CN104920049A

CN104920049A - Method for cultivating seedlings of oil peonies

Info

Publication number: CN104920049A
Application number: CN201510381358.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 伍天保
Original assignee: Tongling Fengwei Agriculture Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tongling Fengwei Agriculture Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-06-30
Filing date: 2015-06-30
Publication date: 2015-09-23

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for cultivating seedlings of oil peonies, and belongs to the field of agricultural seedling cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a nursery; performing weeding in advance; performing deep ploughing and tedding; performing soil preparation and making furrow ridges; harvesting seeds; processing the harvested seeds; sorting the processed seeds; processing the sorted seeds before cultivation; sowing the processed seeds; managing seedlings; managing nursery stocks. The characteristics of soil are changed by the method of combining farm manure with a chemical fertilizer. The seeds for sowing are harvested at the best harvesting time; the seeds to be cultivated are processed by gibberellin, ethyl alcohol, sodium p(dimethylamino) benzenediazo sulfonate solution, carbendazim and plant ash, and a culture solution is generated during the cultivation of onions, so that the seed dormancy is broken, the germinating time is advanced, and the germination rate is increased. Diseases are prevented during cultivation, and different medicaments are sprayed in different seasons so as to prevent diseases, so that the seedling survival percent is increased. After being cultivated by the method disclosed by the invention, the nursery stocks are thick in plants, the seedling survival percent is high, the quality is greatly improved, after the nursery stocks are planted, the seed setting rate is high, and the nursery stocks cultivated by the method disclosed by the invention are good varieties for the oil peonies.

Description

A kind of oil red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of seedling-cultivating method, particularly relate to a kind of oil red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix.

Background technology

Oil is a kind of shrub plant with tree peony.Be distributed in Shandong Province of China province Heze, Luoyang, Henan Province, Mount Taibai, Shaanxi Province one be with, Fuping, Shaanxi Province, Anhui Province's Bozhou City, Feng huangshan Mountain, Tongling, Gansu Province and Xiangxi etc.Only there are Feng Dan and purple plague purpura two kinds for the oil in commodity production with tree peony now.

Oil is a kind of emerging woody oleiferous plants crop with tree peony, possesses the feature of outstanding " three high and one low ": (raw per mu yield in 5 years can reach 300 kilograms in high production, mu comprehensive benefit can reach ten thousand yuan), (oil tree peony drought-enduring impoverishment tolerant, is applicable to green barren hill afforestation, underwood planting for high oil content (seed oil content 22%), high-quality (unsaturated fatty acid content 92%), low cost; Within 1 year, kind a century is received, and cost is low).

The oil mainly ground such as paeonia szechuanica Fang garden, Distributions in Liaocheng of Shandong Province, Tongling, Anhui Province in Heze City, Shandong Province, Shaanxi Province, Gansu, the cultivation of tree peony ground is main distributed points with Heze, Lanzhou, Dingxi.Oil is drought-resistant, barren-resistant, resistance to high and cold with tree peony.The red tree peony of phoenix that Tongling, Anhui Province Feng huangshan Mountain one is with does not rain and does not have drought dead for 8 months; Peony seeds benevolence is raw material, and through the golden transparent oily liquids of techniques such as squeezing, refining, unsaturated fatty acid content is up to more than 92%, and wherein α ~ linolenic acid accounts for 42%, and many index exceedes the olive oil being called as " liquid golden ".Be called as " edible oil best in the world! "

Tongling plantation " Feng Dan " tree peony has the history of 1600, to sell the root bark of tree peony.Tongling tree peony is mainly planted in new bridge town and Jin Lang township, wherein the phoenix of In Fenghuangshan Area, new bridge town, tree peony, Tao Feng tri-villages, and it is best that the root bark of tree peony produced due to the soil of uniqueness, weather conditions is proved drug effect by successive dynasties medicine practice.The nursery pattern in the soil of its uniqueness, weather conditions other areas inapplicable, because vegetative propagation can keep maternal plant merit substantially constant, the breeding of ornamental peonies mainly adopts vegetative propagation, the breeding of tree peony of the method inapplicable oil.What existing oil was mainly studied with tree peony breeding method is about the culture technique of oil with tree peony, seldom study about the seedling-cultivating method of oil with tree peony, patent of invention " a kind of oil breeding method of tree peony " as Authorization Notice No. CN103621277B discloses peony plant cultivation method, not on the books with the seedling-cultivating method of tree peony about oil.Existing oil mainly adopts traditional root bark of tree peony seedling-cultivating method with the seedling-cultivating method of tree peony, but root bark of tree peony seedling-cultivating method is between nursery stage, for ensureing root bark of tree peony output, use the multiple technologies means such as growth promoter, root-inducing powder, number of chemical fertilizer to promote its root development, this method easily causes Paeonia suffruticosa seed Setting percentage very low; Although when oil is with tree peony nursery, eliminate the step such as hormone, fertilizer of adding and promoting root growth, but it easily causes growth of seedling oligotrophy between nursery stage, seedling growth is slow, and Setting percentage promotes DeGrain, and this method Breeding Model is simple, extensive, and the seed germination time is long, emergence rate is not high, is only 65% ~ 80%.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the deficiency that prior art exists, provide a kind of oil red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, concrete technical scheme is as follows:

