is concretion forms or granular, and section is many in roe shape or bedded structure.
Another aspect of the present invention provides the preparation method of a plant cultivation matrix conditioner, by Sargassum slag, coir fibre
After pulverizing respectively with phosphate rock, mix homogeneously and get final product.
Wherein, the volume proportion of described Sargassum slag, coir fibre and phosphate rock is 25-60:20-55:5-30, is preferably
30-50:35-45:10-25。
Particularly, the particle diameter of the Sargassum slag after described pulverizing is 2～5mm.
Especially, the unit weight 0.20～0.30g/cm of described Sargassum slag3, total porosity 88～98%.
Particularly, the acid-base value 6.5～7.5 of described Sargassum slag, electrical conductivity 2.5～3.3mS/cm；
Especially, the content of organic matter 80～95% of described Sargassum slag, nitrogen content 3.2～6.8%, phosphorus content 4.0～
5.3%, potassium content 4.3～6.0%.
Wherein, the coir fibre particle diameter after described pulverizing is 3.0～5.0cm.
Wherein, P in described phosphate rock2O5Content > 18%.
Particularly, the particle diameter 2.5～5.0mm of the phosphate rock after described pulverizing.
Another aspect of the invention provides the preparation method of a kind of Compound type plant cultivation matrix, comprises the steps:
1) by plant cultivation media, plant cultivation media conditioner and antibacterial mix homogeneously；
2) add water in mixture, and after stirring, stand 2-3 days；
3) it is dried to moisture content≤15%, to obtain final product.
Wherein, step 1) described in plant cultivation media select castoff compost substrate, peat, the peat composed of rotten mosses, soil.
Particularly, described castoff compost substrate is prepared from accordance with the following steps: by agriculture and forestry organic waste material, fermenting agent and
After fermenting additive mix homogeneously, carrying out fermentation process, wherein, described fermenting additive is Bamboo vinegar solution or/and wood vinegar.
Fermenting additive can effectively prevent Ammonia valatilization, has guarantor's nitrogen effect；Vinegar liquid resource is due to containing making perfume
Organic acid, phenols and the aldehyde compound of material, such as acetic acid, 4-methylbutanoic acid, benzoic acid, 2-methylphenol and vanillin etc., right
Stink plays inhibitory action, can use as compost and otherwise deodorizer；The fermenting additive of debita spissitudo is permissible
Effectively facilitate microbial activity, accelerate the decomposition of organic substance in compost.
Wherein, described agriculture and forestry organic waste material is 100:0.2-1.4, preferably 100:0.5-with the weight of fermenting agent
1.0。
Particularly, described agriculture and forestry organic waste material is agriculture, woods, herd, each industry of fishing, produces, processes and produces during daily life
Garbage.
Particularly, described agriculture and forestry organic waste material selects branch, bark, grass cuttings, flower to lose, falls leaves, wheat straw, phragmites communis, Sunflower Stalk,
Rhizoma Imperatae stem, rice straw, corn cob, corn straw, Semen Persicae, almond, plum pit, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, sunflower seed shell, cotton seed hulls, camellia oleifera fruit
Shell, one or more in coconut palm bran, coconut husk.
Particularly, described agriculture and forestry organic waste material also includes grain processing plant, brewery, the leftover bits and pieces of agricultural byproducts processing factory
Material, process residues, such as bran skin, Testa Tritici, grain slag, corn cob, soybean pod, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, cotton seed hulls etc..
Particularly, living bacteria count >=200,000,000/g in described fermenting agent, pH value is 5.8-8.0, and effective viable bacteria contains
Actinomycetes, Thermophilic Bacteria, whiterot fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, cellulose-decomposing bacterium etc..
Particularly, fermenting additive described in 5-35ml is added during the consumption of fermenting additive is every 100kg agriculture and forestry organic waste material.
Wherein, the pH value of described Bamboo vinegar solution is 1.8-3.0, and density is 0.75-1.35g/ml, and organic acid content is 5-
10%, content of phenolic compounds is 4-6%；The pH value of described wood vinegar is 2.2-3.1, and density is 0.6-1.6g/ml, organic acid
Content is 5-10%, and content of phenolic compounds is 6-10%.
Bamboo vinegar solution, wood vinegar are hydrophilic solution, have stronger absorption, penetrating power, and it can be as plant promoting agent, life
Long accelerator, fertilizer-keeping agent, soil conditioner, soil sterilants etc., and nontoxic, harmless, noresidue, be a kind of the most green
Solvent.
Wherein, described fermentation process includes the step that following sequence is carried out:
1) the C/N ratio of regulation agriculture and forestry organic waste material is for 20-30；
2) add fermenting agent and water, mix homogeneously, make the moisture content of garbage reach 60-65%；
3) garbage piling fermentation heap body, carry out banking up fermentation process, wherein, monitors in fermentation treatments of banking up
The temperature of heap body and moisture content, spray fermenting additive once to fermentation heap body in every 4-8 days, the fermenting additive every time sprayed
Consumption is that every 100kg garbage sprays 1.5-3.0ml, and when the moisture content of fermentation heap body is less than 45%, sprays water to heap body
60-65% is reached to moisture content.
Particularly, step 1) described in C/N than preferably 25-30；Step 2) described in fermenting agent and agricultural discard
The weight of thing is 0.2-1.4:100, preferably 0.5-1.0:100.
Especially, living bacteria count >=200,000,000/g in described fermenting agent, pH value is 5.8-8.0, and effective viable bacteria contains
Actinomycetes, Thermophilic Bacteria, whiterot fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, cellulose-decomposing bacterium etc..
Particularly, step 3) in spray the number of times of fermenting additive be 6-24 time, preferably 6-14 time.
