CN112314301B - Method for matching green landscapes of sand ecological bags of high-speed railway - Google Patents
Method for matching green landscapes of sand ecological bags of high-speed railway Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for matching green landscapes of sand ecological bags on a high-speed railway side slope, which comprises the following steps: s1, slope trimming: piling up an ecological bag on a roadbed slope, and covering soil on the ecological bag slope; s2, building a green vegetation library: determining green vegetation which can adapt to construction site environment and establishing a corresponding green vegetation base; s3, suggesting a collocation scheme: establishing a collocation scheme of a plurality of side slope green landscapes, wherein each collocation scheme comprises at least one target green vegetation, and the target green vegetation is selected from a green vegetation warehouse; s4, field test: selecting a test field section at a construction roadbed; s5, sprinkling water for maintenance; s6, determining optimal vegetation collocation, combining the vegetation root system and the slope body into a whole, effectively connecting an artificial slope and an original natural slope, improving plant diversity, improving landscapes along lines, realizing coordination and unification of engineering construction and environmental protection, and simultaneously solving the problem that single linear foundation of a railway is easy to bring visual fatigue to passengers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadbed green channel construction, in particular to a method for collocating green landscapes on a sandy soil ecological bag side slope of a high-speed railway.
Background
The railway traffic is safe, comfortable and quick, a large number of ecological problems are brought to the operation of railway construction, the earth surface vegetation is seriously damaged by the activities of excavation, filling, erection and the like in the construction period, the local logistics, the energy flow and the species flow are blocked and disturbed by the large-scale linear construction activities, and the ecological system is broken and islands are formed by the linear cutting of the whole environment in the operation period.
Most of traditional railway slopes adopt masonry frameworks, single grass seeds are planted in the frameworks, a large amount of nonrenewable masonry energy sources cause irreversible ecological damage, harmony and unity with surrounding environments cannot be achieved, and single linear foundation of the railway is easy to cause visual fatigue of passengers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for matching green landscapes of sand ecological bags on a high-speed railway side slope, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method for matching green landscapes of sand ecological bags of high-speed railways comprises the following steps:
s1, slope trimming: piling up ecological bags on the roadbed side slopes, and covering the piled up ecological bag side slopes with soil;
s2, building a green vegetation library: the environment around the construction road section is investigated, green vegetation which can adapt to the construction site environment is determined, and a corresponding green vegetation base is established;
s3, suggesting a collocation scheme: establishing a collocation scheme of a plurality of side slope green landscapes, wherein each collocation scheme comprises at least one target green vegetation, and the target green vegetation is selected from the green vegetation library;
s4, field test: selecting a test field section at a construction roadbed, and performing test planting on the test section by the collocation scheme in the step S3;
s5, sprinkling and curing: sprinkling water to the field test section for curing and molding;
s6, determining optimal vegetation collocation: and after the test planting, selecting an optimal matching scheme according to a test result.
As a further scheme of the invention: the ecological bag is a polypropylene environment-friendly bag which is permeable to water and impermeable to soil, and planting soil with the thickness of 2-3 cm is covered on the surface of the ecological bag.
As a further scheme of the invention: the environmental investigation comprises investigation of geology, hydrologic climate, rainy season period, rainfall, surrounding large-scale garden cultivation land, morphological characteristics of vegetation, growth environment and production habit.
As a further scheme of the invention: and S2, classifying the green plants in the green vegetation library according to vegetation morphological characteristics, growth environment and production habit.
As a further scheme of the invention: the vegetation in the green vegetation warehouse is divided into three types of arbor and shrub, flowers and grass.
As a further scheme of the invention: the matching scheme comprises a plurality of vegetation, at least one vegetation in any season is in a flowering phase, and the vegetation in any season is in a green state.
As a further scheme of the invention: the two matching schemes are arranged, the test sections of the two matching schemes are adjacently arranged, and the test sections of the two matching schemes are located at the roadbed slope.
As a further scheme of the invention: the selection parameters of the optimal collocation scheme comprise survival rate, coverage rate, development degree of the root system extending into the soil of the side slope and overall landscape effect.
As a further scheme of the invention: the side slope is positioned in the North China, the length of the side slope is 5-10M, and the side slope sequentially comprises a road shoulder, a shoulder pad, a slope surface, a slope foot, a protective fence and a ground from top to bottom.
