CN107439335A - A kind of large-scale tree implantation method - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale tree implantation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107439335A CN107439335A CN201710426854.XA CN201710426854A CN107439335A CN 107439335 A CN107439335 A CN 107439335A CN 201710426854 A CN201710426854 A CN 201710426854A CN 107439335 A CN107439335 A CN 107439335A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of large-scale tree implantation method, step measures before including plantation, the trimming and pretreatment of tree crown and root system, transplant land soil, the step such as maintenance after standard is planted and planted, excited especially for root processing, root and root conserves, and for the different big Planting patterns of tree families different choice, to adapt to the needs of different type large-scale tree transplanting.The beneficial fruit that the present invention has is：The problem of above the average age for marriage transplanting tree cytothesis ability is weak is can effectively solve the problem that, improves the survival rate of large-scale tree transplanting, by being completely cured in advance, root-promoting hormone and regulation kind plant hole soil regime are sprayed, to improve the power of regeneration of above the average age for marriage tree root.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting tree field, more particularly, to a kind of large-scale tree implantation method.
Background technology
Trees to protect the mankind living environment and the earth the ecological balance play the role of it is great, especially in current city
In city's construction and road project, in order to accelerate urban afforestation speed, the plants configuration in Optimizing City greenery patches and space structure,
Tree grafting growth will be run into, in the process of construction for carrying out afforestation, in order to reach the scape required by landscape architects as early as possible
Effect is seen, often using big tree transplanting；In addition, to carry out allopatric protection or to Gu to the big tree in construction project region
The transplanting that tree name wood will be set greatly when being protected, big tree transplanting has become in the Urban Greening of current city one must not
Technology and means that can be less.
Setting the root system in migration process greatly can largely be injured, and be set greatly because the age of tree is larger, under cytothesis ability
Drop, the recovery of root system are slower.Meanwhile by growth for many years, the big formation for setting new root is mostly in deep layer and crown mapping is attached
Closely, and transplant it is less with the absorption root in soil ball, root water uptake ability is weaker.And set greatly because tree body is tall and big, transpiration is made
With relatively by force, the withered death of transplant big tree is easily caused, influences the survival rate of big tree transplanting, increases Construction Cost.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of large-scale tree implantation method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of large-scale tree implantation method, step are as follows：
Step 1 measurement arboreal growth situation to be planted, carry out reshaping of trees at least six moon in advance and be completely cured；
Step 2 is detected and improved to planting-site soil, excavates kind of a plant hole, plants the shape of plant hole and trees to be planted
Earthen platform form fit；
Step 3 treats the trimming that plantation trees carry out tree crown and root system；
Step 4 selects suitable time, modeling of being completely cured to form soil ball after sticking together and carries out lifting according to tree families to be planted, and rises
Before seedling sprays antitranspirant, and trunk and major branch are wrapped up with straw rope or burlap；
Trees to be planted are transported kind of a plant hole by step 5, need to fix trunk in transportation, pad steady soil by tree crown backward
Ball；
Step 6 sprays root-promoting hormone to tree root, and trees to be planted are implanted into kind of a plant hole, will be banketed back according to earthen platform height
Fill out plant pit and watered, trunk is supported and gone along with sb. to guard him；
Step 7 carries out maintenance management to the trees after transplanting.
Preferably, subregion by stages of being completely cured in step 1 is staggeredly carried out, and scope of being completely cured is 10cm regions in the range of excavation, is completely cured
Soil of area's backfill with humus.
Preferably, step 2 soil improvement standard is that total salt content is less than 0.3%, pH value 6.5-8.5.
Preferably, plant hole diameter is planted in step 2 and is more than earthen platform 30-40cm, plantation acupoint depth 20- more than the height of earthen platform
30cm。
Preferably, in step 3 root system trimming will cleave root, disease pest root, long wipe out, clip must not cleave, and not stay
Hair stubble, trims diameter 2cm above bough and thick root, section scabble, and applies preservative, and tree crown trimming includes sprig cutting back and retained
Export-oriented bud.
Preferably, after suitable time selection early spring soil thaws in step 4 before trees lamina, late autumn autumn growth stop growing,
After into rest period or after early winter soil freezing.
Preferably, sticked together in step 4 according to tree families modeling of being completely cured using square chest pack or soft material pack.
Preferably, banketed in step 6 and mix organic fertilizer or coarse sand.
