CN112772400A - Three-dimensional seedling raising device and seedling raising method - Google Patents
Three-dimensional seedling raising device and seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112772400A CN112772400A CN202110096161.5A CN202110096161A CN112772400A CN 112772400 A CN112772400 A CN 112772400A CN 202110096161 A CN202110096161 A CN 202110096161A CN 112772400 A CN112772400 A CN 112772400A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional seedling raising device and a seedling raising method, belonging to the field of planting, and comprising a frame, a tray, a plastic cushion, composite cloth, a water inlet and a lamp; the connection relation is that the tray is placed in the frame and fixedly connected, the plastic cushion is placed in the tray and covers the upward surface of the whole tray, the composite cloth is placed on the plastic cushion, the water inlet is arranged above the tray, and the lamp is arranged right above the tray; simple design and manufacture, high seedling raising efficiency, rapid and convenient seedling taking-out and suitability for being applied to the field of gardening seedling raising.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a three-dimensional seedling raising device and a seedling raising method, belongs to the technical field of floating seedling raising of agricultural tissue culture seedlings, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional seedling raising device adopting composite cloth as a seedling raising culture medium.
Background
The conventional tissue culture seedlings are directly planted in a greenhouse, and the defects of the prior art are as follows: the survival rate is low, can only reach 40-50%, and the disease and insect pest are more, so that the management is not easy and convenient.
The prior disclosed agricultural tissue culture seedling floating seedling raising technology comprises the following steps: building a floating pool, namely building the pool with the maximum utilization rate according to the specification of the shed, wherein the specification of the floating pool is flexibly mastered according to the specification of the shed; the pool ridge can be made of hollow bricks, wood plates or adobes, and can also be poured by concrete, the width of the ridge surface is required to be not less than 40cm, the ridge surface and the periphery of the pool are kept flat, so that the floating disc is basically free of gaps after being placed, and the pool bottom is rough, and a small amount of fine soil or fine sand can be paved for leveling; the basement membrane is a membrane with the thickness of more than 8 filaments; laying a special substrate for seedling culture; the defects of the technology are as follows: still, the process is complex, the illumination quality cannot be accurately controlled, the seedlings are not easy to move out, the young root systems of the seedlings are easy to damage, and the greenhouse space utilization rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a three-dimensional seedling raising device for overcoming the defects of the existing agricultural tissue culture seedling floating seedling raising technology.
A three-dimensional seedling raising device is provided, wherein seedling raising units are assembled; the seedling raising unit comprises a frame, a tray, a plastic cushion, composite cloth, a water inlet and a lamp; the connection relation is that the tray is placed in the shelf and fixed connection, and the plastic mat is placed in the tray and covers whole tray one side up, and compound cloth activity is placed on the plastic mat, and the water inlet is installed in tray side top, and the lamp is installed directly over the tray.
The composite cloth is formed by compounding three layers of cloth, wherein the three layers of cloth are an upper layer and a lower layer which are water-absorbing cloth, and the middle layer is fiber cloth.
The water absorption cloth is a cotton-containing cloth, and the cotton-containing cloth is a cotton-containing gabardine.
The twill angle of the cotton-containing gabardine is 45 degrees; the cotton-containing gabardine is any one of plain cloth, poplin and twill cloth.
The cotton-containing gabardine is preferably twill.
The twill angle of the fiber cloth is 90 degrees; the fiber cloth is any one of polyester fiber cloth and regenerated fiber cloth.
The regenerated fiber cloth is made of any one of cotton and hemp, bamboo, trees and shrubs, or any combination of the cotton and the shrubs.
The regenerated fiber cloth is preferably woven by bamboo fiber yarns.
The three-dimensional seedling raising device is formed by assembling seedling raising units in parallel connection or in series connection; or assembled by upper superposition connection or assembled by lower superposition connection.
