CN115280928A - Construction method for planting micro landscape in flower environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for planting a micro landscape in a flower environment, which comprises the following steps: carrying out external transportation, foreign soil replacement, planting soil backfilling, soil type selection and disinfection on inferior soil which is not suitable for plant growth; paying off according to a drawing, and scattering a gray mark on the curve boundary of the planting area; forming a terrain; building and structure arrangement; adjusting seedlings to the field; planting plants; edging; and (5) maintenance management. The invention can quickly build small and micro space landscape flower environment, which is small but much arranged at each position of a city, is beneficial to covering gray matter in the city by more flower quality and green quality while decorating living environment, better relieves urban heat island effect, controls and utilizes urban rainfall flood, and improves urban comfort. The adaptability is focused on to ensure that the plants grow strongly and the small plant communities are stable.

Description

Construction method for planting micro-landscape in flower field

Technical Field

The invention relates to a construction method for planting a micro-landscape in a flower field, belonging to the technical field of gardens.

Background

In recent years, as the housing price of large and medium-sized cities is increased, the volume ratio is increased, the land is added, and the high building density planning design leads to the great compression of the public activity space outside the resident. The new policies of the territorial space planning, such as resource demand for stocks, space demand for stocks and quality demand for stocks, guide the city expansion from incremental development to stock development for improving the quality of life of citizens. The small micro-space molding and quality upgrading of ecological restoration and urban repair provides a wide market space for building urban micro-space landscapes.

The mixed flower environment mainly comprises bulbous roots and perennial roots, is matched with flower shrubs, perennial flowers and a small amount of ornamental grass, is combined with a small amount of annual and biennial grass flowers, is matched together and mixed for planting, achieves natural harmony in form, color and season, and is a strip-shaped or spot-shaped natural scene which is from nature and is higher than nature. Through extraction by designers, the application of diversified plants and colorful plants is reproduced by using an artistic method. The development from bionics to ecological nature. The existing flower mirrors are generally flower beds, flower belts, flower clusters and flower stands, although the environment can be beautified to a certain degree, the urban 'heat island' effect cannot be relieved, and urban rain and flood cannot be effectively controlled and utilized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a construction method for planting the micro-landscape in the florescence, which is beneficial to covering more flowers, picture quality and greenness on grey matter in a city while decorating the living environment, better relieving the heat island effect of the city, controlling and utilizing the urban rainfall flood and improving the urban comfort.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a construction method for planting a micro landscape in a floriculture, which comprises the following steps:

carrying out external transportation, foreign soil replacement, planting soil backfilling, soil type selection and disinfection on inferior soil which is not suitable for plant growth; paying off according to a drawing, and scattering a gray mark on the curve boundary of the planting area; forming a terrain; building and structure arrangement; adjusting seedlings to the field; planting plants; edging; and (5) maintenance management.

Preferably, the method for modeling terrain comprises:

the method comprises the following steps of (1) field trimming, turning over a planting area, carrying out rough leveling, fine leveling and earthwork modeling on the field, cleaning the field, lofting the terrain, removing garbage, turning over soil, stacking the terrain, leveling the terrain, cleaning the terrace, layering and paving the soil, raking the soil and compacting the soil;

according to the vertical design, checking the elevation of the top of the slope, the elevation of the bottom of the slope, the slope length and the ridge line of the slope, and adjusting the shape;

fertile soil which is loose and rich in organic matters is used as planting surface soil, fully fermented organic matters are used for improving the soil, the improved soil is used for planting flowers, culture soil is added according to the habit of the planted plants, the depth is 20-30 cm, or the soil is turned over deeply 30cm after fertilization, so that the fertilizer and the soil are fully and uniformly mixed.

Preferably, the seedling adjusting to the field comprises:

lifting seedlings: spraying water before the selected nursery stocks are excavated, binding the excavated soil balls with straw ropes, dropping the plants, pruning after the seedlings are excavated, covering the soil balls and preserving water;

and (3) transportation: loading the seedlings in the daytime, starting at night, spraying leaf surface water once after loading, loading a plurality of nursery gardens, covering the seedlings on the nursery gardens with a sunshade net, covering with tarpaulin after loading all the seedlings on the nursery gardens, and protecting the seedlings;

entering a nursery stock into a field: building a shade shed in advance, unloading the nursery stocks to a shade place after the nursery stocks arrive at the site, placing the potted nursery stocks in order, watering enough water, trimming the deciduous plants for the second time, and trimming the evergreen plants according to the landscape effect.

