JP6530584B2 - Method of producing seedlings of licorice genus plant - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing seedlings of a lichen genus plant capable of propagating licorice plants extremely simply and efficiently.

  The licorice plant belongs to the leguminous family, and is a perennial plant that is native to arid areas such as southern Russia, Mongolia, northern China and western China, and Europe. Some dried licorice roots and stolons (rhizomes) are called licorice, and are known as the most versatile herbal ingredients prescribed to over 70% of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. It is used as a stimulant, an analgesic, an antitussive, an expectorant and the like. In addition, glycyrrhizinic acid, which is the main component, has an enhancing function of liver function, antitumor action, anti-inflammatory action, antiviral action, anti-allergic action, anti-atopic action, etc. In addition, since it has a unique sweetness of about 150 times that of sucrose, it is consumed not only in medicine but also as a sweetener such as soy sauce and confectionery.

  Currently, almost all of the licorice distributed in the Japanese market is covered with wild products, and it currently relies on imports from countries of origin such as China, but in recent years these areas have Depletion of resources is a problem. In addition, it is difficult to stably produce a large amount of glycyrrhizinic acid content due to differences in glycyrrhizinic acid content due to the effects of the cultivation area, weather, etc. There is a problem that hardly any one satisfying the standard value (2.5% or more) defined in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia can be obtained.

  Therefore, where establishment of an efficient breeding method for licorice plants is desired at an early stage, it takes a lot of time to breed varieties capable of seed breeding, so vegetative breeding is realistic for the time being, and simple There is a strong demand for the development of efficient vegetative propagation methods.

  As a conventional vegetative propagation method in the field, Strons are cut into 15 to 20 cm in length and planted in the field, grown for a certain period and then dug up to collect Strons, which are cut again to make seedlings Although the method is known (see Non-patent Document 1), there is a problem that it takes a long time to grow.

  On the other hand, there is a method of culturing a tissue fragment containing the shoot apex and sprouts of a licorice plant in a culture medium for tissue culture and cultivating it into a seedling (see Patent Document 1). (See Patent Document 2), and a method of performing nutriculture after immersing a section of the root or stem of a licorice plant in an aqueous solution containing divalent iron ions (see Patent Document 2). Although they have been proposed, the present situation is that they have not been put into practical use because they have problems in terms of production efficiency and cost.

  On the other hand, after applying a short running water treatment to the cuttings collected from the mother stock of Uralkan Fern as a pretreatment, a pot filled with culture soil, vermeulite or a hydroponic support, etc. (seed bed) There has been reported a method of growing a seedling by cutting and rooting into a tree (see Non-Patent Document 2). That is, even if cuttings of licorice plants are simply cut into a nursery, it is likely that the cuttings secrete substances that inhibit rooting, so that the rooting rate is extremely low and practicability is low as a breeding method. It is thought that the rooting rate can be improved by treating the cuttings with running water treatment to remove such secretions.

JP-A-4-11824 JP 2005-11824 A JP, 2012-115261, A

"Pharmaceutical plant cultivation and quality evaluation Part 10" supervised by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2002, pp. 51-62. Yoshihiro Yoshimatsu, "2012 Health and Labor Science Research Grants Grants (Drug-Development Research Project) Empirical research for practical use of herbal medicines such as licorice etc. produced by artificial hydroponic cultivation system-New Ural kanju excellent stock" On the development of traits and development of large-scale growth methods of Uralkan jujube excellent strains cultivated under hydroponic conditions under various cultivation environmental conditions-", FY2012 Review and Sharing Research Report (H24-Drug discovery-General-007) , March 2013, pp. 18-44

  However, even with the prior art described in Non-Patent Document 2, the rooting rate is not yet high enough, and the period (about 20 days) until the rooting of cuttings into the nursery bed and subsequent acclimatization There has been a problem that daily irrigation or water replacement is required for a long period of time (about 10 days), and the growth of seedlings is extremely complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a plantlet of the genus Licorice, which can carry out the vegetative propagation of the genus Licorice very simply and efficiently To provide.

  The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following means.

