CN105123257A - Container seedling method for oil peony and seedling medium - Google Patents
Container seedling method for oil peony and seedling medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123257A CN105123257A CN201510705056.1A CN201510705056A CN105123257A CN 105123257 A CN105123257 A CN 105123257A CN 201510705056 A CN201510705056 A CN 201510705056A CN 105123257 A CN105123257 A CN 105123257A
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- oil
- tree peony
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
- A01G22/67—Dwarf trees, e.g. bonsai
Abstract
The invention discloses a container seedling method for oil peony and a seedling medium. The seedling method comprises the following steps: nursery land selection, seedbed fabrication, container selection, medium preparation, nursery stock selection, transplanting and bagging and container putting, and management after transplanting, wherein the seedling medium is prepared from the following components: peat, perlite, vermiculite and a microbial organic fertilizer at the volume ratio of (5-7) to 1 to 1 to (1-3). The root is not damaged during transplanting by the method disclosed by the invention; the survival rate of nursery stock is high; the nursery stock can be planted out of season, and is not limited by the growing season; and the nursery stock does not need to be greatly trimmed when transplanted, so that the effect of immediately forming the landscape can be achieved; and the nursery stock is regular, healthy, developed in root, intact in rootball, convenient to transport, carry and unload and the like. The light seedling medium disclosed by the invention has an obvious acceleration effect on growth of ground-underground biomass of the oil peony.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, use container seedling culture method and the Medium of Container Seedling thereof of tree peony in particular to a kind of oil.
Background technology
Oil is the exclusive initial species plant of China with tree peony (PaeoniasuffruticosaAndr.foroil), is the general designation of the kind of producing seed oil yield high (being more than or equal to 22%) in Paeoniaceae Paeonia sect. Moutan plant.In recent years along with the quick raising of economic development and living standards of the people, the demand of China to edible oil raises year by year, and domestic edible oil supply is obviously not enough, adds up according to related data, 60% of China's edible oil total amount depends on import, has exceeded international edible oil safe early warning line.The oil crop of China are mainly herbaceous plant, and land resources is limited, and the growth space of cultivated area and output is very little.Peony seed oil is as a kind of novel woody plant oil, detect through authoritative institution, its unsaturated fatty acid content is up to more than 92%, wherein alpha-linolenic acid is up to 42%, many index all exceedes by the universally acknowledged olive oil for " liquid golden ", be called as edible oil best in the world, and it has multinomial medical health care functions such as improving cardiovascular, pressure regulation lipopenicillinase, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, immunity moderation power.No matter oil as the woody oil crop of the distinctive ecology of China with tree peony, be from itself nutritive value or stand in the strategic concerns of the safe overall situation of national grain and oil, and it all has great Development volue and market prospects.
Along with country and the great attention of various places government and the appearance of relevant support policy, oil is fast-developing period with tree peony industry entry, it is also proposed requirements at the higher level to industry development scale and seedling quality.In industry development, nursery stock demand increases day by day, and often needs off-season cultivation, advocates complete crown and transplants, and requires to reach the effect of getting instant result.But, current production generally adopts sowing in the field technology seeding and seedling raising, September to the early November of next year carries out transplanting work, and that is oil can only be afforested in the fall with tree peony, spring in next year sprout growth, be not suitable for conventional spring or Raining season wooding, transplant seasonality very by force, transplant too early mistake and all cannot survive evening, and need be completely cured and pruning modes to nursery stock when transplanting, easily hinder root, cause root/shoot ratio unbalance, cause plant percent low.Breaking the restriction of oil tree peony plantation by seasonal effect, is greatly develop the key point of oil by tree peony industry.But, at present except oil use tree peony is all being greatly developed in the whole nation major part region of oil except tree peony main producing region, the weather soil condition etc. of non-main producing region has very large difference with main producing region, especially the links how carrying out oil peony container seedling growing process in southern damp-heat area seems most important, add the physilogical characteristics that oil uses tree peony special, root system is fleshy root and main root is long especially, be not suitable for conventional container culturing technology and matrix formulations, therefore cause planting the Container nursery technique that is not subject to seasonal restrictions always not for oil with tree peony, this hinders oil further developing by tree peony industry to a great extent.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of oil Peony Growing Technology, and the technological difficulties that oil exists with peony container nursery, the present inventor is studied by lot of experiments the technical conditions of oil peony container nursery and parameter and explores, finally obtain that a kind of nutrition supply is sufficient, fertilizer efficiency long, nursery stock not easy damaged, nursery stock little moisture loss, contribute to that nursery stock grows fast, Quality of Seedlings is high and the container seedling culture method of oil with tree peony of transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks can be ensured.The method has without transplanting seedling-slowing stage, well developed root system, nursery stock root ball is complete, transplanting survival rate is high, the neat stalwartness of nursery stock, nursery stock transplanting are not subject to seasonal restrictions, send out the plurality of advantages such as seedling is fast, convenient transportation.
