CN107347290A - A kind of method for greening side slope of southwest - Google Patents
A kind of method for greening side slope of southwest Download PDFInfo
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- CN107347290A CN107347290A CN201710583997.1A CN201710583997A CN107347290A CN 107347290 A CN107347290 A CN 107347290A CN 201710583997 A CN201710583997 A CN 201710583997A CN 107347290 A CN107347290 A CN 107347290A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for greening side slope of southwest, comprise the following steps：Side slope carries out soil moved in improve the original；The indigenous plant seed of southwest is sowed grass seeds by duster to side slope and raw adventitious plant seed or naturalized plant seed are fitted in southwest, the indigenous plant seed includes spun gold plum seed and fiery spine seed, Herba Hyperici Patuli is semi-evergreen shrubs, with stronger insect pest, disease resistance characteristic, at the same have the characteristics that branch growth, proper height, seeding ratio are high, the florescence is long, the speed of growth soon, sow grass seeds by duster 1 year after can bloom；Fiery spine is evergreen shrubs, have drought-resistant impoverishment tolerant, it is resistance to cradle, be thick with leaves, well developed root system the characteristics of, spring full-blown flowers are interspersed, and autumn haw is innumerable, are excellent afforestation and water and soil conservation seeds；This method is workable, it is easy to maintain, multiple it is green it is fast, see long florescence, anti-soil erosion, root system bank protection ability is strong, landscape effect is good, and stability of plant community is good, can road improvement side slope winter landscape.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of greening, and in particular to a kind of method for greening side slope of southwest.
Background technology
Due to being frequently necessary to a large amount of excavations, embankment in the engineering constructions such as road, mine, water power, a large amount of exposed works are formed
The journey surface of a wound, substantial amounts of ecological problem is generated to the environment on periphery.Builds to foundation engineering is that a kind of earth's surface ecology of destroying is mostly
The engineering construction project of feature.Original vegetation cover would generally be destroyed, result in as cutting is domatic, roadbed slope,
Open-pit slope and take a large amount of secondary barrens such as stone field, field of fetching earth.Such issues that turn into water and soil losing source, exacerbate ecosystem
The degeneration of system.Under the influence of Restoration ecology theory, by the ecological dominance of indigenous plant, side slope is rebuild on bare side sloping
The solid slope technology of the ecology of vegetation has turned into the important channel for improving landscape along highway, reducing soil erosion.
Spraying and seeding afforesting is to be sufficiently mixed seed, fertilizer, organic fiber, adhesive, water-loss reducer, soil conditioner etc. with water
Afterwards, through spray seeder high pressure, be ejected at a high speed " having soil " it is domatic on a kind of technology.Using the technology, can make to sow grass seeds by duster layer with it is domatic
Table soil combines, and forms soft and stable vegetation cover, have efficiency high, broadcast sowing uniformly, save seed, prevent seed from being invaded
The characteristics of losing and being lost in, it is green the side slopes such as highway, railway, dam, stone pit, mine slope, water and soil conservation are widely used in
Change in protection works.
At present, the energy of engineering wound-surface restoration of the ecosystem is focused primarily in side slope geotechnique protection and greening construction technique, road
Side slope geotechnique safeguard procedures mainly have friction pile, well word prestress anchorage cable, soft protecting net, mortar flag stone mask, jetting cement, just
Property skeleton (rhombus, grid, arch, herringbone framework), retaining wall etc.；Greening side slope technique includes alien earth sparging, linked network soil moved in improve the original sprays
Broadcast (monolayer net or Double-level Reticulated+supporting plate), ecology bag+linked network alien earth sparging (monolayer net), platform plantation, green net climb rattan etc., it is right
The target attention rate of investigation community hight is inadequate, causes Effect of Ecological Restoration undesirable, as species richness is low, scape
See single, vegetation stability difference etc., particularly side slope be evergreen and color plant application is less, causes winter landscape that ash is integrally presented
Tone.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide the suitable southwest that a kind of vegetation stability is good, winter landscape is good
The method for greening side slope in area.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of method for greening side slope of southwest, comprises the following steps：
Side slope carries out soil moved in improve the original；
Sowed grass seeds by duster the indigenous plant seed of southwest and southwest fits raw adventitious plant seed or naturalization is planted to side slope
Species, the indigenous plant seed include spun gold plum seed and fiery spine seed.