Especially, the sprinkling total amount of fermenting additive is that every 100kg garbage sprays 5-35ml.
Particularly, step 3) described in bank up fermentation process carry out turning as follows:
A) when heap temperature is higher than 55 DEG C, carry out turning process, control heap temperature less than 70 DEG C；
B) when heap temperature is gradually lowered to less than 55 DEG C, within every 4-10 days, turning process is carried out；
C) after heap temperature is reduced to 20-30 DEG C, it is further continued for stacking 9-24 days, wherein, within every 8-15 days, carries out at turning
Reason.
Wherein, also include adding water in fermenting additive, spray after making additive diluent.
Particularly, in additive diluent, the ratio of leaven and the volume of water is 1:750-2500.
Wherein, described plant cultivation media conditioner includes Sargassum slag, coir fibre, phosphate rock.
Particularly, the weight of Sargassum slag, coir fibre and the phosphate rock in described plant cultivation media conditioner
For 25-60:20-55:5-30, preferably 30-50:35-45:10-25.
Especially, described plant cultivation media conditioner is prepared as follows and forms: by Sargassum slag, coir fibre and
After phosphate rock is pulverized respectively, mix homogeneously.
Wherein, step 1) described in the weight of plant cultivation media and plant cultivation media conditioner be 100:
20-45, more preferably 100:20-35；Described plant cultivation media is 10000:0.05-with the weight of antibacterial
1.5, preferably 10000:0.15-1.35.
Particularly, described antibacterial select carbendazim, antibacterial select carbendazim, benomyl, dimethachlon, anilazine,
Speed Poly or enemy's power de-in one or more.
Wherein, step 2) described in add water in mixture so that mixture water content >=60%, preferably 60-65%.
Particularly, step 2) in water content >=60% mixture stand (static placement) temperature be 15-55 DEG C, preferably
For 20-35 DEG C.
Further aspect of the present invention provides a kind of Compound type plant cultivation matrix being prepared from according to the method described above.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix of the present invention has the advantage that
1, the preparation method of the Compound type plant cultivation matrix of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and product yield is high, product matter
Measuring controlled, the physical and chemical index of the soilless culture substrate of preparation meets the requirement of soilless culture substrate.
2, the Compound type plant cultivation matrix physicochemical properties of the present invention are stable, moderate (the pH 5.39-of acid-base value
6.11), permeability is good, and electrical conductivity (EC value) is 0.20-0.43mS/cm, and unit weight is 0.3845-0.4131g/cm3, 0.25-
The particulate percentages of 2.00mm is 56.07-65.03%, and total porosity is 64.31-79.92%, and ventilating slit reaches 31.28-
39.05%, the cultivation mixed-matrix of preparation loosens, and permeability is good, and venting capability is excellent, and physical and chemical performance index meets gardening
The requirement of plant suitable growth, physical and chemical index all reaches the requirement of soilless culture substrate, it is possible to provide good for plant growing
Good and stable matrix environment, is suitable for cultivation of plants.
3, the Maximum moisture capacity of Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention reaches 2.59-2.90g/g, water holding hole
Reach 32.37-40.87%, illustrate that the water absorbing capacity of the soilless culture substrate of the present invention is strong, all can be equivalent to own wt by sticking
The water yield of about 2.59-2.90 times, can be that plant provides sufficient moisture condition, and can reduce irrigation times, using water wisely, simplification
Control measures.
4, the CEC value of Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention is high, reaches 121.03-178.42cmol/kg, protects
Fertile ability is high, with balanced cultivation substrate nutrient content, can reduce the nutrient loss of cultivation matrix, and the growth for plant provides abundance
Nutrient；Containing abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, trace element (Fe, Cu, Zn, Co, Mo, Mn, Ni), protein, aminoacid, nothing
The biological active substanceies such as machine salt, vitamin, phytohormone, enzyme, polyphenol and polysaccharide, reduce the usage amount of external source fertilizer, reduce
Financial cost.
5, Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention have higher porosity and specific surface area, good sun from
Sub-commutativity and adsorptivity, absorption has the salt of cushioning effect in a large number, and cushioning effect is strong, keeps when external condition occurs fluctuation
Stablizing of physicochemical property, reduce to greatest extent cause because of the acid-base value of the materials such as nutritional solution and the fluctuation of salinity to planting
The injury of thing growth, and the buffering effect of cultivation matrix has good persistence, stability and long-lasting, reaches to be suitable to plant
The stable environment demand of thing growth, provides stable external environment for plant growing.
6, Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention contains a large amount of fiber, have good aeration, water-retaining property,
Nutrient preserving capability and the function of slow release nutrient, be difficult to subside, and service life is longer；Containing multiple natural plants growth regulator, as
Auximone, gibberellins, the basic element of cell division etc., can stimulate the generation of nonspecific factor in plant, regulates and endogenous swashs
The balance of element, promotes the photosynthesis of plant, increases phytomass accumulation, improves plant quality；Have multiple disease-resistant, anti-should
Swash the factor, such as acrylic acid, terpenes, bromination phenols and some sulfur-containing compound etc., many pathogen are all had inhibitory action, subtracts
Few soil-borne disease, reduces blight and occurs, improve the resistance of plant, has the biggest to improving plant to the adaptation ability of environment
Help.
7, Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention has facilitation to plant growing, and plant hat width is big, plants
Plant height, biomass accumulating value is high, sends out branch number many, and color and luster is dark green, and exterior quality is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.But these embodiments be only limitted to illustrate the present invention and not
For limiting the scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, to can be selected for carbendazim, benomyl, dimethachlon, anilazine, speed Poly, enemy's power de-etc. for antibacterial, this
Bright embodiment illustrates as a example by carbendazim.