As a further scheme of the invention: the matching scheme comprises golden leaf glossy privet, euonymus alatus, photinia fraseri, china rose, winter jasmine, eight-treasure rhodiola rosea, clover, large leaf glossy privet, magnolia grandiflora and crape myrtle, and the planting layout of vegetation in the matching scheme is as follows:
slope surface arrangement:
fructus Ligustri Lucidi: is arranged within a range of 1.2 meters from the top of the slope, the longitudinal distance is 1.5 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 30 cm;
euonymus alatus: is arranged within a range of 1.2 meters from the bottom, the longitudinal distance is 1.5 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 30 cm;
photinia fraseri). Selecting the position of the central line of the slope, wherein the longitudinal distance is 3 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 50 cm;
china rose, winter jasmine and eight-treasure rhodiola root: planting winter jasmine 1.2m away from the bottom of the side slope, planting China rose 1.6m, planting a row of eight-treasure scenery ceiling between shrubs, wherein the plant spacing is 0.5m, the number of the plants is controlled to be 2-3 per hole, and the shrubs are ligustrum japonicum and photinia fraseri;
clover is prepared from: sowing grass seeds, wherein the grass seeds are sown in the amount of 25 g per square meter, and the gaps of the slope are subjected to supplementary greening;
toe arrangement:
photinia fraseri). The longitudinal distance between the toe wall and the drainage ditch is 1.5 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 30 cm.
Ligustrum japonicum + magnolia grandiflora: 1 gram of magnolia grandiflora is planted after every 4 glossy privet leaves, the distance between the drainage ditch and the protective fence is 1m, the longitudinal distance is 5m, and the chest diameter is more than or equal to 5 cm;
crape myrtle: the distance between the drain ditch and the protective fence is 1m near the drain ditch, the longitudinal distance is 2.5m, and the chest diameter is more than or equal to 3 cm;
clover is prepared from: and (3) sowing grass seeds, wherein the grass seeds are 25 g per square meter, and the green channel gap between the toe of the slope and the protective fence is subjected to complementary greening.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the utility model discloses a through vegetation root system and slope body combination integration, effective connection artifical side slope and former nature side slope, the plant diversity improves along the line view, realizes engineering construction and environmental protection coordination unification, has solved the easy visual fatigue who brings of single line style foundation of railway simultaneously and has felt for the passenger.
2. Most of the vegetation selected by the application are practical and cheaper, are suitable for local silt or sandy soil, greatly improve the construction efficiency compared with the traditional skeleton slope, and save the construction cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a layout of the field test construction site of the present embodiment.
In the figure: 1-golden leaf glossy privet, 2-eight-treasure rhodiola, 3-photinia fraseri, 4-euonymus alatus, 5-China rose, 6-winter jasmine, 7-crape myrtle, 8-large leaf glossy privet, magnolia grandiflora and 9-clover.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the invention, a method for matching green landscapes of a sand ecological bag side slope of a high-speed railway comprises the following steps:
s1, slope trimming: the ecological bags are piled on the roadbed slope, the piled ecological bag slope is covered with soil, the ecological bags are permeable and impermeable polypropylene environment-friendly bags, sand soil which is common in the east China is filled in the ecological bags, and the ecological bags can ensure the penetration of vegetation root systems. The surface of the ecological bag is covered with sandy soil or planting soil with the thickness of 2-3 cm.
S2, building a green vegetation library: the method comprises the steps of investigating the environment around a construction road section, wherein the environment investigation comprises investigation of geology, hydrologic climate, rainy season time period, rainfall, morphological characteristics of surrounding large-scale garden cultivation land and vegetation, growth environment and production habit, determining green vegetation which can adapt to the construction land environment and establishing a corresponding green vegetation base;
in the embodiment, the construction section is positioned in the eastern China area, namely, the downstream of the Yangtze river, the Huaihe river and the Yi mu river, the weather is warm and moist, the rainfall is abundant, the lake is densely distributed, the canal is vertical and horizontal, the surface water system is developed, and the water quality is good. The terrains are mainly plain, the soil is fourth-series silt and sand soil, and a plurality of large-scale seedling bases are gathered around, wherein the seedlings in the county of the dormitory are most, the varieties of the seedlings are various, and the most common gardening evergreen trees are camphor, photinia serrulata, magnolia grandiflora, cedar, glossy privet, dragon cypress and sweet osmanthus; the most common evergreen shrubs are ligustrum japonicum, photinia fraseri, euonymus alatus, crape myrtle, camellia sinensis, buxine, erythrina, oleander and safflower loropetalum; the most common gardening flowers are morning glory, calendula, persian chrysanthemum, china rose, winter jasmine, eight-treasure rhodiola rosea, continuous-warping flower, orchid, begonia, cockscomb; the most common horticultural grass species are bermuda grass, ophiopogon root, clover, ryegrass, festuca arundinacea;
the vegetation forms a green vegetation warehouse, the green plants in the green vegetation warehouse are classified according to the morphological characteristics, the growing environment and the production habit of the vegetation, and the vegetation in the green vegetation warehouse is divided into three types of arbor and shrubs, flowers and grasses.