The present invention has the advantages and positive effects of：Due to using above-mentioned technical proposal, can effectively solve the problem that above the average age for marriage tree
The problem of wood transplanting cytothesis ability is weak, the survival rate of large-scale tree transplanting is improved, by being completely cured in advance, sprays root-promoting hormone
A plant hole soil regime is planted with regulation, to improve the power of regeneration of above the average age for marriage tree root.
Embodiment
One embodiment of the present of invention is explained below.
The present invention relates to a kind of large-scale tree implantation method, and this programme is directed to the transplanting of D >=20cm trees, in transplanting
Before need to work out big tree planting scheme, generally comprise herein below：The overview set greatly.Spot plane arrangement, route situation.Program：
Pruning method and pruning rate including preliminary preparation, big tree planting time, tree crown and root system, lifting transport, load and unload, be fixed
Plant.Quality assurance measure：Including root protection, promoting root growth technology, transport protection, support and fixed, late maintaining management.Equipment is set
Standby, each operation coordination, safety, civilized construction, on-site maintenance measure.Specific transplanting step is as follows：
The growing state of the big tree of field investigation, including seeds, specification, growth potential, hair branch should be arrived before the big tree planting of step 1
Ability, pest and disease damage situation, the measurement height of tree, tree crown, the relevant data of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, understand the age of tree and plant history.Examine, understand big seeds
Above and below ground line distribution, Nearby Structure, symbiosis trees, surrounding environment and the traffic in place are planted, and clears up big seeds
Scene is planted, carries out transplanting plan, reduces the probability for emergency case occur, is avoided because time delay reduces the heavy manual labour of transplanting trees
Rate.
Cutting lateral root before big tree planting：The big tree of excessive tree planting or cutting lateral root is not done within more than 3 years, should be in great Shu
1-2 carries out cutting lateral root before plantation.Really because of duration anxiety, it is completely cured within least in advance 6 months.Cutting lateral root be also referred to as back root,
Packing cuts root, is colonized the big tree of big tree for many years or wild, the particularly diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground in more than 30cm, carries out cutting lateral root, profit
With the power of regeneration of root system, promote trees to form compact root system, to promote the growth hair tonic of absorption root to go out substantial amounts of fibrous root, make
Big tree can form the absorption root that can largely take away in transplanting.Be completely cured should by stages, subregion staggeredly carry out, scope of being completely cured for excavate model
Interior 10cm regions are enclosed, area of being completely cured should be backfilled containing the more soil of humus, be completely cured provide the laundering period to transplant big tree in advance, adjust
Big tree cyclical level, improves transplanting survival rate.
Before step 2 kind plant hole excavates, it should be understood that pipeline and things concealed bury situation above and below the ground.Should before big tree planting
Physicochemical property, the degree of mineralization of ground water analysis of soil are done to planting-site, soil should reach total salt content less than 0.3%, and pH value is
Between 6.5-8.5, if soil does not meet conditions above, reply plant land reform is good, is provided for big tree to be transplanted more gentle
Environmental condition, conveniently wait that transplanting big tree shakes down, and improves survival rate.The fixed point of kind plant hole should be met the following requirements：Position
Accurately, center and planting hole sideline are indicated.Kind of plant hole size, the depth, should according to big tree specification, earthen platform size, shape and
Depending on soil regime, the diameter in cave is bigger 30-40cm than earthen platform, the highly deep 20-30cm in depth ratio earthen platform, and kind plant hole should use sufficient bottom
Fertilizer, and prepare enough plant soil and be used to be colonized.
Step 3 treats the trimming that plantation trees carry out tree crown and root system；Tree crown pruning rate should be according to seeds habit, tree crown
The factors such as upgrowth situation, big tree planting season, traffic condition, excavation mode, planting-site condition determine, need to typically trim intersection
Branch, overlapping branch, cella branch, horizontal branch, the branch of excessive growth, descending branch and root turion, preferably retain original tree-like after trimming.Root system pruning need by
Splitting root, disease pest root, long wipe out, clip must not cleave, and not stay hair stubble, trim diameter 2cm above bough and thick root, section
Scabble, and apply preservative, sprig cutting back retains export-oriented bud.
Step 4 selects suitable time according to tree families to be planted, during general early spring need to after soil defrosting trees lamina
Before, late autumn when need to be stopped growing in autumn growth, need to be after soil freezing into after rest period, during early winter.Modeling of being completely cured sticks together laggard
Row lifting, transplanting trees spray antitranspirant need to be treated by playing before seedling, prevent the transpiration of trees, trunk is wrapped up with straw rope or burlap
And major branch, it is same to reduce transpiration, also there is protective effect to trees；According to tree families be completely cured modeling stick together using square chest pack and
One kind in soft material pack.The Deciduous tree that growth is normal, easily survives, soft material can be used in normal big tree planting season
Pack；The Deciduous tree of evergreen tree, the weaker and more difficult big tree planting of growth, can use soft material pack, put if necessary
Big earthen platform and with the big tree planting of square chest pack；It is soft in should using for the big tree planting of non-favorable season to grow normal Deciduous tree
The big tree planting of material pack.