The seedling raising method for three-dimensional seedling raising comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: assembling a three-dimensional seedling raising device, arranging the three-dimensional seedling raising device according to the specific space of the greenhouse, and sterilizing the greenhouse, a frame, a tray, a plastic mat, composite cloth, a water inlet and a lamp for the first time; the composite cloth is placed on the plastic cushion, a water inlet is sequentially connected above the side of the tray, and at least one group of illuminating lamps are arranged right above the tray; sterilizing the assembled three-dimensional seedling raising device for the second time;
step two: selecting corresponding nutrient water according to the seedling seeds, and putting the nutrient water into a tray until the whole composite cloth cover is soaked;
step three: sowing, namely uniformly placing seeds on the whole composite cloth cover;
step four: according to the seedling seeds, regularly and quantitatively feeding water, and regularly turning on a lamp to irradiate the seeds;
step five: after the seedling raising of the seeds is seedling forming, dragging the composite cloth to move out of the tray, and taking out the seedlings in sequence;
step six: cleaning the tray, the plastic cushion, the composite cloth and the water inlet; the next seedling is repeatedly used.
The mechanism of the composite cloth as a special substrate for seedling culture;
firstly, the cotton-containing gabardine has the advantages of deodorization, ventilation, comfort and the like different from common cloth; gabardine woolen cloth
Is made of 2/2 twill texture, and is a cotton type fabric made of transplanted woolen tweed style; common raw materials comprise pure cotton, cotton/viscose, cotton/vitamin and the like; the warp and weft yarns are usually 28-36 tex (21-16 English) single yarn or 14tex multiplied by 2-28 tex multiplied by 2 (42/2-32/2) plied yarn. The warp tightness is 75-95%; the weft tightness is 45-55%, and the warp and weft tightness ratio is approximately equal to 2: 1; the gabardine is thick in texture and not hard, is wear-resistant and not easy to break, has opposite diagonal directions on the front and the back, has a diagonal angle of 45 degrees, and has prominent and fine weave; the patent innovatively selects composite cloth as a special substrate for seedling culture, the composite cloth is formed by compounding three layers of cloth, the three layers of cloth are formed by weaving cotton-containing gabardine on the upper layer and the lower layer, and bamboo fiber yarns are used as the middle layer; through multiple experiments, the cotton-containing gabardine has the characteristic of absorbing and storing moisture, is suitable for the growth of seedling seeds, has a twill angle of 45 degrees and outstanding and delicate texture, and is favorable for root system development.
The middle layer is a fabric woven by bamboo fiber yarns, the structure composition of the fabric is similar to that of cotton, and the difference is the moisture absorption property of the fabric
Compared with the cotton fiber, the cotton fiber has better air permeability, is the best one of the moisture absorption and air permeability in all chemical fibers, and is known as the breathable fabric; meanwhile, the silk fabric has partial advantages of silk which cotton fibers do not have; has excellent drapability and silky luster; the thermal stability and the light stability are high, and static electricity is not generated; the tensile strength and the elongation can meet the requirements of most textiles; has better spinnability; the short fiber can be spun purely or blended with other textile fibers, the fabric is soft, smooth and good in air permeability, the cloth cover is woven by bamboo fiber yarns, and the fabric is super durable and has very good antibacterial and deodorant effects; the bamboo fiber yarn woven into the fabric can not be soaked and rotten by water and damaged, so the fabric is very durable; and the product does not generate peculiar smell after being used for a long time, and is a healthy and environment-friendly product; the chemical components of the bamboo fiber are mainly cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin; the bamboo fiber has strong antibacterial and bactericidal effects, and can effectively deodorize. Experiments show that the bamboo fiber fabric has the ammonia gas deodorization rate of 70-72% and the acid odor deodorization rate of 93-95%. The preparation process of the bamboo fiber comprises the following steps: bamboo → bamboo chip → bamboo steaming chip → crushing and decomposing → biological enzyme degumming → carding fiber → textile fiber. The twill angle that bamboo cellosilk was made into the cloth is 90 degrees, and tensile strength and elongation can fully satisfy bears the weight of the seed growth of growing seedlings, and after the seed is grown seedlings for the seedling, drag compound cloth and shift out the tray, take out the seedling in proper order.
Technical parameter comparison table of the three-dimensional seedling raising device:
the invention has the outstanding characteristics and remarkable progress that the technical route adopts composite cloth to absorb nutrient moisture as a special substrate for seedling culture; the realized technical function is that the tensile strength and the elongation of the composite cloth can fully meet the requirement of bearing the growth of seedling seeds, after the seedling of the seeds is a mature seedling, the composite cloth is dragged to move out of the tray, the mature seedling is taken out in sequence, and the composite cloth is reused; the three-dimensional seedling raising device has the advantages that the three-dimensional seedling raising device is simple in design and manufacture and low in cost, can be assembled and installed according to the space of the greenhouse, fully utilizes the space, reduces the seedling raising cost, is simple in seedling raising method, accurately controls the illumination quality, is particularly easy to move out of a grown seedling, hardly damages the tender root system of the grown seedling, is high in greenhouse space utilization rate, hardly discharges, is environment-friendly, saves energy, and is clean in production; and the economic benefit of gardening planting is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional seedling raising device unit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-layer cloth structure of the composite cloth.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the upper and lower layers of the composite cloth.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the middle layer of the composite cloth.