S3, suggesting a collocation scheme: establishing a collocation scheme of a plurality of side slope green landscapes, wherein each collocation scheme comprises at least one target green vegetation, the target green vegetation is selected from a green vegetation library, the selection of the vegetation in the scheme ensures that at least one vegetation is in a flowering phase in any season, and the vegetation is in a green state in any season;
in this embodiment, two collocation schemes are provided, and according to the principles of evergreen four seasons, flowers four seasons and clear layers, scheme one is selected from the consideration of developed root system condition, local survival rate, economy and overall landscape effect: the green channel of the toe is 3 rows of trees, which are a row of camphor trees and magnolia grandiflora trees, a row of boxwood shrubs, a row of erythrina balls and a gap for scattering the sheep Mao Caozi. The slope is greened into 3 rows of irrigation wood balls (upper row of safflower loropetalum balls, middle row of photinia fraseri balls, lower row of euonymus balls), shrubs, the top, the bottom and flowers are interspersed (various rows of Periploca, the top row of calendula, the bottom row of China rose flowers) and the gaps are scattered with the sheep Mao Caozi. Scheme II: the green channel of the toe is 3 rows of trees, which are respectively a row of glossy privet and magnolia grandiflora arbors, a row of crape myrtle shrubs, a row of photinia fraseri balls, and white clover seeds are scattered in the gaps. Greening slope into 3 rows of irrigation wood balls (upper row of golden glossy privet balls, middle row of photinia fraseri balls, lower row of euonymus alatus balls), shrubs, bottommost parts and flowers are interspersed (various rows of eight-treasure rhodiola rosea among shrubs, bottommost parts of China rose flowers and winter jasmine flowers) +gaps are scattered with white clover seeds
S4, field test: selecting a test field section at a construction roadbed, and performing test planting on the test section by the collocation scheme in the step S3; the method comprises the steps that a test road section is selected from DK216+100-200 sections of three-dimensional ecological bag slope foundations of a Huai Andong station of a continuous ballasting railway, one scheme is planted on the left side of the test road section, and the other scheme is planted on the right side of the test road section
S5, sprinkling and curing: sprinkling water to the field test section for curing and molding;
the sprinkling maintenance is that the vegetation is generally sprinkled before 10 am or after 15 pm every day after being planted, and the sprinkling is needed to be carried out about 1 hour before the sun comes out or after going down the hill in the high temperature period in summer, so as to avoid the noon period of insolation, and the sprinkling at night is suitable to be utilized as much as possible. The sprinkling amount is sprinkling every day with sprinkling thoroughly as standard, and the sprinkling amount is slightly larger than the ground water volatilization amount in the season of rainwater shortage; when sprinkling, an atomization spraying mode is adopted, and a water gun is strictly forbidden to directly wash the side slope; the organic fertilizer can be properly sowed in the vegetation growth process by increasing 1-2 times of maintenance each day in summer in high-temperature seasons.
S6, determining optimal vegetation collocation: after test planting, selecting an optimal collocation scheme according to test results, and determining an optimal method for collocating the green landscapes of the sand soil ecological bags of the high-speed railway according to the final vegetation survival rate of the two schemes, the development degree of the soil of the root system anchoring side slope, the green coverage rate, the overall landscape effect and the social evaluation.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment, the method is suitable for matching the green landscapes of the side slopes of the sandy soil ecological bags of the high-speed railway within the slope length of 5-10m, the side slopes sequentially comprise road shoulders, shoulder pads, slopes, toe caps, protective fences and the ground from top to bottom, and a scheme II is finally selected through experiments, and the matching method of the scheme II is specifically as follows:
slope surface:
(1) golden leaf glossy privet 1: is arranged within a range of 1.2 meters from the top of the slope, the longitudinal distance is 1.5 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 30 cm.
(2) Euonymus 4: is arranged within a range of 1.2 meters from the bottom, the longitudinal distance is 1.5 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 30 cm.
(3) Photinia fraseri 3: selecting the position of the central line of the slope, wherein the longitudinal distance is 3 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 50 cm.
(4) China rose 5, winter jasmine 6 and rhodiola rosea 2: planting winter jasmine 1.2m away from the bottom of the side slope, planting China rose 1.6m, planting a row of eight-treasure scenery smallpox among shrubs, wherein plant spacing is 0.5m, and the control quantity is 2-3 plants per hole.
(5) Clover 9: grass seeds are sowed, and the grass seeds are sowed in the amount of 25 g per square meter to supplement and afforest the gaps of the slope.
Slope toe:
(1) photinia fraseri 2: the longitudinal distance between the toe wall and the drainage ditch is 1.5 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 30 cm.
(2) Ligustrum japonicum + magnolia grandiflora 8: the distance between the drainage ditch and the protective fence is 1m, the longitudinal distance is 5m, 1 magnolia grandiflora is interspersed on every 4 glossy privet fruit rear supports, and the chest diameter is more than or equal to 5 cm.