In order to realize object of the present invention, inventor specifically provides following technical scheme:
The oil container seedling culture method of tree peony, comprising garden select, seedbed makes, container is selected, substrate preparation, selection of seedling, plant seedlings upper bag and container are put, transplanted rear management, concrete steps are as follows:
1) ground, garden is selected:
Choose that plot gesture is smooth, draining is good, have irrigation conditions, convenient transportation and the soil being convenient to manage be as container nursery ground;
2) seedbed makes:
To selected Seedlings nursery carry out weeding, the bedding ditching of turning over, be beneficial to draining; Furrow face soil layer is laid the river sand of one deck 5-8cm thickness, while increasing ground, garden water penetration, prevents ground, rainy day garden wet and slippery muddy and have an impact to production management; Re-lay one deck black gardening ground cloth above river sand, gardening ground cloth can stop container root system of plant to stretch into ground, effectively prevents the growth of ground weeds and the propagation of soil damage by disease and insect, for the healthy growth of container plant provides safeguard; In addition, be convenient to putting and carrying of container for plant growth after laying ground cloth, beautified production environment simultaneously, made production management more simple and easy to do;
3) container is selected:
Select pot for growing seedlings porose bottom black polyethylene film as container for plant growth, bore 10cm under container diameter, upper bore 14.5Cm, height 18cm; Pot for growing seedlings long service life porose bottom black polyethylene film, not cracky, dress basin is effectively light, and plant transplantation is convenient, and container height is equivalent to 1.8 times of footpath, the end with greetings, and test finds that the container for plant growth of this shape contributes to the growth of oil with tree peony;
4) substrate preparation:
Matrix components is made up of peat, perlite, vermiculite and microbial organic fertilizer (chicken manure that microbial organic fertilizer preferably becomes thoroughly decomposed), (5-7): 1:1:(1-3 by volume) proportions matrix, sieve after mixing thoroughly, by soil block, foreign material removing, sterilize with carbendazim after being exposed to the sun under the sun; This growing nursery and culture matrix has good fertility and water binding capacity, and water penetration is strong, alleviates the gross weight of container simultaneously, is conducive to growth and the transport of nursery stock, removes and unload; In matrix, the use of vermiculite adds the soil moisture conservation of matrix, and the leaching decreasing soluble nutrient to a certain extent runs off, and improves water and fertilizer utilization, uses perlite to have again the effect improving the penetrating situation of matrix simultaneously;
5) selection of seedling:
Selected nursery stock is annual oil tree peony seedling, mid-September-after propagation nursery lifting, select that main root is sturdy, the oil tree peony seedling of well developed root system, major branch stalwartness early November, after spreading for cooling, appropriate pruning is carried out to root, and then disinfection prepares basin;
6) plant seedlings upper bag and container is put:
When the matrix prepared is loaded into 1/3 place of container height, nursery stock transplanting is entered in container, continue filling matrix extremely from container upper limb 0.5cm-1cm place, nursery stock will be protected during dress matrix, after transplanted seedling tree is good, container is neatly put Seedlings nursery on the ground, be close between container and container, upper opening of container wants unanimously smooth, every 5 row interval 0.5m, are conducive to ventilated, on the other hand convenient bookkeeping in the future on the one hand, water a water after transplanted seedling tree is good, make soil and root close contact;
7) management after transplanting:
1. illumination management: after nursery stock transplanting enters container, puts neat, shelters from heat or light with sunshade net;
2. water management: water sufficient normal root water after transplanting, the later stage irrigates when matrix is dry, does not do and does not water, water, irrigate; In nursery stage, Controlled irrigation amount and number of times, in order to avoid excess moisture causes disease or random root;
3. weeding: carry out artificial weeding when matrix is moistening, grass is rooted out;
4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: container seedling survives latter every 20-30 days and sprays with thiophanate methyl or carbendazim, and both are used alternatingly, control is avoided developing immunity to drugs while there is damage by disease and insect.
