CN105815104A - Four-step method for raising branching rate of transplanted oil-used peony - Google Patents
Four-step method for raising branching rate of transplanted oil-used peony Download PDFInfo
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- CN105815104A CN105815104A CN201610380417.4A CN201610380417A CN105815104A CN 105815104 A CN105815104 A CN 105815104A CN 201610380417 A CN201610380417 A CN 201610380417A CN 105815104 A CN105815104 A CN 105815104A
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- peony
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a four-step method for raising the branching rate of a transplanted oil-used peony. The method comprises the steps of cleaning and disinfecting a transplanted oil-used peony seedling, pruning roots of the transplanted oil-used peony seedling, cutting the root surface of the transplanted oil-used peony seedling, wrapping the fleshy root part with mud, and evening stubble of the transplanted oil-used peony seedling. According to the four-step method, microorganisms such as bacteria are isolated from the roots through multiple means, the harmful microorganisms are prevented from infecting the roots, the survival rate of the oil-used peony is effectively raised, and meanwhile the preservation time of the oil-used peony is prolonged; two times of stubble evening are adopted, and the branching rate is remarkably raised.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil tree-peony transplantation technical field, particularly relate to a kind of oil tree-peony transplantation that improves and send out the four step rule of a rate.
Background technology
Oil is a kind of perennial undershrub originating in China with Paeonia suffruticosa, and oil productivity is high, and oil is excellent, is a kind of well woody oleiferous plants crop.Except adopt lower seed of Flos Moutan processing peony seed oil in addition to, its petal, pistil and Ye Jun can tea making, Cortex Moutan can be used as medicine；Peony seed oil unsaturated fatty acid content is up to 92.26%, and wherein alpha-linolenic acid accounts for more than 42%, and many index all exceedes the olive oil being referred to as " liquid golden ", is the most best edible oil.
Oil with Paeonia suffruticosa is drought-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, resistance to high and cold, have check winds and fix drifting sand, conserve water and soil, water conservation, the effect such as carbon sequestration oxygen supplement, be good green tree species.Current oil is fairly simple with the implantation methods of Paeonia suffruticosa, but the oil of plantation is low by Paeonia suffruticosa quality, it is low to send out branch rate, yields poorly.
The Chinese patent application of Application No. CN201510553345.4 discloses a kind of method of oil Paeonia suffruticosa high-yield culturing; the method include selection of land wholely, seeding and seedling raising, transplanting, field management, the big step of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control five; simple to operate, it is suitable for large-scale promotion and uses.Nursery stock is directly put into the field planting hole got ready by this patent when transplanting, and makes root system unfold, first uses table earthen backfill when burying soil, is further filled with Nutrition Soil, waters after steady and sure soil.During transplanting, survival rate is relatively low, and a branch rate is low and sends out branch negligible amounts.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of oil tree-peony transplantation that improves to send out the four step rule of a rate, and the method increases substantially the survival rate of oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling, and branch quantity can be significantly increased.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of oil tree-peony transplantation that improves sends out the four step rule of a rate, described four step rule is: the step of oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling cleaning and sterilization, oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling root relief cuts the step of root, the step of mud, and the oil step of tree-peony transplantation Seedling stump are wrapped up in oil tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion.
Described oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling cleaning and sterilization step is as follows: oil tree-peony transplantation lifting is after soil, the oil root of tree-peony transplantation Seedling uses clear water to rinse, after washing away earth, whole strain is immersed in 0.2～0.5% carbendazim (N-(2-benzimidazole base)-Methyl carbamate) in solution, dry in the air after soaking 15～20min and put 24～48h.The bactericidal liquid using other can also.Owing to oil is fleshy tap root with the root of Paeonia suffruticosa, if with original soil after lifting, root can rupture during transplanting ground in transport, the harmful microorganism contained in original soil easily infects place of being completely cured, then occur rotten root, rotten, cause oil cannot send out branch (bud) with Paeonia suffruticosa, survival rate is low.Therefore, oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling is necessary to water from soil and cleans, and uses carbendazim (other sterilizing reagent solutions can also) soaking sterilization.