Preferably, the method for planting a plant includes:

planting background skeleton plants, wherein the plane layout forms an inequilateral triangular relationship, or a ribbon-shaped combination, a semi-enclosed combination and a free patch-shaped combination, the blooming height of the background plants is 80 to 200cm when the vertical plane is configured, and the colors of the background plants are white or dark green;

the planting hole groove is vertically dug downwards, the upper opening and the lower bottom are equal in size according to the root system of the seedling, the diameter of the soil ball and the soil condition, the soil is filled and layered and compacted by more than 20cm from the periphery to the bottom, the planting depth is consistent with the original planting line, and tree trays are covered by barks, flowers, cobblestones, porcelain granules or other forms;

configuring a landscape stone when the flowering height of the mesoscape plant is 30-80cm and the flowering height of the foreground plant is below 30cm, burying the landscape stone 1/4 of the length in the soil, and configuring shrubs and ground covers around the landscape stone;

the proportion of the rough plants and the delicate plants is 1;

drainage ditches are reserved on the boundaries of different regions, and waterlogging is drained in time in rainy seasons.

Preferably, the edging method is: the width of lawn band is 80-90cm, the width of bush band is 40-50cm, emerald sedum lineare band is made, before lawn is laid, the soil layer of lawn bed in the depth of 25cm is scarified, fertilized and yellow sand and peat soil are added, and the content of sand is controlled at 10-15%.

Preferably, the maintenance management method includes:

maintaining after planting: watering root fixing water thoroughly, and supplementing water in time by combining weather and seedling conditions;

and (4) maintaining in a growth period: intertillage and fertilization are carried out to supplement various nutrients consumed by the growth of plants in the soil and improve the soil structure and the soil texture;

and (3) pest control: the pesticide is used for preventing and treating fungal diseases, bacterial diseases and viral diseases.

The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: the invention can quickly build small and micro space landscape flower environment, which is small but much arranged at each position of a city, is beneficial to covering gray matter in the city by more flower quality and green quality while decorating living environment, better relieves urban heat island effect, controls and utilizes urban rainfall flood, and improves urban comfort. The adaptability is focused on to ensure that the plants grow strongly and the small plant communities are stable.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

Example 1

The invention provides a construction method for planting a micro-landscape in a flower environment, which comprises the following steps:

1. site reconnaissance

And after the construction drawing is thoroughly researched, carrying out construction project site investigation. The method is characterized in that the environmental characteristics of the flower environment such as soil type, wind direction, rainfall drainage, illumination conditions and the like are known, and the construction organization design which is corresponding to the construction site and has pertinence is compiled according to the characteristics of the size, the importance degree, the peripheral planting varieties and the like of the construction site of the flower environment. And creating a computer drawing or hand drawing flower environment effect model fused with the surrounding environment, performing simulated terrain modeling, plant configuration, color expression and the like, and realizing visual three-dimensional or dynamic technical background crossing.

2. Soil improvement

The soil is compatible with soil, the physical and chemical properties of the planting soil are checked, the structure is loose, the air permeability, the water retention and fertilizer retention capacity are strong, the drainage is good, the soil is rich in organic matters, and the soil with good physical and chemical properties is suitable for growth of garden plants. Through the detection of soil solution pH value, soil solution conductivity, soil organic matter, soil volume weight, soil ventilation porosity, effective soil layer thickness and other items, clay and sandy soil need to be improved to reach the particle composition standard of loam. Poor soil which is not suitable for plant growth, such as hardened soil, sandy soil and the like, is replaced by foreign transportation soil. And backfilling the planting soil, and selecting soil types. Disinfection is preferably carried out, and the germination index is more than 80 percent.

3. Positioning pay-off

And paying off according to a drawing, approving the high-program control outside the field to manufacture the piles, and introducing elevation, elevation master control piles and grid piles inside the field. And (5) spraying gray marks on the curve boundaries of the planting areas. The regions are delineated from global to local. And setting the area of different nursery stock specifications and the shape of the patch boundary by paying off lines in each area from coarse to fine. Such as white sand water system lofting, tent location, bent bridge location and nursery stock planting lofting, the location unwrapping wire runs through in whole work progress. Attention is paid to the bottom-of-the-graph relationship of the large surface, the texture of each spatial relationship and the smoothness thereof.

4. Terrain modelling

(1) And (3) field trimming, ploughing a planting area, breaking large soil blocks, removing impurities and large blocky particles which cannot be broken, and ploughing deeply by 40-50cm in the first year. Before backfilling earthwork, a pipeline nearby is arranged, the thickness of a soil layer, the soil quality and the like are arranged. And carrying out rough leveling, fine leveling and earthwork modeling on the field. Cleaning a field, lofting the terrain, removing garbage, turning soil, stacking the terrain, leveling the terrain, cleaning and leveling a terrace, paving the soil in layers, raking the land and compacting the soil.

