CN105052444B - A kind of cold district oil method for planting of tree peony - Google Patents
A kind of cold district oil method for planting of tree peony Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method for planting of a kind of tree peony scale of cold district oil, industrialization, to solve the problems, such as that existing oil Peony growing method can not meet that north cold area oil transplants demand with tree peony.It comprises the steps：Selection of land, soil improvement, site preparation, transplanted seedling tree processing early stage, plant, transplant final-period management.Oil changes season plant with the tree peony plant time and transplanted for two seasons.The improvement that the present invention passes through variety selection, planting density and correlation technique main points; improve the survival rate that cold district oil uses tree peony; provide a set of mechanization, scale, scientific and reasonable oil tree peony method for planting; it can guarantee that oil with the planting survival rate of tree peony more than 98% while using manpower and material resources sparingly; theoretical foundation and good directive function are provided with tree peony industry development and research for oil, the north of China cold district oil that the is particularly suitable for use in plant of tree peony.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technique field, more particularly to the north cold area oil method for planting of tree peony.
Background technology
Security issues become increasingly urgent for China's edible vegetable oil, and external dependence degree is more than 60%, it would be highly desirable to which domestic oil crops are more
Memberization is planted.Unsaturated fatty acid content is up to 92% in tree peony edible oil, and wherein alpha-linolenic acid content is up to 49%, turns into generation
Most safe and nontoxic in boundary, pollution-free, highly beneficial to health fully natural green organic food.China 60% it is suitable for afforestation
Ground is distributed in the ground such as arid, semiarid Gansu, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Qinghai, the Inner Mongol, also nearly 300,000,000 mu of low production forest, residual
Secondary woods is urgently transformed, and soil is barren, high and cold, arid mostly in these places.
Every mu of Paeonia papaveracea high yield period yield is up to 400 kilograms, and seed oil content 22%, plant type is tall and big, growth potential is strong, drought-enduring,
It is barren-resistant, resistance to high and cold, it is especially suitable for north cold area plantation.But existing oil is simple, thick with tree peony planting technique
Put, most of ornamental peonies planting techniques using or traditional, the planting technique of tree peony is used without scientific and reasonable suitable oil
And the planting technique of method, especially shortage north cold area Paeonia papaveracea.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the method for planting of a kind of tree peony scale of cold district oil, industrialization, to solve
Existing oil Peony growing method can not meet the problem of north cold area oil transplants demand with tree peony.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is：A kind of cold district oil method for planting of tree peony, comprises the steps：
A, selection of land
Planting-site selects：Annual precipitation is more than 600mm planting-site ridging, uses wide-narrow row planting river water；Arid hillside field
It is required that soil possesses cultivation condition substantially, pH value good permeability and did not transplanted tree peony between 6.5~8.2；
B, soil improvement:Applied fertilizer, select overall fertilising or partial fertilizer；
C, site preparation：Oil tree peony root flood most afraid of water, annual precipitation, which is more than 600mm, needs ridging；And prevention waterlogging must be carried out to arrange
Apply, dug gutter.
D, transplanted seedling tree processing early stage：Processing work transplanted seedling tree early stage need to be under sunshade net or shady place is carried out.
Cut damage：Nursery stock root mechanical damage part caused by handling and transportation is cut, althoughs note that removal portion
Divide and must not exceed the 20% of whole root, if nursery stock root mechanical damage part is more than 50% or stem's terminal bud part is seriously damaged
Wound, then discard.
Leaching sterilization：Nursery stock is put in soaking disinfection 15~30 minutes in bactericide, to prevent rotten；Bactericide is selected from carbendazim
Or thiophanate methyl；
Root-inducing powder soaks：Nursery stock is put in rooting powder solution and soaked 10~15 minutes, hestening rooting；
E, transplant
Nursery stock is put into the planting hole center dug, nursery stock root and soil is fully contacted, bankets, while slowly upwards
Seedling is carried, allows root system to unfold, when earthing 2/3, planting hole soil is treaded, continues to banket to burying and is held at kryptoblast 2cm with ground
It is flat, then tread；Sufficient root water is poured after plant in time.Root water can carry out flood irrigation, can also only in planting hole office
Portion waters, and is typically not required to drip irrigation because oil is male drought-enduring and have stronger resistance with purple plague purpura, planting-site mainly for barren hill,
Deserted mountain etc. is not easy cultivation ground, does not strive ground, the low input of high production with good farmland.But it is noted that it must assure that root water will pour
Foot, irrigate.
F, final-period management is transplanted
Mend crack:After having poured root water 1~2 day, surface is carried out to soil in planting hole and loosens the soil and covers loosened soil, to cut off soil
Earth capillary；Moisture evaporation is reduced, soil moisture conservation effect is played, keeps soil from packing together simultaneously.If there is crack in nursery stock surrounding soil,
Cover loosened soil while seal crack；Otherwise moisture largely can evaporate from gap, will have a strong impact on plant percent.