After transplanted seedling uses carbendazim solution to soak, go out to place 24～48h in ventilation cool place, it is therefore an objective to softenings of suitably being shunk by root, prevent in handling process root because of brittleness relatively major rupture damage, and the holding time can be extended.
The step that described oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling root relief cuts root is as follows: oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling cleaning and sterilization dries in the air after putting, and is all pruned by transplanted seedling root, is trimmed to root length 10～20cm.Purpose is oil being completely cured of Paeonia suffruticosa, rotten and long root all to be pruned, and does not stay dead angle, it is to avoid be completely cured, rotten cause microorganism to be infected, the butt rot and the survival rate that cause are low.Pruning long root avoids root long, and when carrying, planting, root bends and disconnects and cause butt rot.Prune root, the oil survival rate of Paeonia suffruticosa can be effectively improved.
It is relevant with the trophophase of transplanted seedling that root prunes length, is trimmed to 10～12cm according to 1 year oil generation tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion；It is trimmed to 12～15cm according to 2 years oil generation tree-peony transplantation shoot root portions；It is trimmed to 15～20cm according to life in 3 years and above oil tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion.
The step that mud is wrapped up in described oil tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion is as follows: uses mud to wrap the root of oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling completely, dries in the air and put 1～20 day after wrapping up in slurry；Described mud uses the raw-soil and/or plant ash, carbendazim and water furnishing.Should be fully wrapped around by the face of being completely cured when root wraps up in mud, it is therefore an objective to prevent root ingress of air, cause harmful microorganism to infect, also avoid oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling root during transplanting to contact with soil simultaneously and unreal cause butt rot.It addition, can significantly extend the holding time of transplanted seedling after wrapping up in mud, extend 10～15 days than the holding time of the transplanted seedling being left intact, it is simple to cultivate after long distance transportation.
Described mud can use plant ash, carbendazim and water furnishing, and the ratio of plant ash, carbendazim and water is 8～12:0.5～1:8～30.
Described mud can also use plant ash, carbendazim, the raw-soil and water furnishing, and the ratio of plant ash, carbendazim, the raw-soil and water is 8～12:8～12:0.5～1:30～50.
The soil that the described raw-soil digs out from underground deep layer, does not have debris, and without nutritional labeling, microorganism is less.
The step of described oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling stump is as follows: after mud is wrapped up in described oil tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion, 9～cultivate stump after the furrow accomplished fluently November, carry out field management by existing method, next year 9～November stump again.After twice stump, every strain oil can reach 6～8 with the side shoot of Paeonia suffruticosa, will send out branch rate and improve 1～2 times, and the productivity of oilseeds can be improved more than 20% further.
Stump for the first time can also be carried out before the cultivation of oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling, but after stump, remaining transplanted seedling is too small, cultivation inconvenience, carry out stump after preferentially using cultivation.
During the cultivation of described oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling, according to 1 year oil generation tree-peony transplantation Seedling, the seeding row spacing of cultivation was (spacing in the rows) 20～25cm × (line-spacing) 40～45cm；According to 2 years oil generation tree-peony transplantation Seedlings, the seeding row spacing of cultivation was (spacing in the rows) 30～35cm × (line-spacing) 50～55cm；According to life in 3 years and above oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling, the seeding row spacing of cultivation is (spacing in the rows) 40～50cm × (line-spacing) 60～70cm.
Oil Varieties of Peony of the present invention is Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeonia papaveracea or P. delavayi.
The carbendazim that the present invention uses is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 0.2-0.5% carbendazim solution compound method: is added by the powder of carbendazim of 0.5kg50% in the water of 50～100kg and prepares.