The peat, the peat composed of rotten mosses that use in the embodiment of the present invention are purchased from vegetables fully stocked wood flowers market in Beijing；Soil is taken from
Eight nurseries of Beijing Lin great forestry science and technology limited company.
Embodiment 1
1, substrate conditioner is prepared
1-1) prepare raw material (Kg) according to following weight
Sargassum slag 30
Coir fibre 40
Phosphate rock 15
1-2) Sargassum slag, coir fibre, phosphate rock are pulverized respectively in Sargassum ground-slag, coir fibre powder, phosphate rock powder, its
The particle diameter of middle Sargassum ground-slag is 2～5mm；The particle diameter of coir fibre powder is 3.0～5.0cm；The particle diameter of phosphate rock powder be 2.5～
5.0mm, standby；
1-3) by Sargassum ground-slag, coir fibre powder, phosphate rock powder mix homogeneously, obtain cultivation matrix conditioner.
The cultivation matrix conditioner of the present invention is too high or too low mainly for the pH value of cultivation matrix, too high the showing of EC value
As, the pH value of substrate be can effectively adjust, the EC value of substrate, acid-base value and the Accommodation of soluble-salt content to substrate reduced
Substantially, regulation efficiency is high, and too high to pH value, too low and plant cultivation media that EC value is too high pH, EC value opsonic action is notable.
Natural pollution-free, the wide material sources of raw material of preparation, cheap, there is the feature such as degradable, environmental friendliness, have the most wide
Application prospect, and preparation method is simple, is suitable to large-scale use；Cultivation matrix conditioner contains a large amount of long fibre, has
Higher porosity and specific surface area, good cation commutativity, adsorptivity, water-retaining property, can adsorb and have buffering in a large number
The salt of effect, plays cushioning effect, hinders the rapid change of cultivation matrix pH value, makes outside nutrient or the fertilizer etc. of substrate itself
Source nutrient slowly discharges in cultivation matrix, and allows the most excessively to use fertilizer to be safe from harm plant；Conditioner has
Stronger cation commutativity and adsorptivity, can effectively absorb sodium, calcium, magnesium plasma, the notable pH adjusting cultivation matrix and
EC value, adjusts breathing and the growth of substrate acid or alkali environment, beneficially root system, promotes its absorption to nutrient, improves its sun simultaneously
Ion exchange capacity (CEC value), strengthens the preservation capacity of water and fertility of plant cultivation media, improves preservation capacity of water and fertility and the ventilation of cultivation matrix
Property, reducing Nutrient Leaching, play slow release nutrient effect, the growth for plant provides a stable matrix environment；Must be to cultivation
Training substrate is played a supporting role, and prevents cultivation matrix from collapse phenomenon occur, extends the service life of cultivation matrix, reduces and plant without soil
The Financial cost of training；In conditioner containing abundant a great number of elements (N, P, K, Ca, Na, Mg) and trace element (Fe, Cu, Zn,
Co, Mo, Mn, Ni), growth conditioning material (basic element of cell division, gibberellins, auxin, abscisic acid etc.) and multiple disease-resistant, anti-should
Swash the factor, such as acrylic acid, terpenes, bromination phenols and some sulfur-containing compound etc., both can balance supporting of plant cultivation media
Divide content, reduce the usage amount of external source fertilizer, the hormone being applicable to plant growing can be increased again, promote flowering of plant, extend
Many pathogen are all had inhibitory action again, reduce the soil-borne disease of cultivation matrix by leaf longevity, reduce blight and occur,
Improve the resistance of plant, to improving the plant adaptation ability to environment；The regulation effect of conditioner has persistence, stability
With long-lasting, with the addition of the plant cultivation media of conditioner of the present invention, along with the increase of cultivated days, pH, EC value of substrate by
Gradually in steady statue, stable external environment can be provided for plant growing；Cultivation matrix conditioner is nontoxic, harmless, suitably plants
Thing normal growth grow, can effectively strengthen plant nutrient absorb and root system development, promote phytomass accumulation and root system and
The growth of blade.
2, preparation Compound type plant cultivation matrix
2-1) prepare raw material (× 10Kg) according to following weight
Plant cultivation media 100
Substrate conditioner 20
Antibacterial 0.0015
Described antibacterial selects carbendazim；Plant cultivation media selects peat.
2-2) above-mentioned raw materials is joined in fermentation tank (Beijing Jingpuyuan Bio-engineering Co., Ltd.), add water, make to mix
The water content of compound reaches 60%, is uniformly mixed, and after standing 3 days, being dried to moisture content is 15%, obtains composite plant
Cultivation matrix.
Mixture water content after adding water in the embodiment of the present invention is that 60-65% is the most applicable；Time of repose is 2-3 days, quiet
Putting temperature is room temperature (usually 15-55 DEG C, preferably 20-35 DEG C).
The performance indications of the Compound type plant cultivation matrix of preparation detect as follows:
Unit weight, Maximum moisture capacity, total porosity, ventilating slit, water holding hole use core cutter method to measure, concrete assay method
As follows:
Taking the compound cultivation matrix air-dried prepared by the present embodiment and filling it up with volume is 200cm3Cutting ring, wherein cutting ring
Weight is W0, the gross weight of cultivation matrix and cutting ring is W1, then cutting ring and cultivation matrix are immersed in water, claim after soaking 24h
Weight, weight is W2, moisture in cutting ring is re-weighed (W after freely draining3).Finally, then cultivation matrix and cutting ring being put into temperature is
In 65 DEG C of baking ovens, dry to constant weight (W4).Calculate as follows:
Unit weight (g/cm3)=(W4-W0)/200
Maximum moisture capacity (%)=(W3-W1) × 100%/(W1-W0)
Total porosity (%)=(W2-W4) × 100%/200
Ventilating slit (%)=(W2-W3) × 100%/200
Water holding hole (%)=total porosity-ventilating slit
The granule grade of compound cultivation matrix uses sieve analysis to measure: the cultivation base air-dried prepared by the present embodiment
Matter is by the sieve (0.25,2.00mm) of different sizing grids, in each sieve till remaining sample mass conservation, and will be every
The sample that individual sieve sifts out is weighed.