(2) According to the vertical design, the elevation of the top of the slope, the elevation of the bottom of the slope, the slope length and the ridge line of the slope are checked one by one, the modeling is properly adjusted in place according to accurate understanding and control of hiding and exposing, opening and closing and the like of the space, and the effects of fluctuating height, multiple changes of the ridge line of the slope, natural transition of the slope and integration with the surrounding terrain and environment are achieved. The topography is full, the fluctuation is even, smooth and smooth. The road surface is shaped like a turtle back, a slope and the like, the edge of the road surface is 3 to 5cm lower than the road surface or the road teeth, the surface is smooth, and no hollow is formed. Considering the natural soil deposition, the height of the filled land is higher than the designed elevation, which is generally 1/8 to 1/10 of the filling depth.

(3) The loose fertile soil rich in organic matters is used as planting surface soil. The fully fermented organic matter is used for improving soil, and the improved soil is used for planting flowers. After the higher plants are planted and before ground cover plants are planted, the covered planting soil is fully finely crushed and leveled again, smooth micro-terrain is shaped, the design is not clear in gradient, about 4% of the soil is beneficial to drainage, the drainage is guaranteed to be smooth, and the phenomenon of water accumulation is avoided. The height of the inner plant is lower than the design standard height and is raised by soil. According to the habit of the planted plant, culture soil is added with a depth of 20-30 cm. Or deeply turning over for 30cm after fertilizing to fully and uniformly mix the fertilizer and the soil.

5. Arrangement of buildings and structures

If there is a garden path separating different plots or organizing tour routes, a platform square for tourists to rest and enjoy sightseeing, a small water system for water absorption, water storage, water seepage and water purification in rainy days and for fire water, irrigation water and waterscape water, water and electricity supporting facilities, a tent of a housekeeper, a short wood pile revetment of a white sand abstract water system, and a transition between the housekeeper and the garden represent decoration articles such as a wooden curved bridge to be positioned in a paying-off way, and construction is carried out.

6. Regulating seedlings to the field

(1) And (4) lifting seedlings, and properly spraying water if the viscous soil of the nursery garden is dry before the selected seedlings are excavated, so that the soil ball is favorably excavated. Sandy soil can never be watered before digging. The dug soil balls are bound by straw ropes, so that the soil balls are protected, the integrity of the soil balls is guaranteed, the damage to root systems is reduced, and the survival rate of nursery stocks is improved. And (4) cutting fallen leaves, trimming, covering soil balls and preserving water. At present, container seedlings of a multipurpose nursery garden are directly transported and loaded on a vehicle.

(2) Transportation, loading in daytime and starting at night as far as possible, and reducing the damage of high-temperature transportation to the nursery stocks. If necessary, spraying the leaf surface water once after loading. And (3) loading a plurality of nursery gardens, covering the nursery stocks on the nursery gardens by using a sunshade net, covering tarpaulins after all the nursery stocks are loaded, and protecting the nursery stocks.

(3) And (4) putting the nursery stocks into the field, building a shade shed in advance, and quickly unloading the nursery stocks to a shade place after the nursery stocks arrive at the field. The potted seedlings are placed neatly and watered sufficiently. The upper limit of water sprinkling is that soil balls of the field-planted seedlings are not scattered. And (4) pruning the deciduous plants twice to obtain survival rate, and pruning the evergreen plants according to landscape effect requirements.

(4) Before the nursery stock is planted, preparation works such as land preparation, soil improvement, fixed-point paying-off, terrain shaping and the like are completed.

7. Plant cultivation

(1) Planting plants with a skeleton in a background, and arranging the plants in a plane to form an inequilateral triangular relation as much as possible, or a ribbon-shaped combination, a semi-enclosed combination and a free patch-shaped combination. The vertical surface configuration pays attention to plant type comparison and the quantity ratio of different plant types, the blooming height of the background plant is 80 to 200cm, and the color of the background plant can adopt white or dark green so as to generate comparison and highlight the gorgeous flower situation landscape. Attention is paid to the relationship of height, density, primary and secondary, virtual and real, composition and community. The principle is that taller plants are located at the back or high, and shorter plants are planted at the front or around, progressing from high to low up to the border of the plot.

The planting hole groove is vertically dug downwards, the upper opening and the lower bottom are equal in size according to the root system of the seedling, the diameter of the soil ball and the soil condition, the soil discharging balls are larger than 20cm around and at the bottom, the filling is layered and treaded, and the planting depth is consistent with the original planting line. Bark, flowers, cobblestones, porcelain granules or other forms are used for covering the tree tray to prevent soil exposure.