A kind of oil red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, comprises the following steps:

Step S1, ground, garden are selected:

Select soil layer deep fertile, be easy to the soil that sandy loam that draining can preserve soil moisture again is used as ground, garden, the physical clay content of soil is lower than 13%, and physical grains of sand content higher than 58%, and regulates the pH of soil to be 6.5 ~ 7.5;

Step S2, weeding in advance:

Ground, garden is selected in three months prior to seeding, the plot more to wherein weeds, in the friendship in autumn in summer, with spraying herbicide with manually plough deeply associated methods and remove before grass-seed is not yet ripe;

Step S3, deep ploughing ted:

One month earlier select fine day that garden is carried out to deep ploughing and tedded, the degree of depth of turning over is 20 ~ 30cm, is turning over the last week, applies to garden base fertilizer and bactericide, then tans by the sun 5 ~ 7 days;

Step S4, the bedding of whole ground:

Base fertilizer imposed on soil after one week, and plough leveling after rake 5 ~ 6 times in length and breadth, make high furrow, the wide 1.2 ~ 2.0m of furrow, camber is done in furrow face; Begin to rehearse between furrow ditch, draining furrow width 0.6m, dark 0.6m, the underfill brickbat in drain ditch or rubble;

Step S5, seed collection:

The red maternal plant of the phoenix selecting life in 5 years above gathers seed and is used as strong seedling cultivation, and the optimal harvest time of seed is pollinated latter 118 ~ 132 days peony, Zhong Cong Follicle radish fruit pericarp crab oil look, ftracture to pericarp when not ftractureing, expose seed, seed coat brown is to dark brown, and the thousand grain weigth of gathering is 196 ~ 204g;

Step S6, postharvest handling:

Fruit under adopting is deposited on shady and cool ventilation, the coarse cement flooring of not easily getting damp, stack fruit real-time thickness and be no more than 10 ~ 20cm, stir 2 ~ 3 times, after 10 ~ 15 days every day simultaneously, in shell, seed generally changes black into by yellowish-brown, now pericarp ftractures voluntarily, and seed is deviate from, after shelling, the stacking thickness of seed is no more than 10cm, stir 1 ~ 2 every day, add forced ventilation simultaneously, prevent from going mouldy and tanning by the sun;

Step S7, seed selection:

First with wet cleaning process seed selection before sowing, seed is put into clear water and soak after 1 ~ 2 hour, remove the foreign material and premature seed that float on the surface, with the water seed soaking about 2 days of 40 ~ 50 DEG C, change water every day once; Or seed is put into clear water to soak after 1 ~ 2 hour, remove the foreign material and premature seed that float on the surface, with normal temperature Seed soaking 3 ~ 4 days, change water every day once;

Step S8, breeding pre-treatment:

With the seed of gibberellin aqueous solution process after step S7 process before step S81, sowing;

Step S82, by the seed after step S81 process with 98% alcohol-pickled 30 minutes, then to rinse 1 ~ 2 time with clear water;

Step S83, the seed disinfectant after step S82 process to be sterilized;

Step S84, the seed after step S83 process and ash are stirred after stand-by;

Step S85, select 3 ~ 5 onion bulbs, be placed on and fill in the pickle jar of clear water, the root dish contact water surface bottom onion, the root of onion germinates, cultivates and grows in pickle jar, root dish bottom onion germinate thin fibrous root until and cover with pickle jar, in this process, the clear water in pickle jar changes into cultivates aqueous solution B, within every 3 days, change water once, the cultivation aqueous solution B changed is collected stand-by;

Step S9, sowing:

Phoenix red sowing time, in first arrival in September at the beginning of 10 months, during sowing, water-holding capacity about 70% in soil, can sow after wanting moisturizing moisture creating when water-holding capacity is less than 70%;

Step S10, seedling management:

Step S101, after planting 20 ~ 30 day, Seed sprouting is taken root, before entering the winter, young root grows 6 ~ 10cm, when winter temperature be 0 ~ 5 DEG C, humidity be less than 20% time, cover on the ground the thick straw of 2 ~ 3cm or cogongrass in garden, covering overwinter, next year by the end of February, March at the beginning, seed is removed after top-wall effect through winter low temperature, and young shoot is sprouted and is unearthed successively, takes shading shed or takes other measures of shading such as interplanting to ensure that seedling grows in the environment shaded;