Step 2) described in bedding and step of ditching, the wherein wide 1.1-1.3m of furrow, ditch depth 28-32cm; Step 2) rugosity of river sand that adopts is 0.2mm-0.5mm.
Preferably, the oil container seedling culture method of tree peony described above, wherein step 4) in the peat that adopts be northeast peat, the particle diameter of the vermiculite adopted is 2-4mm, the perlite particle diameter adopted is 5-7mm, and the microbial organic fertilizer adopted is Chicken dung.
Preferably, the as mentioned above oil container seedling culture method of tree peony, wherein step 5) in be the long 1/6-1/5 of main root to the pruning length of root, and old complaint and being completely cured to be cut.
Preferably, the as mentioned above oil container seedling culture method of tree peony, wherein step 5) in be 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid to oil with tree peony seedling root system disinfectant used of sterilizing before upper basin, disinfecting time is 3 minutes to 5 minutes.
Preferably, the as mentioned above oil container seedling culture method of tree peony, wherein step 6) in the matrix for preparing load container before matrix is carried out moistening, controlling its water content should between 10% ~ 15%.
Preferably, the oil described above container seedling culture method of tree peony, wherein step 7) in the shading rate of nursery sunshade net used be 70-80%, sunshade net can be raised according to actual conditions in March November to next year, within first 10 days after firm transplanting, keep ground moistening, water according to actual conditions after 10 days, do not do and do not water, water, irrigate; Step 7) in extermination of disease and insect pest thiophanate methyl used be 50% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, 800 times of liquid, carbendazim used is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid.
Further preferably, the oil container seedling culture method of tree peony as mentioned above, oil is wherein the red tree peony P.ostiivar.lishizheniiA.B.Shen of phoenix with tree peony.
In addition, present invention also offers and a kind ofly prepare simple, quality controllable oil peony container Light medium formula, this container nursery Light media has obvious facilitation to the oil ground of tree peony, the growth of underground biomass.Particularly, the oil Medium of Container Seedling of tree peony of the present invention, its composition by peat, perlite, vermiculite and microbial organic fertilizer by (5-7): 1:1:(1-3) volume ratio form.Study discovery further, described microbial organic fertilizer is preferably Chicken dung.
Compared with prior art, the oil that the present invention relates to container seedling culture method of tree peony and matrix formulations tool have the following advantages and progressive:
(1) effectively make use of land resources.Oil due to physiological property itself, is good with sandy loam plantation with tree peony, in the present invention, oil is with tree peony by container nursery, not by the impact of soil property, can utilize the soil planted unfavourably, and available protecting land resources, has good social benefit.
(2) matrix formulations of optimum oil peony container nursery has been filtered out.Inventive container nursery matrix components proportioning used is V (peat): V (perlite): V (vermiculite): V (microbial organic fertilizer)=(5-7): 1:1:(1-3), seedling growth can be impelled rapid, neat, healthy and strong, shorten growing-seedling period, improve planting survival rate; Meanwhile, matrix formulations of the present invention is simple, reasonable, steady quality, draws materials conveniently, has the advantage of super quality and competitive price.
(3) innovation selected by container.That the Container nursery technique of general plant adopts is diameter 10-11cm, high 10-12cm diameter with highly quite or diameter be greater than the container of height as container for plant growth, and the present invention adopts the container of footpath, end 10cm, height 18cm and bore 14.5cm through experimental exploration, namely highly obviously be greater than the dark root type container of diameter as container for plant growth, this structural design has growth-promoting effect to oil tree peony seedling.
(4) improve the year increment of oil with tree peony.Adopt seedling-cultivating method of the present invention and matrix formulations, for oil establishes brand-new cultivation system with tree peony, increased substantially the oily year increment with tree peony, plants seedling with ground and to fill a prescription with other and compare, biomass improves 0.5-1 times.