(1) That is, according to the present invention, a stolon of a licorice plant is planted on culture soil, and a mother strain is grown from day 52 to day 64 after planting, and the first cuttings obtained from the mother strain are Cutting trees in a bed of hydroponic culture type hydroponic culture equipment, circulating the hydroponic solution to make a hydroponic mother strain, and second cuttings from the hydroponic mother strain being taken from the start of cuttings of the first cuttings 30 Under the natural light and artificial lighting, while circulating the nutrient solution in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the nutrient solution circulation type, the collection step to be collected and the second cutting ears collected in the collection step on the first day to the 51st day A licorice plant comprising: a rooting step of hydroponically cultivating and rooting; and a conditioning step of transplanting and acclimating a second cutting ear rooted in the rooting step to a nursery bed. It is a production method of a seedling of genus plant.

(2) The present invention is also the method for producing a seedlings of the plant belonging to the genus Licorice according to (1), characterized in that the harvesting step is harvesting the second cuttings from sprouts of the water culture mother strain.

  According to the method of the present invention for producing seedlings of the licorice plant, a very high rooting rate and survival rate to the field are realized, so that the vegetative propagation of the licorice plant can be performed extremely efficiently.

  Moreover, according to the method for producing seedlings of a lichen genus plant of the present invention, the rooting process can be automatically processed by a hydroponic cultivation apparatus, and there is no need to perform frequent irrigation etc. as in conventional nursery beds. Therefore, the vegetative propagation of the licorice plant can be performed extremely simply.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows an example of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which can be utilized by this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the stolon of the ural patch which can be utilized by this invention. It is a figure which shows the mode of the mother strain under cultivation by soil culture in a reference example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the appearance of the sprouting or top bud of the mother strain grown by soil culture in Reference Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the appearance of the cutting ear extract | collected from the mother strain grown by soil culture in Reference Example 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the appearance of the cutting ear which was cut to the mother stock bed of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus in the reference example 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the mode of the mother strain (86th day after cutting) which propagated in the reference example 2. FIG. 7 is a table showing the results of growth of mother strains in Reference Example 2. It is a figure which shows the appearance of the cutting ear which was cut to the growth bed of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus in Example 1. FIG. It is a table | surface which shows the result of rooting of the seedling in Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the appearance of a seedling rooted 20th day after cutting in Example 1. It is a figure which shows the appearance of the seedling transplanted to the pot with which the culture soil was filled in Example 1, and acclimatizing. It is a table | surface which shows the result of the raising condition of the seedling after the cutting in Example 1. FIG. 5 is a table showing the results of the growth rate of seedlings in the field in Example 1. 15 is a table showing the results of rooting of seedlings in Example 3.

  BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an embodiment of the method for producing a seedlings of the plant of the present invention is described in detail.

  In the method of the present invention for producing seedlings of licorice plants, a collecting step of collecting cuttings from a mother strain, and a cutting ring collected in the collecting step are circulated a nutrient solution with a hydroponic cultivation apparatus of a nutrient solution circulation type. It is characterized by having a rooting step of hydroponically cultivating and rooting, and a conditioning step of transplanting and acclimatizing the cuttings rooted in the rooting step to a nursery bed. .

  Specific examples of the licorice plant to which the method for producing a seedling of the present invention can be applied are Glycyrrhiza acanthocarpa, G. et al. aspera, G. astragalina, G. bucharica, G., et al. echinata (Russian licorice), G.I. eglandulosa, G. foetida, G .; foetidissima, G .; glabra (Spain Fern), G. Gotts charovii, G. iconica, G. korshinskyi, G. lepidota (American Fern), G. pallidiflora, G., et al. squamulosa, G., et al. triphylla, G .; G. uralensis (Ural kanzo), yunnanensis, G. Examples include inflata (Xinjiang licorice) and the like. Among these, in particular, it can be suitably used for Ural phan.