Loosening soil, weeding:Weed with a hoe 3~4 times every year（Typically respectively in June, August part and October）, it is specific to regard locality
Careless gesture situation can suitably increase or decrease number of hoeing up weeds.
Preferably, oil is to transplant in two seasons with the tree peony plant time, the plant time in spring in 10~April 20 March, in soil
After earth thaws, daily mean temperature is transplanted when reaching 10 DEG C；Autumn plants the time between 20~October 10 July.
Preferably, in step C site preparations, wide-narrow row planting, wide row wide 80~100cm are used river water（Mainly regard its rotary tillage
The width of machine determines）, the wide 60cm of narrow row, single file configuration；It is easy to mechanized operation, while land utilization ratio can be improved.River water
It is required that plot is smooth, fertile soil, soil neutral or micro- alkali are advisable, and irrigation canal system is supporting, and the gas permeability of soil is good and does not transplant
Tree peony.
Arid hillside field requires that soil possesses cultivation condition substantially, and pH value good permeability and was not transplanted between 6.5~8.2
Tree peony；Below annual precipitation 400mm should have irrigation conditions.Arid hillside field is trimmed to reversed terrace or horizontal stand according to landform horizontal line,
Reversed terrace 1.5~3m of width, horizontal stand width are not less than 1m；Length is depending on landform.River water planting density be 1110~
1330 plants/acre, spacing in the rows is 50~60cm；Arid hillside field planting density is 667~1042 plants/acre, and line-spacing is 0.8~1.00m, spacing in the rows
For 0.8~1.00m.
Preferably, the selection of nursery stock kind is that purple plague purpura is white, Lan He volleys, moral purity purple, grey crane, matches and sent in queen, saussurea involucrata, snow
Charcoal, erythema be white, beautiful butterfly, purple phoenix, powder lotus, red golden stamen or blue lotus, and it is 2~3 years raw bare-root seedings to select seedling age, it is desirable to which branch is good for
It is strong, root system is complete, terminal bud and lateral bud are full, have no mechanical damage, no disease and pests harm.
Preferably, before transplanted seedling tree, moisturizing liver moss is increased in the packaging of nursery stock and transport, at carton bottom before nursery stock cartonning
Portion and surrounding paving layer of plastic film, one layer of nursery stock, one layer of moisturizing liver moss, moisturizing liver moss humidity is not with into being advisable under drippage.Plant
Shi Bixu shrugs off the moisturizing liver moss adhered on nursery stock, and otherwise liver moss is earthed rear easy breed bacteria, influences plant percent.
Preferably, during the step D is handled early stage, before transplanted seedling tree, nursery stock storage place is heat and moisture preserving storehouse or the moon
Liang Cangkuchu, it is necessary to assure for oil with tree peony nursery stock in no-wind environment, nursery stock is placed on 1 hour in environment of the wind speed more than 5m/s
Afterwards, the survival rate of nursery stock is only 10%, and no-wind environment is major issue very important in nursery stock storage.
During step E plant, for oil with tree peony and other plant interplanting, other plant includes pear tree, willow, peppery
Green pepper, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers or pea.Both can effectively solve the problems, such as that plantation oil is not set seeds with tree peony several leading year, do not have income, may be used also
To improve land utilization efficiency, and photo-thermal air water clay fertilizer resources supplIes are shared, the input and output rate in increase unit soil.
Preferably, in step B soil improvements, decomposed 1000~1500kg of organic fertilizer or cake fertilizer are applied in the overall every mu of ground that applies fertilizer
250kg, or take partial fertilizer, be affixed by the planting hole dug microorganism fertilizer, one kind in soil vitality functional fertilizer or
The mixture of two seed manure, dose are 150g/ caves；In step F plant final-period managements, annual October combines and ploughed deeply using ditch spread
Or ring-type fertilising, ditch spread, which is selected, passes through decomposed organic fertilizer, and dose is 1000kg/ mus；Spread manuer in holes and select cake fertilizer or microorganism fertilizer,
Dose is 150g/ caves.
Preferably, step F is transplanted in final-period management, and trimming annual to nursery stock twice, wipes out withered branch, and concentrate before entering the winter
Burn or buried, to reduce the generation of coming year pest and disease damage, promote the sprouting of new branch；Second Year spring cuts root and newly sprouts branch,
Prevent the branch of excessive growth from grabbing nutrition, while promote old branch bar bud differentiation；
Oil it is not water-fast wet with tree peony, should ensure that draining dredge, avoid ponding, should not often water, but it is especially arid when need
Appropriate watering, the general soil moisture content that regards every year water 2~3 times.Northern area is necessary annual 10~December of October 10
Watering, and pour, irrigate, carry out winter irrigation.