In the figure: the device comprises a frame 1, a tray 2, a plastic cushion 3, a composite cloth 4, an upper layer 4-1, a lower layer 4-2, a middle layer 4-2, a water inlet 5 and a lamp 6.
Detailed Description
This patent is implemented in the place that needs three-dimensional device of growing seedlings.
Example one
A three-dimensional seedling raising device is provided, wherein seedling raising units are assembled; the seedling raising unit comprises a frame 1, a tray 2, a plastic cushion 3, composite cloth 4, a water inlet 5 and a lamp 6; the relation of connection is that tray 2 places in shelf 1 and fixed connection, and plastic mat 3 places in tray 2 and covers whole tray 2 one side up, and compound cloth 4 activity is placed on plastic mat 3, and water inlet 5 is installed in tray 2 side top, and lamp 6 is installed directly over tray 2.
The composite cloth 4 is formed by compounding three layers of cloth, wherein the three layers of cloth are an upper layer and a lower layer 4-1 which are water absorption cloth, and a middle layer 4-2 which is fiber cloth.
The water absorption cloth is a cotton-containing cloth, and the cotton-containing cloth is a cotton-containing gabardine.
The twill angle of the cotton-containing gabardine is 45 degrees; the cotton-containing gabardine is any one of plain cloth, poplin and twill cloth.
The cotton-containing gabardine is preferably twill.
The twill angle of the fiber cloth is 90 degrees; the fiber cloth is any one of polyester fiber cloth and regenerated fiber cloth.
The regenerated fiber cloth is made of any one of cotton and hemp, bamboo, trees and shrubs, or any combination of the cotton and the shrubs.
The regenerated fiber cloth is preferably woven by bamboo fiber yarns.
The three-dimensional seedling raising device is formed by connecting seedling raising units in parallel and connecting five layers of the seedling raising units in an overlapping mode.
The barley seedling method for three-dimensional seedling comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: assembling a three-dimensional seedling raising device, arranging the three-dimensional seedling raising device according to the specific space of the greenhouse, and sterilizing the greenhouse, a frame, a tray, a plastic mat, composite cloth, a water inlet and a lamp for the first time; the composite cloth is placed on the plastic cushion, a water inlet is sequentially connected above the side of the tray, and at least one group of illuminating lamps are arranged right above the tray; sterilizing the assembled three-dimensional seedling raising device for the second time;
step two: the seedling seeds are barley, and clear water is put into a tray until the whole composite cloth cover is soaked;
step three: sowing barley seeds, uniformly placing the seeds on the whole composite cloth surface, and ensuring that the barley seeds are completely soaked in clear water;
step four: according to the technical scheme, the seedling raising seeds are barley seeds, water is fed regularly, water is replenished once in 1-2 days, the water replenishing amount in each time is ensured to be completely soaked in water, the barley germination accelerating process is about 9 days, during 9 days of germination accelerating, the malt is ensured to be irradiated by an LED lamp for not less than 12 hours every day, the illumination intensity is 5000LUX, the temperature is increased in the germination accelerating process, and the room temperature is ensured to be 30 ℃;
step five: the barley seed seedling culture needs 9 days for seedling formation, harvesting is carried out after 9 days, the composite cloth is dragged to move out of the tray, and the seedlings are sequentially taken out;
step six: cleaning the tray, the plastic cushion, the composite cloth and the water inlet; the next seedling is repeatedly used.
Example two
The three-dimensional seedling raising devices are connected in series and assembled by connecting three superposed layers.