In some preferred embodiments, germination percentage >=70% of the spun gold plum seed, the spun gold plum seed
The amount of sowing grass seeds by duster is 0.5-1g/m2, germination percentage >=40% of the fiery spine seed, and the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of the fiery spine seed is 4-6g/m2.
In some preferred embodiments, the adventitious plant seed or the naturalized plant seed include double pod Chinese scholartree kinds
Sub, high bar coreopsis seed.
In some further preferred embodiments, germination percentage >=40% of double pod Chinese scholartree seeds, double pod Chinese scholartrees
The amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of seed is 6-8g/m2, germination percentage >=70% of the high bar coreopsis seed, the spray of the high bar coreopsis seed
The amount of broadcasting is 0.5-1g/m2.
In some preferred embodiments, the indigenous plant seed also include pink indigo seed, Chinese sumac seed,
Downgrade tall fescue seed, seed of Medicago sativa L, great Hua golden wave seeds.
In some further preferred embodiments, germination percentage >=40% of the pink indigo seed is described to spend more
The amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of the blue seed of wood is 4-6g/m2, germination percentage >=60% of the Chinese sumac seed, the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of the Chinese sumac seed
For 5-6g/m2, germination percentage >=70% for downgrading tall fescue seed, the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster for downgrading tall fescue seed is 0.2-
0.5g/m2, germination percentage >=70% of the seed of Medicago sativa L, the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of the seed of Medicago sativa L is 0.3-0.5g/m2, described
Germination percentage >=30% of great Hua golden wave seeds, the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of the great Hua golden waves seed is 0.5-0.7g/m2.
In some preferred embodiments, net kind rate >=50% of the fiery spine seed.
In some preferred embodiments, net kind rate >=90% of the spun gold plum seed.
In some preferred embodiments, net kind rate >=80% of double pod Chinese scholartree seeds.
In some preferred embodiments, net kind rate >=90% of the high bar coreopsis seed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The problem of plant stability difference be present for road slope spraying and seeding afforesting technology, it is of the invention from the township of southwest
A set of " Qiao's filling suitable for the greening of southwest road slope is filtered out in native plant and suitable raw adventitious plant or naturalized plant
The Plant compound type of the grass+showy flowers of herbaceous plants ", the indigenous plant include Herba Hyperici Patuli and fiery spine, and the adventitious plant or the naturalization are planted
Thing includes double pod Chinese scholartrees, coreopsis, and the Herba Hyperici Patuli of selection is semi-evergreen shrubs, has stronger insect pest, disease resistance characteristic, simultaneously
Have the characteristics that branch growth, proper height, seeding ratio are high, the florescence is long, the speed of growth soon, sow grass seeds by duster 1 year after can bloom,
It is the good seeds of greening side slope and water and soil conservation；Fiery spine is evergreen shrubs, have drought-resistant impoverishment tolerant, it is resistance to cradle, branches and leaves cyclopentadienyl
The characteristics of close, well developed root system, spring full-blown flowers are interspersed, and autumn haw is innumerable, are excellent afforestation and water and soil conservation seeds；Should
Method remove have it is workable, easy to maintain, multiple it is green it is fast, see that long florescence, anti-soil erosion, root system bank protection ability be strong, landscape
Outside the advantages that effect is good, its remarkable advantage is, stability of plant community is good, and evergreen (half is evergreen) plant is taken with deciduous plant
Match somebody with somebody, energy road improvement side slope winter landscape, be unlikely to too to rustle in the air.Therefore, the present invention has non-in southwest road slope
Often good application prospect.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：The afforestation project of the town road side slope of Guizhou one
The road slope is cut slope, and side slope is mainly made up of intense weathering soft rock, calcareous shale.Side slope uses step
Excavate, domatic highly every 8 meters set a platform, slope ratio of slope 1:1, slope retaining mode is Prestress anchoring cable-beam.
Greening side slope technique uses (Vierendeel girder) ecology bag+linked network alien earth sparging (monolayer net), and its working procedure flow is：
Slope trimming → planting soil and base material configuration → planting soil packs → of sowing grass seeds by duster stack ecology bag → set anchor pole → linked network → injection
Base material → seed of sowing grass seeds by duster → laying non-woven fabrics → maintenance management.
1) slope trimming
The debris cleared up on domatic, the place soil being especially recessed in Vierendeel girder etc. is filled up, and is ensured domatic along section side
To smooth-going.