Preferably, step F is transplanted in final-period management, after Survival rate of nursery stock, selects weather more gentle, the Second Year that rainfall is plentiful
Or the 3rd year spring carried out stump.Oil with tree peony can Key to high-yielding production step be stump, no matter south plantation or the north plant
Plant, be both needed to stump processing.Gentle in weather, condition is good, the small area of dust storm, can carry out stump processing during plant, considers
To time and manpower is saved, bundled stump is taken again after typically transporting planting-site, is not stump in the reason for nursery stump
Moisture evaporates from wound afterwards, also has larger root damage in transportation, is unfavorable for nursery stock survival.When northern area is transplanted,
Plant then typically can not stump, due to transplant season, northern most places are air-dried, dust storm is big, weather bar after plant
Part will accelerate the moisture evaporation of wound part, have a strong impact on plant percent.
Planting density determines：Oil requires that Setting percentage and oil yield are high with tree peony, is grown thickly with plant for optimal plant type, purple
Spot tree peony plant type is tall and big, and growth potential is strong, and its planting density is also different from ornamental peonies and medicinal tree peony.Planting density is by oily with male
What the biological characteristics and economic needs that pellet itself is grown thickly together decided on, with ornamental peonies and the dense planting You Hen great areas of medicinal tree peony
Not.
The present invention improves cold district oil and uses tree peony by the improvement of variety selection, planting density and correlation technique main points
Survival rate, there is provided a set of mechanization, scale, scientific and reasonable oil tree peony method for planting, what is used manpower and material resources sparingly
It can guarantee that more than 98%, theoretical foundation is provided for oil with the planting survival rate of tree peony with tree peony industry development and research for oil simultaneously
With good directive function, the north of China cold district oil that the is particularly suitable for use in plant of tree peony.
Embodiment
Microorganism fertilizer, soil vitality functional fertilizer in embodiment（Distributions in Liaocheng of Shandong Province sunlight Fei Ye Co., Ltds）, cake fertilizer, more bacterium
Spirit, thiophanate methyl are commercially available.Root-inducing powder is purchased from Xianyang Zhao Feng bio-fertilizer industry Co., Ltd.
（One）Determined for plant time and density：
First, time determination is transplanted
1.1 plant times were divided into spring and autumn, spring typically in 10~April 20 March, i.e., after soil defrosting,
Daily mean temperature reaches more than 10 DEG C and enters the spring planting phase.The custom of traditional autumn plant has been broken in spring plant, changes season plant
Transplanted for two seasons, particularly enhance the survival rate that north cold area oil is transplanted with tree peony, alleviate the time in autumn harvest busy farming season, for oil
With being widely applied for tree peony feasibility is created with industrialized development.
1.2 autumns planted the time typically between 20~October 10 July, i.e., are transplanted before soil is freeze-up, the winter
Season plant is germinateed in spite of being taken root in advance beneficial to root system ahead of time with coming year nursery stock, but for especially cold northern area, by
Undeveloped in the seedling root just transplanted, resistivity is weak, and the autumn, which plants, can reduce the plant percent that oil uses tree peony.Oil is existed with tree peony
Northern area is unsuitable for autumn cultivation on the contrary, is transplanted more suitable for spring.Because the weather conditions in different plant regions are different, not the same year
The weather conditions of part are also different, specific to transplant the time as the change of local climate condition suitably shift to an earlier date or postponement.
2nd, variety selection
The Gansu purple plague purpura oil Varieties of Peony that good stress resistance, Setting percentage are high, oil yield is high is selected, " northwest is male by early stage
The checking and screening of red gene pool construction " engineering, especially with " purple plague purpura is white ", " Lan He volleys ", " moral purity is purple ", " grey crane ", " match emperor
5 kinds are selection emphasis afterwards ".Relatively preferably several kinds, such as " saussurea involucrata ", " timely ", " erythema additionally may be selected
In vain ", the kind such as " beautiful butterfly ", " purple phoenix ", " powder lotus ", " red golden stamen " and " Lan He ".The tree peony of these kinds is disclosed by our company
Sale.
Paeonia papaveracea cultivar has stronger resistance, and in Gansu, the general few pest and disease damages of growth occur.But with
The popularization of Paeonia papaveracea and the expansion of cultural area, if disease and insect occurs elsewhere, lamp light trapping device or biology should be used to have
Machine agricultural chemicals is prevented and treated.
3rd, interplanting
Oil can be with other plant with tree peony during plant（Pear tree, willow, capsicum, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, pea etc.）Interplanting, both may be used
Solve the problems, such as that plantation oil is not set seeds with tree peony several leading year, do not have income with effective, land utilization efficiency can also be improved,
And photo-thermal air water clay fertilizer resources supplIes are shared, the input and output rate in increase unit soil.It is recommended that north cold area is most
Well should not be with perennial plant intercropping and interplanting, because when later stage plant reaches high yield period, interplanting crops can influence illumination, fight for nutrient,
And have a strong impact on operating efficiency, bad management in weeding, harvesting seed.The first two years can be foster with beans etc. after transplanted seedling tree
Ground annual crop carries out interplanting, not only improves and increases soil fertility, and increases soil vegetative cover coverage rate, water conservation, improves land utilization ratio,
This season and can harvests in time, avoids the later stage from fighting for nutrient, influences oil and is grown with tree peony.When oil reaches high yield period with tree peony, or else
Interplanted, will not so cause later stage unmanageable phenomenon.