In the method of the present invention for producing seedlings of licorice plants, first, cuttings are collected from a mother strain of the above licorice plants (collecting step). The mother strain of the licorice plant used in the collecting step of the present invention may be one obtained by soil culture and may be one obtained by water culture. In the case of the former, it can be obtained, for example, by cutting stomata of licorice plants to a length of 15 to 20 cm, planting them on culture soil, and cultivating them for a certain period of time. The latter case can be obtained, for example, by cutting cuttings of a licorice plant in a bed of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus as described later, and circulating liquid manure for hydroponic cultivation. However, it is preferable that the mother strain from which the cuttings are collected is within 50 days after the cuttings are first collected, and the number of cuttings is 150 or less per 0.5 m ² . When cuttings are collected from a mother strain which deviates from the restriction, the rooting rate is unfavorably reduced. The cuttings in the collection step of the present invention are preferably collected from the sprouts or apical shoots of the mother strain, preferably from the sprouts, and for example, they are cut into 10 to 12 cm long stems and 5 to 6 nodes. Use.

  Next, the cuttings collected in the collecting step are hydroponically grown and rooted while circulating a nutrient solution with a hydroponic cultivation apparatus of a hydroponic circulation type (rooting step). FIG. 1: is a schematic perspective view which shows an example of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which can be utilized at the rooting process of this invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 hydroponically cultivates cuttings, which are disposed in the upper part of a box-shaped hydroponic tank 10 for storing and circulating a nutrient solution and the hydroponic tank 10. A tray-like cultivation tank 20 for rooting and a plate-like bed 30 provided above the cultivation tank 20 and provided with a plurality of openings 31 for inserting and supporting cuttings , Is composed of. The nutrient solution injected into the nutrient solution tank 10 is sent to the culture tank 20 through the circulation pump 41 and the liquid supply pipe 43, and it flows out of the water level adjustment pipe 45 and is circulated to the nutrient solution tank 10 ing. When the nutrient solution in circulation is dropped from the water level adjustment pipe 45 to the nutrient solution tank 10, oxygen is sufficiently taken in, and a constant oxygen concentration is maintained.

  The nutrient solution used in the rooting step of the present invention is not particularly limited, and commercially available liquid manure for hydroponic culture or liquid manure for soil culture can be used after being diluted in water, etc. It may be water only. The amount of nutrient solution to be circulated is preferably 0.5 to 2.0 L, particularly preferably 0.8 to 1.5 L, per cutting. If the amount of nutrient solution is less than the above amount, rooting of the seedlings becomes insufficient, and if the amount exceeds the above upper limit, the effect corresponding to the cost can not be obtained. In the rooting process, there is no need to replace the nutrient solution as long as it circulates. As cultivation conditions of a rooting process, cultivation is performed under the environment of temperature 22-26 ° C, humidity 40-60%, and supplementary light by natural light and illumination for 12-16 hours. The cultivation period of the rooting step is preferably 10 to 30 days, particularly preferably 15 to 25 days, for the same reason as described above.

  Finally, the cuttings rooted in the above-mentioned rooting step are transplanted to a nursery and acclimated (conditioning step). As a nursery bed, although the pot etc. which were filled with culture soil and vermiculite etc. which are normally used are mentioned, it is not limited to this. The cultivation conditions of the acclimatization process are the same as the cultivation conditions of the rooting process. The cultivation period of the acclimation step is preferably 5 to 30 days, particularly preferably 7 to 14 days. If the cultivation period of the acclimatization process is less than the above lower limit, the survival rate after planting to the field decreases, and if it exceeds the above upper limit, the effect corresponding to the cost can not be obtained.

Next, the method for producing the seedlings of the lichen genus plant of the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[Reference Example 1]

Cultivation of a mother strain (Ural persimmon No. 10) by soil culture

2. Strone (see Fig. 2) 2 seedlings of Ural kanzo (Ural kanzo No. 10 described in JP 2011-50273) of a glycyrrhizinic acid-rich strain is planted in a pot filled with culture soil, and the mother strain is It was grown up to 64 days after planting by soil culture (see FIG. 3).
[Reference Example 2]

Breeding of a mother strain (Ural persimmon No. 10) by hydroponic culture

  From the mother strain obtained in Reference Example 1, multiple sprouts or apical shoots (see FIG. 4) are collected multiple times from day 32 to day 64 after planting, and cutting ears (stem length 10 to 12 cm) , 5 to 6 nodes) (see FIG. 5).

