CN106069347B - A kind of hydrophobic culture medium of plant bulbs - Google Patents
A kind of hydrophobic culture medium of plant bulbs Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069347B CN106069347B CN201610610623.XA CN201610610623A CN106069347B CN 106069347 B CN106069347 B CN 106069347B CN 201610610623 A CN201610610623 A CN 201610610623A CN 106069347 B CN106069347 B CN 106069347B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
- A01G22/67—Dwarf trees, e.g. bonsai
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/066—LDPE (radical process)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the culture medium technical fields of plant bulbs, more particularly to a kind of hydrophobic culture medium of plant bulbs, it from bottom to top include basal layer, the surface of basal layer is laid with waterproof layer, and the surface of waterproof layer is equipped with filled layer, the surface of filled layer is equipped with canvas layer, the surface of canvas layer is equipped with loose type hypothallus, and the longitudinal cross-section of the culture medium is that intermediate high two sides are low, and hydrophobic effect is good, gas permeability is strong, is especially suitable for the growth of plant bulbs.
Description
Technical field
Hipeastrum vittalum's (scientific name: Hippeastrum rutilum) also known as safflower lotus (Hainan flora), blue (the North China warp of the descendants of a nobleman
Ji flora is wanted), the Xian Gao descendants of a nobleman, capital be red, belladonna lily, Afriocan agapanthus, Bai Zhilian, to it is red, to red etc., be Amaryllidaceae Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait
The perennial herb of category.
Hippeastrum bulb is subsphaeroidal, 6-8 pieces of leaf, extracts out after spending, and emerald green, scape is hollow, slightly flat, has white powder；Perianth
There are ramentum in pipe green, cylindric, perianth sliver oblong, top point, carmetta, bit greenish, throat.
Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait was distributed mainly on the ground such as Hainan Province of Brazil and China's Mainland originally, by artificial introducing and planting.Zhu
It is bright-coloured to push up red pattern, flower is loose, and color diversification, firmly gets people and likes.
Hipeastrum vittalum's property likes warm, moist climate, and growth thermophilic is 18~25 DEG C, does not like extremely hot, and sunlight should not be excessively strong,
It should set and be conserved under greenhouse, flood afraid of water.The winter dormancy phase, it is desirable that cold wet weather is advisable with 10~12 DEG C, must not be lower than 5 DEG C.Happiness
Rich in humus, well-drained sandy loam.
If winter soil moisture is big, temperature is more than 25 DEG C, and cauline leaf growth is vigorous, interferes suspend mode, will have a direct impact on next year just
Normally opened flower.Illumination is on the growth of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait and blooms also and has certain influence, and summer avoids strong light long-time direct projection, and Winter Cultivation needs
Sufficient sunlight.Soil requires loose, fertile sand loam, and pH is 5.5~6.5, never ponding.
Due to plant bulbs, especially Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait especially fears ponding, so the drainage performance of its culture medium is fine, but
It is considerably less about the culture medium research of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait at present.Therefore, a kind of suitable Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait or the growth of other plant bulbs are designed
Hydrophobic culture medium, optimize the growing environment of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait or other plant bulbs, have a very important significance.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome shortcoming and defect existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of plant bulbs to dredge
Water culture medium, hydrophobic effect is good, and gas permeability is strong, is especially suitable for the growth of plant bulbs.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
A kind of hydrophobic culture medium of plant bulbs, includes basal layer from bottom to top, and the surface of basal layer is laid with waterproof layer, prevents
The surface of water layer is equipped with filled layer, and the surface of filled layer is equipped with canvas layer, and the surface of canvas layer is equipped with loose type matrix
Layer, the longitudinal cross-section of the culture medium are that intermediate high two sides are low.
Basal layer is general greenhouse foundation bed, and basic soil layer is excavated to the structure of similar triangle, intermediate high, two
Side is low, and drainage effect is good, and on both sides, low bottom is provided with rhone, is directly discharged to water outside culture medium from rhone.Along
The basal layer of triangular structure is laid with one layer of waterproof membrane, and the purpose is to separate the moisture of soil layer to enter in culture medium, it is ensured that mistake
The water of amount enters culture medium.Waterproof membrane is equipped with filled layer, as hydrophobic base material, the moisture that will enter above culture medium
It is stored in filled layer, drains then along inclined-plane.Canvas layer is set on the surface of filled layer, canvas layer has water-permeable and air permeable
Function dredges the water entered from media surface into filled layer, and prevents the loose type hypothallus on upper layer from collapsing, it is ensured that
The robustness of culture medium.The hydrophobic, air-permeability of loose type matrix is very good, therefore can be very good to prevent ponding.Loose type matrix
Tissue it is loose, not only have hydrophobic function, there are also water lock functions, can effectively adjust the moisture in culture medium, keep Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait long
Phase is maintained at the moderate state of humidity.The overall structure of entire culture medium is still kept as basal part that middle part height, two
The low structure in side, improves the drainage performance of entire culture medium.