Using pH meter and conductivity meter to measure substrate pH value, EC value, concrete assay method is as follows:
The cultivation matrix air-dried prepared by the present embodiment mixes with the ratio that hydromining solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:10 (W/V), shakes
Swing centrifugal filtration after 30min, use pH meter, conductivity meter to measure the pH value in filtrate and EC value；Ammonium acetate method is utilized to measure
The CEC value (cation exchange capacity (CEC)) of compound cultivation matrix.
Utilize Shimadzu TOC-5000A total organic carbon analyzer (Japanese), measure the full carbon of sample；Nitrogen uses kelvin
Nitriding measures；Phosphorus H2SO4-H2O2Method disappears and boils, and molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method measures；Potassium uses H2SO4-H2O2Method disappears and boils, flame luminosity
Meter method measures；A great number of elements (calcium, magnesium, sulfur) and trace element (ferrum, copper, manganese, zinc) use LEEMANLABS company of the U.S.
Prodigy ICP (Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer) is measured.
The performance indications testing result of the Compound type plant cultivation matrix of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Embodiment 2
Except step 2-1) in plant cultivation media select soil, the weight proportion of soil and plant cultivation media conditioner
For 100:30, soil is 10000:0.35 with the weight proportion of antibacterial；Step 2-2) in add the water content of aqueous mixtures and be
Outside 62%, remaining is same as in Example 1, and the Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance measurement result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Embodiment 3
Except step 2-1) in plant cultivation media select castoff compost substrate, castoff compost substrate and plant culture
The weight proportion of substrate conditioner is 100:35, and composting substrate is 10000:1.35 with the weight proportion of antibacterial；Step 2-2)
In add outside the water content of aqueous mixtures is 65%, remaining is same as in Example 1；Wherein, castoff compost substrate is according to as follows
Method is prepared from:
2-1-1) use pulverizer (Beijing crowd anticipate Dragon Lord machinery Co., Ltd) by garden waste branch (willow,
The branch that Sophora japonica L., willow etc. are pruned) it is ground into the granule of particle diameter≤1cm, prepare garbage granule, use Kjeldahl nitrogen determination
The nitrogen content of agriculture and forestry organic waste material granule；Potassium bichromate titrimetric method Outside Heating Method is used to measure having in agriculture and forestry organic waste material granule
Machine carbon content；
2-1-2) adding carbamide in garbage granule, the C/N ratio of regulation garbage granule is 25, prepares fermented manure
Grain；
In addition to using carbamide regulation garbage granule C/N ratio, it is also possible to use feces of livestock and poultry (such as cattle manure, chicken manure, horse
Excrement etc.) increase the nitrogen content of garbage.
In fermented abandoned composition granule, 2-1-3) add bent (Jing Pu garden, Beijing biology of fermenting agent debirs zymocyte
Engineering Co., Ltd) and water, and mix homogeneously so that the moisture content of garbage granule reaches 60%；Wherein, the use of fermenting agent
Amount is for adding debirs zymocyte song 0.5kg in every 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule, wherein, debirs zymocyte is bent
Middle living bacteria count >=200,000,000/g, pH value is 5.8, and effective viable bacteria contains actinomycetes, Thermophilic Bacteria, whiterot fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus decomposing
Bacterium, potassium solubilizing bacteria, cellulose-decomposing bacterium etc.；
The embodiment of the present invention use fermenting agent mainly include the four big floras such as antibacterial, fungus, actinomycetes, yeast
Tens strains (such as actinomycetes, Thermophilic Bacteria, whiterot fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, cellulose-decomposing bacterium etc.), have resistance to
Heat, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, fixed nitrogen and decomposition of cellulose function.
2-1-4) the fermentation wastes granule that moisture content is 60% that with the addition of fermenting agent is stacked in indoor, heap body base
Minister 2m, wide 1.5m, high 1m, carry out fermentation and bank up process, and monitor temperature and the moisture content of heap body；
2-1-5) when heap temperature reaches 55 DEG C, heap body is carried out turning process, strict control heap temperature≤70 DEG C, along with
The carrying out of fermentation, heap temperature is gradually lowered, and when heap temperature is less than 55 DEG C, within every 4 days, carries out turning process, until heap body temperature
After degree is reduced to room temperature (25 DEG C), it is further continued for banking up 12 days, and every 8 days carries out turning process, prepare castoff compost substrate,
Wherein, bank up in processing procedure in fermentation, start to calculate when heap body starts to ferment, within every 4 days, spray fermenting additive to heap body
Diluent (Bamboo vinegar solution diluent) once, sprays 10 times altogether, and the consumption of the Bamboo vinegar solution diluent every time sprayed is 100kg (dry weight)
Garbage granule sprays the Bamboo vinegar solution diluent 2L of preparation, wherein, the ratio of Bamboo vinegar solution and the volume of water in Bamboo vinegar solution diluent
For 1:1000, the pH value of Bamboo vinegar solution is 1.8, and density is 0.8g/ml；Organic acid content is 6%, and content of phenolic compounds is 5%,
I.e. during fermentation is banked up, every 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule sprays 20L Bamboo vinegar solution diluent altogether, say, that every
100kg (dry weight) garbage granule sprays 20ml Bamboo vinegar solution altogether；Meanwhile, when the moisture content of fermentation heap body is less than 45%, to heap
Body water spray reaches 60% to moisture content.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance measurement result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Embodiment 4
Prepare in substrate conditioner step except step 1-1) in prepare in addition to raw material according to following weight, remaining
Same as in Example 1:
Sargassum slag 40
Coir fibre 35
Phosphate rock 10
Preparation Compound type plant cultivation matrix during except step 2-1) in plant cultivation media select the peat composed of rotten mosses；Step 2-
2), outside standing 2 days in, remaining is same as in Example 1, the Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance measurement result of preparation such as table 1,2
Shown in.
