CN109392582A - A kind of massif slope surface implantation methods - Google Patents

A kind of massif slope surface implantation methods Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109392582A
CN109392582A CN201811436716.0A CN201811436716A CN109392582A CN 109392582 A CN109392582 A CN 109392582A CN 201811436716 A CN201811436716 A CN 201811436716A CN 109392582 A CN109392582 A CN 109392582A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
massif
slope surface
sowing
construction
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CN201811436716.0A
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Inventor
刘璐璐
孙延军
李琪安
孙亚男
叶蔚
江素珍
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Shenzhen Garden Ltd By Share Ltd
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Shenzhen Garden Ltd By Share Ltd
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Priority to CN201811436716.0A priority Critical patent/CN109392582A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20Securing of slopes or inclines

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of massif slope surface implantation methods, including with scaffold building, iron wire hanging net spray sowing;Drainage system, the distribution engineering to electrical component setting power supply structure, setting step riding track, backfill planting soil and the seedling growth greening that step, extension three dimensional network spray sowing, setting are poured to vegetation, the present invention is by realizing technical research to massif natural landscape, establish the innovation system of perfect massif reparation and revegetation, enhancing massif answers green persistent technological innovation capability, accelerate the Demonstration And Extension of new technology, adaptation to local conditions adjusts nursery stock type, answers green engineering for massif and provides permanently effective ecology support;Meanwhile by implementing nursery stock afforestation project, local nursery stock markets are stimulated, the development in market is driven.By answering green correlation theories knowledge as theoretical direction using massif, gradually improves the exposed adverse circumstances of massif, improve soil property, reduce soil erosion, improve massif ecosystem stability.

Description

A kind of massif slope surface implantation methods
Technical field
The present invention relates to hill afforestating technical field, specifically a kind of massif slope surface implantation methods.
Background technique
With the quickening of urbanization process, the fast development of urban infrastructure construction, the engineerings such as railway, highway, dykes and dams Large scale construction has very important influence to the development of social economy and life, but brings serious environment again simultaneously and ask Topic.Due to the movable extensive implementation of all kinds of engineering constructions, massif, the environmental condition of side slope are generally poor, and especially city is built If, the causes such as railway construction and the massif and side slope destroyed be presented that the stone that is unearthed is exposed, corrodes and the quite serious scape in landslide mostly As or even bio-diversity being caused to reduce, the huge disaster such as natural ecosystems are unbalance.
As China's massif answers the fast development of green technology and side slope protection technology, the quality that people build it is also proposed that Higher requirement, is not only required to be effectively prevented massif, slope surface soil erosion, consolidates roadbed;Also require it that can beautify With improvement environment, the natural hill ecoscape for integrating safeguard function, ecological functions, landscape function is formed.Currently, for The afforestation technique of natural hill ecoscape mainly passes through alien earth sparging class technology and plants raw class technology.The former construction method is simple Single, mechanization degree is high, and the latter needs to trim planting groove or plantation platform more, and civil engineering comes that is larger, Seed spraying technology compared with Be it is advanced, be widely used;The basic principle is that by materials such as soil, organic matter fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, water-retaining agent, adhesive, vegetable seeds After material mixes, mixture is ejected into slope surface surface layer using machinery is gushed, it is uniform by late maintaining, vegetal cover, it is whole green Change effect it is good, but technology there are soil moved in improve the original layer not resistance of rainwater washing against, be easy to fall off, vegetation be easy degenerate, steep side slope application difficult The problems such as.According to construction site forest survey, a variety of multiple green mode comprehensive improvements are used in conjunction with specific details, sufficiently The advantages of playing every technology, reaches vegetation and easily survives, the purpose of Yi Zaojing.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, there is presently provided a kind of massif slope surface implantation methods.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of massif slope surface implantation methods, to solve mentioned above in the background art ask Topic.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of massif slope surface implantation methods, comprising the following steps: step 1: scaffold building;Step 2: iron wire hanging net spray is mixed Plant life;Step 3: hanging three dimensional network spray sowing;Step 4: the drainage system that setting is poured to vegetation;Step 5: being set to electrical component Set the distribution engineering of power supply structure;Step 6: setting step riding track;Step 7: backfill planting soil;Step 8: seedling growth is green Change;
Scaffold building includes: and sets up preparation (frame body basis) → putting the upright bar position line → to erect main upright bar in the step 1 → place the small cross bar of leger → placement → paving foot handsheet → binding diagonal brace and bridging → setting wall connecting rod → binding foot guard plate → hang up safety net;
In the step 2 iron wire hanging net spray sowing include: side slope cleaning, surveying setting-out, anchor bolt construction, linked network construction, Soil moved in improve the original stirring, alien earth sparging, covering non-woven fabrics, maintenance management;
Extension three dimensional network spray sowing in the step 3 includes: cleaning slope surface → laying reinforcement three-dimension vegetative net → fixation Reinforcement three-dimension vegetative net → being injected with passenger's soil → grass-seed of sowing grass seeds by duster → covering non-woven fabrics → maintenance management.