Wherein, the gradient of the culture medium be 3-5 °, the speed of the draining of the gradient is moderate, not will cause top overdrying or
Bottom state overly moist, conducive to the healthy growth of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait.
Wherein, the waterproof layer is plastic film waterproof membrane.It is at low cost, good water-proof effect.
Wherein, the plastic film waterproof membrane is made of the raw material of following parts by weight:
50-60 parts of low density polyethylene (LDPE)
30-40 parts of polyethylene waste material
20-25 parts of polyethylene terephthalate
5-10 parts of polycarbonate
0.2-0.5 parts of stearate
7-8 parts of polyoxyethylene octyl phenolic ether
0.5-2 parts of antioxidant 1010
1-1.5 parts of antioxidant CA
0.5-1 parts of phosphite ester
0.5-1 parts of sorbierite
3-5 parts of hydrochloric acid
4-5 parts of dioctyl phthalate.
The plastic film waterproof membrane good toughness as made from above-mentioned formula is not easily broken when being laid with substrate and causes waterproof not
Good, and anti-aging property is strong, anticorrosion ability is good, and water proof is ventilative, can persistently be layed in substrate 5-10 will not aging rupture,
It can even reuse.Its preparation cost is higher than traditional plastic film by 5% or so, but its service life is conventional plastic
Film is up to 5 times, and traditional plastic film is easy to tear, and needs to repair when being laid with substrate.
Wherein, the filled layer is laid with by mixing any one or two kinds of in rubble or haydite.
Wherein, the partial size of the rubble or haydite is 0.5-1cm.The partial size of rubble or haydite is excessive, then hydrophobicity is too strong,
The water-holding capacity of substrate is weak, cannot adjust the root humidity of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait well, influence the normal growth of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait.Partial size mistake
Small, then ponding is excessive, to the root for easily corroding Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait.Therefore preferably the partial size of rubble or haydite is 0.5-1cm.
Wherein, the filled layer with a thickness of 3-5cm.The selection of thickness combines cost and hydrophobic effect selection, and ties
The partial size for closing rubble or haydite is selected.
Wherein, the loose type matrix preparation method the following steps are included:
Step 1: municipal sludge is carried out first time high-temperature aerobic fermentation, first time aerobic fermentation product is obtained；By first
Secondary aerobic fermentation product carries out second of high-temperature aerobic fermentation, obtains material I；
Step 2: first time aerobic fermentation product is carried out to obtain material II after anaerobic fermentation；
Step 3: material II and food industry waste residue are mixed in material I, it is mixed to get material III, material I, material II
Parts by weight with food industry waste residue are 32-36 parts, and 0.05-0.075 parts of fermenting agent and deodorizing microorganism are sprayed in mixing
0.05-0.075 parts, by main fermentation, secondary decomposed rear stack to temperature is down to room temperature, obtains loose type matrix.
The preparation of plant culture of the invention uses segmented fermentation method, and it is former to take full advantage of organic matter in municipal sludge
Material temperature in high-temperature aerobic fermentation is lower in the front and back stage, and material I is made in middle stage higher Variation Features, good in this high temperature
Aerobe fermentation, pathogenic bacteria, worm's ovum and weed seed are killed in municipal sludge；After first time aerobic fermentation product carries out anaerobic fermentation
Material II obtained；Material II and food industry waste residue are made an addition into material I, and are inoculated with different physio-biochemical characteristics and drop
The fermenting agent and deodorizing microorganism of function are solved, to realize the orientation degradation of chemical composition in municipal sludge and food industry waste residue,
Shorten fermentation time, removes stink.