Square chest pack is generally used for the relatively low Nursery stock transplanting of soil texture compactness, and it is square soil that nursery stock root, which is excavated,
Platform；The wooden-box package method of packing method generally use hardness.Wooden case refers to, using angle steel and channel-section steel as skeleton, plank is fixed on into steel
On skeleton, and equal-sized 4 pieces of isosceles trapezoid planks (60 ° -70 ° of base angle) and two pieces of middle parts are made as with half round cut
Plank, earthen platform are excavated, and it is that small big four sides under plank then is clamped into earthen platform, band half round cut to draw shoveling platform bottom and be completely cured
Plank filled in from bottom two sides, and with screw fix plank.This method is easy to lift by crane and protect soil ball, particularly looseness of soil,
Be difficult to carry soil ball in the case of it is particularly feasible.It is noted that drawing shoveling ball bottom subsoil in square chest pack implementation process
When, waist hoop must be first made soil ball, to avoid soil ball loose.
Square chest pack packaging process is：The straw rope moistened in advance is made in order, the skirt-roof rope in the middle part of soil ball, first by straw rope
One end is pressed in below soil ball lateral tie, then horizontal bundle round and round；People's cooperation side is drawn and twined, while beaing grass with wooden mallet (or brick, stone)
Restrict, it is degree to make the slightly embedded soil ball of rope, and often enclosing straw rope should be closely coupled, leaves no gaps, and overall width reaches the high 1/4-1/3 of soil ball, extremely
During last lap, fag end is pressed in below the circle, redundance is cut off after tightening up；After soil ball waist hoop is accomplished fluently, in soil ball bottom
Downward to dig a circle ditch and inwardly scalp soil, until leaving 1/4-1/5 cubsoil, so favourable straw rope is not easy to release around bottom edge,
Then straw rope turk's head is used；After flower hoop is accomplished fluently, then main root is cut off, complete the excavation and wrapping of soil ball；The mode of turk's head is main
There are jing character type bandaging strapping, five angie type bandaging strappings, 3 kinds of orange formula bandaging strapping.
Soft material pack is generally used for the high nursery stock of soil texture compactness or the nursery stock of transportation range relative close moves
Plant.After nursery stock is chosen, the diameter of shoveling ball and height can be determined according to the size of the nursery stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.In general, soil ball is straight
Footpath is 6-8 times of the nursery stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and soil ball is excessive, easily dissipates ball and can increase transport difficult；Soil ball is too small, can injure again excessive
Root system influences to survive.So the size of soil ball is also contemplated that the different and local edaphic conditions of nursery stock seeds, preferably exist
Scene examination digs one plant, observes Root Distribution situation, then determine soil ball size.
Soft material pack specific operation process is：Using trunk as the center of circle, circle is drawn by 20cm bigger than soil ball diameter size,
The wide 60cm of outside vertical excavation ditch, depth and the soil ball determined are highly equal；When excavating to the half of prescribed depth, gradually
To contract, bottom footpath is set in up big and down small starring apple shape, then to repair soil ball table with iron milling for 1/3 of footpath in soil ball
Face, make soil ball shoulder, surrounding round and smooth；Then with the soft material turk's head such as straw rope；The mode of turk's head mainly has jing character type wrapping
Method, five angie type bandaging strappings, 3 kinds of orange formula bandaging strapping.
Rise before seedling should carry out tree crown prick tie up and support.Wood can be clashed with 3 during support, be aided with the big side that bed course is fixed on trees
On branch or trunk, prevent tree body from tilting, shaking.Or tree body is fixed with three ropes, wherein one must be upper in prevailing wind direction, other
Two are uniformly distributed.
Trees to be planted are transported kind of a plant hole by step 5, need to fix trunk in transportation, pad steady soil by tree crown backward
Platform, trees are tightly toggled with vehicle body with rope, avoid damaging earthen platform and damage bark, and use Water-retaining Measure, played after seedling and work as
Big tree planting trees as the same day can not transplant, should be unloaded to kind of plant hole and fixation by its transport, same day plant.Big tree handling
Should slowly lift by crane, slowly unload and hang, must not damage and tree body and cause earthen platform to be scattered, during transport on car must someone escort, meet electricity
The barrier of the influences such as line transport, it is necessary to after exclusion, can continue to transport.