Setting step riding track in the step 6 includes: that retaining wall, earth-retaining is arranged in stone field Slope foot portion hierarchy About in 120cm, then step riding track width carries out backfill planting soil about in 300~400cm, finally carries out wall height Seedling growth greening;
Backfill planting soil in the step 7 includes: that can carry out backfill planting soil after the completion of foot of the hill retaining wall is constructed and apply Work is backfilled soil thickness up to 1 meter or more, is backfilled using machinery and plant indigenous method;
Nursery stock afforestation project in the step 8 includes place processing and soil improvement, artificial growth tree and shrubs, lacks Fall into rectification and spare safeguard measure.
As a further solution of the present invention: all rod piece connections must use bolt fastening, each node in the step 1 Bolt be intended to tighten (45~60Nm), scaffold is answered smooth vertical and horizontal.
As a further solution of the present invention: scaffold uses fastener type steel pipe scaffold, diameter of steel tube in the step 1 Seamless or seamed steel pipe is pricked for the heat of 48mm, wall thickness 3mm, is used as principal post, small cross bar, diagonal brace etc.;Connecting elements is using revolution Button, right angle button to buckle and refute core;Pedestal is made of ф 40mm and 4-5mm steel plate, the feet for principal post;Scaffold board uses Bamboo and wood or guiding principle scaffold board, and single or double-pole scaffold is selected according to construction site actual conditions.
As a further solution of the present invention: the side slope cleaning in the step 2 are as follows: by slope leveling, in favor of hanging iron The construction of silk screen spray sowing, while increasing slope greening effect, cleaning object is scar rubble, unconsolidated formation, slope surface before constructing Camber average out to ± 10cm, maximum are no more than ± 30cm, are more than the position of 30cm for side slope part male and fomale(M&F), take artificial Method, to this male and fomale(M&F) periphery carry out it is whole scabble, cut suitable, avoid urgent drop, and fix to the linked network at this position, anchor pole is wanted Deepen, encryption;
Guarantee that anchor pole spacing is 1.0m in surveying setting-out;
Anchor bolt construction: anchor pole is squeezed into after can drilling according to formation hardness with air drill, mantle of rock is reinforced, side is prevented Local avalanche occurs for slope surface layer, while the galvanized net as alien earth sparging basis can also be effectively fixed;
Linked network construction: unreeling from top to bottom, and the adjacent galvanized net of volume two uses φ 2.4mm iron wire to connect respectively, finally using master Secondary anchor pole is fixed with scar, steel wire specification and property: galvanized wire mesh, diamond structure;String diameter 14# mesh: 50mm X 50mm Packing specification: wide 3m, long 30m;Soil moved in improve the original stirring: by rock afforest material, the special greening agent of import, long-acting complex planting special fertilizer, The materials such as mixing sowing seed, local earth material, plant fiber are stirred mixing;
Alien earth sparging: plantation substrate is in dry powdered form after mixing in proportion, with dedicated removed-earth jet sowing machine in high-power air Under the wind pressure of compressor, plantation substrate is equably sprayed into rock table stone;
Cover non-woven fabrics: sowing grass seeds by duster, superficial layer covers non-woven fabrics, washes away caused by reducing because of precipitation amount to seed, together When also reduce the evaporation of side slope surface moisture content, to further improve the germination of seed, growing environment;
Maintenance management: A: regular water seasoning shortened into the level ground period;B: non-woven fabrics is opened in time;C: it sprays high efficiency fertilizer, promote It is grown into sowing wood;D: spraying pesticide, pre- preventing disease and pest;E: weeds are periodically removed.
As a further solution of the present invention: the operational procedure of the setting step riding track in the step 6 includes as follows Surveying and locating, retaining wall construction, backfill planting soil and seedling growth.
As a further solution of the present invention: the backfill planting soil concrete technology in the step 7 includes excavating kind as follows Plant soil, transport planting soil and backfill planting soil.