(5) nursery stock transplanting seedling-slowing stage is substantially reduced.There is seedling-slowing stage in tradition nursery stock transplanting method, some reaches 1 year, and inventive container nursery cultivation oil does not have seedling-slowing stage with tree peony seedling, substantially increases afforestation efficiency.
(6) formulation media is obviously lighter than soil, belongs to light ground mass.Inventive container seedling medium is compared with the soil of same volume, and weight is only equivalent to 43% of soil, belongs to light ground mass, convenient transport.
(7) improve survival rate.The survival rate of common transplanting method is 80%-90%, and can only transplant in the fall, and container nursery of the present invention is not subject to seasonal restrictions, and can annually transplant, autumn, transplanting survival rate can reach more than 99%.
(8) pest control method innovation.Adopt thiophanate methyl and carbendazim to be used alternatingly, avoid and develop immunity to drugs, and in case be first.
In a word, the present invention is selected by oil ground, tree peony garden, seedbed makes, container selects, substrate preparation, selection of seedling, the upper bag that plants seedlings with container is put, plant is planted, transplant the technical measures such as rear management, have without transplanting seedling-slowing stage, well developed root system, nursery stock root ball be complete, transplanting survival rate is high, neat healthy and strong, the seedling of nursery stock soon, the plurality of advantages such as convenient transportation.In addition, oil peony container Light medium formula of the present invention has obvious facilitation to the oil ground of tree peony, the growth of underground biomass, transplanting survival rate is up to more than 99%, and transplant after container nursery finished product and can not be subject to seasonal restrictions plantation, be conducive to oil developing by tree peony industry, there is wide market application foreground.
Embodiment
Following examples further describe implementation process and the beneficial effect of the inventive method, embodiment is only for the object of illustration, do not limit the scope of the invention, the apparent change that those of ordinary skill in the art make according to the present invention is simultaneously also contained within the scope of the invention.In addition, reagent of the present invention, wherein:
The chemical composition of carbendazim is 2-benzimidazole ylcarbamic acid methyl ester, and be the efficient systemic fungicide of a kind of broad spectrum type low toxicity, used in the present invention is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, is configured to high concentration mother liquor during use, is 200 times of liquid.Concrete compound method: take 1g carbendazim, be settled to 200ml with clear water, can use.
The chemical composition of thiophanate methyl is 1,2-bis-(3-carbometoxyl-2-ghiourea group) benzene, inhale low toxicity bactericide in a kind of broad spectrum activity, there is interior suction, preventive and therapeutic action, used in the present invention is 50% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, be configured to high concentration mother liquor during use, be 200 times of liquid.Concrete compound method: take 1g thiophanate methyl, be settled to 200ml with clear water, can use.
Embodiment 1
On September 17th, 2013, select red tree peony (P.ostiivar.lishizheniiA.B.Shen) the seedling digging of the annual phoenix of major branch stalwartness, for keeping trees moisture after digging, water spray need be carried out and to shelter from heat or light process.After above-mentioned process, be transported to corresponding location, adopt the inventive method to cultivate.Concrete grammar is as follows:
1) ground, garden is selected:
Choose that plot gesture is smooth, draining is good, convenient transportation, have water source or irrigation conditions, the soil being convenient to manage as container nursery ground.
2) seedbed makes:
To selected Seedlings nursery carry out weeding, the bedding ditching of turning over, the wide 1.2m of furrow, ditch depth 30cm, is beneficial to draining.Furrow face soil layer is laid the river sand of one deck 6cm thickness, and the rugosity of river sand is 0.2mm-0.5mm, re-lays one deck black gardening ground cloth above river sand.
3) container is selected:
Select pot for growing seedlings porose bottom black polyethylene film as container for plant growth.Bore 10cm under container diameter, upper bore 14.5Cm, height 18cm.Pot for growing seedlings long service life porose bottom black polyethylene film, not cracky, dress basin is effectively light, and plant transplantation is convenient.
4) substrate preparation:
Matrix components is northeast peat, perlite (particle diameter 5-7mm), vermiculite (particle diameter 2-4mm) and the chicken manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the proportions matrix of 7:1:1:1 by volume, sieve after mixing thoroughly, by soil block, foreign material removing, sterilize with carbendazim after being exposed to the sun under the sun.