Need to spray root-promoting hormone to tree root before step 6 transplanting, trees to be planted are implanted into kind of a plant hole, according to earthen platform height
Banketing for organic fertilizer or coarse sand will be mixed backfill plant pit and to be watered, trunk is supported and gone along with sb. to guard him, specific method for transplanting should
Meet following requirements：
A. before implantation kind plant hole, kind of plant hole size and a depth should be checked, complies with root growth requirement.Earthen platform bottom has
It is scattered, should be banketed in plant pit corresponding site, avoids plant pit empty.
B. regarding the height backfill plant pit of earthen platform, root neck position 5cm above ground level or so is kept.
C. when lifting in place, the former plant direction of big tree should be kept.
D. not perishable packing material must be removed.Tree body is fixed with wood or cable support in an opposite direction, boxboard is removed, tree root is sprayed
Apply root-promoting hormone.
E. by cut-and-dried topsoil, appropriate organic fertilizer or the appropriate addition uniform mix of coarse sand is mixed, plant pit is inserted, while filling out
Enter side compacting, avoid occurring space around root system, be backfilled to higher than root neck 5cm or so, carry out hydrosphere.
F. first pass water was irrigated at that time after transplanting, and second time water is poured in three days, pours and irrigates.Pay attention to filling and leading up plant pit during this period
The sinking position that surrounding occurs.
G. it must be supported and go along with sb. to guard him after big tree plant.The big square of flow of the people, pavement, should also lay ventilative material
Material.
H. the tree crown that should be kept after transplanting at least one month is sprayed and trunk moisturizing.Trunk moisturizing can use straw rope by trunk
All pack together, it is sooner or later each daily to spray water once.
Should be carried out after big tree planting trimming, stripping bud, foliage dressing, watering, draining, set air partition, cool canopy, wrap up trunk,
The work of the maintenance managements such as the cold-proof and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.Gusseted is preferably used in the support set greatly, and trunk branching-point with top
Position is fixed with manila rope.One of trivet clashes wood and must be supported at direction windward, clashes wood for three and is uniformly distributed.When big tree planting
When trees are with land subsidence, support should be loosened in time, avoids hanging stake.
Step 7 carries out maintenance management to the trees after transplanting, necessary maintenance management meticulously 2 years after trees field planting, and makees
Good maintenance management daily record；Should be steady and sure by cofferdam around kind of plant hole after plant, first pass water was irrigated after plant at that time, the is poured in three days
Two times water, pour and irrigate, and pour within 10-15 days the 3rd time water, then seal cave in time, are watered in time according to weather condition and soil moisture content later
Or tree crown spraying.It is too urgent that current are avoided in watering, such as cave soil depression, big tree tilt, answers timely righting to earth up.Winter resin stops flowing
When, it should irrigate and freeze water and seal cave, when early spring resin starts flowing or sprig greening, plant pit should be opened wide and pour water of turning green.
After big tree planting, maintenance management work should be carried out：Regular tillage and weeding.Preventing and treating pest and disease damage in time.When having a damage caused by a drought i.e.
When water, drained flooded fields immediately after rain, reduce the unfavorable factor of arboreal growth；Quick-acting fertilizer is applied according to arboreal growth situation in time or had
Machine fertilizer；Trimmed in good time, the principle of trimming is to trim sick branch, injured branch, withered branch, based on overstocked branch, keep big tree
Naturally tree-like and tree vigo(u)r it is balanced；Second Year after trees survive starts bud picking, stays bud to be set according to Pine growth potential and from now on
It is preced with demand for development to carry out, stays high-order strong bud more, be thinning out dense clump bud.The big tree of cutting strunk should cultivate setting major branch；When being air-dried
When, reply trunk, tree crown, trunk binder are respectively sprayed once to increase tree body humidity sooner or later, can be sprayed in arid season to tree crown
Antitranspirant is applied, reduces Transpiration Intensity；When a large amount of fallen leaves occurs in deciduous tree, ascertain the reason, adopt an effective measure in time, promote
Sprouting sprouts；It heap thing or must not carry out influenceing the operation that survives of trees around trees, prevent artificial damage；Close on construction site
Big tree planting trees, should outside tree crown 2m, if fence is protected；Surviving the winter for aiphyllium is cold-proof, should set up air partition, in the west set greatly
The north sets up air partition at away from tree 0.5m, and air partition highly exceedes more than height of tree 30cm.Deciduous tree should in the winter time using ridging,
The closely knit winding straw rope of trunk or the measure such as cold-proof cloth, trunk whitewashing carry out cold-proof；Tree support facility is inspected periodically, is loosened
When reinforce in time, avoid the accidents such as wind-fall occur.