2) planting soil and base material of sowing grass seeds by duster configuration
A. planting soil requirement in ecology bag：The chesson between local soil pH value 5.5~7.5 is taken, without building and life
Rubbish living, chad of the particle diameter more than 5cm is removed using preceding, adds composite fertilizer (commercially available, containing N, P, K) 2~5kg/m3, fully stir
Mix uniformly.
B. sow grass seeds by duster base material requirement：Take the chesson between local soil pH value 5.5~7.5, without building and house refuse,
Chad of the particle diameter more than 1cm is screened out using preceding, wherein addition biological organic fertilizer (carbon:Nitrogen=12:1~12:2) change with composite fertilizer
Good soil quality ratio is (soil moved in improve the original)：(biological organic fertilizer)：(nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer)=70:29:1, and add water-loss reducer 0.5~
0.8kg/m3, stir.
3) planting soil packs
Ecology bag is made of macromolecule polypropylene and other corrosion-resistant strong, anti-UV, seepy material, and specification 50cm ×
80cm；Planting soil packs after should being sufficiently mixed, and seals immediately.
4) ecology bag is stacked
Ecology bag is in Chinese character pin-shaped stacking in Vierendeel girder, after filling ecology bag requirement put smooth, clasp buckles into ecology bag, reaches
The degree good to connection.Compacting degree reaches 60~70%, that is, is adapted to plant growth, is settled be unlikely to again after too serious.
5) anchor pole is set
Anchor pole is set with domatic into 80~an angle of 90 degrees, is drilled using air drill, hole deviation is not more than 5cm, M30 cement mortar groutings
Note, anchor pole are in " product " font arranged for interval by slope line space 1.0m × 1.0m, anchor pole stretching ramp portion about 10cm (curved mouth to
Upper to beat, elbow is about 5cm), anchor pole is into " 7 " subtype.
6) linked network
Wire netting uses galvanizing wire netting, and specification isMesh 6.5cm × 6.5cm.At top of the slope, wire netting
50~80cm of top of the slope is stretched out, is embedded in anchor pole into Chinese character pin-shaped fixation under soil.Wire netting lap joint is no less than 15cm, and uses iron wire
Fasten, joint is tightened, and to be linked to be integral net chip architecture, is fixed between anchor pole and wire netting using tied silk, wire netting with it is domatic tight
Patch, distance about 2~4cm；It is domatic it is adjacent two throw the net and connect when taking up and down, net below is placed on bottom, connects the knot of net with blossom type
Arrangement.
7) base material is sprayed
The mud hybrid substrate being sufficiently stirred is mechanically injected in wire netting with special sow grass seeds by duster, 8~12cm of jet thickness,
, can be on domatic per 100m during sprayed construction2With one thickness instruction stake of steel-bar arrangement, it is ensured that the thickness and uniformity of base material,
Gap is enriched plentiful between ecology bag.
8) sow grass seeds by duster seed
Side slope soil moved in improve the original layer should keep moistening when sowing grass seeds by duster, and such as domatic too dry need to spray water moisturizing.Then by seed, composite fertilizer,
After organic fertilizer, paper pulp, adhesive, water-loss reducer and water are sufficiently mixed, through spray seeding car high pressure, it is ejected on domatic at a high speed.Often sow grass seeds by duster
Car is sowed grass seeds by duster the 000m of area about 22, wherein composite fertilizer's per car 1 wraps, 40kg/ bags；Organic fertilizer per car 3 wraps, 50kg/ bags；Paper pulp per car
12 bags, 20kg/ bags；Adhesive per car 5kg；Water-loss reducer per car 3kg.When sowing grass seeds by duster, it should come according to paper pulp in domatic colour developing degree
Judge the uniformity of sowing grass seeds by duster, it is ensured that sow grass seeds by duster uniformly.The indigenous plant kind sowed grass seeds by duster include Herba Hyperici Patuli, fiery spine, pink indigo, Chinese sumac,
Festuca Arundinacea, alfalfa, great Hua golden waves are downgraded, adventitious plant or naturalized plant include double pod Chinese scholartrees, high bar coreopsis, specifically sowed grass seeds by duster
The configuration of vegetable seeds and grain weight proportioning are as shown in table 1, it is desirable to net kind rate >=50% of fiery spine seed, spun gold plum seed it is net
Kind rate >=90%, net kind rate >=80% of double pod Chinese scholartree seeds, net kind rate >=90% of high bar coreopsis seed, remaining seed are planted only
Rate >=95%.It is 24.3g per the total dosage of square meter seed, is 9163 per square meter seed grain number.Spun gold plum seed is soaked with clear water