As a further solution of the present invention: the spare safeguard measure in step 8 includes: that 1, selection as far as possible was transplanted Trees, 2, using the nursery stock of temporary planting, 3, pay attention to it is appropriate increase soil ball, 4, mostly use and transplanted under potting nursery stock.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is by realizing that technology is ground to massif natural landscape Study carefully, establish the innovation system of perfect massif reparation and revegetation, enhancing massif answers green persistent technological innovation capability, accelerates new The Demonstration And Extension of technology, adaptation to local conditions adjust nursery stock type, answer green engineering for massif and provide permanently effective ecology support;Together When, by implementing nursery stock afforestation project, local nursery stock markets are stimulated, the development in market is driven.By with the multiple green related reason of massif It is theoretical direction by knowledge, gradually improves the exposed adverse circumstances of massif, improve soil property, reduce soil erosion, improve mountain Body ecosystem stability forms good natural landscape effect, promotes green tour's expanding economy.
Specific embodiment
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, it is clear that described embodiment Only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field Art personnel every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects It encloses.
Embodiment 1
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of massif slope surface implantation methods, including 1, scaffold building;2, iron wire hanging net sprays mixed planting It is raw;3, three dimensional network spray sowing is hung;4, water supply and sewage work (including irrigation system, intercepting ditch, gutter, retaining wall, setting pot); 5, distribution engineering;6, step riding track is set;7, planting soil is backfilled;8, seedling growth is afforested.It is class concrete measure using this Can with the high and steep side soil of effective solution with the problems such as certainly will contact not close, Lack of support, be easy to fall off, in combination with geology The perennial native vegetations such as resistance to poor drought-enduring and growth rapid Qiao, filling, grass for choosing, effective solution massif high precipitous rock slope The easy degeneration of draft, maintenance cost are low;And do not have the problems such as good visual Landscape effect.
The scaffold building includes: to set up preparation (frame body basis) → putting the upright bar position line → to erect main upright bar → placement big The small cross bar of cross bar → placement → paving foot handsheet → binding diagonal brace and bridging → setting wall connecting rod → binding foot guard plate → hang up peace The whole network.All rod piece connections must use bolt fastening, and the bolt of each node is intended to tighten (45~60Nm), scaffold Ying Heng It is flat vertical;
Because live mountain shape bumps are steep, scaffold rear is first installed in slope surface can be carried out construction, and scaffold uses Fastener type steel pipe scaffold, diameter of steel tube 48mm, wall thickness 3mm heat prick seamless or seamed steel pipe, be used as principal post, small cross bar, Diagonal brace etc.;Connecting elements is using revolution button, right angle button, to buckle and refute core;Pedestal is made of ф 40mm and 4-5mm steel plate, is used In the feet of principal post;Scaffold board uses bamboo and wood or guiding principle scaffold board.And single or double foot is selected according to construction site actual conditions Hand cradle first carries out site clearing for set in brickwork position important affair, to carry out intensive treatment especially for the soft ground of soil property, tool After standby operating condition, the work of setting up of scaffold can be carried out, the work of setting up of scaffold will be in strict accordance with professional construction skill Art regulation enforcement.
The iron wire hanging net spray sowing includes: side slope cleaning, surveying setting-out, anchor bolt construction, linked network is constructed, soil moved in improve the original stirs It mixes, alien earth sparging, covering non-woven fabrics, maintenance management.
Side slope cleaning: as far as possible by slope leveling, in favor of the construction of iron wire hanging net spray sowing, while increasing slope greening Effect, cleaning object be scar rubble, unconsolidated formation, construct before slope surface camber average out to ± 10cm, maximum be no more than ± 30cm is more than the position of 30cm for side slope part male and fomale(M&F), takes artificial method, carries out whole cut to this male and fomale(M&F) periphery It is flat, it cuts suitable, avoids urgent drop, and fix to the linked network at this position, anchor pole will be deepened, encryption;
Surveying setting-out: guarantee anchor pole spacing is 1.0m;
Anchor bolt construction: anchor pole is squeezed into after can drilling according to formation hardness with air drill, mantle of rock is reinforced, side is prevented Local avalanche occurs for slope surface layer, while the galvanized net as alien earth sparging basis can also be effectively fixed.