Step S102, occur to use protectant prevention fungal disease early stage at seedling disease, when disease occurs, adopt sterilization liquid to kill fungi in seedling, solution disease;

Step S103, after planting, before weeds start growth, on the ground spray an Acetochlor in garden, every mu of dosage is 55 ~ 65g, adds 45 ~ 55kg water, is fully sprayed at soil surface equably after mixing;

Step S11, nursery stock management:

Phoenix red seedling culture 1 ~ 3 year's harvest nursery stock used by step S111, oil, and oil is planted with tree peony and selected cultivation 3 years above nursery stocks of life to be main, and the nurturing period notes disease control, wherein in mid-February, the 3rd, sprays 20% Isofenphos methyl missible oil, 1500 ~ 1700 times of liquid; Early March, sprays 2% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3500 ~ 3800 times of liquid; Early April sprays 40% asomate wetting powder, 850 ~ 950 times of liquid, does not injure spire; In the first tenday period of a month in May, spray 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of liquid; Between mid-June and early July, spray 50% thiophanate methyl, 600 ~ 800 times of liquid;

Step S112, nursery stock are sent to planting-site after tying up according to standard grading, and the nursery stock that can not transport in time adopts the safeguard measures such as covering, husky Tibetan or earthing;

Step S113, go out garden after nursery stock to prune root, the root cutting off old complaint He fracture, then use the copper-bath of 0.12% ~ 0.15% to soak 10 ~ 20 minutes, carry out disinfection, root clear water after sterilization is covered with element soil and ash after rinsing.

As the improvement of technique scheme, when the pH of soil described in step S1 is 7.5 ~ 8.2, apply to every mu of garden gypsum 10 ~ 20kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 3kg and the farmyard manure 100 ~ 150kg not containing pig manure; When the pH of soil described in step S1 is 5.5 ~ 6.5, apply to every mu of garden ash 20 ~ 30kg and the farmyard manure 150 ~ 200kg not containing pig manure.

As the improvement of technique scheme, herbicidal methods described in step S2: to add water 30 ~ 40kg with 10% glyphosate 600 ~ 800g and 40 ~ 60g washing powder, make liquid A to spray, after weeds are withered, select fine day manually to plough deeply there being the soil of weeds, the Land Sustainable after ploughing deeply is exposed to the sun two months.

As the improvement of technique scheme, base fertilizer described in step S3 is farmyard manure, cake fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium phosphate not containing pig manure, described bactericide is phoxim granule and carbendazim, apply to every mu of garden the farmyard manure 800 ~ 900kg not containing pig manure and cake fertilizer 100 ~ 110kg, apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 ~ 30kg and diammonium phosphate 10 ~ 15kg again, apply 10 ~ 15kg phoxim granule and 4 ~ 5kg carbendazim simultaneously.

As the improvement of technique scheme, the method of the aqueous solution of gibberellin described in step S81 process seed, 220 ~ 280mg gibberellin is added in every 1kg water, be mixed into the gibberellin aqueous solution, water temperature remains on 47 ~ 50 DEG C, the seed after step S7 process is put into the above-mentioned gibberellin aqueous solution and soaks 24 ~ 28 hours.

As the improvement of technique scheme, the sterilization method of disinfectant described in step S83 is, with mass fraction be 75% dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid soluble powder of sodium agent 227 ~ 385g and 85 ~ 100kg water are mixed dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution is soaked, will exceed seed face to the liquid level of dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution, soak time is 12 hours; Or by the carbendazim aqueous solution soaking of 108 ~ 122 μ g/ml, the liquid level of the carbendazim aqueous solution will exceed seed face, and seed soaking time is 12 hours.

As the improvement of technique scheme, described step S9 comprises:

Step S91, on ready-made high furrow water furrow planting, ditch by the line-spacing of 15 ~ 20cm in furrow face, ditch depth is about about 10cm, wide about 5cm;

Step S92, the base manure using the night soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed to make evenly is spread fertilizer over the fields in the seed furrow started broadcasting, after base manure is air-dry, sprinkles the element soil that 0.5 ~ 1cm is thick, seed is evenly sprinkling upon in ditch, at a distance of 1 ~ 2cm between seed, then sprinkles the thick earth of 3 ~ 5cm, compacting;

Step S93, to be watered by the cultivation aqueous solution B in step S85 and be filled in garden on the ground, seed was sprouted in 15 ~ 20 days;

Step S94, on the seed do not germinateed, sprinkle ash, covering with plastic film on ash, cover one deck straw or mountain cogongrass on mulch film upper berth, ensure that the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 25 ~ 35 days in the environment of 15 ~ 22 DEG C; Afterwards, straw or mountain cogongrass are taken off emergency burial, the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 30 ~ 40 days in 10 ~ 12 DEG C of environment; Finally get rid of mulch film, the seed do not germinateed is at the cryogenic conditions of 0 ~ 5 DEG C, and after 15 ~ 20 days, seed is emerged at about 10 DEG C long shoots.