The following examples can further illustrate the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
First, time and density are transplanted
1.1 plant times：In 7~8 April of spring, after soil defrosting, transplanted when daily mean temperature is up to 10 DEG C.
1.2 planting density：Transplanted in river, density is 1330 plants/acre, spacing in the rows 60cm water.
2nd, selection of seedling
Variety selection purple plague purpura is white, and nursery stock requires：Selection seedling age is 3 years raw bare-root seedings, and branch is healthy and strong, root system is complete, top
Bud and lateral bud are full, have no mechanical damage, no disease and pests harm.
Three：Packaging, transport and the storage of nursery stock
Seedling packing：The nursery stock dug in nursery stock production is heeled in processing, heels in ground humidity 60~70%, nursery stock
Cartoning Container Transport is taken in transport：From heeling in take out nursery stock, it is every 30 plants a bundle, lash rope with plastics and tie, when lashing
The basically identical classification of nursery stock length is lashed, below 30cm's ties together, if nursery stock length is big in nursery stock centre position
In 30cm, twice can be tied at nursery stock both ends 1/3, rope is elastic appropriate, and rope bundle can tightly damage very much nursery stock epidermis, too loose to have
It may scatter on the way in transit.Often tying nursery stock quantity can not be too many, central local temperature otherwise can be caused too high, breed bacteria etc.
Microorganism grows.
Seedling transportation：Nursery stock production and planting-site distance 180km, can complete to transport in the same day.Simultaneously vanning and
During transport, handle with care as far as possible, reduce mechanical damage.
The transport of nursery stock takes vanning to transport, and most fast, most easily means of transportation, fortune are taken in the case of cost-effective
The defeated time, because the respiration of root system, haulage time is long to make local temperature drift among nursery stock, easily no more than 8 days
Breed bacteria, it is unfavorable for nursery stock survival.Such a transportation resources solves the problems, such as the extensive long-distance transport that oil uses tree peony nursery stock, both
The survival rate of nursery stock is can guarantee that, creates condition again for foreign exchange earning.
Nursery stock is stored：The nursery stock dug must be stored in shady and cool warehouse after reaching planting-site, transplanted within second day, nothing
Processing need to be heeled in.
Transplant needs if in one week can not enter to deposit for a long time, the conditional guarantor that nursery stock can be placed near planting-site
Warm moisturizing storehouse, or carry out heeling in processing, require that relative moisture of the soil is more than 60% with heeling in.Nursery stock necessarily can not be sudden and violent before plant
Shine or wind, further take out during plant.
4th, selection of land and site preparation
4.1 selection of land：Planting-site place Gansu can peaceful hondo town, annual precipitation 300mm, soil pH value breathes freely 7.6
Property it is good and do not transplanted tree peony, possess plant condition.
4.2 soil improvement：Apply decomposed organic fertilizer in every mu of ground of overall fertilising（Sheep manure, cow dung or chicken manure etc.）1500kg,
It is even spread fertilizer over the fields after plough deeply leveling, make sure to keep in mind unavailable raw fertilizer；
4.3 site preparation：Oil tree peony root flood most afraid of water, annual precipitation, which is more than 600mm, needs ridging, and must carry out prevention waterlogging and arrange
Apply, dug gutter;
Require that plot is smooth, fertile soil, soil neutral or micro- alkali are advisable, and irrigation canal system is supporting, Soil ventilation river water
Property it is good and do not transplanted tree peony.For river water, using wide-narrow row planting, after rotary cultivator site preparation, wide-and narrow-row is taken to transplant, it is wide
Row 1m, narrow row 60cm, spacing in the rows 60cm；Plant cave diameter 40cm, depth 40cm.It is easy to mechanized operation, while soil can be improved
Utilization rate.Plant acupoint depth is suitably adjusted according to the size of actual nursery stock during plant, it is final to ensure that seedling root is abundant with soil
Contact and soil need to be tamped, to take root.
5th, transplanted seedling tree processing early stage
Processing transplanted seedling tree early stage is under sunshade net or shady place is carried out, nursery stock make sure to keep in mind can not exposure, wind, and by following
Carry out：
Cut damage：Nursery stock root mechanical damage part caused by handling and transportation is cut, althoughs note that removal portion
Divide and must not exceed the 20% of whole root, if nursery stock root mechanical damage part is more than 50% or stem's terminal bud part is seriously damaged
Wound, then discard, otherwise have a strong impact on plant percent.