5) selection of seedling:
Selected nursery stock is annual oil tree peony seedling, after propagation nursery lifting, selected September 17 that main root is sturdy, the oil tree peony seedling of well developed root system, major branch stalwartness, after slightly doing spreading for cooling, appropriate pruning is carried out to root, prune the 1/6-1/5 that length is main root length, old complaint is cut with being completely cured, and disinfection, disinfectant used is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid, disinfecting time is 3 minutes to 5 minutes, then prepares upper basin.
6) plant seedlings upper bag and container is put:
(before loading container, matrix is carried out moistening when the matrix prepared being loaded into 1/3 place of container height; controlling its water content should between 10% ~ 15%); nursery stock transplanting is entered in container; continue filling matrix to from container upper limb 0.5cm-1cm place, during dress matrix, will nursery stock be protected.After transplanted seedling tree is good, container is neatly put Seedlings nursery on the ground, be close between container and container, upper opening of container wants unanimously smooth, and every 5 row interval 0.5m, are conducive to ventilated, on the other hand convenient bookkeeping in the future on the one hand.Water a water after transplanted seedling tree is good, make soil and root close contact.
7) management after transplanting:
1. illumination management:
After nursery stock transplanting enters container, put neat, shelter from heat or light with sunshade net, the shading rate of sunshade net is 70-80%, can raise sunshade net in March November to next year according to actual conditions;
2. water management: water sufficient normal root water after transplanting, the later stage irrigates when matrix drying, is generally that first 10 days after just transplanting keep ground moistenings, waters after 10 days according to actual conditions, do not do and do not water, water, irrigate; In nursery stage, Controlled irrigation amount and number of times, in order to avoid excess moisture causes disease or random root;
3. weeding: carry out artificial weeding when matrix is moistening, grass is rooted out;
4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: container seedling survives latter every 20-30 days and sprays with thiophanate methyl or carbendazim, both are used alternatingly, control occurs to avoid developing immunity to drugs while damage by disease and insect occurs, thiophanate methyl used is 50% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, 800 times of liquid, and carbendazim used is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid.
Embodiment 2
On October 9th, 2013, select red tree peony (P.ostiivar.lishizheniiA.B.Shen) the seedling digging of the annual phoenix of major branch stalwartness, for keeping trees moisture after digging, water spray need be carried out and to shelter from heat or light process.After above-mentioned process, be transported to corresponding location, adopt the inventive method to cultivate.Concrete grammar is as follows:
1) ground, garden is selected:
Choose that plot gesture is smooth, draining is good, convenient transportation, have water source or irrigation conditions, the soil being convenient to manage as container nursery ground.
2) seedbed makes:
To selected Seedlings nursery carry out weeding, the bedding ditching of turning over, the wide 1.2m of furrow, ditch depth 32cm, is beneficial to draining.Furrow face soil layer is laid the river sand of one deck 6cm thickness, and the rugosity of river sand is 0.2mm-0.5mm, re-lays one deck black gardening ground cloth above river sand.
3) container is selected:
Select pot for growing seedlings porose bottom black polyethylene film as container for plant growth.Bore 10cm under container diameter, upper bore 14.5Cm, height 18cm.Pot for growing seedlings long service life porose bottom black polyethylene film, not cracky, dress basin is effectively light, and plant transplantation is convenient.
4) substrate preparation:
Matrix components is northeast peat, perlite (particle diameter 5-7mm), vermiculite (particle diameter 2-4mm) and the chicken manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the proportions matrix of 6:1:1:2 by volume, sieve after mixing thoroughly, by soil block, foreign material removing, sterilize with carbendazim after being exposed to the sun under the sun.
5) selection of seedling:
Selected nursery stock is annual oil tree peony seedling, after propagation nursery lifting, selected October 9 that main root is sturdy, the oil tree peony seedling of well developed root system, major branch stalwartness, after slightly doing spreading for cooling, appropriate pruning is carried out to root, prune the 1/6-1/5 that length is main root length, old complaint is cut with being completely cured, and disinfection, disinfectant used is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid, disinfecting time is 3 minutes to 5 minutes, then prepares upper basin.