Wherein, the step 1 is specifically, municipal sludge is carried out to build heap, progress first time high-temperature aerobic fermentation, fermentation
Time is 12-15 days, air flux 25-35L/min.m3, obtain first time aerobic fermentation product；By first time aerobic fermentation
Product carries out second of high-temperature aerobic fermentation, air flux 25-35L/min.m3, Temperature fall is down to room temperature, obtains material I.?
Municipal sludge is carried out in step 1 to build heap, carries out first time high-temperature aerobic fermentation, in the process microorganism decomposition organic matter
And discharge heat.In the incipient stage, temperature gradually rises up to 45 DEG C or more, and microbial activities is violent, is easy to the organic matter degraded
Rich content；Heap temperature continues to rise, and maximum temperature has reached 60 DEG C or more, this stage is mainly thermophilic bacteria activity, point
Cellulose and pectic substance in municipal sludge are solved, causes fermentation hot stage to be held time longer.
Wherein, the step 2 is specifically, material I is stacked 3-5 days, progress anaerobic fermentation, until the temperature of material I is down to
Room temperature obtains material II.By making municipal sludge sufficiently decomposed after anaerobic fermentation.
Wherein, in the step 3, the food industry waste residue is coffee grounds, mushroom slag or beer residue, participates in constituting loose
The carrier of property matrix.Coffee grounds accounts for about the 60-70% of the dry beans of coffee as the waste after instant coffee production, weight, still
Containing alkaloid very rich, carbohydrate, protein, crude fibre and minerals, value of exploiting and utilizing with higher.In mushroom slag
Defective material has largely for the organic matter of plant absorption and carbohydrate, and dry mushroom slag waste water-holding capacity is higher, through sending out
Apparent improvement result is shown to loose ability, moisture content in medium and the permeance property of culture medium after ferment.Beer residue is in beer
Insoluble slag in beer fermentation liquid has been adsorbed in wine production, containing nutriments such as protein, residual sugar, cellulose, beneficial bacteriums, has been had rich
Rich carbon source and nitrogen source, after microbial fermentation is handled, with the strong property of loose, light, porous, water imbibition and permeability.
Meanwhile the profitable strain in food industry waste residue can increase breeding rapidly, participate in lower nocuousness in degradation and conversion municipal sludge
And the substance being not easily decomposed, so that the substance of polymer state is converted into the small molecule easily absorbed, and destroy city dirt simultaneously
The colloid composition of mud matches it as nutritional ingredient utilization and fermenting agent and deodorizing microorganism by each quasi-microorganism, has
The effect of deodorization, shortens fermentation time.
Wherein, in the step 3, the fermentation time of aerobic fermentation is 7-10 days, and fermentation temperature initial temperature is 25-30
DEG C, air flux 25-35L/min.m3.By aerobic fermentation, it can promote the organic matter in decomposing material III, prevent material
In decomposable process in the substance that easily generates heat make to planting bring adverse effect cultivating plant.
Wherein, in the step 3, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of loose type matrix is (22-28): 1, moisture 55-65%.Loose type base
The carbon-nitrogen ratio of matter, moisture are moderate, and plant bulbs is made to be maintained at the moderate state of humidity for a long time, are conducive to as plant bulbs wound
Make good growing environment.
Wherein, the municipal sludge is the dirt of the sludge of town domestic sewage treatment plant generation, food processing enterprises generation
Mud.Raw material sources are extensive, at low cost, and the content of organic matter is high, not only reduce pollution of the above-mentioned sludge to environment, and become give up into
Treasured improves the utilization efficiency of resource.
Wherein, the loose type hypothallus with a thickness of 3-5cm.Loose type hypothallus is the direct cultivation of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait root
Layer, loose type matrix can provide good hydrophobic, air-permeability effect, prevent the butt rot of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait, loose type matrix itself
Have good water lock effect, be able to maintain certain humidity environment, because the thickness of loose type hypothallus will affect Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait
Humidity environment and moisture content supply, thickness is excessive, then excess moisture, be easy to make the butt rot of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait, if thickness is too low,
Then water lock effect is bad, be easy to cause overdrying, is unfavorable for the normal growth of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait.
Wherein, the partial size of the loose type matrix is 1-3cm.The partial size of loose type matrix is excessive, the root with Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait
Contact point is small, is unfavorable for the stabilization of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait root, and the partial size of loose type matrix is too small, excessively tight according to contacting with Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait
Close, then the effect drained is poor, be easy to cause the root ponding of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait and rots, so, the partial size of loose type matrix is preferably
1-3cm, hydrophobic effect is good, and gas permeability is also relatively good, conducive to the healthy growth of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait.