(2) Planting of plants with focus of middle view

The medium scene is the focus of sight of tourists, the general flowering height is 30 to 80cm, and the medium scene is rich and variable and is bright in color. The flower situation is not only the plant, but also the story and the scene during design, and does not reject any creativity and idea. Aiming at creating visual focus, such as planting plants among rock seams, and doping moisture-preserving and breathable materials such as moss, peat and the like into planting soil. The main scenery is arranged at the middle scenery position and can appear repeatedly. The variety of the plants is enriched as much as possible, the effect of moving the landscape is achieved, the four-season difference is taught, and people can enjoy various characteristic landscapes in different seasons through scientific and reasonable collocation.

(3) Prospect plant planting

The foreground plants generally require a flowering height of less than 30cm, compactness and low stature. When the seedlings are planted, the seedlings are planted at a certain angle according to the terrain, and the beautiful side is displayed in front of people. After planting, the planting soil is tamped to prevent large-scale settlement and deformation caused by rain or watering maintenance. If the landscape stone is arranged, the landscape stone is buried into the soil by about 1/4, and shrubs and ground quilts are arranged around the landscape stone, so that the landscape stone is naturally vivid.

(4) Seedling complementary fine adjustment

The complementarity of plant materials mainly refers to the complementation of flower and leaf and the complementation of texture. Some plants have high ornamental value of flower but low ornamental value of leaf, such as day lily, chinese rose, etc., and other plants have long green period but short flowering period or low ornamental value of leaf. When in preparation, different plants are combined and interplanted, and flowers and leaves are complementary, so that an excellent effect can be achieved. The flower environment landscape has both focus and spatial layering, the proportion of general rough plants and delicate plants is 1.

In regions with little climate difference, the combination and collocation can be carried out according to the local plant varieties which are adapted to the regional environmental conditions, and the modular rapid planting of the florescence is formed. Herbaceous and woody flowers, evergreen and perennial plants, ornamental flowers and ornamental leaves and the like are reasonably grouped, the plants grow together while the picture is beautiful, and the natural landscape arrangement with low cost follows the traditional garden making concept of China. Mostly, the pot seedlings can be moved to test placement, and the pot seedlings are planted after satisfaction without readjustment.

(5) Digging drainage ditch

Drainage ditches are reserved on the boundaries of different regions, and waterlogging is drained in time in rainy seasons, so that excessive water is avoided, soil is not breathable, root rot of plants is caused, healthy and strong growth cannot be achieved, and unnecessary loss is caused.

8. Edging

Edging is one of the important elements in the flowery landscape, and the ornamental flowery landscape is edged on the edges. The use of plant material for edging requires that the plant is short and small, the leaves and the flowers are beautiful, and the plant can keep evergreen and beautiful all the year round. The width of the lawn band is about 80cm, and the width of the shrub band is about 40 cm. The emerald sedum lineare is edged and is finished by a lawn to more highlight the natural beauty of the flower environment. Before laying lawn, loosening soil layer of lawn bed in 25cm depth, applying fertilizer, adding yellow sand and peat soil, and controlling sand content at about 10% to ensure fertility and water permeability of planting soil.

9. Maintenance management

(1) Three-component planting and seven-component culturing, after planting, maintaining, watering root-fixing water thoroughly, and paying attention to the settlement of filling soil after watering. The water is supplemented in time by combining the weather and the seedling condition, the irrigation quantity is strictly noticed, and meanwhile, the drainage and waterlogging prevention are also noticed. The water is filled in the morning and evening in summer with large water demand and high ground temperature at noon, and is watered at noon in winter. The soil is easy to harden due to large amount of water, poor ventilation is realized, and fertilizer in the soil is easy to lose to influence growth. The soil with small water surface is easy to dry and cannot play a drought resisting role. Ideally, the soil is drenched with small volumes of water, which slowly penetrates into the soil. The water quality is preferably rainwater and pond water, and deep well hard water and the like are not needed.

(2) And (4) maintaining in a growth period, intertilling and fertilizing to supplement various nutrients consumed by plant growth in the soil, and simultaneously improving the soil structure and the soil texture. According to the growth condition of the plants, the plants grow well with little or no application, and the plants with poor growth are applied again. Pruning, loosening the soil, removing weeds and watering. By cutting off redundant branches and diseased dead branches, better growth of plants is promoted, and beautiful shapes are created. Bulbous flowers can not use the organic fertilizer that does not become thoroughly decomposed, prevent rotting the bulbous. When the plant configuration is designed, outdoor normal overwintering varieties are adopted, and fallen leaves and rotten mound can be covered on the ground for cold protection in late autumn.