After steeping 24h, >=70% is needed with filter paper culture dish measure germination percentage under room temperature condition；After fiery spine seed soaks 24h with clear water, room temperature
Under the conditions of with filter paper culture dish measure germination percentage need >=40%.Pink indigo, double pod Chinese scholartree percentages of seedgermination need >=40%；Chinese sumac
Percentage of seedgermination needs >=60%；Festuca Arundinacea, alfalfa, coreopsis percentage of seedgermination need >=70%；Great Hua golden wave germinations
Rate needs >=30%.Chinese sumac percentage of seedgermination is after 70 DEG C of water-bath 20min, is determined under room temperature condition with filter paper culture dish, its
Remaining percentage of seedgermination is after clear water soaks 24h, is determined under room temperature condition with filter paper culture dish.Sowing grass seeds by duster needs Chinese sumac before seed
Seed is put into 70 DEG C of hot water after water-bath 20min, then row is sowed grass seeds by duster.Spun gold plum seed used of sowing grass seeds by duster need not be carried out at seed soaking
Reason.After remaining seed mixing for sowing grass seeds by duster used, after need to being put into clear water the 12~24h that soaks seed, then row is sowed grass seeds by duster.
The town road side slope of 1 Guizhou of table one sow grass seeds by duster vegetable seeds configuration and grain weight proportioning
9) non-woven fabrics is covered
To ensure the germination percentage of seed, bedding is carried out from top to bottom with non-woven fabrics.Fixed with bamboo stick, keep having a common boundary.Nonwoven
The covering of cloth plays a part of water conservation and is incubated and can prevent germination period rainwater from being washed away to domatic.The covering of non-woven fabrics treats that seedling all sprouts
After remove.12~16g/m of non-woven fabrics specification2。
10) maintenance management
After vegetable seeds is sowed grass seeds by duster, in germination, the maintenance work for phase of into level ground phase and nursery stock recovering to take root to closing weight
Will.Inspect building site daily in this period, keep hypothallus moistening.Irrigation amount is controlled according to weather condition, entered while watering
The preventing and treating and growth period top dressing of row pest and disease damage, it is set smoothly to enter growth animated period.After careless seedling is normal into level ground, seedling growth
Irrigation times are gradually decreased (after about three months), temper the adaptability of plant, and throw off non-woven fabrics in good time.But in 1 year
Especially it is periodically nursed depending on weather condition in dry season, step into nature growth conditions.
After half a year, 1 year are completed in spraying and seeding afforesting construction, season respectively enters winter and summer, domatic setting 1m × 1m's
Fixed sample prescription, is investigated indexs such as the floristics after sowing grass seeds by duster, strain number, plant height, cover degree, phenology features, the basic feelings of sample prescription
Condition is shown in Table 2.
The town road side slope Various Seasonal plant growth effect of 2 Guizhou of table one compares
Remarks：1st, winter data are half annual mean in table；2nd, summer data are annual mean in table；3rd, in table
"-" represents the item data and can not counted.
Plants configuration of the present invention, plant can cover whole domatic after sowing grass seeds by duster 4 months, during which coreopsis blooms
Gorgeous, tall shrub seedling collocation is reasonable, is evenly distributed.Sow grass seeds by duster after half a year, season enters winter, Chinese sumac, pink indigo, double pods
The shrubs such as Chinese scholartree all by freeze injury to a certain extent, show as blade, stem apex is withered, nursery stock quantity reduction, the only surplus stem of Chinese sumac.
Festuca Arundinacea is supplement feeding, and winter keeps evergreen.Great Hua golden waves are perennial herb, and winter keeps evergreen, also young leaves
Extract out.Fiery spine seedling shows pale yellowish green in the winter time, but because plant height is not high, is covered by Festuca Arundinacea thick grass, its evergreen effect is temporary transient
Hide.Smoothbark birch is autochthon, seed belt seed wing, is settled down naturally to domatic.Winter, Herba Hyperici Patuli stem middle and lower part blade drop,
Middle and upper part blade reddens, and stem branch is obvious, due to that with compared with higher survival rate and higher plant height, can break through tall grass and grow thickly
It is long, winter slope landscape is unlikely to too dull.