One embodiment of the present of invention is described in detail above, but the content is only the preferable implementation of the present invention
Example, it is impossible to be considered as the practical range for limiting the present invention.All equivalent changes made according to the present patent application scope and improvement
Deng, all should still belong to the present invention patent covering scope within.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. large-scale tree implantation method, it is characterised in that：Step is as follows：Step 1 measurement arboreal growth situation to be planted, carry out reshaping of trees at least six moon in advance and be completely cured；Step 2 is detected and improved to planting-site soil, excavates kind of a plant hole, plants the shape of plant hole and trees earthen platform to be planted Form fit；Step 3 treats the trimming that plantation trees carry out tree crown and root system；Step 4 selects suitable time, modeling of being completely cured to form soil ball after sticking together and carries out lifting according to tree families to be planted, and plays before seedling Antitranspirant is sprayed, trunk and major branch are wrapped up with straw rope or burlap；Trees to be planted are transported kind of a plant hole by step 5, need to fix trunk in transportation, pad steady soil ball by tree crown backward；Step 6 sprays root-promoting hormone to tree root, and trees to be planted are implanted into kind of a plant hole, will be banketed according to earthen platform height and backfill tree Cave is simultaneously watered, and trunk is supported and gone along with sb. to guard him；Step 7 carries out maintenance management to the trees after transplanting.
- A kind of 2. large-scale tree implantation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is completely cured by stages in the step 1 Subregion is staggeredly carried out, and scope of being completely cured is 10cm regions in the range of excavation, soil of area's backfill with humus of being completely cured.
- A kind of 3. large-scale tree implantation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 2 soil improvement mark Standard is less than 0.3% for total salt content, pH value 6.5-8.5.
- A kind of 4. large-scale tree implantation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is straight that plant hole is planted in the step 2 Footpath is more than earthen platform 30-40cm, plantation acupoint depth 20-30cm more than the height of earthen platform.
- A kind of 5. large-scale tree implantation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Root system repaiies in the step 3 To cut and wipe out splitting root, disease pest root, long, clip must not cleave, and not stay hair stubble, trim diameter 2cm above bough and thick root, Section scabbles, and applies preservative, and tree crown trimming includes sprig cutting back and retains export-oriented bud.
- A kind of 6. large-scale tree implantation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Suitable time in the step 4 Selection early spring soil thaw after before trees lamina, late autumn autumn growth stop growing, into rest period after or early winter soil freezing with Afterwards.
- A kind of 7. large-scale tree implantation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：According to trees in the step 4 Species modeling of being completely cured sticks together using square chest pack or soft material pack.
- A kind of 8. large-scale tree implantation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Banketed in the step 6 mixed with Machine fertilizer or coarse sand.
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| CN108849376A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-11-23 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Yi Zhong Mango naked method for transplanting of big tree cutting strunk |
| CN110604030A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-12-24 | 广州市绿化公司 | Seedling transplanting method |
| CN111066545A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-04-28 | 广州普邦园林股份有限公司 | Method for preventing Duying transplantation ulcer disease |
| CN112106583A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-22 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings |
| CN112861206A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 重庆市工程管理有限公司 | Tree transplanting planning design method based on BIM technology |
| CN112868490A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-01 | 重庆市工程管理有限公司 | BIM technology-based transplanting planning design method for trees with bird nests |
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| CN108849376A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-11-23 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Yi Zhong Mango naked method for transplanting of big tree cutting strunk |
| CN110604030A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-12-24 | 广州市绿化公司 | Seedling transplanting method |
| CN111066545A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-04-28 | 广州普邦园林股份有限公司 | Method for preventing Duying transplantation ulcer disease |
| CN111066545B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2022-01-14 | 广州普邦园林股份有限公司 | Method for preventing Duying transplantation ulcer disease |
| CN112106583A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-22 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings |
| CN112861206A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 重庆市工程管理有限公司 | Tree transplanting planning design method based on BIM technology |
| CN112868490A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-01 | 重庆市工程管理有限公司 | BIM technology-based transplanting planning design method for trees with bird nests |
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Application publication date: 20171208 |