CN112106583A - Transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings - Google Patents
Transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN112106583A CN112106583A CN202010814998.4A CN202010814998A CN112106583A CN 112106583 A CN112106583 A CN 112106583A CN 202010814998 A CN202010814998 A CN 202010814998A CN 112106583 A CN112106583 A CN 112106583A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings, which comprises the following steps: selecting transplanting ground conditions and Yunnan pine; cleaning diseased branches and dead branches 3 months before transplanting, cutting soil balls with trees and tree roots downwards by taking a tree body as a center, keeping main roots still in a pit, cutting off lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the north-south direction, cutting off lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the east-west direction after 1 month, carrying out rooting agent treatment, and keeping moisture; digging out planting holes in the transplanting land, mixing calcium superphosphate with soil, and filling the mixture into the planting holes; cutting off main roots during transplanting, treating the main root cut roots with a carbendazim solution and a naphthylacetic acid solution, wrapping grass ropes, moving to a planting hole of a transplanting field, building a sunshade net, uniformly spraying Yunnan pine tree bodies and coniferous leaves with a alachlor solution, spraying once every 15 days for four times to prevent the coniferous leaves from transpiring, and simultaneously keeping the air humidity around the tree bodies at 80-90%. The transplanting survival rate exceeds 95 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a transplanting method of plants, in particular to a transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings, and belongs to the technical field of plant planting management.
Background
The capability of the Yunnan pine to sprout lateral roots is weak, the transplanting of big seedlings is a difficult problem for the current production technology, the conventional method is to carry soil balls to transplant together in winter with root breaking, spring or autumn, and the technical difficulty of transplanting is mainly shown in the aspects of vitality of transplanted individuals, transplanting season, transplanting measures, conditions of a transplanting place and a high management technical requirement after transplanting, so that the transplanting survival rate is generally below 50 percent, and the utilization of excellent germplasm resources and high-value landscape garden ornamental resources which are urgently needed to be stored in a place is severely limited. Therefore, there is a need for improvement of the prior art to increase the survival rate of transplantation and protect the excellent germplasm resources and high-value landscape garden ornamental resources.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of strong seasonality, multiple limiting factors and low survival rate of the Yunnan pine big seedlings, the invention provides the transplanting method of the Yunnan pine big seedlings, which is simple to operate, can be transplanted anytime and anywhere and has high transplanting survival rate.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. selecting a place similar to the original field conditions of the Yunnan pine as a transplanting field, and selecting the strong Yunnan pine with strong tree bodies and dense branches and leaves as a transplanting object;
B. pruning and cleaning diseased branches and dead branches of a tree body 3 months before transplanting, then downwards cutting a soil ball with the tree and the tree root with the diameter of 1.0-1.2 m and the depth of 0.8-1.0 m by taking the tree body as a center, keeping the main root in a pit, cutting off lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the north-south direction in the evening or the next morning of the day, and cutting off lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the east-west direction in 1 month to relieve the stimulation effect of the cut roots on the tree body; timely filling 0.5L of 1000-1200 times of carbendazim solution into the root cutting position after the root cutting, filling 2L of rooting agent after half an hour, filling once every 10 days, and filling five times in total to promote the germination of lateral roots and fibrous roots so as to culture the lateral roots and the fibrous roots as much as possible before transplanting and improve the transplanting survival rate; watering in good time after root cutting to keep soil of the soil ball moist but not accumulate water in the pit; the rooting agent comprises the following components: 70-90g of sucrose, 0.3-0.5g of S-abscisic acid and 0.1-0.2g of salicylic acid, adding water to a constant volume of 1L, and uniformly mixing;
C. digging a cylindrical planting hole with the diameter of 1.2-1.4 meters and the depth of 1.0-1.2 meters in a transplanting field one month before transplanting, and fully airing the dug soil; c, uniformly mixing 400-600 g of calcium superphosphate with the soil aired in the step C during transplanting, and backfilling the mixture into planting holes;
D. c, 8 days before transplanting, watering the Yunnan pine roots and the soil balls in the step B thoroughly;
E. the main root is cut off and taken out together with the soil ball when the transplanting is carried out in the morning, the length of the main root is kept to be 70-80 cm, after the main root is cut off, 500-800 ml of 1000-1500 times carbendazim solution is used, after 10min, 1000-1200 ml of 80-120 ppm naphthylacetic acid solution is used for spraying on the root cut part, then the whole soil ball with the tree root is wrapped into a 'well' shape by a straw rope and is transported to a transplanting place;
F. and E, after the soil ball with the tree and the tree root reaches a transplanting field, removing the straw rope from the soil ball with the tree and the tree root in the step E, transplanting the soil ball with the tree and the tree root into the planting hole in the step C, covering the soil with the soil, watering thoroughly, building a 75-85% sunshade net, uniformly spraying a Yunnan pine tree body and coniferous needles with 25-40 ppm of alachlor solution in the morning or evening, spraying once every 15 days for four times to prevent the coniferous needles from transpiring, and simultaneously keeping the air humidity around the tree body at 80-90%.