Plants configuration of the present invention, after plant is sowed grass seeds by duster 1 year, season enters summer, slope greening excellent effect,
The ecological effect and landscape effect of greening can be rapidly reached, and no longer needs particularly to conserve.Each shrub all experienced one
Individual fast growing period, winter are recovered growth by the Chinese sumac of freeze injury, pink indigo, double pod Chinese scholartrees, the kind bag settled down naturally
Smoothbark birch, black nightshade, stalwart wormwood artemisia etc. are included, domatic full of life, particularly Herba Hyperici Patuli, great Hua golden waves, alfalfa subsequently enter and bloomed
Phase, add for slope landscape color many.The configuration of plant and kind in consideration of it, a kind of road slope greening provided by the present invention is sowed grass seeds by duster
Son amount matching method, the road slope greening of southwest is can be widely applied to, there is extraordinary application prospect.
Requirement of the inventive method to season is relatively low, and in southwest, spring, summer, Qiu Sanji can construct.But for ensure into
Power, it preferably in rainy season construction, can so reduce to domatic maintenance, save artificial.In order to avoid water body at initial stage was lost in
Cause greening to fail in serious, while slope drainage measure is carried out, the operation of heavy rain time should be avoided.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for greening side slope of southwest, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Side slope carries out soil moved in improve the original；
The indigenous plant seed of southwest is sowed grass seeds by duster to side slope and raw adventitious plant seed or naturalized plant kind are fitted in southwest
Son, the indigenous plant seed include spun gold plum seed and fiery spine seed.
2. the method for greening side slope of southwest according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hair of the spun gold plum seed
Bud rate >=70%, the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of the spun gold plum seed is 0.5-1g/m2, germination percentage >=40% of the fiery spine seed is described
The amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of fiery spine seed is 4-6g/m2。
3. the method for greening side slope of southwest according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the adventitious plant seed or
The naturalized plant seed includes double pod Chinese scholartree seeds, high bar coreopsis seed.
4. the method for greening side slope of southwest according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the hair of double pod Chinese scholartree seeds
Bud rate >=40%, the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of double pod Chinese scholartree seeds is 6-8g/m2, germination percentage >=70% of the high bar coreopsis seed,
The amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of the high bar coreopsis seed is 0.5-1g/m2。
5. the method for greening side slope of the southwest according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that plant in the native soil
Species also includes pink indigo seed, Chinese sumac seed, downgrades tall fescue seed, seed of Medicago sativa L, great Hua golden wave seeds.
6. the method for greening side slope of southwest according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the pink indigo seed
Germination percentage >=40%, the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of the pink indigo seed is 4-6g/m2, germination percentage >=60% of the Chinese sumac seed,
The amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of the Chinese sumac seed is 5-6g/m2, germination percentage >=70% for downgrading tall fescue seed, the high sheep of dwarfing
The amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of thatch seed is 0.2-0.5g/m2, germination percentage >=70% of the seed of Medicago sativa L, the seed of Medicago sativa L sows grass seeds by duster
Measure as 0.3-0.5g/m2, germination percentage >=30% of the great Hua golden waves seed, the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster of the great Hua golden waves seed is
0.5-0.7g/m2。
7. the method for greening side slope of the southwest according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that the fiery spine kind
Net kind rate >=50% of son.
8. the method for greening side slope of the southwest according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that the Herba Hyperici Patuli
Net kind rate >=90% of seed.
9. the method for greening side slope of the southwest according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that double pod Chinese scholartrees
Net kind rate >=80% of seed.
10. the method for greening side slope of the southwest according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that the high bar
Net kind rate >=90% of coreopsis seed.
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| CN109819715A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-05-31 | 运城学院 | Appliable plant leaching liquor is to the promotion method to the sprouting of coreopsis seed and growth of seedling |
| CN109819715B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-09-17 | 运城学院 | Method for promoting germination of cosmos seeds and growth of seedlings by applying plant leaching liquor |
| CN112314301A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-05 | 中铁四局集团第四工程有限公司 | Method for matching green landscapes of sandy soil ecological bag side slope of high-speed railway |
| CN112314301B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2024-01-26 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Method for matching green landscapes of sand ecological bags of high-speed railway |
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Application publication date: 20171117 |