Wherein, the canvas layer is equipped with water-permeable and air permeable hole, and the aperture in the water-permeable and air permeable hole is less than the loose type matrix
Partial size.The air-and water-permeable hole of canvas can effectively dredge the ponding for accumulating in loose type hypothallus, and be transmitted to down rapidly
In the filled layer of layer, ventilative structure prevents the anaerobic fermentation of bacterium to the corrosion impact of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait root.When loose type matrix
Layer moisture it is too low when, the moisture of filled layer can enter loose type hypothallus in the form of steam, effectively adjust culture medium it
Between moisture conduction.
Preferably, the canvas warp and weft: selecting specification is that the polypropylene chopped fiber of 1.0dtex × 80mm spins thick special yarn, warp
It is made after combining and twisting, 1-2 strands are combineeed and twisted, and the twist is in 5-8 twirl/cm.；Beam of a loom is made using section warping in weaving, then in piece
The canvas for producing of the invention on loom；The woven technological parameter of gripper shuttle loom are as follows: whole-steel D12 matrix shuttle is selected,
Projectile shuttle jaw chucking power is 2-3 times of common same specification cotton yarn, speed 200-230rpm, specific value 40N-45N throws a spear
Corner is 40 °, warp tension is 7-9 kN, shed opening 30mm, back beam height are 10cm grades.Obtain canvas layer air-and water-permeable
Property is good, tough and tensile non-aging.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: basal layer of the present invention is general greenhouse foundation bed, and basic soil layer is excavated
Out similar to the structure of triangle, intermediate high, both sides are low, and drainage effect is good, and on both sides, low bottom is provided with rhone, directly will
Water is discharged to outside culture medium from rhone.It is laid with one layer of waterproof membrane along the basal layer of triangular structure, the purpose is to separate soil layer
Moisture enter in culture medium, it is ensured that the hydrophobicity of culture medium.Waterproof membrane is equipped with filled layer, as hydrophobic base material,
It will be stored in filled layer from the moisture entered above culture medium, drain then along inclined-plane.On the surface of filled layer, sail is set
Layer of cloth, canvas layer have the function of water-permeable and air permeable, and the water entered from media surface is dredged into filled layer, and prevent
The loose type hypothallus of layer collapses, it is ensured that the robustness of culture medium.The hydrophobic, air-permeability of loose type matrix is very good, and organic matter contains
Amount is high, can substitute import coco bran, plays the effects of fixed, hydrophobic, ventilative, greatly reduces cultivation cost.Loose type matrix
Tissue it is loose, not only have hydrophobic function, there are also water lock functions, can effectively adjust the moisture in culture medium, keep Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait long
Phase is maintained at the moderate state of humidity.The overall structure of entire culture medium is still kept as the middle part of basal layer is high, both sides
Low structure improves the drainage performance of entire culture medium, the Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait planted using culture medium of the invention, and pattern is fresh
Gorgeous, bulb is thick big, and product quality is high, and market value is big.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of longitudinal profile structure schematic of the hydrophobic culture medium of plant bulbs of the present invention.
--- basal layer 2 --- waterproof layer 3 --- filled layer of appended drawing reference are as follows: 1
4 --- canvas layer 5 --- loose type hypothallus.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, make below with reference to 1 couple of present invention of examples and drawings further
Illustrate, the content that embodiment refers to not is limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of hydrophobic culture medium of plant bulbs, includes basal layer 1, the surface of basal layer 1 from bottom to top
It is laid with waterproof layer 2, the surface of waterproof layer 2 is equipped with filled layer 3, and the surface of filled layer 3 is equipped with canvas layer 4, the table of canvas layer 4
Face is equipped with loose type hypothallus 5, and the longitudinal cross-section of the culture medium is that intermediate high two sides are low.