As the improvement of technique scheme, the protectant described in step S102 is made up of 2 part of 0.1% carbendazim aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 3 part of 0.25% gibberellin aqueous solution, and protectant uses three times continuously between 3 ~ April; Sterilization liquid is made up of 4 part of 0.02% Difenoconazole aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 5 part of 0.3% gibberellin aqueous solution, uses sterilization liquid 3 ~ 5 times continuously.

As the improvement of technique scheme, the method for prevention and control of weeds described in step S103, for grassy weed, every mu adopts with 5% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil 25 ~ 35ml, carries out cauline leaf spraying process after adding the mixing of 35 ~ 40kg water.

As the improvement of technique scheme, described farmyard manure selects one in the human excrement become thoroughly decomposed, the cow dung become thoroughly decomposed, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed or the house refuse of becoming thoroughly decomposed or its any combination.

Compared with existing seedling growing process, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:

(1) the present invention changes soil characteristics by farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer associated methods, if soil is meta-alkalescence soil, applies gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and farmyard manure improvement soil pH and fertility; If soil is meta-acid basic soil, applies ash and farmyard manure sweetening of the soil acidity, better regulate the pH of soil, make it adapt to multiple sand loam, and filter out the farmyard manure that several cost is low, wide material sources, suitable oil grow with tree peony.

(2) the present invention is by adding washing powder at glyphosate, removing weeds in advance, then being exposed to the sun, applying farmyard manure, cake fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium phosphate, phoxim granule and carbendazim in conjunction with manually ploughing deeply again.Not only killing pathogenic bacteria and worm's ovum, and improve soil fertility, for the oil red nursery of phoenix provides nutrition needed for growth.

(3) the red seed of phoenix that the present invention sows selects Qi Cong Follicle radish fruit pericarp crab oil look of of gathering in 118 ~ 132 day time after peony pollination, to pericarp cracking when not ftractureing, exposes seed, seed coat brown is to dark brown, seed in this period of time can reach the highest germination rate, is best collecting time, and seed properties is given prominence to, be convenient to identification, convenient to pluck, and the dry-matter accumulation now in seed reaches the highest all with content of fatty acid, is suitable for the nursery of oil phoenix pellet.

(4) seed sowed of the present invention is through gibberellin, alcohol, to dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution, carbendazim, ash process, cultivate the cultivation aqueous solution produced in onions, break seed dormancy, activated plant self-defensive system ability simultaneously, seed after process can improve output and improve quality, increase anti-virus ability, improve the repellence of plant to the adverse circumstance factor such as cold, non-irrigated, flooded, saline and alkaline simultaneously.And the nurturing an environment in, later stage early stage at the embryonic development of seed is in strict accordance with requiring accurate control, long root after embryo form has been grown, root system is constantly grown up, hypocotyl dormancy is broken again at the cryogenic conditions of 0 ~ 5 DEG C, through the oil red seed of phoenix of above-mentioned steps process, sprout time shifts to an earlier date 3 ~ 7 days, and germination rate reaches 92.3% ~ 96.8%.

(5) the present invention by the carbendazim aqueous solution, potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and gibberellin aqueous solution liquid prevention fungal disease, protectant concentration to seedling fanout free region, and supplementary growth of seedling need potassium element and required hormone.When disease occurs, the fungi in seedling killed by the employing Difenoconazole aqueous solution, potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and gibberellin aqueous solution liquid, solves disease; Adopt Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil removing grassy weed.

(6) the present invention at oil with the phoenix red nurturing period by using the multiple fertilizer based on farmyard manure, adopt different fertilization modes, solve the problem that the term of validity is short, availability is low and cost is high that fertilizer in use exists; Nurturing period notes disease control, sprays different medicaments pre-disease prevention in advance month, improve seedling percent in difference.In seedling raising process, not only seedling raise period precise control, and also various fertilizer, the usage quantity of medicament, concentration are accurate, and directiveness is strong, simple to operate.The nursery stock plant cultivated by technique scheme is thick, and emergence rate is high, and quality significantly improves, and after plantation, its Setting percentage is high, is the oil red improved seeds of phoenix.

Embodiment

In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.