(3) And (3) pest control, namely separating fungal diseases, bacterial diseases and viral diseases, and performing targeted pesticide control. Ideally, beneficial organisms are utilized to physically prevent and treat plant diseases and insect pests, so that energy can be saved, the prevention and treatment cost is low, the environment is not polluted, and the control effect is exerted persistently. The biological control is worth popularizing.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The construction method for planting the micro landscape in the flower environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:

carrying out external transportation, foreign soil replacement and planting soil backfilling on inferior soil unsuitable for plant growth, selecting soil types, and disinfecting; paying off according to a drawing, and scattering a gray mark on the curve boundary of the planting area; forming a terrain; building and structure arrangement; adjusting seedlings to the field; planting plants; edging; and (5) maintenance management.

2. The construction method for planting the flowery environment micro-landscape according to claim 1, wherein the method for forming the terrain comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of (1) field trimming, turning over a planting area, carrying out rough leveling, fine leveling and earthwork modeling on the field, cleaning the field, lofting the terrain, removing garbage, turning over soil, stacking the terrain, leveling the terrain, cleaning the terrace, layering and paving the soil, raking the soil and compacting the soil;

according to the vertical design, checking the elevation of the top of the slope, the elevation of the bottom of the slope, the slope length and the ridge line of the slope, and adjusting the shape;

fertile soil which is loose and rich in organic matters is used as planting surface soil, fully fermented organic matters are used for improving the soil, the improved soil is used for planting flowers, culture soil is added according to the habit of planted matters, the depth is 20-30 cm, or the soil is turned over 30cm after fertilization, and the fertilizer and the soil are fully and uniformly mixed.

3. The construction method for planting the micro-landscape floriculture according to claim 1, wherein the seedling adjusting to the field comprises:

lifting seedlings: spraying water before the selected nursery stocks are excavated, binding the excavated soil balls with straw ropes, dropping the plants, pruning after the seedlings are excavated, covering the soil balls and preserving water;

and (3) transportation: loading the seedlings in the daytime, starting at night, spraying leaf surface water once after loading, loading a plurality of nursery gardens, covering the seedlings on the nursery gardens with a sunshade net, covering with tarpaulin after loading all the seedlings on the nursery gardens, and protecting the seedlings;

entering a nursery stock into a field: building a shade shed in advance, unloading the nursery stock to a shade place after the nursery stock arrives, putting the potted nursery stock neatly, watering enough water, trimming the deciduous plants for the second time, and trimming the evergreen plants according to the landscape effect requirement.

4. The construction method for planting the micro-landscape florescence according to claim 1, wherein the method for planting the plant comprises the following steps:

planting background skeleton plants, wherein the plane arrangement forms an inequilateral triangular relation, or a ribbon-shaped combination, a semi-enclosed combination and a free patch-shaped combination, the flowering height of the background plants is 80 to 200cm when the vertical face is configured, and the color of the background plants is white or dark green;

the planting hole groove is vertically dug downwards, the upper opening and the lower bottom are equal in size according to the root system of the nursery stock, the diameter of soil balls and the soil condition, the soil is larger than the soil balls at the periphery and the bottom by more than 20cm, the filled soil is filled, layered and compacted, the planting depth is consistent with the original planting line, and tree trays are covered by barks, flowers, cobblestones, porcelain granules or other forms;

configuring a landscape stone when the flowering height of the mesoscape plant is 30-80cm and the flowering height of the foreground plant is below 30cm, burying the landscape stone 1/4 of the length in the soil, and configuring shrubs and ground covers around the landscape stone;

the proportion of the rough plants to the delicate plants is 1;

drainage ditches are reserved at the boundaries of different areas, and waterlogging is drained in time in rainy seasons.

5. The construction method for planting the flowery environment micro-landscape according to claim 1, wherein the edging method comprises the following steps: the width of lawn band is 80-90cm, the width of bush band is 40-50cm, emerald sedum lineare band is made, before lawn is laid, the soil layer of lawn bed in the depth of 25cm is scarified, fertilized and yellow sand and peat soil are added, and the content of sand is controlled at 10-15%.

6. The construction method for planting the micro-landscape florescence according to claim 1, wherein the maintenance management method comprises:

maintaining after planting: watering root fixing water thoroughly, and supplementing water in time by combining weather and seedling conditions;

and (4) maintaining in a growth period: intertillage and fertilization are carried out to supplement various nutrients consumed by the growth of plants in the soil and improve the soil structure and the soil texture;

and (3) pest control: the pesticide is used for preventing and treating fungal diseases, bacterial diseases and viral diseases.