The pea seedling method for three-dimensional seedling comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sterilizing the assembled three-dimensional seedling raising device for the second time;
step two: the seedling seeds are peas, and clear water is put into the tray until the whole composite cloth cover is soaked;
step three: sowing pea seeds, uniformly placing the seeds on the whole composite cloth surface, and ensuring that the pea seeds are completely immersed in clear water;
step four: the seedling seeds are pea seeds, water is fed regularly, water is supplemented once every 1-2 days, the water supplementation amount of each time is proper to ensure that the seeds can be completely soaked in water, the pea germination accelerating process is about 12 days, during 12 days of germination accelerating, the malt is ensured to be irradiated by an LED lamp for not less than 12 hours every day, the illumination intensity is 5000LUX, the temperature is increased during the germination accelerating process, and the room temperature is ensured to be 30 ℃;
step five: the pea seeds are harvested after 12 days, the composite cloth is dragged to move out of the tray, and the pea seeds are taken out in sequence to form seedlings.
The rest is the same as above.
EXAMPLE III
The pansy seedling culture method for three-dimensional seedling culture comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sterilizing the assembled three-dimensional seedling raising device for the second time;
step two: the seedling seeds are pansy, and clear water is put into a tray until the whole composite cloth cover is soaked;
step three: sowing pansy seeds, uniformly placing the seeds on the whole composite cloth surface, and ensuring that the pansy seeds are completely immersed in clear water;
step four: according to the method, water is fed regularly, water is replenished once in about 1-2 days, the water replenishing amount each time is enough to ensure that the seeds can be completely immersed in water, the germination accelerating process of the pansy needs 35 days, the malt is ensured to be irradiated by an LED lamp for not less than 12 hours every day in 35 days of germination accelerating, the illumination intensity is 8000LUX, the temperature is increased in the germination accelerating process, and the room temperature is ensured to be 30 ℃;
step five: taking out the seedlings after about 30 days for pansy seed seedling culture to become seedlings, dragging the composite cloth to move out of the tray, and performing temporary planting after the seedlings are taken out in sequence.
The rest is the same as above.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional device of growing seedlings which characterized in that: the three-dimensional seedling raising device is assembled by seedling raising units; what is needed is
The seedling raising unit comprises a frame, a tray, a plastic cushion, composite cloth, a water inlet and a lamp; the connection relation is that the tray is placed in the frame and fixedly connected, the plastic cushion is placed in the tray and covers the upward surface of the whole tray, the composite cloth is movably placed on the plastic cushion, the water inlet is arranged above the side of the tray, and the lamp is arranged above the tray; the composite cloth is formed by compounding three layers of cloth, wherein the three layers of cloth are an upper layer and a lower layer which are water-absorbing cloth, and a middle layer is fiber cloth; the water absorption cloth is a cotton-containing cloth, and the cotton-containing cloth is cotton-containing gabardine; the twill angle of the cotton-containing gabardine is 45 degrees; the cotton-containing gabardine is any one of plain cloth, poplin and twill cloth; the cotton-containing gabardine is preferably twill; the twill angle of the fiber cloth is 90 degrees; the fiber cloth is any one of polyester fiber cloth and regenerated fiber cloth; the regenerated fiber cloth is made of any one of cotton and hemp, bamboo, trees and shrubs, or any combination of the cotton and the shrubs; the regenerated fiber cloth is preferably woven by bamboo fiber yarns.
2. A three-dimensional seedling raising device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three-dimensional seedling raising device is formed by assembling seedling raising units in parallel connection or in series connection; or assembled by upper superposition connection or assembled by lower superposition connection.
3. A seedling raising method using the three-dimensional seedling raising device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the seedling raising method for three-dimensional seedling raising comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: assembling a three-dimensional seedling raising device, arranging the three-dimensional seedling raising device according to the specific space of the greenhouse, and sterilizing the inside and outside of the greenhouse, a frame, a tray, a plastic mat, composite cloth, a water inlet and a lamp for the first time; the composite cloth is placed on the plastic cushion, a water inlet is sequentially connected above the side of the tray, and at least one group of illuminating lamps are arranged right above the tray; sterilizing the assembled three-dimensional seedling raising device for the second time;
step two: selecting corresponding nutrient water according to the seedling seeds, and putting the nutrient water into a tray until the whole composite cloth cover is soaked;
step three: sowing, namely uniformly placing seeds on the whole composite cloth cover;
step four: according to the seedling seeds, regularly and quantitatively feeding water, and regularly turning on a lamp to irradiate the seeds;
step five: after the seedling raising of the seeds is seedling forming, dragging the composite cloth to move out of the tray, and taking out the seedlings in sequence;
step six: cleaning the tray, the plastic cushion, the composite cloth and the water inlet; the next seedling is repeatedly used.
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