CN104663344A

CN104663344A - Mountain fruit growing method

Info

Publication number: CN104663344A
Application number: CN201310642890.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 毛丽娜
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-11-28
Filing date: 2013-11-28
Publication date: 2015-06-03

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of an agricultural production technique, and particularly relates to a mountain fruit growing method. The method provided by the invention is simple to process, good in soil and water conservation effect and high in economic benefit. The mountain fruit growing method provided by the invention is characterized by comprising the steps: step 1, plantation design; step 2, oil preparation and hole digging; and step 3, planting technology and management after planting.

Description

Mountain region fruit growing method

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of mountain region fruit growing method.

Background technology

Mountain region is the comparatively serious area of water and soil loss, and exploitation difficulty, not easily carries out agricultural tillage; At present the combination of control and economic crops with water and soil loss is more and more paid attention to.

But, for the method that serious mountain planting fruit tree occurs in water and soil loss, also there is no clear and definite report at present.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is exactly for above-mentioned technical problem, provides a kind of method simple, conserves water and soil effective, the mountain region fruit growing method of high financial profit.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: fruit growing method in mountain region of the present invention, is characterized in that: step one, builds garden planning; Step 2, digs cave wholely; Step 3, manages after planting technique and cultivation; Wherein step one is built the method for garden planning and is: must make rational planning in water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land fruit tree of planting, first, should carry out tight planning according to the requirement of fruit tree commercial production.The condition such as weather, landform, soil, water conservancy of water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land was tackled before planning, water and soil loss situation, local society economic conditions and production of fruit trees situation are investigated, and then make rational planning for according to the requirement of survey report and production of fruit trees.For large-area hilly and mountainous land, according to different land occupation conditions, erosion zone can be divided into some communities. make the weather in each community, physical features, soil condition and water and soil loss situation unanimous on the whole, so that management and arrangement species and cultivars, reduce water and soil loss and windburn; General 0.8 ~ 2hm ²be a community. with approximate rectangle as well, its long limit is parallel with contour in community.Secondly. be guiding theory with the ecological economy, do erosion and torrent control works well.Be exactly do water and soil conservation well in the key of water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land orchard establishing, so, contour terrace or hill side ditch must be built when building garden kind fruit.Its three, should note solving fertilizer on the spot.Require the green manure base and feed base that adapt with Fruit Trees Development, advocate fruit-bearing forest, fruit herds combination.Its four, water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land retaining water retention capacity is poor, should note utilizing local natural conditions to set up the storing facilities of water such as pond on a hill, reservoir, uses water with what solve orchard.In addition, also must with the overall plannings such as roadnet, shelter forest and ancillary building, and select as the case may be and configure suitable species and cultivars.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is simple to operate, cultivation period is short, instant effect; And survival rate can reach more than 90%, effectively can suppress the water and soil loss situation in mountain area, there is considerable economic benefit and social benefit.

Embodiment

Fruit growing method in mountain region of the present invention, is characterized in that: step one, builds garden planning; Step 2, digs cave wholely; Step 3, manages after planting technique and cultivation; Wherein step one is built the method for garden planning and is: must make rational planning in water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land fruit tree of planting, first, should carry out tight planning according to the requirement of fruit tree commercial production.The condition such as weather, landform, soil, water conservancy of water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land was tackled before planning, water and soil loss situation, local society economic conditions and production of fruit trees situation are investigated, and then make rational planning for according to the requirement of survey report and production of fruit trees.For large-area hilly and mountainous land, according to different land occupation conditions, erosion zone can be divided into some communities. make the weather in each community, physical features, soil condition and water and soil loss situation unanimous on the whole, so that management and arrangement species and cultivars, reduce water and soil loss and windburn; General 0.8 ~ 2hm ²be a community. with approximate rectangle as well, its long limit is parallel with contour in community.Secondly, be guiding theory with the ecological economy, do erosion and torrent control works well.Be exactly do water and soil conservation well in the key of water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land orchard establishing, so, contour terrace or hill side ditch must be built when building garden kind fruit.Its three, should note solving fertilizer on the spot.Require the green manure base and feed base that adapt with Fruit Trees Development, advocate fruit-bearing forest, fruit herds combination.Its four, water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land retaining water retention capacity is poor, should note utilizing local natural conditions to set up the storing facilities of water such as pond on a hill, reservoir, uses water with what solve orchard.In addition, also must with the overall plannings such as roadnet, shelter forest and ancillary building, and select as the case may be and configure suitable species and cultivars.

Described step 2, digs cave method: must carry out Land leveling or fix tread after building garden planning wholely. and then according to the seeding row spacing that different fruit tree is planted, reserve planting point, carry out digging cave or ditch, the soil depletion of water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land.The large cave of dark wide each 1m should be dug, when digging, table soil is separated with cubsoil, base manure to be used to change idle soil in cave. base manure can be wild green manure, weeds, branch leaf, crop straw and stock corral fertilizer, compost, nontoxic rubbish, river embankment mud etc., can layering or insert in cave with soil rod platform, thick is filled out at the bottom of cave, tiny be deposited in above, in order in and organic matter decomposition time the volume acidic materials that produce accelerate it and rot, can mix and remove a little lime or people and animals' fecaluria, superphosphate, fused calcium magnesium phosphate etc.Open base manure of spreading manuer in holes preferably within 1 ~ 2 month before field planting, to carry out, make fertilizer in cave can carry out decomposition for some time and become thoroughly decomposed, and make soil heavy real be conducive to planting survive.

