JP2018139593A - Method of producing seedlings of glycyrrhiza plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of producing seedlings of the glycyrrhiza plant with which propagation of the glycyrrhiza plant can be carried out with extreme simplicity and efficiency.SOLUTION: First cuttings are collected from the axillary buds of the mother strain of glycyrrhiza plant, which is within 50 days of first collecting cuttings and the collection number of the cuttings is 150 or less per 0.5 m. Next, the collected cuttings are hydroponically cultivated for 15 to 25 days to root while circulating 0.8 to 1.5 L of nutrient liquid per cutting in a nutrient circulation type hydroponic culture apparatus. Next, the rooted cuttings are transplanted to the nursery bed, acclimatized for 7 to 14 days, and planted in a field.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing seedlings of a licorice plant, which is capable of extremely simply and efficiently growing a licorice plant.

  Licorice belongs to the leguminous family and is a perennial plant that grows naturally in dry regions such as southern Russia, Mongolia, northern China to western China, and Europe. The dried roots and strons (underground stems) of some licorice plants are called licorice, and are known as the most versatile raw materials for herbal medicines that are prescribed in over 70% of Kampo prescriptions. It is used as an antispasmodic, analgesic, antitussive, and expectorant. In addition, glycyrrhizic acid, which is the main component, has liver function enhancing action, antitumor action, anti-inflammatory action, antiviral action, antiallergic action, antiatopic action, etc., and is very useful as a pharmaceutical raw material. In addition, since it has a unique sweetness of about 150 times that of sucrose, it is consumed in large quantities not only as a pharmaceutical product but also as a sweetener such as soy sauce and confectionery.

  Currently, almost all licorice in the Japanese market is covered with wild products, and the current situation is that it relies on imports from the country of origin such as China. The depletion of resources is a problem. In addition, the licorice cultivated product has a difference in the content of glycyrrhizic acid due to the influence of the cultivation area and the weather, so it is difficult to produce glycyrrhizic acid stably and in large quantities. There is a problem that almost none of them satisfy the standard value (2.5% or more) defined in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.

  Therefore, when it is desired to establish an efficient method for breeding licorice plants early, it takes a lot of time to cultivate varieties that allow seed breeding. The development of an efficient vegetative propagation method is eagerly desired.

  As a conventional vegetative propagation method in a field, a stron is cut to a length of 15 to 20 cm, planted in a field, cultivated for a certain period, and then stront is collected and cut again to create a seedling. Although a method is known (see Non-Patent Document 1), there is a problem that it takes a lot of time for proliferation.

  On the other hand, a method of cultivating a tissue piece containing shoot tips and buds of a licorice plant in a tissue culture medium and growing it into seedlings (see Patent Document 1), and liquid culture of a bud plant tissue of a licorice plant in the dark A method of inducing a tissue (see Patent Document 2), a method of hydroponic cultivation after immersing a root or stem section of a licorice plant in an aqueous solution containing divalent iron ions (see Patent Document 3), etc. Although they have been proposed, there are problems in terms of production efficiency and cost, and the current situation is that they have not been put into practical use.

  On the other hand, a pot filled with culture soil, vermulite or a hydroponic support, etc. after a short period of running water treatment as a pretreatment on the cuttings collected from the mother stock of Urallianthus A method of growing seedlings by cutting them into roots and rooting them has been reported (see Non-Patent Document 2). That is, normally, even if cuttings of licorice plants are simply cut into the nursery, the substance that inhibits rooting is probably secreted from the cuttings, so the rooting rate is remarkably low and the practicality as a breeding method is low, It is considered that the rooting rate can be improved by performing running water treatment before cuttings to remove such secretions.

JP-A-4-11824 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-11824 JP 2012-115261 A

Supervised by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Health and Welfare, “Medical plant cultivation and quality evaluation Part10”, Yakuji Nipposha, 2002, pp. 51-62 Yoshiyo Kayo, “2012 Welfare Labor Sciences Research Grant (Drug Discovery Promotion Research Project) Empirical Research for Practical Use of Herbal Medicines such as Licorice and Other Herbal Medicines Produced by an Artificial Hydroponic Culture System- Research on the development of large-scale growth methods and traits of superior strains of Uralphanthus cultivated under hydroponic conditions under various cultivation environmental conditions ”, 2012 Summary / Shared Research Report (H24-Drug Discovery-General-007) March 2013, pp. 18-44

  However, even with the prior art described in Non-Patent Document 2, the rooting rate is still not sufficiently high, and the period until rooting after cutting on the nursery (about 20 days) and subsequent acclimatization There is a problem that daily irrigation or water exchange is necessary for a long period of time (about 10 days), and the growth of seedlings is extremely complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a licorice plant seedling that can perform vegetative reproduction of a licorice plant very simply and efficiently. Is to provide.