The conditions of the original land and the transplanting land are similar to that of the original land: the minimum temperature deviation of the original land and the transplanting land is not more than +/-8 ℃ and the pH value deviation of the soil is not more than +/-2.
The present invention has the following advantages and effects; by adopting the scheme, during the transplanting of the Yunnan pine big seedlings, the roots of lateral roots and fibrous roots in the north and south directions of the Yunnan pine are cut off, the roots of the lateral roots and the fibrous roots in the east and west directions of the Yunnan pine are cut off after every month, and the rooting agent treatment is carried out after the roots are cut off every time, so that the germination quantity of the lateral roots and the fibrous roots is increased by 40 percent compared with that of a reference example, in addition, by spraying the anti-transpiration agent (alachlor), compared with the reference example, the withering rate of branches and leaves is reduced by 60 percent, and the transplanted seedlings do not need to be pruned, so that some trees with higher ornamental value are completely stored, the humidity around the transplanted trees is controlled to be 80-90 percent, the final transplanting survival rate is over 95 percent, meanwhile, the Yunnan pine big seedlings have low seasonal requirements, are simple and high in operability, and have good stability and repeatability through multi-point tests in different areas.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. selecting a place which is similar to the conditions of the original land and the field of the Yunnan pine (namely the minimum temperature deviation of the original land and the transplanting field is 5 ℃ and the pH value deviation of soil is 1) as a transplanting field, and selecting the strong Yunnan pine with strong tree body and dense branches and leaves as a transplanting object;
B. pruning and cleaning diseased branches and dead branches of a tree body 3 months before transplanting, then downwards cutting soil balls with the tree and tree roots, the diameter of which is 1.0 meter and the depth of which is 0.8 meter by taking the tree body as a center, keeping the main roots in the pits to be immobile, cutting off the lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the north-south direction in the evening of the day, and cutting off the lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the east-west direction after 1 month so as to relieve the stimulation effect of the cut roots on the tree body; timely filling 0.5L of 1000-time carbendazim solution into the root cutting position after root cutting, filling 2L of rooting agent after half an hour, filling once every 10 days, and filling five times in total to promote the germination of lateral roots and fibrous roots so as to culture the lateral roots and the fibrous roots as much as possible before transplanting and improve the transplanting survival rate; watering in good time after root cutting to keep soil of the soil ball moist but not accumulate water in the pit; the rooting agent comprises the following components: 70g of sucrose, 0.5g of S-abscisic acid and 0.1g of salicylic acid, adding water to a constant volume of 1L, and mixing uniformly;
C. digging a cylindrical planting hole with the diameter of 1.2 meters and the depth of 1.0 meter in a transplanting field one month before transplanting, and fully airing the dug soil; c, uniformly mixing 400g of calcium superphosphate with the soil aired in the step C during transplanting, and backfilling the mixture into a planting hole;
D. c, 8 days before transplanting, watering the Yunnan pine roots and the soil balls in the step B thoroughly;
E. the transplanting is carried out in the morning, the main root is cut off and taken out together with the soil ball, the length of the main root is kept to be 70cm, after the main root is cut off, 500ml of 1500-time carbendazim solution is firstly used, and after 10min, 1000ml of 80ppm naphthylacetic acid solution is used for spraying on the root cut part, then the whole soil ball with the tree root is wrapped into a shape like a Chinese character 'jing' by a straw rope and is transported to a transplanting place;
F. and E, after the soil ball with the tree and the tree root reaches a transplanting ground, removing a straw rope from the soil ball with the tree root in the step E, transplanting the soil ball into the planting hole in the step C, covering the soil with the soil, watering thoroughly, building up a 75-85% sunshade net, uniformly spraying a Yunnan pine body and coniferous needles with 25ppm of alachlor solution in the morning or evening, spraying once every 15 days for four times to prevent the coniferous needles from transpiring, simultaneously keeping the air humidity around the tree body at 80%, and keeping the transplanting survival rate at more than 95% in the current time, wherein the transplanting survival rate in the prior art is less than 50%.