Embodiment 5
Preparation Compound type plant cultivation matrix during except step 2-1) in plant cultivation media select agriculture and forestry organic waste material
Composting substrate, castoff compost substrate is 100:30, composting substrate and sterilization with the weight proportion of plant cultivation media conditioner
The weight proportion of agent is that outside 10000:0.15, remaining is the same as in Example 4, wherein said agriculture and forestry organic waste material composting substrate according to
Following steps are prepared from:
2-1-1) with agricultural wastes rice husk as raw material, measure organic carbon content and the nitrogen content of agricultural wastes rice husk；
2-1-2) adding carbamide in garbage rice husk granule, the C/N ratio of regulation garbage granule is 30, prepares fermentation heap
Fertile granule；
2-1-3) in fermented abandoned composition granule, add fermenting agent debirs zymocyte song and water spray mix homogeneously,
The moisture content making garbage granule reaches 65%；Wherein, during the consumption of fermenting agent is every 100kg garbage granule (dry weight)
Adding debirs zymocyte song 1.0kg, wherein, living bacteria count >=200,000,000/g in debirs zymocyte song, pH value is
6.0, effective viable bacteria contains actinomycetes, Thermophilic Bacteria, whiterot fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, cellulose-decomposing bacterium etc.；
2-1-4) the fermentation wastes granule that moisture content is 65% that with the addition of fermenting agent is stacked in indoor, heap body base
Minister 2m, wide 1.5m, high 1m, carry out fermentation and bank up process, and monitor temperature and the moisture content of heap body；
2-1-5) when heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, heap body is carried out turning process, strict control heap temperature≤70 DEG C, work as heap
When temperature is less than 55 DEG C, within every 10 days, carry out turning process, until after heap temperature reaches room temperature (24 DEG C), be further continued for banking up 18
My god, and carry out turning process in every 10 days, prepare agriculture and forestry organic waste material composting substrate, wherein, bank up in processing procedure in fermentation, from
Heap body starts when starting to ferment to calculate, and within every 10 days, sprays fermenting additive diluent (wood vinegar diluent) once to heap body, altogether
Spraying 6 times, the consumption of the wood vinegar diluent every time sprayed is the wood vinegar spraying preparation in 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule
Diluent 3L, wherein wood vinegar is 1:1000 with the ratio of the volume of water, and the pH value of wood vinegar is 2.2, and density is 0.8g/ml, has
Machine acid content is 6%, and content of phenolic compounds is 8%.I.e. during fermentation is banked up, every 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule
Spray 18L wood vinegar diluent altogether, say, that every 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule sprays 18ml wood vinegar altogether；Meanwhile,
When the moisture content of fermentation heap body is less than 45%, reach 65% to heap body water spray to moisture content.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance measurement result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Embodiment 6
Prepare in substrate conditioner step except step 1-1) in prepare in addition to raw material according to following weight, remaining
Same as in Example 1:
Sargassum slag 50
Coir fibre 45
Phosphate rock 25
Soil, soil and plant cultivation substrate is selected except plant cultivation media during preparation Compound type plant cultivation matrix
The weight proportion of matter conditioner is 100:25, and soil is outside 10000:1.35 with the weight proportion of antibacterial, remaining and enforcement
Example 1 is identical, and the Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance measurement result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Embodiment 7
Preparation Compound type plant cultivation matrix during except step 2-1) in plant cultivation media select agriculture and forestry organic waste material
Composting substrate, castoff compost substrate is 100:20, composting substrate and sterilization with the weight proportion of plant cultivation media conditioner
The weight proportion of agent is that outside 10000:1.5, remaining is same as in Example 6, and wherein castoff compost substrate is in accordance with the following steps
It is prepared from:
2-1-1) use pulverizer that agriculture and forestry organic waste material maize cob meal is broken into the granule of a length of 0.25～1.0cm, prepare
Garbage granule, measures organic carbon content and the nitrogen content of garbage granule simultaneously；
2-1-2) adding carbamide in corn cob granule, the C/N ratio of adjusting corn slug particle is 27, prepares fermented manure
Grain；
2-1-3) in fermented abandoned composition granule, add fermenting agent debirs zymocyte song and water, and mix homogeneously,
The moisture content making garbage granule reaches 63%；Wherein, during the consumption of fermenting agent is every 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule
Adding debirs zymocyte song 0.8kg, wherein, living bacteria count >=200,000,000/g in debirs zymocyte song, pH value is
7.0, effective viable bacteria contains actinomycetes, Thermophilic Bacteria, whiterot fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, cellulose-decomposing bacterium etc.；
2-1-4) the fermentation wastes granule that moisture content is 63% that with the addition of fermenting agent is stacked in indoor, heap body base
Minister 2m, wide 1.5m, high 1m, carry out fermentation and bank up process, and monitor temperature and the moisture content of heap body；
2-1-5) when heap temperature reaches 65 DEG C, heap body is carried out turning process, strict control heap temperature≤70 DEG C, along with
The carrying out of fermentation, heap temperature is gradually lowered, and when heap temperature is less than 55 DEG C, within every 7 days, carries out turning process, until heap body temperature
After degree is reduced to room temperature (22 DEG C), it is further continued for banking up 15 days, and every 12 days carry out turning process, prepare agriculture and forestry organic waste material compost
Substrate, wherein, banks up in processing procedure in fermentation, starts to calculate when heap body starts to ferment, within every 7 days, sprays fermentation to heap body and adds
Adding dilution agent liquid (Bamboo vinegar solution diluent) once, spray 11 times altogether, the consumption of the Bamboo vinegar solution diluent every time sprayed is 100kg