The present invention uses four step rule to transplant oil with Paeonia suffruticosa: owing to the oil root of Paeonia suffruticosa is the deep root of meat, infected by the microorganisms such as antibacterial, and during transplanting, oil is with after Paeonia suffruticosa fracture of root, and harmful microorganism easily infects and causes rotten rotten of root.Existing method for transplanting is all transplanted seedling is dug out after, directly cultivation is in planting base, and survival rate is low, and it is relatively slow to send out branch, sends out branch less.In order to solve this problem, first transplanted seedling root is carried out sterilization by the present invention, then root is pruned, mud is used to wrap up whole root again, harmful microorganism is isolated with root by the present invention by multiple means, avoid infection root, so can be effectively improved the oil survival rate of Paeonia suffruticosa, also extend its holding time simultaneously.The present invention uses twice stump, is greatly improved and sends out branch rate, also further increases the yield of Paeonia suffruticosa oilseeds.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that the present invention passes through multiple means and isolated with root by harmful microorganism, it is to avoid infect root, be effectively improved the oil survival rate of Paeonia suffruticosa, also extend its holding time simultaneously；The present invention uses twice stump, is greatly improved and sends out branch rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in further details.
The oil Varieties of Peony that following example use is Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeonia papaveracea (PaeoniaRockii) and P. delavayi (PaeoniadelavayiFranch).
P. delavayi Paeoniaceae Paeonia, for Radix Paeoniae kind plant, mainly originates in Yunnan, Tibet, gradually endangers species, belong to Chinese Second Class Key Protected Plant, and flower can be made into P. delavayi scented tea, seed can extract peony oil, Cortex Moutan can be used as medicine for it.But P. delavayi seed kind germination percentage is low, for being effectively protected this species, only expand artificial culture and increase yield, just can be effectively protected.
Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeonia papaveracea and P. delavayi are all meat deep root system plants, should select on the sunny side when selection of land, high-land, the plot of easy draining.Preferably the sandy loam that soil is deep with soil layer, fertile, avoid viscous plot heavy, saline and alkaline, low-lying.
Following comparative example and embodiment are implemented in Malong County, Qujing, Yunnan Province, and Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa transplanted seedling comes from base, Heze City, Shandong Province nursery, and P. delavayi transplanted seedling comes from base, nursery, forest-science academy of Yunnan Province, and Paeonia papaveracea comes from base, nursery, Linxia, Gansu.
The carbendazim that following example use is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 0.2-0.5% carbendazim solution compound method: is added by the powder of carbendazim of 0.5kg50% in the water of 50～100kg and prepares.
Comparative example (Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa)
In by the end of September, 2013,1 year raw Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa transplanted seedling at base, Heze City, Shandong Province nursery lifting after soil, directly transport is to Malong County, Qujing, Yunnan Province, it is transplanted to planting base, plantation terminate after stump immediately, by normal field management by methods, Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa transplanted seedling survival rate is less than 40%, and the Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa transplanted seedling survived is almost without the long twig made new advances.
Embodiment 1 (Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa)
The first step: 1 year raw Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa transplanted seedling at base, Heze City, Shandong Province nursery lifting after soil, clear water is used to rinse whole strain transplanted seedling, after washing away earth, whole strain is immersed in 4% carbendazim solution, dry in the air after soaking 20min and put, dry in the air and transport after putting 48h to Malong County, Qujing, Yunnan Province, whole for transplanted seedling strain is immersed in 3% carbendazim solution, dries in the air after soaking 15min and put 24h；
Second step: dry in the air and pruned by Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa transplanted seedling root after putting, within 1 year, raw Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa transplanted seedling root is trimmed to 10～12cm；
3rd step: use the raw-soil, plant ash, 5% carbendazol wettable powder and water in mass ratio 10～11:10～11:0.8～0.9:40～45 furnishing mud, transplanted seedling after pruning root is dipped in mud, make mud wrap the root of transplanted seedling completely, dry in the air after wrapping up in slurry and put 2～5 days；
4th step: the transplanted seedling after putting drying in the air by the end of September is transplanted to planting base, seeding row spacing is 20～25cm × 40～45cm.