Linked network construction: unreeling from top to bottom, and the adjacent galvanized net of volume two uses φ 2.4mm iron wire to connect respectively, finally using master Secondary anchor pole is fixed with scar, steel wire specification and property: galvanized wire mesh, diamond structure;String diameter 14# mesh: 50mm X 50mm Packing specification: wide 3m, long 30m;
Soil moved in improve the original stirring: by rock afforest material, the special greening agent of import, long-acting complex planting special fertilizer, mix sowing seed, The materials such as local earth material, plant fiber are stirred mixing;
Alien earth sparging: plantation substrate is in dry powdered form after mixing in proportion, with dedicated removed-earth jet sowing machine in high-power air Under the wind pressure of compressor, plantation substrate is equably sprayed into rock table stone, adds water simultaneously in the other equipment of nozzle, in this way It is exactly humidity on rock that plantation substrate, which is fallen in,.Injection design is with a thickness of 10 ± 1cm;Jet thickness is the pass of plant growth from now on Where key, this link should thickness be check at any time to guarantee construction quality, after the completion of vegetable seeds soil moved in improve the original of sowing grass seeds by duster injection, to its nature It air-dries 4~12 hours, can just carry out the grass-seed work of sowing grass seeds by duster of surface layer.Its method of sowing grass seeds by duster, being exactly will be small with promoting seed to sprout It the seed adhesive agent (also referred to as soil conditioner) of seedling growth, paper pulp fiber, compound fertilizer, moisturizer, grass seeds and a certain amount of pours Water is dissolved in hydroseeder and being sufficiently stirred by machinery, forms uniform mixed liquor, and then by the effect of high-pressure pump, will mix Liquid high-speed uniform is injected in the slope surface handled well, is attached to earth's surface and soil seed forms an organic whole, collection Biological energy source, chemical energy, mechanical energy have the advantages that high-efficient, at low cost, labor intensive is small, fast at level ground in one;
Cover non-woven fabrics: sowing grass seeds by duster, superficial layer covers non-woven fabrics, washes away caused by reducing because of precipitation amount to seed, together When also reduce the evaporation of side slope surface moisture content, to further improve the germination of seed, growing environment;
Maintenance management: A: regular water seasoning shortened into the level ground period;B: non-woven fabrics is opened in time;C: it sprays high efficiency fertilizer, promote It is grown into sowing wood;D: spraying pesticide, pre- preventing disease and pest;E: weeds are periodically removed.
Hanging three dimensional network spray sowing includes:
Cleaning slope surface → → sow grass seeds by duster laying reinforcement three-dimension vegetative net by fixation reinforcement three-dimension vegetative net → being injected with passenger's soil → Grass-seed → covering non-woven fabrics → maintenance management;
Cleaning leveling slope surface: generally being handled by artificial means, cleaning slope surface float stone, surface dust etc., and accomplishes processing Slope surface afterwards tilt it is consistent, smooth, exist with other sundries without big stone is prominent, so that it is conducive to substrate and rock machine surface Natural combination;Be laid with reinforcement three-dimension vegetative net: reinforcement three dimensional network (500g/ ㎡) top of the slope extend 100cm embedment intercepting ditch or In soil, then slope shoulder is arrived in tiling from top to bottom, and 10cm is taken between adjacent net and net, and net is close to slope surface aptychus folding and hanging phenomenon;Gu Determine reinforcement three-dimension vegetative net: the U-shaped steel nail that main shaft nail selects Ф 10mm reinforcing bar to be made into, top of the slope holdfast spacing 50cm, slope surface holdfast Spacing 100cm, Ф 10mmU fashioned iron follows closely side length a 300mm, another side length 800-1000mm, wide 100mm.When fixed, net will be drawn Tightly, nail is close to slope surface with net.In addition, for land waste type side slope, some Special nails can be used and be fixed, as L-type steel nail, Nailing etc.;Be injected with passenger's soil: organic soil moved in improve the original is made of planting soil, organic matter, fertilizer, adhesive and water-retaining agent, wherein soil Earth,
Sawdust and organic fertilizer must be by falling choosing, and for sieve screen apertures mesh having a size of 18~20mm, their mixing ratio by weight is 10: 0.8:0.06:0.01:0.0012;After preparation is ready, uniformly mixed organic substrate is sprayed on slope surface using spraying machine, Injection should be carried out from front as far as possible, and concavo-convex portion and dead angle position will spray sufficiently, and the average thickness of injection is 6cm, to protect Card organic substrate can provide enough nutrients and moisture needed for lawn growth;It sows grass seeds by duster grass-seed: after the completion of soil moved in improve the original injection, to its nature It air-dries 4~12 hours, can just carry out the grass-seed work of sowing grass seeds by duster of surface layer.Its method of sowing grass seeds by duster, being exactly will be small with promoting seed to sprout It the seed adhesive agent (also referred to as soil conditioner) of seedling growth, paper pulp fiber, compound fertilizer, moisturizer, grass seeds and a certain amount of pours Water is dissolved in hydroseeder and being sufficiently stirred by machinery, forms uniform mixed liquor, and then by the effect of high-pressure pump, will mix Liquid high-speed uniform is injected in the slope surface handled well, is attached to earth's surface and soil seed forms an organic whole, collection Biological energy source, chemical energy, mechanical energy have the advantages that high-efficient, at low cost, labor intensive is small, fast at level ground in one;Covering third Synthetic fibre non-woven fabrics: sowing grass seeds by duster, superficial layer covers non-woven fabrics, washes away caused by reducing because of precipitation amount to seed, while also reducing side The evaporation of slope surface moisture content, to further improve the germination of seed, growing environment;Maintenance management: A: regular water seasoning, contracting It is short at the level ground period;B: non-woven fabrics is opened in time;C: it sprays high efficiency fertilizer, promote the growth of sowing wood;D: spraying pesticide, pre- disease-resistant Evil;E: weeds are periodically removed.