(dry weight) garbage granule sprays the Bamboo vinegar solution diluent 1.5L of preparation, wherein, Bamboo vinegar solution and water in Bamboo vinegar solution diluent
The ratio of volume is 1:1000, and the pH value of Bamboo vinegar solution is 2.1, and density is 1.04g/ml, and organic acid content is 7.5%, phenols chemical combination
Thing content is 4.8%, and i.e. during fermentation is banked up, every 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule sprays the dilution of 16.5L Bamboo vinegar solution altogether
Liquid, say, that every 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule sprays 16.5ml Bamboo vinegar solution altogether；Meanwhile, when the moisture content of fermentation heap body
During less than 45%, reach 63% to heap body water spray to moisture content.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance measurement result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Embodiment 8
Prepare in substrate conditioner step except step 1-1) in prepare in addition to raw material according to following weight, remaining
Same as in Example 1:
Sargassum slag 35
Coir fibre 38
Phosphate rock 20
Peat, peat and plant cultivation substrate is selected except plant cultivation media during preparation Compound type plant cultivation matrix
The weight proportion of matter conditioner is 100:20, and peat is outside 10000:0.5 with the weight proportion of antibacterial, remaining and embodiment
1 is identical, and the Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance measurement result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Embodiment 9
Agriculture and forestry organic waste material composting substrate is selected except plant cultivation media during preparation Compound type plant cultivation matrix, useless
Gurry composting substrate is 100:45 with the weight proportion of plant cultivation media conditioner, composting substrate and the weight proportion of antibacterial
Outside 10000:0.05, remaining is the same as in Example 8, wherein, described castoff compost substrate prepare in accordance with the following steps and
Become:
2-1-1) use pulverizer that garden waste grass cuttings is ground into the granule of particle diameter 0.25～0.50cm, prepare discarded
Composition granule；
2-1-2) adding carbamide in garbage granule, the C/N ratio of regulation garbage granule is 25, prepares fermented manure
Grain；
2-1-3) in fermented abandoned composition granule, add fermenting agent debirs zymocyte song and water, and mix homogeneously,
The moisture content making garbage granule reaches 62%；Wherein, during the consumption of fermenting agent is every 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule
Adding debirs zymocyte song 1.25kg, wherein, living bacteria count >=200,000,000/g in debirs zymocyte song, pH value is
6.4, effective viable bacteria contains actinomycetes, Thermophilic Bacteria, whiterot fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, cellulose-decomposing bacterium etc.；
2-1-4) the fermentation wastes granule that moisture content is 62% that with the addition of fermenting agent is stacked in indoor, heap body base
Minister 2m, wide 1.5m, high 1m, carry out fermentation and bank up process, and monitor temperature and the moisture content of heap body；
2-1-5) when heap temperature reaches 55 DEG C, heap body is carried out turning process, strict control heap temperature≤70 DEG C, along with
The carrying out of fermentation, heap temperature is gradually lowered, and when heap temperature is less than 55 DEG C, within every 5 days, carries out turning process, until heap body temperature
After degree is reduced to room temperature (20 DEG C), it is further continued for banking up 23 days, and every 9 days carry out turning process, prepare agriculture and forestry organic waste material compost
Substrate, wherein, banks up in processing procedure in fermentation, starts to calculate when heap body starts to ferment, within every 5 days, sprays fermentation to heap body and adds
Adding dilution agent liquid (wood vinegar diluent) once, spray 14 times altogether, the consumption of the wood vinegar diluent every time sprayed is 100kg
(dry weight) garbage granule sprays the wood vinegar diluent 2.5L of preparation, wherein, wood vinegar and water in wood vinegar diluent
The ratio of volume is 1:1000, and the pH value of wood vinegar is 3, and density is 1.4g/ml；Organic acid content is 9%, content of phenolic compounds
It is 8%.I.e. during fermentation is banked up, every 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule sprays 35L wood vinegar diluent altogether, namely
Saying, every 100kg (dry weight) garbage granule sprays 35ml wood vinegar altogether；Meanwhile, when the moisture content of fermentation heap body is less than 45%,
62% is reached to moisture content to heap body water spray.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance measurement result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Reference examples 1
Prepare during plant cultivation media conditioner except step 1-1) in without Sargassum slag in addition to, remaining is with real
Execute example 1 identical.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance indications testing result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Reference examples 2
Prepare during plant cultivation media conditioner except step 1-1) in without coir fibre in addition to, remaining with
Embodiment 1 is identical.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance indications testing result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Reference examples 3
Prepare during plant cultivation media conditioner except step 1-1) in without phosphate rock in addition to, remaining is with real
Execute example 1 identical.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance indications testing result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Reference examples 4
Preparing during plant cultivation media conditioner in addition to only adding phosphate rock, remaining is same as in Example 1.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance indications testing result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Reference examples 5
Preparing during plant cultivation media conditioner in addition to only adding Sargassum slag, remaining is same as in Example 1.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance indications testing result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Reference examples 6
Prepare during plant cultivation media conditioner in addition to only adding coir fibre, remaining and embodiment 1 phase
With.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance indications testing result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2.