The oil of the present invention red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, comprises the following steps:

Step S1, ground, garden are selected: cultivate phoenix red tree peony higher to soil requirement condition for strong sprout, select soil layer deep fertile, are easy to the sandy loam that draining can preserve soil moisture again and are used as nursery lot.In sandy loam with soil physical property sticky content lower than 13%, physical grains of sand content is advisable higher than 58%.The pH of soil is 6.5 ~ 7.5 optimum growths.

PH for soil is the meta-alkalescence soil of 7.5 ~ 8.2, and every mu is executed gypsum 10 ~ 20kg, the farmyard manure of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 3kg and 100 ~ 150kg applies improvement soil pH and fertility as base manure.

PH for soil is the meta-acid basic soil of 5.5 ~ 6.5, and every mu of farmyard manure sweetening of the soil executing ash 20 ~ 30kg and 150 ~ 200kg is acid, better regulates pH and the fertility state of soil.

The farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed selects the human excrement become thoroughly decomposed, the cow dung become thoroughly decomposed, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed or the one of becoming thoroughly decomposed in house refuse or its any combination.Above-mentioned farmyard manure wide material sources, cost is low, and is easily become thoroughly decomposed, ferments.The farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed containing pig manure, does not find in test that pig manure is easy to grow grub category and lowly eats root insect.The farmyard manure source of becoming thoroughly decomposed is simple, and cost is low, is used as oil tree peony fertilizer implementation result good.

Step S2, weeding in advance: ground, garden should be selected in three months prior to seeding.The plot more to wherein weeds, in the friendship in autumn in summer, adopts spraying herbicide before grass-seed is not yet ripe and manually ploughs deeply associated methods removing.Manually plough deeply herbicidal effect slightly poor, not only cost is high only to adopt the weed killer herbicide method weeding of spraying high concentration, and affects soil environment.

Herbicidal methods: first use 10% glyphosate 600 ~ 800g and 40 ~ 60g washing powder to add water 30 ~ 40kg, make liquid A and spray.After weeds are withered, select fine day manually to plough deeply there being the soil of weeds, and continue to be exposed to the sun two months, promote soil-ripening, killing pathogenic bacteria and worm's ovum.After liquid A adds the washing powder of this concentration, targeting is strong, and herbicidal effect is good, and controlling crop smothering in advance significantly can reduce seedling cost; Liquid A concentration is low, and weeds not easily eliminate, and concentration height affects soil environment.

Step S3, deep ploughing ted: one month earlier select fine day garden to be carried out to deep ploughing and tedded, the degree of depth 20 ~ 30cm.Tan by the sun and promote soil-ripening, killing pathogenic bacteria and worm's ovum in 5 ~ 7 days.

The cake fertilizer of farmyard manure that 800 ~ 900kg becomes thoroughly decomposed and 100 ~ 110kg is used for every mu before ploughing, application of phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen 20 ~ 30kg and diammonium phosphate 10 ~ 15kg makees base fertilizer again, applies 10 ~ 15kg phoxim granule and 4 ~ 5kg carbendazim as soil insect-killing bactericide simultaneously.Base fertilizer imposes in soil in the bedding of whole ground the last week.

In fertilising process, it is high to be used alone cake fertilizer cost, is used alone that the farmyard manure term of validity is short, availability is low; The two is used in combination, the more difficult control of its ratio.And cake fertilizer and farmyard manure take effect slowly, other chemical fertilizer need be added again.

Select farmyard manure, cake fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium phosphate to make base fertilizer, wherein farmyard manure and cake fertilizer are combined, and its fertilization effect is than being used alone farmyard manure or cake fertilizer implementation result is good, and cost reduces.

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium phosphate are all in faintly acid, high phosphorous, high containing potassium, high nitrogenous high-performance fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate in above-mentioned base fertilizer and diammonium phosphate ratio are suitable for absorption and the growth that the seedling of tree peony used by oil, seedling took root and there is obstacle the ratio too low later stage, ratio is too high, not only cause waste, and soil pH can be caused to reduce; Its stable components of this base fertilizer is suitable for improving soil fertility.

Step S4, the bedding of whole ground: base fertilizer imposed on soil after one week, plough leveling after rake 5 ~ 6 times in length and breadth, be then made high furrow.Wide 1.2 ~ the 2.0m of furrow, camber is done in furrow face, in order to draining.Begin to rehearse between furrow ditch, furrow width 0.6m, dark 0.6m, and ditch inner bottom part fills up brickbat or rubble, and one is be convenient to work walking, and two is prevent from depositing bottom drain ditch earth, and depth of drainage ditch reduces, and is unfavorable for furrow bottom discharge.