Example 2
A transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. selecting a place which is similar to the conditions of the original land and the field of the Yunnan pine (namely the lowest temperature deviation of the original land and the transplanting field is 4 ℃ and the pH value deviation of soil is 1.5) as a transplanting field, and simultaneously selecting the strong Yunnan pine with strong tree body and dense branches and leaves as a transplanting object;
B. pruning and cleaning diseased branches and dead branches of a tree body 3 months before transplanting, then downwards cutting soil balls with trees and tree roots, the diameter of which is 1.2 m and the depth of which is 1.0 m by taking the tree body as a center, keeping main roots in a pit still, cutting off lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the north-south direction in the evening of the day or the next morning, and cutting off lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the east-west direction after 1 month so as to relieve the stimulation effect of the cut roots on the tree body; timely filling 0.5L of 1200 times carbendazim solution into the root cutting position after root cutting, filling 2L of rooting agent after half an hour, filling once every 10 days, and filling five times in total to promote the germination of lateral roots and fibrous roots so as to culture the lateral roots and the fibrous roots as much as possible before transplanting and improve the transplanting survival rate; watering in good time after root cutting to keep soil of the soil ball moist but not accumulate water in the pit; the rooting agent comprises the following components: 90g of sucrose, 0.3g of S-abscisic acid and 0.2g of salicylic acid, adding water to a constant volume of 1L, and mixing uniformly;
C. digging a cylindrical planting hole with the diameter of 1.4 meters and the depth of 1.2 meters in a transplanting field one month before transplanting, and fully airing the dug soil; c, during transplanting, uniformly mixing 600g of calcium superphosphate with the soil aired in the step C, and backfilling the mixture into a planting hole;
D. c, 8 days before transplanting, watering the Yunnan pine roots and the soil balls in the step B thoroughly;
E. the transplanting is carried out in the morning, the main root is cut off and taken out together with the soil ball, the length of the main root is kept at 80cm, after the main root is cut off, 800ml of 1000-time carbendazim solution is used, 1200ml of 120ppm naphthylacetic acid solution is used for spraying at intervals of 10min, and then the whole soil ball with the tree root is wrapped into a 'well' shape by a straw rope and is transported to a transplanting place;
F. and E, after the soil ball with the tree and the tree root reaches a transplanting ground, removing a straw rope from the soil ball with the tree root in the step E, transplanting the soil ball with the tree and the tree root into the planting hole in the step C, covering the soil with the soil, watering thoroughly, building up a 75-85% sunshade net, uniformly spraying a Yunnan pine tree body and coniferous needles with 40ppm of alachlor solution in the morning or evening, spraying once every 15 days for four times to prevent the coniferous needles from transpiring, simultaneously keeping the air humidity around the tree body to be 90%, and keeping the transplanting survival rate of the time to be more than 97%, wherein the transplanting survival rate of the prior art is less than 50%.
Example 3
A transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. selecting a place which is similar to the conditions of the original land and the field of the Yunnan pine (namely the minimum annual temperature deviation between the original land and the transplanting field is 8 ℃ and the pH value deviation of soil is 1.4) as a transplanting field, and selecting the strong Yunnan pine with strong tree body and dense branches as a transplanting object;
B. pruning and cleaning diseased branches and dead branches of a tree body 3 months before transplanting, then downwards cutting soil balls with trees and tree roots, the diameter of which is 1.1 m and the depth of which is 0.9 m by taking the tree body as a center, keeping main roots in a pit still, cutting off lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the north-south direction in the evening of the day or the next morning, and cutting off lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the east-west direction after 1 month so as to relieve the stimulation effect of the cut roots on the tree body; timely filling 0.5L of 1100 times carbendazim solution into the root cutting position after root cutting, filling 2L of rooting agent after half an hour, filling once every 10 days, and filling five times in total to promote the germination of lateral roots and fibrous roots so as to culture the lateral roots and the fibrous roots as much as possible before transplanting and improve the transplanting survival rate; watering in good time after root cutting to keep soil of the soil ball moist but not accumulate water in the pit; the rooting agent comprises the following components: 80g of sucrose, 0.4g of S-abscisic acid and 0.1g of salicylic acid, adding water to a constant volume of 1L, and mixing uniformly;