Reference examples 7
Preparation Compound type plant cultivation matrix during except step 2-1) in without cultivation matrix conditioner in addition to,
Remaining is same as in Example 1.
The Compound type plant cultivation matrix performance indications testing result of preparation is as shown in table 1,2,3.
The basic physical behavior of table 1 cultivation matrix
Result of the test in table 1 shows:
1, the unit weight of Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention is 0.3845-0.4131g/cm3, meet plant raw
Long cultivation matrix unit weight (0.1-0.8g/cm3) requirement, and reached the optimum of the cultivation matrix unit weight of plant growing
(about 0.4000g/cm3) requirement, contrast with the unit weight of reference examples 1-7, closer to optimal value of bulk density, show cultivation prepared by the present invention
Training mixed-matrix ratio is more loose, and permeability is good, and fixing plant performance is good.
2, the total porosity of Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention is 64.31-79.92%, and ventilating slit reaches
To 31.28-39.05%, show Compound type plant cultivation matrix aeration and good water-retaining property, beneficially plant roots prepared by the present invention
The Repiration of system, accelerates to absorb cultivation matrix nutrient；Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention is
Big retention ability reaches 2.59-2.90%, and water holding hole reaches 32.37-40.87%, and composite plant prepared by the present invention is described
The water absorbing capacity of cultivation matrix is strong, all can be equivalent to the water yield of own wt about 2.59-2.90 times by sticking, can be that plant offer is filled
The moisture condition of foot, reduces irrigation times, using water wisely, streamlining management measure.
3, showing according to the study: in the granule fractional analysis of plant cultivation media, the particulate percentages of 0.25-2.00mm is more
Greatly, show that the physicochemical property of cultivation matrix is the most excellent.0.25-2.00mm in Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention
Particulate percentages is 56.07-65.03%, is better than the particulate percentages of reference examples 1-7, can be that the growth of plant provides one
Good physical environment.
4, the performance indications such as the aeration of Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention, water-retaining property, unit weight all meet
The requirement of plant growth medium, meets the requirement of soilless culture solid matrix.
5, the Compound type plant cultivation matrix unit weight that prepared by the present invention is suitable, substrate is loosened, and hole is many, and aeration is good, is beneficial to
The growth of Rhizoma Marantae arundinaceae and the conversion of substrate nutrient, can meet the cat's eye arrowroot growth demand to water, gas, nutrient etc., promote that it is being given birth to
The accumulation of Biomass during long growth.
The basic chemical property of table 2 cultivation matrix
The basic chemical property of table 3 cultivation matrix
Result of the test in table 2,3 shows:
1, showing according to the study, plant cultivation media pH uses less than 0.5mS/cm, optimum in the range of 5.2-6.5, EC value
Carry out cultivated plant.The acid-base value of Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention is faintly acid, and pH is 5.39-6.11；EC value
For 0.20-0.43mS/cm, the pH of reference examples 1-7 be 7.42-8.47, EC value be 1.03-1.61mS/cm, illustrate prepared by the present invention
The acid-base value of Compound type plant cultivation matrix and soluble-salt content effectively reduce compared with reference examples, meet soilless culture base
The requirement of matter, it is possible to provide stable matrix growth environment for plant, to plant nonhazardous effect and harmful effect, do not affect cultivation
The nutrient balance of training substrate.
2, showing according to the study, the size of plant cultivation media cation exchange capacity (CEC) (CEC value), substantially represent it may
The nutrient quantity kept, i.e. the height of nutrient preserving capability, can be as the index evaluating substrate fertilizer-preserving ability.Prepared by the present invention compound
The CEC value of plant cultivation media is 121.03-178.42cmol/kg, and the CEC value of reference examples 1-7 is 48.87-95.10cmol/
Kg, illustrates that the CEC value size of Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention effectively raises compared with reference examples, and it has relatively
High fertilizer-preserving ability, with balanced cultivation substrate nutrient content, can reduce the nutrient loss of cultivation matrix, and the growth for plant provides
Sufficient nutrient.
3, in the cultivation mixed-matrix that prepared by the present invention, carbon content is 53.32-70.58%, and nitrogen content is 5.18-
7.03%, phosphorus content is 1.02-1.98%, and potassium content is 0.73-1.06%, and calcium content is 1.43-1.70%, and content of magnesium is
0.65-0.94%, sulfur content is 9.87-11.86%, and iron content is 16.90 × 10-3-20.13×10-3%, copper content is
0.52×10-3-0.71×10-3%, Fe content is 14.99 × 10-3-17.35×10-3%, Zn content is 1.70 × 10-3-
1.92×10-3%, shows that the trophic structure of Compound type plant cultivation matrix prepared by the present invention is reasonable, it is simple to plant absorption, for
Plant growing provides sufficient nutrient, meets plant growing needs.
The pot experiment of test example 1 cat's eye arrowroot
It is respectively adopted embodiment of the present invention 1-9 and reference examples in flowers company of Watershed, Daxing County, Beijing City cat's eye arrowroot cultivation greenhouse
The cultivation matrix of 1-7 carries out the pot experiment of cat's eye arrowroot.Full-automatic temperature-controlling, scavenging utilities in greenhouse, it is possible to ensure in test
Period, provide a metastable suitable growth environment for material to be tested.