The gradient of the culture medium is 3 °.The waterproof layer 2 is plastic film waterproof membrane.The filled layer 3 is rubble.Institute
The partial size for stating rubble is 0.5cm.The filled layer 3 with a thickness of 3cm.The loose type hypothallus 5 with a thickness of 3cm.It is described
The partial size of loose type matrix is 1cm.The canvas layer is equipped with water-permeable and air permeable hole, and the aperture in the water-permeable and air permeable hole is less than described dredge
The partial size of easing matrix.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of the loose type matrix, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: municipal sludge is carried out to build heap, first time high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out, fermentation time is 14 days, ventilation
Intensity is 30L/min.m3, obtains first time aerobic fermentation product；It is good that first time aerobic fermentation product is subjected to second of high temperature
Aerobe fermentation, air flux 30L/min.m3, Temperature fall are down to room temperature, obtain material I；
Step 2: material I is stacked 4 days, anaerobic fermentation is carried out until the temperature of material I is down to room temperature and obtains material II；
Step 3: material II and coffee grounds are added in material I, material I keeps the fermentation activity of municipal sludge, is mixed to get
Material III, the parts by weight of material I, material II and coffee grounds are 33.3 parts, and 0.06 part of fermenting agent is sprayed in mixing and is removed
0.06 part of smelly microbial inoculum, by main fermentation, the fermentation time of aerobic fermentation is 8 days, and fermentation temperature initial temperature is 26 DEG C,
Air flux is 30L/min.m3, then through it is secondary it is decomposed after stack and to temperature be down to room temperature, obtain loose type matrix.It is described loose
The carbon-nitrogen ratio of type matrix is 25:1, moisture 60%.
In the present embodiment, the municipal sludge is the sludge that town domestic sewage treatment plant generates.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: the waterproof layer 2 be plastic film waterproof membrane by following parts by weight
Raw material composition:
50 parts of low density polyethylene (LDPE)
30 parts of polyethylene waste material
20 parts of polyethylene terephthalate
5 parts of polycarbonate
0.2 part of stearate
7 parts of polyoxyethylene octyl phenolic ether
0.5 part of antioxidant 1010
1 part of antioxidant CA
0.5 part of phosphite ester
0.5 part of sorbierite
3 parts of hydrochloric acid
4 parts of dioctyl phthalate.
The gradient of the culture medium is 5 °.The waterproof layer 2 is plastic film waterproof membrane.The filled layer 3 is haydite.Institute
The partial size for stating haydite is 1cm.The filled layer 3 with a thickness of 5cm.The loose type hypothallus 5 with a thickness of 5cm.It is described to dredge
The partial size of easing matrix is 3cm.The canvas layer is equipped with water-permeable and air permeable hole, and the aperture in the water-permeable and air permeable hole is less than described loose
The partial size of type matrix.
In the present embodiment, a kind of preparation method of loose type matrix, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: municipal sludge is carried out to build heap, first time high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out, fermentation time is 12 days, ventilation
Intensity is 32L/min.m3, obtain first time aerobic fermentation product；It is good that first time aerobic fermentation product is subjected to second of high temperature
Aerobe fermentation, air flux 32L/min.m3, Temperature fall is down to room temperature, obtains material I；
Step 2: material I is stacked 3 days, anaerobic fermentation is carried out until the temperature of material I is down to room temperature and obtains material II；
Step 3: material II and mushroom slag are added in material I, material I keeps the fermentation activity of municipal sludge, is mixed to get material
Material III, the parts by weight of material I are 36 parts, the parts by weight of material II are 32 parts, and 36 parts of the parts by weight of mushroom slag spray hair in mixing
0.05 part and 0.075 part of deodorizing microorganism of yeast-like fungi agent, by main fermentation, the fermentation time of aerobic fermentation is 8 days, fermentation temperature
Spending initial temperature is 25 DEG C, air flux 25L/min.m3, then through it is secondary it is decomposed after stack and to temperature be down to room temperature, dredged
Easing matrix；The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the loose type matrix is 25:1, moisture 58%.
In the present embodiment, the municipal sludge is the sludge that food processing enterprises generate.
The other technical characteristics of the present embodiment in the explanation with embodiment 1, are no longer explained herein.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: the waterproof layer 2 be plastic film waterproof membrane, by following parts by weight
Raw material composition:
60 parts of low density polyethylene (LDPE)
40 parts of polyethylene waste material
25 parts of polyethylene terephthalate
10 parts of polycarbonate
0.5 part of stearate
8 parts of polyoxyethylene octyl phenolic ether
2 parts of antioxidant 1010
1.5 parts of antioxidant CA
1 part of phosphite ester
1 part of sorbierite
5 parts of hydrochloric acid
5 parts of dioctyl phthalate.