Plantation terminate after stump immediately, and by normal field management by methods, Paeonia ostii transplanted seedling survival rate is to more than 90%, and the averagely every strain 2 of the Paeonia ostii transplanted seedling survived～3, October next year carries out secondary stump again, sends out the averagely every strain of branch quantity and reaches 4～8；Receiving seed of Flos Moutan after cultivating 3 years, Setting percentage can improve more than 20%.
Embodiment 1 is compared with comparative example, and by processing root, survival rate is greatly improved, additionally, by stump immediately after cultivation, and Second Year carries out secondary stump, sends out a branch rate and improves 1～2 times, when Paeonia suffruticosa used by existing method plantation oil, can think that transplanted seedling is the most small and weak, need survival after transplant after about 1 year, just to carry out stump, but so can consume root nutrition, cause oil nutrition concentration cannot be utilized in the winter time to take root, support root with Paeonia suffruticosa, send out branch rate and reduce.
Embodiment 2 (P. delavayi)
The first step: the P. delavayi transplanted seedling of life in 2 years at base, nursery, forest-science academy of Yunnan Province lifting after soil, by whole strain transplanted seedling use clear water rinse, after washing away earth, root is immersed in 0.25% carbendazim (N-(2-benzimidazole base)-Methyl carbamate) in solution, dry in the air after soaking 15min and put 24h.
Second step: pruned by transplanted seedling root, within 2 years, raw P. delavayi transplanted seedling root is trimmed to 12～15cm；
3rd step: use plant ash, 5% carbendazol wettable powder and water in mass ratio 8～10:0.6～0.8:15～20 furnishing mud, the transplanted seedling after pruning root is dipped in mud, makes mud wrap the root of transplanted seedling completely, dries in the air and put 10 days after wrapping up in slurry；
4th step: late September put drying in the air after transplanted seedling cultivate the furrow accomplished fluently after；The seeding row spacing of 2 years raw P. delavayi transplanted seedlings cultivation is 30～35cm × 50～55cm；
Transplanting terminate after stump immediately, carry out field management, survival rate more than 95% according to a conventional method, branch 2～3 are sent out in the averagely every strain of the transplanted seedling survived, and next year JIUYUE carries out secondary stump again, and branch 4～8 are sent out in average every strain；Receiving seed of Flos Moutan after cultivating 3 years, Setting percentage can improve more than 20%.
Embodiment 3 (Paeonia papaveracea)
The first step: 3 years raw Paeonia papaveracea transplanted seedlings at base, nursery, Linxia, Gansu lifting after soil, clear water is used to rinse whole strain transplanted seedling, after washing away earth, whole strain is immersed in 5% carbendazim solution, dry in the air after soaking 20min and put, dry in the air and transport after putting 24h to Malong County, Qujing, Yunnan Province, whole for transplanted seedling strain is immersed in 0.25% carbendazim solution, dries in the air after soaking 15min and put 36h；
Second step: pruned by transplanted seedling root, within 3 years, raw Paeonia papaveracea transplanted seedling root is trimmed to 15～20cm；
3rd step: use the raw-soil, plant ash, carbendazol wettable powder and water in mass ratio 11～12:11～12:0.9～1:45～50 furnishing mud, transplanted seedling after pruning root is dipped in mud, make mud wrap the root of transplanted seedling completely, dry in the air after wrapping up in slurry and put 5～7 days；
4th step: early October put drying in the air after transplanted seedling be transplanted to planting base, the seeding row spacing of the Paeonia papaveracea transplanted seedling of life in 3 years cultivation is 40～50cm × 60～70cm.