6) plant seedlings upper bag and container is put:
(before loading container, matrix is carried out moistening when the matrix prepared being loaded into 1/3 place of container height; controlling its water content should between 10% ~ 15%); nursery stock transplanting is entered in container; continue filling matrix to from container upper limb 0.5cm-1cm place, during dress matrix, will nursery stock be protected.After transplanted seedling tree is good, container is neatly put Seedlings nursery on the ground, be close between container and container, upper opening of container wants unanimously smooth, and every 5 row interval 0.5m, are conducive to ventilated, on the other hand convenient bookkeeping in the future on the one hand.Water a water after transplanted seedling tree is good, make soil and root close contact.
7) management after transplanting:
1. illumination management:
After nursery stock transplanting enters container, put neat, shelter from heat or light with sunshade net, the shading rate of sunshade net is 70-80%, can raise sunshade net in March November to next year according to actual conditions;
2. water management: water sufficient normal root water after transplanting, the later stage irrigates when matrix drying, is generally that first 10 days after just transplanting keep ground moistenings, waters after 10 days according to actual conditions, do not do and do not water, water, irrigate; In nursery stage, Controlled irrigation amount and number of times, in order to avoid excess moisture causes disease or random root;
3. weeding: carry out artificial weeding when matrix is moistening, grass is rooted out;
4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: container seedling survives latter every 20-30 days and sprays with thiophanate methyl or carbendazim, both are used alternatingly, control occurs to avoid developing immunity to drugs while damage by disease and insect occurs, thiophanate methyl used is 50% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, 800 times of liquid, and carbendazim used is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid.
Embodiment 3
On November 3rd, 2013, select red tree peony (P.ostiivar.lishizheniiA.B.Shen) the seedling digging of the annual phoenix of major branch stalwartness, for keeping trees moisture after digging, water spray need be carried out and to shelter from heat or light process.After above-mentioned process, be transported to corresponding location, adopt the inventive method to cultivate.Concrete grammar is as follows:
1) ground, garden is selected:
Choose that plot gesture is smooth, draining is good, convenient transportation, have water source or irrigation conditions, the soil being convenient to manage as container nursery ground.
2) seedbed makes:
To selected Seedlings nursery carry out weeding, the bedding ditching of turning over, the wide 1.2m of furrow, ditch depth 30cm, is beneficial to draining.Furrow face soil layer is laid the river sand of one deck 6cm thickness, and the rugosity of river sand is 0.2mm-0.5mm, re-lays one deck black gardening ground cloth above river sand.
3) container is selected:
Select pot for growing seedlings porose bottom black polyethylene film as container for plant growth.Bore 10cm under container diameter, upper bore 14.5Cm, height 18cm.Pot for growing seedlings long service life porose bottom black polyethylene film, not cracky, dress basin is effectively light, and plant transplantation is convenient.
4) substrate preparation:
Matrix components is northeast peat, perlite (particle diameter 5-7mm), vermiculite (particle diameter 2-4mm) and the chicken manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the proportions matrix of 5:1:1:3 by volume, sieve after mixing thoroughly, by soil block, foreign material removing, sterilize with carbendazim after being exposed to the sun under the sun.
5) selection of seedling:
Selected nursery stock is annual oil tree peony seedling, after propagation nursery lifting, selected November 3 that main root is sturdy, the oil tree peony seedling of well developed root system, major branch stalwartness, after slightly doing spreading for cooling, appropriate pruning is carried out to root, prune the 1/6-1/5 that length is main root length, old complaint is cut with being completely cured, and disinfection, disinfectant used is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid, disinfecting time is 3 minutes to 5 minutes, then prepares upper basin.
6) plant seedlings upper bag and container is put:
(before loading container, matrix is carried out moistening when the matrix prepared being loaded into 1/3 place of container height; controlling its water content should between 10% ~ 15%); nursery stock transplanting is entered in container; continue filling matrix to from container upper limb 0.5cm-1cm place, during dress matrix, will nursery stock be protected.After transplanted seedling tree is good, container is neatly put Seedlings nursery on the ground, be close between container and container, upper opening of container wants unanimously smooth, and every 5 row interval 0.5m, are conducive to ventilated, on the other hand convenient bookkeeping in the future on the one hand.Water a water after transplanted seedling tree is good, make soil and root close contact.