Leaching sterilization：Container is got out, solution is prepared according to carbendazim specification, nursery stock is put in the solution immersion prepared
Sterilization 30 minutes, to prevent rotten.
Root-inducing powder soaks：Container is got out, solution is prepared according to root-inducing powder specification, nursery stock is put in the solution prepared
Immersion 15 minutes, hestening rooting.
6th, transplant
Oil uses tree peony and other plant during plant（Pear tree, willow, capsicum, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers or pea）Interplanting.
Method for planting：Nursery stock is put into the planting hole center dug, nursery stock root and soil is fully contacted, starts to fill out
Soil, while slowly carry seedling upwards, allows root system to unfold, when banket 20cm when, planting hole soil is treaded, continues to banket hidden to burying
Maintain an equal level at bud 2cm with ground, then tread.Sufficient root water is poured after plant in time, due to local water shortage, using planting
Locally watered in plant hole, ensure that root water will be poured, irrigated.
7th, final-period management is transplanted
Mend crack：After having poured root water 1 day（When people can descend ground）, surface is carried out to soil in planting hole and loosens the soil and covers void
Soil, to cut off soil capillary, reduce moisture evaporation and play soil moisture conservation effect, while prevent hardened.For nursery stock surrounding soil
The crack of appearance, cover loosened soil while in time seal crack, preventing and treating moisture evaporates from gap, influences plant percent.
Loosening soil, weeding：Need to weed with a hoe every year 3 times, it is specific regard local careless gesture situation can suitably increase or decrease hoe up weeds it is secondary
Number.
Fertilising：Combine annual October and plough deeply using ditch spread, ditch spread, which is selected, passes through decomposed organic fertilizer, and dose is
1000kg/ mus.
Watering：The precipitation of planting-site substantially meets seedling growth, without manually being irrigated, only enters in mid or late October
Row winter irrigation, ensure watering will enough, it is saturating.
Trimming：Annual trimming twice, wipes out withered branch, and centralized burning or buried, to reduce coming year pest and disease damage before entering the winter
Occur, promote the sprouting of new branch；Second Year spring cuts root and newly sprouts branch, prevents the branch of excessive growth from grabbing nutrition, promotes simultaneously
Old branch bar bud differentiation.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：There is no pest and disease damage substantially during seedling growth, without carrying out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Embodiment 2
Difference from Example 1 is：Increase moisturizing liver moss in seedling transportation and storage process, moisturizing liver moss is entering
Sufficient water is sprayed before case, with not into being advisable under drippage.Before cartonning carton bottom and around first spread one layer of thin plastic, the seedling that will have been tied
Wood layering is placed on plastic foil center, one layer of nursery stock, one layer of moisturizing liver moss, and moisturizing liver moss not only acts as protection nursery stock root viability
Effect, can also alleviate caused by transportation rub and damage.Plastic sheeting is wrapped and packed again by carton after filling, to prevent
Control moisture evaporation.
The moisturizing liver moss adhered on nursery stock must be shrugged off before transplanted seedling tree, otherwise liver moss is earthed rear easy breed bacteria, shadow
Ring plant percent.
Stump processing：In Second Year spring of the nursery stock after surviving, weather relatively gentle period is selected to carry out at stump
Reason.
Embodiment 3
First, time and density are transplanted
1.1 plant times：Autumn plants the time between 20~October 10 July.
1.2 planting density：Cold district oil is transplanted with Paeonia papaveracea in river water, and density is 1110 plants/acre, spacing in the rows
50cm。
2nd, selection of seedling
Variety selection indigo plant crane volleys, and it be 2 years raw bare-root seedings to select seedling age, branch is healthy and strong, root system completely, terminal bud and lateral bud
It is full, have no mechanical damage, no disease and pests harm.
Three：Packaging, transport and the storage of nursery stock
Seedling packing：The nursery stock dug in nursery stock production is heeled in processing, heels in ground humidity 60~70%, nursery stock
Cartoning Container Transport is taken in transport：From heeling in take out nursery stock, it is every 30 plants a bundle, lash rope with plastics and tie, when lashing
The basically identical classification of nursery stock length is lashed, below 30cm's ties together, if nursery stock length is big in nursery stock centre position
In 30cm, twice can be tied at nursery stock both ends 1/3, rope is elastic appropriate, and rope bundle can tightly damage very much nursery stock epidermis, too loose to have
It may scatter on the way in transit.Often tying nursery stock quantity can not be too many, central local temperature otherwise can be caused too high, breed bacteria etc.
Microorganism grows.Before cartonning carton bottom and around first spread one layer of thin plastic, by the nursery stock tied layering be placed on plastic foil
Center, one layer of nursery stock, one layer of moisturizing liver moss, moisturizing liver moss spray enough water before cartonning, humidity with not into being advisable under drippage,
Moisturizing liver moss not only acts as the effect of protection nursery stock root viability, can also alleviate and rub and damage caused by transportation.