Choose plant height about 15cm, leaf growth healthy and strong consistent, root system is complete, cat's eye arrowroot (Calathea without pest and disease damage
Veitchiana Veitch ex Hook.f.) seedling, it is placed in the plastic flowerpot of 180mm × 160mm, carries out pot experiment,
Each cultivation matrix is a process, and each process carries out 60 repetitions, and the most each cultivation matrix cultivates 60 strain cat's eye arrowroots, basin
Strain of planting uses completely random to put.In addition to cultivation matrix, other environmental condition all keeps consistent with cultivation management measure.Upper basin
Latter about 180 days, cat's eye arrowroot all reached the most productive period of nourishing and growing, and each process is randomly selected 10 strains, is taken out by plant and cleans, measures
Growth indexes, measure and record the plant height of plant, the longest root length, be always preced with width, to send out branch number (leaf length > 10cm), root fresh weight, leaf fresh
Weight, drying root weight, drying leaf weight, root index and leaf pigment concentration etc., measurement result is respectively as shown in table 4-7.
Table 4 different substrates processes cat's eye arrowroot plant height, the longest root length, total hat width and the impact sending out branch number
Table 5 different substrates processes the impact on cat's eye arrowroot root index
Table 6 different substrates processes the impact on cat's eye arrowroot Biomass
Table 7 different substrates processes the impact on cat's eye arrowroot leaf pigment concentration
Result of the test in table 4-7 shows:
1, the Rhizoma Marantae arundinaceae shoot and leaf growth using the Compound type plant cultivation matrix plantation of the present invention is sturdy, sends out branch number many, color and luster
Dark green, exterior quality is good.
2, the Compound type plant cultivation matrix using the present invention cultivates cat's eye arrowroot, the substrate facilitation to plant strain growth
Significantly, in the plant strain growth later stage, hat width is big, and plant is high, and biomass accumulation height, root dry weight accumulation reaches 58.74-
74.52g/ strain, leaf dry weight accumulation reaches 54.73-76.30g/ strain, and the accumulation of Biomass is higher than reference examples, effectively facilitates opal
The biomass accumulation of Rhizoma Marantae arundinaceae, improves sight and the quality of plant.
Test example 2 resiliency is tested
Compound cultivation matrix, peat, soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses and reality prepared by embodiment of the present invention 1-9 and reference examples 1-7
Execute the agriculture and forestry organic waste material composting substrate in example 3,5,7,9 to put into culture dish and be placed in calorstat, at 25 DEG C, cultivate 8 days, every 2 days
Measuring pH and the EC value of a cultivation matrix, each process repeats for 15 times, and measurement result is shown in Table 8,9.
PH value measurement result before and after the cultivation of table 8 cultivation matrix
EC pH-value determination pH before and after the cultivation of table 9 cultivation matrix
Result of the test in table 8,9 shows:
1, the cultivation matrix conditioner adding the present invention can effectively adjust the pH value of cultivation matrix, reduce EC value, to base
The acid-base value of matter and the Accommodation of soluble-salt content are obvious, and regulation efficiency is high.
2, the acid-base value of cultivation matrix is regulated notable by the cultivation matrix conditioner of the present invention, can make the cultivation that pH value is too high
The pH value of training substrate significantly reduces 2～3 numerical value, makes the pH value of the too low cultivation matrix of pH value significantly raise 1 numerical value；To can
The reduction of soluble content reaches more than 4 times so that the substrate after adjustment reaches to be suitable to the scope of plant growing.
3, along with the increase to substrate cultivated days, pH, EC value of substrate gradually tends towards stability state, shows that the present invention plants
The opsonic action of training substrate conditioner has persistence, stability and long-lasting, and the stable environment reaching to be suitable to plant growing needs
Ask, provide stable external environment for plant growing.
Claims (10)
1. a plant cultivation matrix conditioner, is characterized in that including Sargassum slag, coir fibre and phosphate rock.
2. conditioner as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the weight portion of described Sargassum slag, coir fibre and phosphate rock is joined
Ratio is 25-60:20-55:5-30, preferably 30-50:35-45:10-25.
3. the preparation method of a plant cultivation matrix conditioner, is characterized in that by Sargassum slag, coir fibre and phosphate rock respectively
After pulverizing, mix homogeneously and get final product.
4. a preparation method for Compound type plant cultivation matrix, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) by plant cultivation media, plant cultivation media conditioner and antibacterial mix homogeneously；
2) add water in mixture, and after stirring, stand 3-5 days；
3) it is dried to moisture content≤15%, to obtain final product.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that step 1) described in plant cultivation media and plant cultivation substrate
The weight of matter conditioner is 100:20-45；Described plant cultivation media is 10000 with the weight of antibacterial:
0.05-1.5。
6. the preparation method as described in claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that described plant cultivation media selects castoff compost base
Matter, peat, the peat composed of rotten mosses, soil.
7. the preparation method as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that described plant cultivation media conditioner include Sargassum slag,
Coir fibre, phosphate rock.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that the Sargassum slag in described plant cultivation media conditioner, coconut husk
The weight of fiber and phosphate rock is 25-60:20-55:5-30.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that described plant cultivation media conditioner is made as follows
For forming: after Sargassum slag, coir fibre and phosphate rock are pulverized respectively, mix homogeneously.
10. a Compound type plant cultivation matrix, is characterized in that being prepared from according to method as described in claim 3-9 is arbitrary.
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| CN108129235A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-08 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of ion type rareearth ore tailings ground modifying agent and vegetation reclamation method |
| CN109429993A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-08 | 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 | A kind of cultivation matrix of the algae-residue containing asparagus and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113331004A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-03 | 安徽朴茂农业科技有限公司 | Synergist potting experiment method |
| CN114451255A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-05-10 | 马鞍山源之美农业科技有限公司 | Hybrid green vegetable seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114402826A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-04-29 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Simple and efficient seedling raising method for rubber tree seedling bud grafting seedlings |
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