7) management after transplanting:
1. illumination management:
After nursery stock transplanting enters container, put neat, shelter from heat or light with sunshade net, the shading rate of sunshade net is 70-80%, can raise sunshade net in March November to next year according to actual conditions;
2. water management: water sufficient normal root water after transplanting, the later stage irrigates when matrix drying, is generally that first 10 days after just transplanting keep ground moistenings, waters after 10 days according to actual conditions, do not do and do not water, water, irrigate; In nursery stage, Controlled irrigation amount and number of times, in order to avoid excess moisture causes disease or random root;
3. weeding: carry out artificial weeding when matrix is moistening, grass is rooted out;
4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: container seedling survives latter every 20-30 days and sprays with thiophanate methyl or carbendazim, both are used alternatingly, control occurs to avoid developing immunity to drugs while damage by disease and insect occurs, thiophanate methyl used is 50% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, 800 times of liquid, and carbendazim used is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid.
Also it should be noted that, above-described embodiment is a part of embodiment, and all the other matrix formulations all can by point value each in described interval value, mixture becomes a series of matrix one by one, the method is that inventor draws inferences about other cases from one instance and implements, and for simplicity's sake, enumerates each embodiment no longer one by one.Below in conjunction with corresponding test data, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 4 substrate composition is tested
With red tree peony (P.ostiivar.lishizheniiA.B.Shen) seedling of phoenix for material, according to the operating procedure of embodiment 1, the test of oil peony container seedling medium different formulations is set, adopts randomized complete-block design, repeat for 3 times, 60 strain communities.Substrate composition test arranges 8 process, tests each process concrete condition in table 1.
The matrix formulations of process respectively tested by table 1
| Process | Matrix formulations (volume ratio) |
| A1 | V (peat): V (perlite): V (vermiculite): V (Chicken dung)=7:1:1:1 |
| A2 | V (peat): V (perlite): V (vermiculite): V (Chicken dung)=6:1:1:2 |
| A3 | V (peat): V (perlite): V (vermiculite): V (Chicken dung)=5:1:1:3 |
| A4 | V (peat): V (perlite) :=7:3 |
| A5 | V (garden mould): V (river sand)=7:3 |
| A6 | V (garden mould): V (river sand): V (Chicken dung)=7:2:1 |
| A7 | V (garden mould): V (river sand): V (Chicken dung)=6:2:2 |
| A8 | V (garden mould): V (river sand): V (Chicken dung)=5:2:3 |
Result of the test is in table 2:
The impact that each matrix formulations of table 2 grows oil peony container seedling
Can find out from result of the test, adopt the substrate composition in the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 to carry out the nursery of oil peony container, the biomass of container seedling is apparently higher than other proportionings, and robust plant, well developed root system, root ball are complete.
Embodiment 5: transplant comparative trial
Container seedling (embodiment 1) growth after 1 year (i.e. 2 years raw container seedlings) and 2 years oil generation with tree peony plant seedling and carry out Various Seasonal Transplanting Test, each season is 1 process, each process 30 young plant, repeat for 3 times, test statistics the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 container seedling is planted seedling different time transplanting survival rate with ground and contrasts
As can be seen from the test results, oil is planted transplantation of seedlings with tree peony ground and is subject to seasonal restrictions comparatively large, and can only transplant in the fall and just can ensure survival rate, and container seedling transplanting is subject to seasonal restrictions hardly, transplanting survival rate reaches more than 90%, is conducive to promoting industry development.
Embodiment 6: different size container comparative trial
According to the operating procedure of embodiment 1, arrange oil peony container nursery different size chamber test, facility 6 containers size are 5 process, often process 30 basins, repeat for 3 times.Test processes and the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 different vessels specification is on the impact of container seedling growth
| Containers size (H*D)/cm | Average height of seedling/cm | Average leading thread/mm | Total solids |
| 10*6 | 20.96 | 0.27 | 6.31 |
| 10*10 | 22.13 | 0.42 | 8.53 |
| 10*14 | 21.96 | 0.49 | 10.27 |
| 10*18 | 29.87 | 0.96 | 14.01 |
| 10*22 | 24.39 | 0.63 | 9.62 |
Can find out from result of the test, adopt the substrate composition of example 1 to carry out the container nursery of oil tree peony different size, the biomass of the container higher container seedling of container height is within the specific limits also higher, and robust plant, well developed root system.