(3) Crape myrtle 7: the distance between the drain ditch and the protective fence is 1m near the drain ditch, the longitudinal distance is 2.5m, and the chest diameter is more than or equal to 3 cm.
(4) Clover 9: and (3) sowing grass seeds, wherein the grass seeds are 25 g per square meter, and the green channel gap between the toe of the slope and the protective fence is subjected to complementary greening.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. The method for matching the green landscapes of the sand ecological bags of the high-speed railway is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, slope trimming: piling up ecological bags on the roadbed side slopes, and covering the piled up ecological bag side slopes with soil;
s2, building a green vegetation library: the environment around the construction road section is investigated, green vegetation which can adapt to the construction site environment is determined, and a corresponding green vegetation base is established;
the green plants in the green vegetation warehouse are classified according to vegetation morphological characteristics, growth environments and production habits in the S2, and the vegetation in the green vegetation warehouse is divided into three types of arbor and shrubs, flowers and grasses;
s3, suggesting a collocation scheme: establishing a collocation scheme of a plurality of side slope green landscapes, wherein each collocation scheme comprises at least one target green vegetation, the target green vegetation is selected from the green vegetation library, the collocation scheme comprises a plurality of vegetation, at least one vegetation in any season is in a flowering phase, and the vegetation in any season is in a green state;
s4, field test: selecting a test field road section at a construction roadbed, and performing test planting on the test road section by the collocation scheme in the step S3, wherein the collocation scheme is two, the test road sections of the two collocation schemes are adjacently arranged, and the test road sections of the two collocation schemes are both positioned at a roadbed slope;
s5, sprinkling and curing: sprinkling water to the field test section for curing and molding;
s6, determining optimal vegetation collocation: after test planting, selecting an optimal collocation scheme according to test results;
the side slope is positioned in the North China, the length of the side slope is 5-10M, and the side slope sequentially comprises a road shoulder, a shoulder pad, a slope surface, a slope foot, a protective fence and a ground from top to bottom;
the matching scheme comprises golden leaf glossy privet, euonymus alatus, photinia fraseri, china rose, winter jasmine, eight-treasure rhodiola rosea, clover, large leaf glossy privet, magnolia grandiflora and crape myrtle, and the planting layout of vegetation in the matching scheme is as follows:
slope surface arrangement:
fructus Ligustri Lucidi: is arranged within a range of 1.2 meters from the top of the slope, the longitudinal distance is 1.5 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 30 cm;
euonymus alatus: is arranged within a range of 1.2 meters from the bottom, the longitudinal distance is 1.5 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 30 cm;
photinia fraseri). Selecting the position of the central line of the slope, wherein the longitudinal distance is 3 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 50 cm;
china rose, winter jasmine and eight-treasure rhodiola root: planting winter jasmine 1.2m away from the bottom of the side slope, planting China rose 1.6m, planting a row of eight-treasure scenery ceiling between shrubs, wherein the plant spacing is 0.5m, the number of the plants is controlled to be 2-3 per hole, and the shrubs are the ligustrum japonicum and photinia fraseri;
clover is prepared from: sowing grass seeds, wherein the grass seeds are sown in the amount of 25 g per square meter, and the gaps of the slope are subjected to supplementary greening;
toe arrangement:
photinia fraseri). The longitudinal distance between the toe wall of the slope and the drainage ditch is 1.5 meters, and the crown diameter is more than or equal to 30 cm;
ligustrum japonicum + magnolia grandiflora: 1 gram of magnolia grandiflora is planted after every 4 glossy privet leaves, the distance between the drainage ditch and the protective fence is 1m, the longitudinal distance is 5m, and the chest diameter is more than or equal to 5 cm;
crape myrtle: the distance between the drain ditch and the protective fence is 1m near the drain ditch, the longitudinal distance is 2.5m, and the chest diameter is more than or equal to 3 cm;
clover is prepared from: and (3) sowing grass seeds, wherein the grass seeds are 25 g per square meter, and the green channel gap between the toe of the slope and the protective fence is subjected to complementary greening.
2. The method for matching the green landscapes of the side slopes of the sandy soil ecological bags of the high-speed railways according to claim 1, wherein the ecological bags are water-permeable and soil-impermeable polypropylene environment-friendly bags, and planting soil with a thickness of 2-3 cm is covered on the surfaces of the ecological bags.
3. The method for green landscape collocation of sand ecological bags on high-speed railways according to claim 1, wherein the environmental investigation comprises investigation of geology and hydrologic climate, rainy season time, rainfall, morphological characteristics of surrounding large-scale garden cultivated land, vegetation, growing environment and production habit.
4. The method for green landscape collocation of the sand ecological bags of the high-speed railway side slopes according to claim 1, wherein the selection parameters of the optimal collocation scheme comprise survival rate, coverage rate, development degree of root systems extending into the side slope soil and overall landscape effect.
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