  The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following means.

  (1) That is, the present invention is a hydroponic cultivation in which a cutting process for collecting cuttings from a mother stock and the cuttings collected in the collecting process are circulated through a nutrient solution circulating hydroponic device. A rooting step for rooting, and an acclimatization step for transplanting and acclimatizing the cuttings rooted in the rooting step to a nursery, It is a production method.

  (2) The present invention is also the method for producing licorice plant seedlings according to (1), wherein the collecting step collects cuttings from the buds of the mother strain.

(3) Further, in the present invention, the collecting step collects cuttings from a mother strain that is within 50 days from the first collecting of cuttings and the number of cuttings collected is 150 or less per 0.5 m ^2. The method for producing seedlings of the licorice plant according to (1) or (2), wherein

  (4) The cultivation period of the rooting step is 10 to 30 days, and the cultivation period of the acclimatization step is 5 to 30 days, according to any one of (1) to (3). This is a method for producing seedlings of licorice plants.

  (5) In the present invention, any of (1) to (3), wherein a cultivation period of the rooting step is 15 to 25 days, and a cultivation period of the acclimatization step is 7-14 days. A method for producing seedlings of a licorice plant according to one.

  (6) The amount of nutrient solution circulated in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is 0.5 to 2.0 L per cutting ear, and the licorice plant according to any one of (1) to (5) This is a production method for seedlings.

  (7) In the present invention, the amount of nutrient solution circulated in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is 0.8 to 1.5 L per cutting ear, and the amount of nutrient solution is any one of (1) to (5) It is the production method of the seedling of the licorice genus plant of description.

  According to the method for producing seedlings of the licorice plant of the present invention, a very high rooting rate and an establishment rate on a field can be realized, so that vegetative plants can be vegetatively propagated extremely efficiently.

  Moreover, according to the method for producing seedlings of the licorice plant of the present invention, the rooting process can be automatically processed by the hydroponic cultivation apparatus, and it is not necessary to perform frequent irrigation or the like as in the conventional nursery bed. Therefore, it is possible to vegetatively breed licorice plants very easily.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows an example of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which can be utilized by this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the stron of Uralphanthus which can be used by this invention. It is a figure which shows the mode of the mother stock currently growing by soil cultivation in the reference example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the mode of the bud or the top bud of the mother strain grown by soil culture in Reference Example 1. It is a figure which shows the mode of the cutting head extract | collected from the mother strain grown by soil culture in Reference Example 2. In the reference example 2, it is a figure which shows the mode of the cutting head cut by the mother bed of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus. It is a figure which shows the mode of the mother stock (86th day after cutting) grown in Reference Example 2. 10 is a table showing the results of growth of a mother strain in Reference Example 2. In Example 1, it is a figure which shows the mode of the cutting head cut by the bed for proliferation of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus. 2 is a table showing the results of seedling rooting in Example 1. It is a figure which shows the mode of the seedling rooted on the 20th day after cutting in Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the mode of the seedling which is transplanted to the pot filled with the culture soil in Example 1, and is acclimatizing. It is a table | surface which shows the result of the raising state of the seedling after cutting in Example 1. FIG. 3 is a table showing the results of seedling growth rate in a field in Example 1. 10 is a table showing the results of seedling rooting in Example 3.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the method for producing seedlings of the licorice plant of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The method for producing seedlings of the licorice plant of the present invention comprises a collecting step of collecting cuttings from a mother strain, and cutting the cuttings collected in the collecting step by circulating a nutrient solution using a hydroponic culture apparatus of a nutrient solution circulation type. However, it has a rooting step for rooting by hydroponics, and an acclimatization step for transplanting and acclimatizing the cuttings rooted in the rooting step to a nursery. .

  Specific examples of the licorice plant to which the seedling production method of the present invention can be applied include Glycyrrhiza acanthocapa, G. et al. aspera, G. et al. astragalina, G.M. Bucharica, G.M. echinata (Russian licorice), G. et al. eglandulosa, G. et al. foetida, G. et al. foetisisima, G. et al. glabra (Spank licorice), G. gontscharovii, G. et al. iconica, G .; Korshinsky, G.K. lepidota (African licorice), G. pallidiflora, G.M. squamulosa, G. et al. triphylla, G.M. uralensis, G. et al. yunnanensis, G. et al. inflata (Xinjiang licorice) and the like. Among these, it can be suitably used particularly for Uralphanthus.