Step riding track is arranged: in stone field, retaining wall is arranged in Slope foot portion hierarchy, and retaining wall height about exists Then 120cm, step riding track width carry out backfill planting soil about in 300~400cm, finally carry out seedling growth greening. Operational procedure is as follows: surveying and locating, retaining wall construction, backfill planting soil, seedling growth.
It backfills planting soil: after the completion of the construction of foot of the hill retaining wall, backfill planting soil construction can be carried out, backfill soil thickness up to 1 Meter or more, it is backfilled using machinery and plants indigenous method, the specific process is as follows: excavating planting soil, transport planting soil and backfill planting soil.
Excavating planting soil includes line setting, mechanical shoveling and cleaning leveling.
Transporting plantation includes selecting vehicle functional, that compartment closing is preferable, certificate is complete, in strict accordance with specified line Road traveling accomplishes haulage vehicle non-overloading, and compartment top is all covered with tarpaulin, and planting soil is avoided in transportational process to be scattered pollution Road and surrounding enviroment.
Backfill planting soil includes clearing up on the terrace of foundation pit bottom, examining soil property and the levelling examination of finishing, should be by base soil before banketing On cave or the sundries such as tree root, rubbish on substrate surface be all disposed, remove clean, examine soil property: examining backfill The type of material, partial size, there is no-sundries, if meet regulation, after embankment is fully completed, it is levelling that surface should carry out bracing wire, all to be more than The place of standard elevation, is evened out according to line in time;It is levelling should to mend soil for all places lower than standard elevation.
Nursery stock afforestation project technology:
1, place processing and soil improvement
A, sundries is removed
Level ground bed is no less than the buildings such as grass roots, stub, tree root, chad, the building waste at 10cm below to remove completely.
B, it turns over
Manually or engine plow overturns soil, depth about 5~15cm.It rakes the soil level in the location ploughed through, with broken soil Block improves the pellet structure and surface soil consistency of soil.
C, smooth
It is thick smooth: to carry out the contour processing of bed surface.Stake nail between the fixed gradient, entire level ground bed design one Ideal horizontal plane, the draining on surface are suitable for that gradient is 5%.It is thin smooth: to draw a steel pad or lath that level ground bed is harrowed with a rope It is flat.
D, soil improvement
Base manure is added by the dosage of 2kg/m2 in soil in 15cm or appropriate chicken manure, uniform stirring simultaneously carry out appropriate town Pressure;Soil for PH less than 5.5 or greater than 7.4 carries out pH value and adjusts
2, artificial growth arbor, shrub
A, unwrapping wire pinpoints: according to design drawing ratio, by the location layout of trees various in design drawing, reflection is real to engineering The process of border place corresponding position, it is to guarantee that nursery stock layout meets the major measure of design requirement.Unwrapping wire positioning is answered faithful to Design drawing, it is contemplated that when some concrete conditions in place or have with former land occupation condition conflict, obtaining site supervision Shi Tongyi Under the premise of, make adjustment appropriate.
B, kind of plant hole and basal dressing are dug: after fixed point, carrying out digging cave according to related requirement, while meeting the tendency of organic fertilizer and marching into the arena, and It is spread on cave side.
C, nursery stock specification and transport: nursery stock before plant hole excavates process completion, is wanted by building site responsible person by design specification Ask selection and confirmation of marking.
D, plantation watering: no matter which kind of weather, any plant should all transplant after the completion of i.e. fill once enough root waters.Fill fixed When root water, hydraulic pressure be should not be too large, and is avoided directly washing away soil ball and is caused root system exposed, and pay attention to protecting and repairing colector ring, can be divided Repeatedly watering, it is desirable that soil ball and soil suction moisture, and spray trunk and branches and leaves in right amount, generally pour second of water every 1 day, then every Pour third time water within 2 days.
E, it is cleared up after plant: rubbish formed in operation process is made an overall screening, timely hole is buried or transported outward, and keeps greenery patches And ground cleaning nearby.