The mother cutting bed (area per bed 0) of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus (Kyowa Co., Ltd. "home hyponica 303", outer size 80 x 67 x 31 cm) having a structure as shown in Fig. 1 is obtained. .5m referenced cuttings (6 ^2)), a liquid fertilizer by the water culture apparatus (manufactured by Kyowa Ltd. "Haiponika fertilizer a solution · B solution" containing each 110 mL) by circulating 50L, 24 ± 2 ° C., It grew by hydroponics under the cultivation environment of the supplementary light (14 hours) by natural light and illumination (refer FIG. 7).

  The number of days elapsed from planting Stron at the time of cutting, number of cuttings, number of rooting (number of strains whose rooting was confirmed after 20 days of cutting) and rooting rate (number of rooting / number of cuttings × 100). It was shown to.

Rooting of seedlings (Uralkanzhuang No. 10) by hydroponic culture

  From the mother strain obtained in Reference Example 2, sprouts of multiple strains were collected multiple times from the 32nd day to the 162nd day after cutting in the same manner as in Reference Example 2 to obtain cuttings.

  The obtained cuttings were cut in a growth bed of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus in the same manner as in Reference Example 2, and rooted by hydroponic cultivation (see FIG. 9).

  The number of days elapsed since the start of cutting at the time of cutting, the number of cuttings, the number of rooting (the number of rooting confirmed after 20 days of cutting), the rooting rate (the number of rooting / the number of cuttings × 100), the number of surviving strains (after cutting) The results of the survival rate on day 65 to 82) and the survival rate (number of surviving strains / number of rooting strains × 100) are shown in FIG.

Acclimation of seedlings

  Seedlings (see Fig. 11) which were rooted on the 20th day after cutting, to a pot filled with culture soil (vermiculite, adjusted peat moss, pot ace (manufactured by Katakura Chiclanin) at a volume ratio of 1: 1: 2) After transplanted and acclimated for 10 days (see FIG. 12), they were planted in the field.

  The results of the growth condition of the seedlings after cutting and the growth rate of the seedlings in the field (number of proliferating strains per seedling: the number obtained by dividing fresh weight of stolon at first and second year of cultivation by weight of fixed planted seedlings), They are shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, respectively.

When circulating water as nutrient solution with hydroponic cultivation equipment

  In Example 1, the nutrient solution to be circulated by the hydroponic cultivation apparatus was treated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1 except that water was used instead of liquid manure, and the seedlings were rooted. The rooting rates on the 20th and 20th day (test) were 67% and 100%, respectively.

Rooting of seedlings (Uralkanso No. 70) by hydroponic culture

  In Reference Examples 1 and 2 and Example 1, as a mother strain, there are No. In place of No. 10, there are no. The same procedure was followed to root the seedlings, except that 70 was used.

  Number of days elapsed since cutting start when cutting, number of cuttings, number of rooting (number of stocks where rooting was confirmed 20 days after cutting) and rooting rate (number of rooting / number of cuttings × 100) results are shown in FIG. Indicated.

  As described above, the method for producing seedlings of the licorice plant of the present invention is very useful when used for vegetative propagation of the licorice plant, because the licorice plants can be easily and efficiently propagated.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10 Hydroponic tank 20 Cultivation tank 30 Bed 31 Opening 41 Circulation pump 43 Liquid supply pipe 45 Water level control pipe

Claims (2)

The stolons of licorice plants are planted on the culture soil, and the mother strain is grown from day 52 to day 64 after planting, and the first cuttings obtained from the mother strain are used as a hydroponic culture apparatus of a nutrient solution circulation type. Cutting in a bed, circulating the nutrient solution to make a hydroponic mother strain, and collecting a second cutting ear from the hydroponic mother strain on the 30th day to the 51st day from the start of the first cutting Collection process,
A rooting step of hydroponically cultivating and rooting the second cuttings collected in the collecting step under natural light and artificial lighting while circulating a nutrient solution with a hydroponic water culture apparatus of a nutrient solution circulation type;
A conditioning step of transplanting and acclimating the second cuttings rooted in the rooting step to a nursery bed;
A method for producing a seedlings of a licorice plant, comprising: The method of producing a seedlings of a lichen genus plant according to claim 1, wherein the collecting step collects second cuttings from sprouts of a water culture mother strain.