In the method for producing seedlings of the licorice plant of the present invention, first, cuttings are collected from the mother strain of the licorice plant (collecting step). The parent strain of the licorice plant used in the collecting step of the present invention may be one obtained by soil cultivation or one obtained by hydroponics. In the former case, it can be obtained, for example, by cutting a strontium of a licorice plant into a length of 15 to 20 cm, planting it in a culture soil, and cultivating it for a certain period. In the latter case, it can be obtained, for example, by cutting the cuttings of the licorice plant into a bed of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus as will be described later and circulating the liquid fertilizer for hydroponics. However, the mother strain from which the cuttings are collected is preferably within 50 days after the first cuttings are collected, and the number of cuttings collected is within 150 per 0.5 m ² . When cuttings are collected from a mother strain that is out of this restriction, the rooting rate decreases, which is not preferable. The cuttings in the collecting step of the present invention are preferably collected from the buds or apical buds of the mother strain, preferably from the shoots. To use.

  Next, the cuttings collected in the collecting step are rooted by hydroponics while circulating the nutrient solution using a nutrient solution circulation type hydroponic cultivation apparatus (rooting step). FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus that can be used in the rooting step of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 hydroponically cultivates cutting ears arranged in a box-shaped nutrient solution tank 10 for storing and circulating a nutrient solution and an upper part of the nutrient solution tank 10. A tray-shaped cultivation tank 20 for rooting, and a plate-shaped bed 30 provided on the upper part of the cultivation tank 20 and provided with a plurality of openings 31 for inserting and supporting cutting ears; , Is composed of. The nutrient solution injected into the nutrient solution tank 10 is sent to the cultivation tank 20 via the circulation pump 41 and the supply pipe 43, flows out of the water level adjustment pipe 45, and is circulated to the nutrient solution tank 10. ing. When the circulating nutrient solution falls from the water level control pipe 45 to the nutrient solution tank 10, oxygen is sufficiently taken in and a constant oxygen concentration is maintained.

  The nutrient solution used in the rooting step of the present invention is not particularly limited, and commercially available liquid fertilizer for hydroponics or liquid fertilizer for soil cultivation can be used. It may be water only. The amount of nutrient solution to be circulated is preferably 0.5 to 2.0 L, particularly preferably 0.8 to 1.5 L per cutting head. If the amount of nutrient solution is less than the above, the rooting of seedlings will be insufficient, and if it exceeds the above upper limit, it will not be possible to obtain an effect commensurate with the cost. During the rooting process, the nutrient solution need not be replaced as long as it is circulated. As a cultivation condition of a rooting process, it grows in the environment of temperature 22-26 degreeC, humidity 40-60%, and supplementary light 12-16 hours by natural light and illumination. Moreover, the cultivation period of the rooting step is preferably 10 to 30 days, particularly preferably 15 to 25 days, for the same reason as described above.

  Finally, the cuttings rooted in the rooting step are transplanted to a nursery bed and acclimatized (acclimation step). Examples of the seedbed include, but are not limited to, pots filled with commonly used culture soil, vermiculite, and the like. The cultivation conditions for the acclimatization process are the same as the cultivation conditions for the rooting process. The cultivation period of the acclimatization step is preferably 5 to 30 days, particularly preferably 7 to 14 days. If the cultivation period of the acclimatization process is less than the above lower limit, the survival rate after planting to the field will decrease, and if it exceeds the above upper limit, an effect commensurate with the cost will not be obtained.

Next, the method for producing seedlings of the licorice plant of the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[Reference Example 1]

  Breeding of the mother strain (Uralusou No.10) by soil cultivation

A stront (see FIG. 2) 2 seedlings of a glycyrrhizic acid-rich line Ural licorice (Ural licorice No. 10 described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-50273) are planted in a pot filled with culture soil, It grew up to the 64th day after planting by soil cultivation (refer FIG. 3).
[Reference Example 2]

  Breeding of mother stock (Urkan licorice No. 10) by hydroponics

  From the mother strain obtained in Reference Example 1, a plurality of axillary buds or apical buds (see FIG. 4) were collected a plurality of times from the 32nd day to the 64th day after planting, and the cuttings (stem length 10-12 cm) , 5 to 6 nodes) (see FIG. 5).