The gradient of the culture medium is 5 °.The waterproof layer 2 is plastic film waterproof membrane.The filled layer 3 by rubble and
Haydite is laid with according to volume ratio 1:1 mixing.The partial size of the rubble and haydite is 1cm.The filled layer 3 with a thickness of
5cm.The loose type hypothallus 5 with a thickness of 5cm.The partial size of the loose type matrix is 3cm.The canvas layer is equipped with permeable
Air hole, the aperture in the water-permeable and air permeable hole are less than the partial size of the loose type matrix.
In the present embodiment, a kind of preparation method of loose type matrix, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: municipal sludge is carried out to build heap, first time high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out, fermentation time is 15 days, ventilation
Intensity is 25L/min.m3, obtain first time aerobic fermentation product；It is good that first time aerobic fermentation product is subjected to second of high temperature
Aerobe fermentation, air flux 28L/min.m3, Temperature fall is down to room temperature, obtains material I；
Step 2: material I is stacked 4 days, anaerobic fermentation is carried out until the temperature of material I is down to room temperature and obtains material II；
Step 3: material II and beer residue are added in material I, material I keeps the fermentation activity of municipal sludge, mixes
To material III, the parts by weight of material I are 32 parts, the parts by weight of material II are 36 parts, 35 parts of the parts by weight of beer residue, in mixing
0.05 part and 0.075 part of deodorizing microorganism of fermenting agent is sprayed, by main fermentation, the fermentation time of aerobic fermentation is 7 days,
Fermentation temperature initial temperature is 30 DEG C, air flux 35L/min.m3, then through it is secondary it is decomposed after stack to temperature and be down to room temperature,
Obtain loose type matrix.The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the loose type matrix is 28:1, moisture 65%.
The other technical characteristics of the present embodiment in the explanation with embodiment 1, are no longer explained herein.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: the waterproof layer 2 be plastic film waterproof membrane, by following parts by weight
Raw material composition:
55 parts of low density polyethylene (LDPE)
35 parts of polyethylene waste material
22 parts of polyethylene terephthalate
8 parts of polycarbonate
0.4 part of stearate
7.5 parts of polyoxyethylene octyl phenolic ether
1 part of antioxidant 1010
1.2 parts of antioxidant CA
0.8 part of phosphite ester
0.8 part of sorbierite
4 parts of hydrochloric acid
4.5 parts of dioctyl phthalate.
The gradient of the culture medium is 4 °.The waterproof layer 2 is plastic film waterproof membrane.The filled layer 3 by rubble and
Haydite is laid with according to volume ratio 1:2 mixing.The partial size of the rubble and haydite is 0.5cm.The filled layer 34cm.It is described
Loose type hypothallus 5 with a thickness of 4cm.The partial size of the loose type matrix is 2cm.The canvas layer is equipped with water-permeable and air permeable hole,
The aperture in the water-permeable and air permeable hole is less than the partial size of the loose type matrix.
In the present embodiment, a kind of preparation method of loose type matrix, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: municipal sludge is carried out to build heap, first time high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out, fermentation time is 13 days, ventilation
Intensity is 35L/min.m3, obtains first time aerobic fermentation product；It is good that first time aerobic fermentation product is subjected to second of high temperature
Aerobe fermentation, air flux 35L/min.m3, Temperature fall are down to room temperature, obtain material I；
Step 2: material I is stacked 4 days, anaerobic fermentation is carried out until the temperature of material I is down to room temperature and obtains material II.
Step 3: material II and mushroom slag are mixed in material I, material III is obtained, the parts by weight of material I are 32, material II
Parts by weight be 34,32 parts of the parts by weight of mushroom slag sprays 0.75 part of fermenting agent and 0.05 part of deodorizing microorganism, process in mixing
Main fermentation, the fermentation time of aerobic fermentation are 10 days, and fermentation temperature initial temperature is 325 DEG C, air flux 28L/
min.m3, then through it is secondary it is decomposed after stack and to temperature be down to room temperature, obtain loose type matrix.The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the loose type matrix
For 24:1, moisture 55%.
In the present embodiment, the municipal sludge is the sludge that food processing enterprises generate.