Described step 3, planting technique with plant after management method be: the time of planting should look local weather conditions and seeds and different.Evergreen fruit tree Yichuan, autumn plant, and longan, lichee are generally planted at the plum rain season in 4 ~ May, and the resting stage of deciduous fruit tree after fallen leaves to rudiment plants.The table soil of mixed fertilizer is filled out half and is entered in cave, pile mound shape, getting the nursery stock planning to plant puts in people cave, root system is distributed with unfolding, maybe the root system of the native ball of band is wrapped up in and dip in mud, correct the position and the degree of depth of planting simultaneously, make collar 15 ~ 20cm above ground level, then add the compacting of people's fine earth, and do knoll to collar, then do an annular low bank of earth between fields in tree dish surrounding, water normal root water, finally cover careless moisturizing at tree dish, this is the key ensureing to plant water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land fruit tree survives, and also will found pillar in addition and prevent root system from loosening.After fruit nursery stock is planted, if become a fine day without rain, the 1st week every day watered 1 time, within later every 3 ~ 5 days, watered 1 time, until survive.Be short of seedling if any dead strain and want timely after-culture.

Claims

1. mountain region fruit growing method, is characterized in that: fruit growing method in mountain region of the present invention, is characterized in that: step one, builds garden planning; Step 2, digs cave wholely; Step 3, manages after planting technique and cultivation; Wherein step one is built the method for garden planning and is: must make rational planning in water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land fruit tree of planting, first, should carry out tight planning according to the requirement of fruit tree commercial production; The condition such as weather, landform, soil, water conservancy of water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land was tackled before planning, water and soil loss situation, local society economic conditions and production of fruit trees situation are investigated, and then make rational planning for according to the requirement of survey report and production of fruit trees; For large-area hilly and mountainous land, according to different land occupation conditions, erosion zone can be divided into some communities. make the weather in each community, physical features, soil condition and water and soil loss situation unanimous on the whole, so that management and arrangement species and cultivars, reduce water and soil loss and windburn; General 0.8 ~ 2hm ²be a community. with approximate rectangle as well, its long limit is parallel with contour in community; Secondly. be guiding theory with the ecological economy, do erosion and torrent control works well; Be exactly do water and soil conservation well in the key of water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land orchard establishing, so, contour terrace or hill side ditch must be built when building garden kind fruit; Its three, should note solving fertilizer on the spot; Require the green manure base and feed base that adapt with Fruit Trees Development, advocate fruit-bearing forest, fruit herds combination; Its four, water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land retaining water retention capacity is poor, should note utilizing local natural conditions to set up the storing facilities of water such as pond on a hill, reservoir, with solve orchard with water; In addition, also must with the overall plannings such as roadnet, shelter forest and ancillary building, and select as the case may be and configure suitable species and cultivars.

2. fruit growing method in mountain region according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 2, dig cave method: must Land leveling be carried out or fix tread after building garden planning wholely. then according to the seeding row spacing that different fruit tree is planted, reserve planting point, carry out digging cave or ditch, the soil depletion of water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land; The large cave of dark wide each 1m should be dug, when digging, table soil is separated with cubsoil, base manure to be used to change idle soil in cave. base manure can be wild green manure, weeds, branch leaf, crop straw and stock corral fertilizer, compost, nontoxic rubbish, river embankment mud etc., can layering or insert in cave with soil rod platform, thick is filled out at the bottom of cave, tiny be deposited in above, in order in and organic matter decomposition time the volume acidic materials that produce accelerate it and rot, can mix and remove a little lime or people and animals' fecaluria, superphosphate, fused calcium magnesium phosphate etc.; Open base manure of spreading manuer in holes preferably within 1 ~ 2 month before field planting, to carry out, make fertilizer in cave can carry out decomposition for some time and become thoroughly decomposed, and make soil heavy real be conducive to planting survive.

3. fruit growing method in mountain region according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 3, planting technique with plant after management method be: the time of planting should look local weather conditions and seeds and different; Evergreen fruit tree Yichuan, autumn plant, and longan, lichee are generally planted at the plum rain season in 4 ~ May, and the resting stage of deciduous fruit tree after fallen leaves to rudiment plants; The table soil of mixed fertilizer is filled out half and is entered in cave, pile mound shape, getting the nursery stock planning to plant puts in people cave, root system is distributed with unfolding, maybe the root system of the native ball of band is wrapped up in and dip in mud, correct the position and the degree of depth of planting simultaneously, make collar 15 ~ 20cm above ground level, then add the compacting of people's fine earth, and do knoll to collar, then do an annular low bank of earth between fields in tree dish surrounding, water normal root water, finally cover careless moisturizing at tree dish, this is the key ensureing to plant water and soil loss hilly and mountainous land fruit tree survives, and also will found pillar in addition and prevent root system from loosening; After fruit nursery stock is planted, if become a fine day without rain, the 1st week every day watered 1 time, within later every 3 ~ 5 days, watered 1 time, until survive; Be short of seedling if any dead strain and want timely after-culture.