Step S5, seed collection: select the red plant of ability is strong, high yield characteristic is good high-quality phoenix as seed collecting maternal plant, gather seed as strong seedling cultivation from excellent maternal plant more than life in 5 years.Seed is within peony pollination rear 118 ~ 132 day time, maturing stage Cong Follicle radish fruit pericarp crab oil look, ftracture to pericarp when not ftractureing, expose seed, seed coat brown is to dark brown, and the seed in this period of time can reach the highest germination rate, for best collecting time, and seed properties is given prominence to, be convenient to identification, convenient harvesting.Dry-matter accumulation now in seed and content of fatty acid have reached the highest all.The thousand grain weigth of now nursery is 196 ~ 204g, and the seed of nursery should not be too ripe.

Step S6, postharvest handling: the fruit under adopting should be deposited on shady and cool ventilation, the coarse cement flooring of not easily getting damp, to promote the after-ripening of seed in shell.Stack fruit real-time thickness no more than 10 ~ 20cm, stir 2 ~ 3 times, in order to avoid fruit is mouldy every day simultaneously.After 10 ~ 15 days, in shell, seed generally changes black into by yellowish-brown, and now pericarp ftractures voluntarily, and seed is deviate from.After shelling, the stacking thickness of seed, no more than 10cm, stirs 1 ~ 2 every day.Add forced ventilation simultaneously, prevent from going mouldy.Prevent seed from tanning by the sun.

Step S7, seed selection: before sowing, first want wet cleaning process to choose seeds.First with wet cleaning process seed selection before sowing, seed is put into clear water and soak after 1 ~ 2 hour, remove the foreign material and premature seed that float on the surface, with the water seed soaking about 2 days of 40 ~ 50 DEG C, change water every day once.Or seed is put into clear water to soak after 1 ~ 2 hour, remove the foreign material and premature seed that float on the surface, with normal temperature Seed soaking 3 ~ 4 days, change water every day once;

Step S8, breeding pre-treatment:

Step S81, tree peony seed coat are hard, not easily permeable, with the seed of gibberellin aqueous solution soaking after step S7 process before sowing, add the stirring of 220 ~ 280mg gibberellin in every 1kg water and blend into the gibberellin aqueous solution, water temperature remains on 47 ~ 50 DEG C, seed after step S7 process is put into the gibberellin aqueous solution to soak 24 ~ 28 hours, make seed coat deliquescing, imbibition, the too high too low germination rate that all can reduce later stage seed of gibberellin.

Step S82, by the seed after step S81 process with 98% alcohol-pickled 30 minutes, make the seed coat of seed soften further, promote the effect of sprouting.Rinse 1 ~ 2 time with clear water more afterwards.Alcohol does not have corrosivity, safety, free from environmental pollution.

Step S83, carry out disinfection the seed disinfectant after step S82 process sterilization, disinfectant is 75% form dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid soluble powder of sodium agent 227 ~ 385g and 85 ~ 100kg water exchange by mass fraction, seed soaks in dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution, will exceed seed face to the liquid level of dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution, seed soaking time is 12 hours; Or the disinfectant carbendazim aqueous solution of 108 ~ 122 μ g/ml, seed soaks in the carbendazim aqueous solution, and the liquid level of the carbendazim aqueous solution will exceed seed face, and seed soaking time is 12 hours.

The described carbendazim aqueous solution or good to dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution bactericidal effect, be quick on the draw, the time is short, and cost is low.The carbendazim aqueous solution and low to dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution concentration, bactericidal effect is poor; Excessive concentration, its permeability strengthens, and is unfavorable for seed germination.

Through to after dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution, carbendazim medicament seed soaking, after the harmful bacteria on seed and miscellaneous bacteria are processed, namely can be used for sowing.

Step S84, the seed after step S83 process and ash are stirred after stand-by.

Step S85, select 3 ~ 5 onion bulbs, be placed on suitable size and fill in the pickle jar of clear water, root dish bottom onion will contact the water surface, the root of onion germinates, cultivates and grows in pickle jar, onion germinate very soon thin fibrous root until and cover with pickle jar, can produce containing a large amount of useful bacterium colony and organic matter in this process, aqueous solution B is cultivated in its formation soluble in water, within every 3 days, change water once in this process, the cultivation aqueous solution B changed is collected stand-by.Cultivation aqueous solution B contributes to seed and sprouts in advance, is of value to seed root growth.

Step S9, sowing: phoenix red sowing time is in first arrival in September at the beginning of 10 months.Water-holding capacity about 70% in soil during sowing, can sow after wanting moisturizing moisture creating during water-holding capacity difference.

Step S91, on ready-made high furrow water furrow planting.Ditch by the line-spacing of 15 ~ 20cm in furrow face.Ditch depth is about about 10cm, wide about 5cm.