Plastic sheeting is wrapped and packed again by carton after filling, to prevent controlling moisture evaporation.
Seedling transportation：Nursery stock production and planting-site distance 180km, can complete to transport in the same day.Simultaneously vanning and
During transport, handle with care as far as possible, reduce mechanical damage.
The transport of nursery stock takes vanning to transport, and most fast, most easily means of transportation, fortune are taken in the case of cost-effective
The defeated time, because the respiration of root system, haulage time is long to make local temperature drift among nursery stock, easily no more than 8 days
Breed bacteria, it is unfavorable for nursery stock survival.Such a transportation resources solves the problems, such as the extensive long-distance transport that oil uses tree peony nursery stock, both
The survival rate of nursery stock is can guarantee that, creates condition again for foreign exchange earning.
Nursery stock is stored：The nursery stock dug must be stored in shady and cool warehouse after reaching planting-site, transplanted within second day, nothing
Processing need to be heeled in.
Transplant needs if in one week can not enter to deposit for a long time, the conditional guarantor that nursery stock can be placed near planting-site
Warm moisturizing storehouse, or carry out heeling in processing, require that relative moisture of the soil is more than 60% with heeling in.Nursery stock necessarily can not be sudden and violent before plant
Shine or wind, further take out during plant.
4th, selection of land and site preparation
Selection of land：Planting-site place Gansu can peaceful hondo town, annual precipitation 300mm, soil pH value is 7.6, gas permeability
Tree peony was not transplanted well and, and possessed plant condition.
Soil improvement：Apply decomposed organic fertilizer in every mu of ground of overall fertilising（Sheep manure, cow dung or chicken manure etc.）1000kg, uniformly spread
Leveling is ploughed deeply after applying；
Site preparation：Oil tree peony root flood most afraid of water, annual precipitation, which is more than 600mm, needs ridging, and must carry out prevention waterlogging measure,
Gutter is dug.
For river water, using wide-narrow row planting, after rotary cultivator site preparation, wide-and narrow-row is taken to transplant, wide row 80cm is narrow
Row 60cm, spacing in the rows 60cm；Plant cave diameter 40cm, depth 40cm.It is easy to mechanized operation, while land utilization ratio can be improved.
5th, transplanted seedling tree processing early stage
Processing transplanted seedling tree early stage is under sunshade net or shady place is carried out, nursery stock make sure to keep in mind can not exposure, wind, and by following
Carry out：
Except liver moss：The moisturizing liver moss adhered on nursery stock must be shrugged off, otherwise liver moss is earthed rear easy breed bacteria, influences seedling
Wooden survival rate.
Cut damage：Nursery stock root mechanical damage part caused by handling and transportation is cut, althoughs note that removal portion
Divide and must not exceed the 20% of whole root, if nursery stock root mechanical damage part is more than 50% or stem's terminal bud part is seriously damaged
Wound, then discard, otherwise have a strong impact on plant percent.
Leaching sterilization：Container is got out, solution is prepared according to thiophanate methyl specification, nursery stock is put in the solution prepared
Soaking disinfection 15 minutes, to prevent rotten.
Root-inducing powder soaks：Container is got out, solution is prepared according to root-inducing powder specification, nursery stock is put in the solution prepared
Immersion 10 minutes, hestening rooting.
6th, planting technique
Intercrop pattern：For convenience of final-period management, without interplanting during plant.
Method for planting：Nursery stock is put into the planting hole center dug, nursery stock root and soil is fully contacted, starts to fill out
Soil, while slowly carry seedling upwards, allows root system to unfold, when banket 20cm when, planting hole soil is treaded, continues to banket hidden to burying
Maintain an equal level at bud 2cm with ground, then tread.Sufficient root water is poured after plant in time, due to local water shortage, using planting
Locally watered in plant hole, ensure that root water will be poured, irrigated.
7th, final-period management is transplanted
Mend crack：After having poured root water 1~2 day（When people can descend ground）, surface is carried out to soil in planting hole and loosens the soil and covers
Loosened soil, to cut off soil capillary, reduce moisture evaporation and play soil moisture conservation effect, while prevent hardened.For native around nursery stock
The crack that earth occurs, covers loosened soil while in time seals crack, and preventing and treating moisture evaporates from gap, influences plant percent.
Loosening soil, weeding：It need to weed with a hoe every year 3~4 times, specific can suitably be increased or decreased depending on local careless gesture situation is hoed up weeds
Number.
Watering：The precipitation of planting-site substantially meets seedling growth, without manually being irrigated, only enters in mid or late October
Row winter irrigation, ensure watering will enough, it is saturating.