3, defect is rectified and improved
After the completion of integrated engineering project, organizational technology, construction personnel to carry out all fronts inspection to this project engineering, place is flat Whether whole degree is qualified;Whether nursery stock kind, specification meet design requirement;Whether plantation arrangement embodies design idea, for examining The problem of looking into, implement processing scheme one by one, carry out defect rectification at once, it is ensured that integrated greening effect.
4, other technology safeguard measures
(1) selection of seedling
For certain plants, it may be in non-favorable season plantation, therefore, when purchasing nursery stock, in order to improve survival rate, It should be specifically noted that the following aspects:
1) trees transplanted are selected as far as possible.Nearest 2 years trees transplanted, newborn radicula are all concentrated In original soil bulb position, suffered influence is smaller when trees are transplanted again, and the survival rate transplanted in non-favorable season is higher.
2) using the nursery stock of temporary planting.Nursery stock after being planted some months starts to grow new root, the movable ratio of root in original soil ball It is more vigorous, it is transplanted in being not suitable for season and is also easier to survive.
3) pay attention to appropriate increasing soil ball.The sapling dug out from nursery, if it is for non-favorable season plantation, and soil ball is answered It is larger than under normal circumstances.Soil ball is bigger, and root system is more complete, and plant more easily survives.
4) it mostly uses and is transplanted under potting nursery stock.
(2) trimming and finishing
To the nursery stock of selection, trimming and finishing appropriate should be carried out before plant, to guarantee that nursery stock smoothly survives.When trimming, Under the premise of guaranteeing design requirement tree crown, in concrete operations, according to different tree species, using different pruning methods.It is right In the biggish kind of certain blades, deadwood, sick branch can cut and then the every blade set entirely is all cut off 1/2~2/ 3, to reduce blade area, the moisture evaporation set entirely is reduced, guarantees to survive.
(3) planting technique is handled
In order to ensure planting survival rate, during plant, it should be noted that following problems, and take corresponding technical measures.
1) determination of time: the method that use is, that is, transports, plants is transplanted.Transportation range farther out when, then soil ball should wrap up And moisturizing.
2) transplant: kind plant hole should be excavated by technical regulation, and cave bottom should pad one layer of base manure, should also spread one layer of loam on base manure, Thickness 5cm or more.When plant, the depth of plant pit should have been measured, has avoided planting too deep or excessively shallow.
3) it pours water: drenching sufficient root water in two times.
4) management and maintenance of nursery stock
After seedling growth, guarantee to carry out the maintenance work of nursery stock conscientiously, water daily, and send special messenger clear up deadwood, fallen leaves, Weeds clear up downright bad plant in time.
5, maintenance measure is afforested
Initially entered after planting engineering terminates survive, defects liability period.It survives, defects liability period 24 totally months, in defects liability period Establish special maintenance teams and groups, will based on contract be cleared up, be reseeded with actual conditions during entire maintenance, water drenching, weeding, The various maintenance measures such as trimming, desinsection, fertilising, cold-proof, to ensure that each related facility works well, plant growth is healthy and strong;I am public Department will take a series of maintenance measure during afforesting maintenance, in strict accordance with " urban garden and green space system maintenance management standard " and suburb Wild park irrigation maintenance one-level management standard executes.
Herbage flower is trimmed before bud, and bud is avoided to cut, and is in time removed the residual secateurs of residual flower after blossom fall, often Year flowering plant will purposefully cultivate spray, and the four seasons is made to have flower.Hedgerow and flower bed shaping effect will be coordinated with ambient enviroment, increase Strong landscaping effect, works with great care, output fine work.
Rational Irrigation and fertilising are carried out according to the growth of plant and Flowering Characteristics;In the season that rainwater lacks, daily leaching Water will generally apply fertilizer 2-3 times in annual spring, autumn emphasis slightly larger than the transpiration rate of the type specification.Fertilizer cannot be naked Dew, can be used buriing or water is applied and waits distinct methods;Buriing can first dig cave or trench digging, wanted after fertilising backfill, having peace of mind, drench sufficient water, It is levelling.General loosen the soil in combination with weeding is applied fertilizer.
It cuts weeds: often cutting weeds and loosen the soil, removal of impurities will protect root system when loosening the soil, and it cannot hurt root and cause root system exposed, Loess can not be caused exposed.