The obtained cutting head is a hydroponics cultivation apparatus (“Kyowa Co., Ltd.“ Home Hyponica 303 ”, outer dimensions 80 × 67 × 31 cm) having a structure as shown in FIG. .5 m ² ) (see FIG. 6), 50 L of liquid fertilizer (containing 110 mL of “Hyponica Fertilizer A Liquid / B Liquid” each manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd.) is circulated by the hydroponic cultivation apparatus, 24 ± 2 ° C., It proliferated by hydroponics under the cultivation environment of natural light and supplementary light (14 hours) by lighting (see FIG. 7).

  FIG. 8 shows the results of the number of days elapsed from the Stron planting at the time of cutting, the number of cuttings, the number of rooting strains (the number of roots that were confirmed rooting 20 days after cutting), and the rooting rate (number of rooting plants / number of cuttings × 100). It was shown to.

  Rooting of seedlings (Urakanzo No. 10) by hydroponics

  From the mother strain obtained in Reference Example 2, in the same manner as in Reference Example 2, a plurality of axillary buds were collected from the 32nd day to the 162nd day after cutting to obtain cuttings.

  In the same manner as in Reference Example 2, the obtained cuttings were cut on a breeding bed of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and rooted by hydroponic cultivation (see FIG. 9).

  Elapsed days from the start of cuttings at the time of cutting, the number of cuttings, the number of rooting strains (the number of roots confirmed after 20 days of cuttings), the rooting rate (number of rooting plants / number of cuttings × 100), number of living strains (after cuttings) The results of the survival rate on day 65 to 82) and the survival rate (number of surviving strains / number of rooting strains × 100) are shown in FIG.

  Acclimatization of seedlings

  The seedling rooted on the 20th day after cutting (see FIG. 11) is transferred to a pot filled with culture soil (vermiculite, adjusted peat moss, pot ace (made by Katakura Chikkarin) at a volume ratio of 1: 1: 2). After transplantation and acclimatization for 10 days (see FIG. 12), the plants were planted in the field.

  The growth condition of the seedlings after cutting, and the growth rate of seedlings in the field (number of breeding strains per seedling: number obtained by dividing the fresh weight of Stron in the first year and second year of cultivation by the weight of the planted seedlings) These are shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, respectively.

  When water is circulated as a nutrient solution in hydroponic cultivation equipment

  In Example 1, the nutrient solution to be circulated in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that water was used instead of liquid fertilizer, and the seedlings were rooted. The rooting rate on the 20th day (20 seedlings test) and the 20th day was 67% and 100%, respectively.

  Rooting of seedlings (Urakanzo No. 70) by hydroponics

  In Reference Examples 1 and 2 and Example 1, Uralphanthus No. 1 described in JP 2011-50273 A as a mother strain. No. 10 is replaced by Uralphanthus No. The seedlings were rooted by treating in substantially the same manner except that 70 was used.

  FIG. 15 shows the results of the number of days elapsed from the start of cutting at the time of cutting, the number of cuttings, the number of rooting strains (the number of roots confirmed rooting 20 days after cutting), and the rooting rate (number of rooting plants / number of cuttings × 100). Indicated.

  As described above, the method for producing seedlings of the licorice plant of the present invention can be propagated simply and efficiently, and is extremely useful when used for vegetative propagation of licorice plants.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10 Nutrient tank 20 Cultivation tank 30 Bed 31 Opening 41 Circulation pump 43 Supply pipe 45 Water level adjustment pipe

Claims (7)

A collection process for collecting cuttings from the mother strain;
A rooting step in which the cuttings collected in the collecting step are rooted by hydroponics while circulating the nutrient solution with a nutrient solution circulation type hydroponic cultivation device; and
An acclimatization step in which the cuttings rooted in the rooting step are transplanted to a nursery and acclimatized;
A method for producing a seedling of a licorice plant, characterized by comprising:   The method for producing seedlings of a licorice plant according to claim 1, wherein the collecting step collects cuttings from the buds of the mother strain. The collecting step is characterized in that cuttings are collected from a mother strain within 50 days after the first cuttings are collected and the number of cuttings collected is within 150 per 0.5 m ^2. A method for producing a seedling of a licorice plant according to 1 or 2.   The cultivation period of the said rooting process is 10 to 30 days, and the cultivation period of the said acclimatization process is a seedling of the licorice plant of any one of Claims 1-3 which is 5 to 30 days. Production method.   The cultivation period of the rooting process is 15 to 25 days, and the cultivation period of the acclimatization process is 7-14 days, The seedling of the licorice plant of any one of Claims 1-3 Production method.   The method for producing licorice plant seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the amount of nutrient solution circulated in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is 0.5 to 2.0 L per cutting stock. .   The method for producing licorice plant seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the amount of nutrient solution circulated in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is 0.8 to 1.5 L per cutting stock. .