Step S92, the base manure using the night soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed to make evenly is spread fertilizer over the fields in the seed furrow started broadcasting, after base manure is air-dry, sprinkle the element soil that 0.5 ~ 1cm is thick, seed is evenly sprinkling upon in ditch, at a distance of 1 ~ 2cm between seed, then sprinkle the thick earth of 3 ~ 5cm, suppress a little.Spread fertilizer over the fields base manure in seed furrow and provide nutrition for seed germination growth, do not affect seed germination growth around; Base manure sprinkles element soil, avoid seed directly to contact with base manure, affect seed germination.

Step S93, the cultivation aqueous solution B changed in water planting onion bulb process to be watered in the garden of plantation Paeonia suffruticosa seed on the ground, after 15 ~ 20 days, have the seed sprouting of 50% ~ 65%.Cultivate aqueous solution B and can remove top-wall effect, young shoot can grow very soon.

Step S94, after 20 days, the seed do not germinateed sprinkles ash, then covering with plastic film, one deck straw or mountain cogongrass is covered on mulch film upper berth.Ensure that the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 25 ~ 35 days in the environment of 15 ~ 22 DEG C; Afterwards, by straw or mountain cogongrass emergency burial, the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 30 ~ 40 days in 10 ~ 12 DEG C of environment; Finally get rid of mulch film, ensure that the seed that do not germinate is at the cryogenic conditions of 0 ~ 5 DEG C, after 15 ~ 20 days, seed is emerged at about 10 DEG C long shoots.

Seed due to tree peony has the characteristic of top-wall effect, embryo undeveloped mature during results, and embryonic development requires to cultivate 30 days in the environment of 18 ~ 22 DEG C in early days, and the later stage requires to cultivate 30 ~ 40 days in 10 ~ 12 DEG C of environment.Embryo form has been grown rear long root, root system is constantly grown up, then breaks hypocotyl dormancy at the cryogenic conditions of 0 ~ 5 DEG C, and the time needs 15 ~ 20 days, and after breaking hypocotyl dormancy, seed is emerged at about 10 DEG C long shoots.Through the oil red seed of phoenix of above-mentioned steps process, its germination rate reaches 92.3% ~ 96.8%.

Step S10, seedling management:

Step S101, after planting 20 ~ 30 day Seed sprouting is taken root, and before entering the winter, young root can reach 6 ~ 10cm.When winter temperature be 0 ~ 5 DEG C, humidity be less than 20% time, cover on the ground the thick straw of 2 ~ 3cm or cogongrass in garden, covering overwinter.Next year by the end of February, at the beginning of 3 months, seed is removed after top-wall effect through winter low temperature, and young shoot is sprouted and is unearthed successively.Seedling should appropriateness be shaded.Shading shed can be taken or take other measures of shading such as interplanting.

Seedling leaves is launched, and when spring temperature rises to 18 ~ 25 DEG C, is seedling fast growing period.Now, the occurrence and harm of fungal disease should be noted.

Step S102, disease occur early stage use protectant fungal disease is prevented to seedling.

Protectant is combined by (mass ratio) 2 part of 0.1% carbendazim aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 3 part of 0.25% gibberellin aqueous solution and makes; Use three times continuously between 3 ~ April, carbendazim and gibberellin good with the use of preventive effect, protectant concentration to seedling fanout free region, and supplements the potassium element and required hormone that growth of seedling needs.

When disease occurs, the fungi in seedling killed by employing sterilization liquid, solves disease.Sterilization liquid is made up of 4 part of 0.02% Difenoconazole aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 5 part of 0.3% gibberellin aqueous solution.Continuous use sterilization liquid 3 ~ 5 times, bactericidal effect is good, and targeting is strong, the composition of bactericide and concentration low to tree peony seedling injury, and supplement the potassium element and required hormone that growth of seedling needs.

Step S103, prevention and control of weeds

Before after planting weeds start growth, spray an Acetochlor, every mu of dosage is 55 ~ 65g, adds 45 ~ 55kg water, is fully sprayed at soil surface equably after mixing.Carry out " soil is closed ", to control the generation of crop smothering.

In seedling growth stage, should weed with a hoe in time, must guard against weedy after weeding again.It is very careful that Feng Dan land for growing field crops application weed killer herbicide needs.Wherein for grassy weed, every mu adopts with 5% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil 25 ~ 35ml, and carry out cauline leaf spraying process after adding the mixing of 35 ~ 40kg water, herbicidal effect is good, low to tree peony seedling injury, and the concentration of Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil is too low, and herbicidal effect is poor; Excessive concentration, can injure seedling.