C. digging a cylindrical planting hole with the diameter of 1.3 meters and the depth of 1.1 meters in a transplanting field one month before transplanting, and fully airing the dug soil; c, during transplanting, uniformly mixing 500g of calcium superphosphate with the soil aired in the step C, and backfilling the mixture into a planting hole;
D. c, 8 days before transplanting, watering the Yunnan pine roots and the soil balls in the step B thoroughly;
E. the transplanting is carried out in the morning, the main root is cut off and taken out together with the soil ball, the length of the main root is kept to be 75cm, after the main root is cut off, 600ml of 1200-time carbendazim solution is firstly used, 100ppm of naphthylacetic acid solution of 1100ml is used for spraying at intervals of 10min, and then the whole soil ball with the tree root is wrapped into a 'well' shape by a straw rope and transported to a transplanting place; f. After the soil ball with the tree and the tree root in the step E reaches a transplanting ground, a straw rope is removed, the soil ball with the tree and the tree root in the step E is transplanted into a planting hole in the step C, the soil is covered and covered with the soil, the soil is watered thoroughly, a sunshade net with the concentration of 75-85% is built, a Yunnan pine tree body and coniferous needles are uniformly sprayed with 30ppm of alachlor solution in the morning or evening, the spraying is carried out once every 15 days for four times so as to prevent the coniferous needles from transpiring, and meanwhile, the air humidity around the tree body is kept to be 85%; the survival rate of the transplantation is kept above 95 percent, but the survival rate of the transplantation in the prior art is less than 50 percent.
Claims (2)
1. A transplanting method of Yunnan pine big seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. selecting a place similar to the original field conditions of the Yunnan pine as a transplanting field, and selecting the strong Yunnan pine with strong tree bodies and dense branches and leaves as a transplanting object;
B. pruning and cleaning diseased branches and dead branches of a tree body 3 months before transplanting, then downwards cutting a soil ball with the tree and the tree root with the diameter of 1.0-1.2 m and the depth of 0.8-1.0 m by taking the tree body as a center, keeping the main root in a pit, cutting off lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the north-south direction in the evening or the next morning of the day, and cutting off lateral roots and fibrous roots of 1/4 in the east-west direction in 1 month to relieve the stimulation effect of the cut roots on the tree body; timely filling 0.5L of 1000-1200 times of carbendazim solution into the root cutting position after the root cutting, filling 2L of rooting agent after half an hour, filling once every 10 days, and filling five times in total to promote the germination of lateral roots and fibrous roots so as to culture the lateral roots and the fibrous roots as much as possible before transplanting and improve the transplanting survival rate; watering in good time after root cutting to keep soil of the soil ball moist but not accumulate water in the pit; the rooting agent comprises the following components: 70-90g of sucrose, 0.3-0.5g of S-abscisic acid and 0.1-0.2g of salicylic acid, adding water to a constant volume of 1L, and uniformly mixing;
C. digging a cylindrical planting hole with the diameter of 1.2-1.4 meters and the depth of 1.0-1.2 meters in a transplanting field one month before transplanting, and fully airing the dug soil; c, uniformly mixing 400-600 g of calcium superphosphate with the soil aired in the step C during transplanting, and backfilling the mixture into planting holes;
D. c, 8 days before transplanting, watering the Yunnan pine roots and the soil balls in the step B thoroughly;
E. the main root is cut off and taken out together with the soil ball when the transplanting is carried out in the morning, the length of the main root is kept to be 70-80 cm, after the main root is cut off, 500-800 ml of 1000-1500 times carbendazim solution is used, after 10min, 1000-1200 ml of 80-120 ppm naphthylacetic acid solution is used for spraying on the root cut part, then the whole soil ball with the tree root is wrapped into a 'well' shape by a straw rope and is transported to a transplanting place;
F. and E, after the soil ball with the tree and the tree root reaches a transplanting field, removing the straw rope from the soil ball with the tree and the tree root in the step E, transplanting the soil ball with the tree and the tree root into the planting hole in the step C, covering the soil with the soil, watering thoroughly, building a 75-85% sunshade net, uniformly spraying a Yunnan pine tree body and coniferous needles with 25-40 ppm of alachlor solution in the morning or evening, spraying once every 15 days for four times to prevent the coniferous needles from transpiring, and simultaneously keeping the air humidity around the tree body at 80-90%.
2. The method for transplanting the Yunnan pine big seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that the conditions of the original land and the transplanting land are similar to each other: the minimum temperature deviation of the original land and the transplanting land is not more than +/-8 ℃ and the pH value deviation of the soil is not more than +/-2.
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