Claims (10)
1. the oil container seedling culture method of tree peony, select with comprising garden, seedbed makes, container is selected, substrate preparation, selection of seedling, plant seedlings upper bag and container put, transplant rear management, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
1) ground, garden is selected:
Choose that plot gesture is smooth, draining is good, have irrigation conditions, convenient transportation and the soil being convenient to manage be as container nursery ground;
2) seedbed makes:
To selected Seedlings nursery carry out weeding, the bedding ditching of turning over, be beneficial to draining; Furrow face soil layer is laid the river sand of one deck 5-8cm thickness, above river sand, re-lays one deck black gardening ground cloth;
3) container is selected:
Select pot for growing seedlings porose bottom black polyethylene film as container for plant growth, bore 10cm under container diameter, upper bore 14.5Cm, height 18cm;
4) substrate preparation:
Matrix components is made up of peat, perlite, vermiculite and microbial organic fertilizer, (5-7): 1:1:(1-3 by volume) proportions matrix, sieve after mixing thoroughly, by soil block, foreign material removing, sterilize with carbendazim after being exposed to the sun under the sun;
5) selection of seedling:
Selected nursery stock is annual oil tree peony seedling, mid-September-after propagation nursery lifting, select that main root is sturdy, the oil tree peony seedling of well developed root system, major branch stalwartness early November, after slightly doing spreading for cooling, root is pruned, and then disinfection prepares basin;
6) plant seedlings upper bag and container is put:
When the matrix prepared is loaded into 1/3 place of container height, nursery stock transplanting is entered in container, continue filling matrix to from container upper limb 0.5cm-1cm place, then water a water, make soil and root close contact;
7) management after transplanting:
1. illumination management: after nursery stock transplanting enters container, puts neat, shelters from heat or light with sunshade net;
2. water management: water sufficient normal root water after transplanting, the later stage irrigates when matrix is dry, does not do and does not water, water, irrigate;
3. weeding: carry out artificial weeding when matrix is moistening;
4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: container seedling survives latter every 20-30 days and sprays with thiophanate methyl or carbendazim, and both are used alternatingly.
2. the oil container seedling culture method of tree peony according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) described in bedding and step of ditching, the wherein wide 1.1-1.3m of furrow, ditch depth 28-32cm; Step 2) rugosity of river sand that adopts is 0.2mm-0.5mm.
3. the oil container seedling culture method of tree peony according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 4) in the peat that adopts be northeast peat, the particle diameter of the vermiculite adopted is 2-4mm, the perlite particle diameter adopted is 5-7mm, and the microbial organic fertilizer adopted is Chicken dung.
4. the oil container seedling culture method of tree peony according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 5) in be the long 1/6-1/5 of main root to the pruning length of root, and old complaint and being completely cured to be cut.
5. the oil container seedling culture method of tree peony according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 5) in be 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid to oil tree peony seedling root system disinfectant used of sterilizing before upper basin, disinfecting time is 3 minutes to 5 minutes.
6. the oil container seedling culture method of tree peony according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 6) in the matrix for preparing load container before matrix is carried out moistening, controlling its water content should between 10% ~ 15%.
7. the oil container seedling culture method of tree peony according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 7) in the shading rate of nursery sunshade net used be 70-80%, sunshade net can be raised according to actual conditions in March November to next year, within first 10 days after firm transplanting, keep ground moistening, water according to actual conditions after 10 days, do not do and do not water, water, irrigate; Step 7) in extermination of disease and insect pest thiophanate methyl used be 50% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, 800 times of liquid, carbendazim used is 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid.
8. the oil container seedling culture method of tree peony according to any one of claim 1-7, is characterized in that, described oil is the red tree peony P.ostiivar.lishizheniiA.B.Shen of phoenix with tree peony.
9. the oil Medium of Container Seedling of tree peony, is characterized in that, the composition of described matrix by peat, perlite, vermiculite and microbial organic fertilizer by (5-7): 1:1:(1-3) volume ratio form.
10. the oil Medium of Container Seedling of tree peony according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described microbial organic fertilizer is Chicken dung.
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