Trimming：Annual trimming twice, wipes out withered branch, and centralized burning or buried, to reduce coming year pest and disease damage before entering the winter
Occur, promote the sprouting of new branch；Second Year spring cuts root and newly sprouts branch, prevents the branch of excessive growth from grabbing nutrition, promotes simultaneously
Old branch bar bud differentiation.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：There is no pest and disease damage substantially during seedling growth, without carrying out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Embodiment 4- difference from Example 1 is as follows：
First, time and density are transplanted
1.1 plant times：Autumn plants the time between 20~October 10 July.
1.2 planting density：Arid hillside field is trimmed to reversed terrace, 1042 plants/acre, line-spacing 1.00m, spacing in the rows 1.00m of density.
2nd, selection of seedling
Variety selection selection moral purity is purple, and it be 3 years raw bare-root seedings to select seedling age, branch is healthy and strong, root system completely, terminal bud and side
Bud is full, has no mechanical damage, no disease and pests harm.
3rd, selection of land and site preparation
Selection of land：Require that soil possesses cultivation condition substantially for arid hillside field, pH value good permeability and was not transplanted 8.2
Tree peony, below annual precipitation 400mm should have irrigation conditions.
Soil improvement：Decomposed cake fertilizer 250kg is applied on every mu of ground of overall fertilising, leveling is ploughed deeply after uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields, making sure to keep in mind can not
With raw fertilizer；
4th, final-period management is transplanted
Fertilising：Fertilization mode microorganism fertilizer, imposes on planting hole edge, applied fertilizer to spread manuer in holes during earthing half during plant
Measure as 150g/ caves.
Embodiment 5-- difference from Example 1 is as follows：
First, time and density are transplanted
1.1 plant times：Autumn plants the time between 20~October 10 July.
1.2 planting density：Arid hillside field is trimmed to horizontal stand, 667 plants/acre of density.Line-spacing 0.8m, spacing in the rows 0.8m.
2nd, selection of seedling
Variety selection grey crane, it is 3 years raw bare-root seedings to select seedling age, and branch is healthy and strong, root system is complete, terminal bud and lateral bud are satisfied
It is full, have no mechanical damage, no disease and pests harm.
3rd, selection of land and site preparation
Selection of land：PH value good permeability and did not transplanted tree peony 6.5, and below annual precipitation 400mm should have irrigation conditions.
Soil improvement：Fertilization mode is spreads manuer in holes, by microorganism and soil vitality functional fertilizer 1：1 mixes, and is covered during plant
Planting hole edge is imposed on during native half, dose is 150g/ caves.
4th, final-period management is transplanted
Fertilising：Spread manuer in holes and select microorganism fertilizer, dose is 150g/ caves.
Embodiment 6- difference from Example 1 is as follows：
Soil improvement step：Fertilization mode is microorganism fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes, and imposes on planting hole side during plant during earthing half
Edge, dose are 150g/ caves.
Embodiment 7- difference from Example 1 is as follows：Soil improvement step：Fertilization mode is soil vitality function of spreading manuer in holes
Fertilizer, imposes on planting hole edge during earthing half during plant, dose is 150g/ caves.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of cold district oil method for planting of tree peony, it is characterised in that it comprises the steps：
A, selection of land
Planting-site selects：Annual precipitation is more than 600mm planting-site ridging, uses wide-narrow row planting river water；Arid hillside field requirement
Soil possesses cultivation condition, and pH value good permeability and did not transplanted tree peony between 6.5~8.2；
B, soil improvement：Applied fertilizer, select overall fertilising or partial fertilizer；
C, site preparation：Region of the annual precipitation more than 600mm needs ridging；
D, transplanted seedling tree processing early stage
Cut damage：Nursery stock root mechanical damage part caused by handling and transportation is cut,
Leaching sterilization：Nursery stock is put in soaking disinfection 15~30 minutes in bactericide, to prevent rotten；Bactericide is selected from carbendazim or first
Base thiophanate；
Root-inducing powder soaks：Nursery stock is put in rooting powder solution and soaked 10~15 minutes, hestening rooting；
E, transplant
Nursery stock is put into the planting hole center dug, nursery stock root and soil is fully contacted, bankets, while slowly carry upwards
Seedling, allow root system to unfold, when earthing 2/3, planting hole soil is treaded；Sufficient root water is poured after plant in time；
F, final-period management is transplanted
Mend crack：After having poured root water 1~2 day, surface is carried out to soil in planting hole and loosens the soil and covers loosened soil, to cut off soil capillarity
Thin blood vessel；If crack occurs in nursery stock surrounding soil, cover loosened soil while seal crack；
Loosening soil, weeding：Weed with a hoe 3~4 times every year；
Before transplanted seedling tree, in the packaging of nursery stock and transport increase moisturizing liver moss, before nursery stock cartonning carton bottom and around spread
Layer of plastic film, one layer of nursery stock, one layer of moisturizing liver moss；
During the step D is handled early stage, before transplanted seedling tree, nursery stock storage place is at heat and moisture preserving storehouse or shady and cool warehouse,
In no-wind environment；During step E plant, oil with tree peony and other plant interplanting, other plant include pear tree, willow,
Capsicum, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers or pea；
In step F plant final-period managements, after Survival rate of nursery stock, select weather more gentle, the Second Year or the 3rd year spring that rainfall is plentiful
Ji Jinhang stumps；
Oil is transplanted the time with tree peony and transplanted for two seasons, and spring transplants the time in 10~April 20 March, after soil defrosting, day
Temperature on average is transplanted when reaching 10 DEG C；Autumn plants the time between 20~October 10 July；
The selection of nursery stock kind be purple plague purpura is white, Lan He volleys, moral purity purple, grey crane, match queen, saussurea involucrata, timely, erythema in vain,
Beautiful butterfly, purple phoenix, powder lotus, red golden stamen or blue lotus, it is 2~3 years raw bare-root seedings to select seedling age.