After-culture is displanted: clearing up dead seedling in time, after-culture returns original type and makes every effort to specification and connects with original plant in one week Closely, to guarantee excellent landscape effect, after-culture is carried out according to plantation specification, uses sufficient base manure, is reinforced the maintenance measure such as water drenching, is guaranteed Survival rate is up to 98% or more.To being in that aging or shrub obviously uncoordinated with ambient enviroment and flowers should be displanted in time.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: carrying out the preventing and controlling of pest and disease damage in time, rely mainly on prevention, and pipe is supported meticulously, keeps plant enhancing disease-resistant Worm ability, running check, the early early processing of discovery;Take the side such as integrated control, chemical prevention, physics artificial control and biological control Method prevents pest and disease damage from spreading and influencing plant growth;The method of biological control is used, as far as possible to reduce the pollution to environment.
When chemically preventing and treating, spray will generally carry out at night;Drug, dosage and the influence to environment, Yao Fuhe The requirement and standard of environmental protection.Disease pest harm occurs, the hazard ratio of most serious is below 5%.
The standard of arbor first class maintenance is that growth is vigorous, and branches and leaves are healthy and strong, tree-like beauty.Shade tree lower edge line is neat, trimming Appropriateness does straight hat beauty, is short of seedling without dead tree, no residual leaf of deadwood, and landscape effect is excellent.
Growth potential: growth potential is strong, and increment is more than the tree species specification mean increment;Branches and leaves are healthy and strong, and branch is sturdy, Leaf color is dark green, no residual leaf of deadwood.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims Variation is included within the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art The other embodiments being understood that.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of massif slope surface implantation methods, which comprises the following steps: step 1: scaffold building;Step 2: hanging Wire netting spray sowing;Step 3: hanging three dimensional network spray sowing;Step 4: the drainage system that setting is poured to vegetation;Step 5: giving The distribution engineering of electrical component setting power supply structure;Step 6: setting step riding track;Step 7: backfill planting soil;Step 8: seedling Wood plantation greening;
In the step 1 scaffold building include: set up frame body basis, put the upright bar position line, erect main upright bar, place leger, Small cross bar is placed, paving foot handsheet, binding diagonal brace and bridging, wall connecting rod is set, binds foot guard plate, hang up safety net;
Iron wire hanging net spray sowing includes: side slope cleaning, surveying setting-out, anchor bolt construction, linked network construction, soil moved in improve the original in the step 2 Stirring, alien earth sparging, covering non-woven fabrics and maintenance management;
Extension three dimensional network spray sowing in the step 3 includes: cleaning slope surface, is laid with reinforcement three-dimension vegetative net, fixed reinforcement three Dimension vegetation net is injected with passenger's soil, grass-seed of sowing grass seeds by duster, covering non-woven fabrics and maintenance management;
Setting step riding track in the step 6 includes: that retaining wall is arranged in stone field Slope foot portion hierarchy, and retaining wall is high About in 120cm, then step riding track width carries out backfill planting soil about in 300~400cm, finally carries out nursery stock degree Plantation greening;
Backfill planting soil in the step 7 includes: that can carry out backfill planting soil construction after the completion of foot of the hill retaining wall is constructed, Soil thickness is backfilled up to 1 meter or more, is backfilled using machinery and plants indigenous method;
Nursery stock afforestation project in the step 8 includes that place processing and soil improvement, artificial growth tree and shrubs, defect are whole Change and spare safeguard measure.
2. massif slope surface implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that all rod piece connections in the step 1 Bolt fastening must be used, the bolt of each node is intended to tighten, and scaffold is answered smooth vertical and horizontal.
3. massif slope surface implantation methods according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that scaffold uses in the step 1 Fastener type steel pipe scaffold, diameter of steel tube 48mm, wall thickness 3mm heat prick seamless or seamed steel pipe, be used as principal post, small cross bar, Diagonal brace etc.;Connecting elements is using revolution button, right angle button, to buckle and refute core;Pedestal is made of ф 40mm and 4-5mm steel plate, is used In the feet of principal post;Scaffold board uses bamboo and wood or guiding principle scaffold board, and selects single or double foot according to construction site actual conditions Hand cradle.