Plantation terminate after stump immediately, and by normal field management by methods, Paeonia ostii transplanted seedling survival rate is to more than 90%, and the averagely every strain 2 of the Paeonia papaveracea transplanted seedling survived～3, October next year carries out secondary stump again, sends out the averagely every strain of branch quantity and reaches 4～8；Receiving seed of Flos Moutan after cultivating 3 years, Setting percentage can improve more than 20%.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is improved oil tree-peony transplantation and sends out the four step rule of a rate, it is characterized in that, described four step rule is: the step of oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling cleaning and sterilization, and oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling root relief cuts the step of root, the step of mud, and the oil step of tree-peony transplantation Seedling stump are wrapped up in oil tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion.
2. the oil tree-peony transplantation that improves as claimed in claim 1 sends out the four step rule of a rate, it is characterized in that, described oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling cleaning and sterilization step is as follows: oil tree-peony transplantation lifting is after soil, whole strain oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling uses clear water to rinse, during whole strain is immersed in 0.2-0.5% carbendazim solution after washing away earth, dries in the air after soaking 15～20min and put 24～48h.
3. the oil tree-peony transplantation that improves as claimed in claim 1 sends out the four step rule of a rate, it is characterized in that, the step that described oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling root relief cuts root is as follows: oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling cleaning and sterilization dries in the air after putting, and is pruned by transplanted seedling root, is trimmed to root length 10～20cm.
4. the oil tree-peony transplantation that improves as claimed in claim 1 sends out the four step rule of a rate, it is characterised in that the step that mud is wrapped up in described oil tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion is as follows: uses mud to wrap the root of oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling completely, dries in the air and put 1～20 day after wrapping up in mud；Described mud uses the raw-soil and/or plant ash, carbendazim and water furnishing.
5. the oil tree-peony transplantation that improves as claimed in claim 1 sends out the four step rule of a rate, it is characterized in that, the step of described oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling stump is as follows: after mud is wrapped up in described oil tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion, 9～cultivate stump after the furrow accomplished fluently November, next year 9～November stump again.
6. the oil tree-peony transplantation that improves as claimed in claim 3 sends out the four step rule of a rate, it is characterised in that described oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling root relief cuts root, if the root of 1 year oil generation tree-peony transplantation Seedling is trimmed to 10～12cm；If the root of 2 years oil generation tree-peony transplantation Seedlings is trimmed to 12～15cm, if life in 3 years and above oil tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion are trimmed to 15～20cm.
7. the oil tree-peony transplantation that improves as claimed in claim 4 sends out the four step rule of a rate, it is characterized in that, described oil tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion wraps up in mud and uses plant ash, carbendazim and water furnishing, and the ratio of plant ash, carbendazim and water is 8～12:0.5～1:8～30.
8. the oil tree-peony transplantation that improves as claimed in claim 4 sends out the four step rule of a rate, it is characterized in that, described oil tree-peony transplantation shoot root portion wraps up in mud and uses plant ash, carbendazim, the raw-soil and water furnishing, and the ratio of plant ash, carbendazim, the raw-soil and water is 8～12:8～12:0.5～1:30～50.
9. the as claimed in claim 5 oil tree-peony transplantation that improves sends out the four step rule of a rate, it is characterised in that when described oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling is cultivated, if 1 year oil generation tree-peony transplantation Seedling, the seeding row spacing of cultivation is 20～25cm × 40～45cm；If 2 years oil generation tree-peony transplantation Seedlings, the seeding row spacing of cultivation is 30～35cm × 50～55cm, if life in 3 years and above oil tree-peony transplantation Seedling, the seeding row spacing of cultivation is 40～50cm × 60～70cm.
10. the oil tree-peony transplantation that improves as described in as arbitrary in claim 1～9 sends out the four step rule of a rate, it is characterised in that described oil Varieties of Peony is Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeonia papaveracea or P. delavayi.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107484508A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-19 | 山东卓品农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high-quality Feng Dan implantation methods |
| CN109744056A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-05-14 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | A kind of P. delavayi cultivates the segmented method for culturing seedlings of neat seedling, strong sprout |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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