A kind of 2. cold district oil according to claim 1 method for planting of tree peony, it is characterised in that：Step C site preparations
In, use wide-narrow row planting, the wide 80~100cm of wide row, the wide 60cm of narrow row, single file configuration river water；Arid hillside field requires soil tool
Standby cultivation condition, pH value good permeability and did not transplanted tree peony between 6.5~8.2；Arid hillside field is trimmed to according to landform horizontal line
Reversed terrace or horizontal stand, reversed terrace 1.5~3m of width, horizontal stand width are not less than 1m；River water planting density be 1110
~1330 plants/acre, spacing in the rows is 50~60cm；Arid hillside field planting density is 667~1042 plants/acre, and line-spacing is 0.8~1.00m, strain
Away from for 0.8~1.00m.
A kind of 3. cold district oil according to claim 1 or 2 method for planting of tree peony, it is characterised in that：Step B soil
In earth improvement, decomposed 1000~1500kg of organic fertilizer or cake fertilizer 250kg are applied in the overall every mu of ground that applies fertilizer；Or take local apply
Fertilizer, the mixture of microorganism fertilizer, one kind in soil vitality functional fertilizer or two seed manure is affixed by the planting hole dug, applied fertilizer
Measure as 150g/ caves.
A kind of 4. cold district oil according to claim 3 method for planting of tree peony, it is characterised in that：Step F is transplanted
In final-period management, combine annual October and plough deeply using ditch spread or ring-type fertilising, ditch spread, which is selected, passes through decomposed organic fertilizer, dose
For 1000kg/ mus；Spread manuer in holes and select cake fertilizer or microorganism fertilizer, dose is 150g/ caves.
A kind of 5. cold district oil according to claim 4 method for planting of tree peony, it is characterised in that：Step F is transplanted
In final-period management, trimming annual to nursery stock twice, wipes out withered branch, and centralized burning or buried, Second Year spring cuts before entering the winter
Fall root and newly sprout branch；Ensure that draining is dredged, avoid ponding, water 2~3 times every year；Northern area annual October 10
Day~December 10 watered, and poured, irrigates, and carried out winter irrigation.
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| CN106034615A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-26 | 郎溪县天香油用牡丹种植专业合作社 | Oil peony plantation method |
| CN105815104A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-03 | 云南滇香国色农业科技有限公司 | Four-step method for raising branching rate of transplanted oil-used peony |
| CN106105953A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 全椒县西王镇成名家庭农场 | A kind of method that pear tree is interplanted with Folium Camelliae sinensis |
| CN106386286A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 大理青索花果山中药材种植有限公司 | Cold and freezing preservation method of peony planting |
| CN106386355A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-02-15 | 唐山供销农业开发有限公司 | A cultivation method for increasing the yield of paeonia ostii through close planting and fertilizing |
| CN107493858A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-22 | 襄阳市林业科学研究所 | The Hubei province oil cultural method of tree peony |
| CN107493946A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-22 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | Gardening cloth mulching plant anti-oil removing tree peony weeds in field method |
| CN107950262A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-04-24 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of hills hillock cultivation oil herbicidal methods of tree peony |
| CN108496676A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-07 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of oil tree peony overlay film composite plant method |
| CN109169130B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2021-06-08 | 吉林冠州生物科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating paeonia suffruticosa for purple spot oil in Yanbian area |
| CN109169129B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2021-06-08 | 吉林冠州生物科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating peony for paeonia ostii oil in Yanbian area |
| CN111631062A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-09-08 | 亿利首建生态科技有限公司 | Plant planting management and protection method |
| CN114747453B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-06-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | Mechanized planting method for oil peonies |
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| CN101473741B (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-10-27 | 兰州牡丹园艺开发公司 | Graft and rapid propagation method for commercial production of Paeonia rockii |
| JP2011142903A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-07-28 | Kinki Univ | Method for raising seedlings of peony |
| CN104641922A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-05-27 | 临夏州振华牡丹园艺科技有限责任公司 | Fast seedling breeding method for oil-purpose paeonia rockii in alpine region |
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