4. massif slope surface implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the side slope in the step 2 and step 3 Cleaning are as follows: by slope leveling, in favor of the construction of iron wire hanging net spray sowing, while increasing slope greening effect, cleaning object is Scar rubble, unconsolidated formation, the camber average out to ± 10cm of slope surface before constructing, maximum are no more than ± 30cm, for side slope part Male and fomale(M&F) is more than the position of 30cm, takes artificial method, to this male and fomale(M&F) periphery carry out it is whole scabble, cut suitable, avoid promptly falling Difference, and the linked network at this position is fixed, anchor pole will be deepened, encryption;
Guarantee that anchor pole spacing is 1.0m in surveying setting-out;
Anchor bolt construction: anchor pole is squeezed into after can drilling according to formation hardness with air drill, mantle of rock is reinforced, slope table is prevented Local avalanche occurs for layer, while the galvanized net as alien earth sparging basis can also be effectively fixed;
Linked network construction: unreeling from top to bottom, and the adjacent galvanized net of volume two uses φ 2.4mm iron wire to connect respectively, finally uses major-minor anchor Bar is fixed with scar, steel wire specification and property: galvanized wire mesh, diamond structure;String diameter 14# mesh: 50mmX50mm packaging rule Lattice: wide 3m, long 30m;Soil moved in improve the original stirring: rock is afforested into material, the special greening agent of import, long-acting complex planting special fertilizer, mixing grass It fills the materials such as seed, local earth material, plant fiber and is stirred mixing;
Alien earth sparging: plantation substrate is in dry powdered form after mixing in proportion, is compressed with dedicated removed-earth jet sowing machine in high-power air Under the wind pressure of machine, plantation substrate is equably sprayed into rock table stone;
Cover non-woven fabrics: sowing grass seeds by duster, superficial layer covers non-woven fabrics, washes away caused by reducing because of precipitation amount to seed, while The evaporation of side slope surface moisture content is reduced, to further improve the germination of seed, growing environment;
Maintenance management: A: regular water seasoning shortened into the level ground period;B: non-woven fabrics is opened in time;C: it sprays high efficiency fertilizer, promote grass Shrub growth;D: spraying pesticide, pre- preventing disease and pest;E: weeds are periodically removed.
5. massif slope surface implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the setting step in the step 6 The operational procedure of riding track includes surveying and locating, retaining wall construction, backfill planting soil and seedling growth as follows.
6. massif slope surface implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the backfill planting soil in the step 7 Concrete technology includes excavating planting soil, transport planting soil and backfill planting soil as follows.
7. massif slope surface implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the spare guarantee in the step 8 is arranged To apply include: 1, selects the trees transplanted as far as possible, 2, using the nursery stock of temporary planting, 3, pay attention to it is appropriate increase soil ball, 4, mostly use It is transplanted under potting nursery stock.
CN201811436716.0A 2018-11-28 2018-11-28 A kind of massif slope surface implantation methods Pending CN109392582A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110214634A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-09-10 中建地下空间有限公司 A kind of construction method suitable for steep rock side slope TBS greening
CN110326511A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-10-15 中电建十一局工程有限公司 A kind of construction method of the barren soil property shrub arbor plantation in high-latitude area
CN110424421A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-11-08 江苏山水环境建设集团股份有限公司 Abandoned mine raised fields goes along with sb. to guard him ecological restoring method
CN111108995A (en) * 2020-01-07 2020-05-08 厦门市宏展工程建设有限公司 Slope landscape construction method for landscape mountain
CN111990143A (en) * 2020-07-18 2020-11-27 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业科学研究院 Agricultural method for preventing fruit tree infectious diseases
CN113133380A (en) * 2021-05-17 2021-07-20 兰州大学 Ecological restoration method for cold and arid region side slope and abandoned mine
CN114586495A (en) * 2022-03-04 2022-06-07 广东东升实业集团有限公司 Construction method of step green belt
CN115559326A (en) * 2022-03-15 2023-01-03 徐州中矿岩土技术股份有限公司 Spray planting combination device for high and steep slope and greening construction method

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110214634A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-09-10 中建地下空间有限公司 A kind of construction method suitable for steep rock side slope TBS greening
CN110424421A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-11-08 江苏山水环境建设集团股份有限公司 Abandoned mine raised fields goes along with sb. to guard him ecological restoring method
CN110326511A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-10-15 中电建十一局工程有限公司 A kind of construction method of the barren soil property shrub arbor plantation in high-latitude area
CN111108995A (en) * 2020-01-07 2020-05-08 厦门市宏展工程建设有限公司 Slope landscape construction method for landscape mountain
CN111990143A (en) * 2020-07-18 2020-11-27 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业科学研究院 Agricultural method for preventing fruit tree infectious diseases
CN113133380A (en) * 2021-05-17 2021-07-20 兰州大学 Ecological restoration method for cold and arid region side slope and abandoned mine
CN114586495A (en) * 2022-03-04 2022-06-07 广东东升实业集团有限公司 Construction method of step green belt
CN114586495B (en) * 2022-03-04 2023-08-18 广东东升实业集团有限公司 Construction method of step green belt
CN115559326A (en) * 2022-03-15 2023-01-03 徐州中矿岩土技术股份有限公司 Spray planting combination device for high and steep slope and greening construction method

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