The other technical characteristics of the present embodiment in the explanation with embodiment 1, are no longer explained herein.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: the waterproof layer 2 be plastic film waterproof membrane, by following parts by weight
Raw material composition:
58 parts of low density polyethylene (LDPE)
32 parts of polyethylene waste material
24 parts of polyethylene terephthalate
6 parts of polycarbonate
0.4 part of stearate
8 parts of polyoxyethylene octyl phenolic ether
1.5 parts of antioxidant 1010
1.2 parts of antioxidant CA
0.8 part of phosphite ester
0.6 part of sorbierite
4.5 parts of hydrochloric acid
4.5 parts of dioctyl phthalate.
The gradient of the culture medium is 4 °.The waterproof layer 2 is plastic film waterproof membrane.The filled layer 3 is haydite.Institute
The partial size for stating haydite is 0.8cm.The filled layer 3 with a thickness of 4cm.The loose type hypothallus 5 with a thickness of 4cm.It is described
The partial size of loose type matrix is 2cm.The canvas layer is equipped with water-permeable and air permeable hole, and the aperture in the water-permeable and air permeable hole is less than described dredge
The partial size of easing matrix.
The other technical characteristics of the present embodiment in the explanation with embodiment 1, are no longer explained herein.
To use common rural area soil as comparative example, common rural area soil and of the invention is respectively adopted to Hipeastrum vittalum's bulb
Hydrophobic culture medium is cultivated, and is cultivated under the conditions of 18 DEG C into normal Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait plant.Observe the growth after Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait is bloomed five
Situation, the results are shown in Table 1:
Table 1
| Project | Averagely spend diameter/cm | Average flower very counts | Average flower endures height/cm |
| The present invention | 16.9 | 2.6 | 41.5 |
| Comparative example | 16.2 | 2.1 | 35.2 |
As can be seen from Table 1, averagely spend diameter, average flower very to count using the Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait of hydrophobic culture medium culture of the invention,
Average flower is very highly superior to reference examples.
The seedling of Hipeastrum vittalum's cuttage induction, after culture medium culture of the present invention, the Zhou Jing of average each bulb reaches in 2 years
15cm or more increases 13% or more than comparative example.
The hydrophobic culture medium of plant bulbs of the invention, hydrophobic effect is good, and gas permeability is strong, is especially suitable for the life of plant bulbs
It is long.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable implementation of the present invention, and in addition to this, the present invention can be realized with other way,
Do not depart under the premise of present inventive concept it is any obviously replace it is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of hydrophobic culture medium of plant bulbs, it is characterised in that: from bottom to top include basal layer, the surface of basal layer is laid with
Waterproof layer, the surface of waterproof layer are equipped with filled layer, and the filled layer is spread by mixing any one or two kinds of in rubble or haydite
If forming；The surface of filled layer is equipped with canvas layer, and the surface of canvas layer is equipped with loose type hypothallus, the longitudinal direction of the culture medium
Section is that intermediate high two sides are low；
The preparation method of the loose type matrix the following steps are included:
Step 1: municipal sludge is carried out first time high-temperature aerobic fermentation, first time aerobic fermentation product is obtained；It will be good for the first time
Aerobe fermentation product carries out second of high-temperature aerobic fermentation, obtains material I；
Step 2: material I is carried out to obtain material II after anaerobic fermentation；
Step 3: material II and food industry waste residue are mixed in material I, material III, material I, material II and food work are obtained
The parts by weight of industry waste residue are 32-36 parts, and 0.05-0.075 parts of fermenting agent and deodorizing microorganism 0.05- are sprayed in mixing
0.075 part, by main fermentation, secondary decomposed rear stack to temperature is down to room temperature, obtains loose type matrix.
2. the hydrophobic culture medium of a kind of plant bulbs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the gradient of the culture medium is
3-5°。
3. the hydrophobic culture medium of a kind of plant bulbs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the waterproof layer is that plastics are thin
Film waterproof membrane.
4. the hydrophobic culture medium of a kind of plant bulbs according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the plastic film waterproof membrane
It is made of the raw material of following parts by weight:
5. the hydrophobic culture medium of a kind of plant bulbs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the grain of the rubble or haydite
Diameter is 0.5-1cm.
6. the hydrophobic culture medium of a kind of plant bulbs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the filled layer with a thickness of
3-5cm。
7. the hydrophobic culture medium of a kind of plant bulbs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the loose type hypothallus
With a thickness of 3-5cm.
8. the hydrophobic culture medium of a kind of plant bulbs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the canvas layer is equipped with permeable
Air hole, the aperture in the water-permeable and air permeable hole are less than the partial size of the loose type matrix.
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