Step S11, nursery stock management:

Phoenix red seedling culture 1 ~ 3 year's harvest nursery stock used by step S111, oil, and oil is planted with tree peony and selected cultivation 3 years above nursery stocks of life to be main.Nurturing period notes disease control, wherein in mid-February, the 3rd, sprays 20% Isofenphos methyl missible oil, 1500 ~ 1700 times of liquid; Early March, sprays 2% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3500 ~ 3800 times of liquid; Early April sprays 40% asomate wetting powder, 850 ~ 950 times of liquid, does not injure spire; In the first tenday period of a month in May, spray 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of liquid; Between mid-June and early July, spray 50% thiophanate methyl, 600 ~ 800 times of liquid;

Take above-mentioned technological means, during tree peony growth of seedling, the diseases control such as root rot, root-knot nematode, brown spot, gray mold can reach more than 86 ~ 93%, and does not injure seedling, avoids the infiltration caused because of excessive concentration.

Step S112, nursery stock, according to after standard grading, are tied up by certain strain number, are then sent to planting-site.The nursery stock that can not transport in time should be covered, or carries out the safeguard measures such as husky Tibetan, earthing.

Step S113, go out garden after nursery stock suitably to prune root, the root cutting off old complaint He fracture, then use 0.12% ~ 0.15% copper-bath soak 10 ~ 20 minutes, carry out disinfection.Root clear water after sterilization is covered with element soil and ash after rinsing.Copper-bath is effective to root virus killing, and the duration is of a specified duration, can not injure root.

Embodiment 1:

At the beginning of 2011 6 months, select soil layer deep fertile, be easy to the soil that sandy loam that draining can preserve soil moisture again is used as ground, garden, record the physical clay content of soil lower than 13%, physical grains of sand content is higher than 58%, record the pH of soil between 7.5 ~ 8.2, apply to every mu of garden gypsum 10 ~ 20kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 3kg and the farmyard manure 100 ~ 150kg not containing pig manure; Farmyard manure selects one in the human excrement become thoroughly decomposed, the cow dung become thoroughly decomposed, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed or the house refuse of becoming thoroughly decomposed or its any combination.

To the more plot of weeds, ground, garden, to add water 30kg with 10% glyphosate 600g and 40g washing powder, make liquid A and spray, after weeds are withered, selection fine day is manually ploughed deeply there being the soil of weeds, and the Land Sustainable after ploughing deeply is exposed to the sun at the beginning of 8 months.

At the beginning of 8 months, select fine day that garden is carried out to deep ploughing and tedded, the degree of depth of turning over is 20cm, turning over the last week, apply to every mu of garden the farmyard manure 800kg not containing pig manure and cake fertilizer 110kg, apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20kg and diammonium phosphate 15kg again, apply 10kg phoxim granule and 5kg carbendazim simultaneously, then tan by the sun 5 days.Farmyard manure selects one in the human excrement become thoroughly decomposed, the cow dung become thoroughly decomposed, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed or the house refuse of becoming thoroughly decomposed or its any combination.

Base fertilizer imposed on ground, garden after one week, and plough leveling after rake 5 times in length and breadth, make high furrow, the wide 1.2m of furrow, camber is done in furrow face; Begin to rehearse between furrow ditch, draining furrow width 0.6m, dark 0.6m, the underfill brickbat in drain ditch or rubble;

The red maternal plant of the phoenix selecting life in 5 years above gathers seed and is used as strong seedling cultivation, and the optimal harvest time of seed was latter 118 days of peony pollination, and Zhong Cong Follicle radish is pericarp crab oil look really, ftracture to pericarp when not ftractureing, expose seed, seed coat brown is to dark brown, and the thousand grain weigth of gathering is 196g.

Fruit under adopting is deposited on shady and cool ventilation, the coarse cement flooring of not easily getting damp, stack fruit real-time thickness and be no more than 10cm, stir 2 times, after 10 days every day simultaneously, in shell, seed generally changes black into by yellowish-brown, now pericarp ftractures voluntarily, and seed is deviate from, after shelling, the stacking thickness of seed is no more than 10cm, stir 1 every day, add forced ventilation simultaneously, prevent from going mouldy and tanning by the sun;

First with wet cleaning process seed selection before sowing, seed is put into clear water and soak after 1 hour, remove the foreign material and premature seed that float on the surface, with the water seed soaking about 2 days of 40 DEG C, change water every day once; Or seed is put into clear water to soak after 1 hour, remove the foreign material and premature seed that float on the surface, with normal temperature Seed soaking 3 days, change water every day once.

Add 220mg gibberellin in every 1kg water, be mixed into the gibberellin aqueous solution, water temperature remains on 47 DEG C, the seed screened is put into the above-mentioned gibberellin aqueous solution soak 24 hours through wet cleaning process.Use 98% alcohol-pickled 30 minutes afterwards again, then rinse 1 time with clear water.Seed mass fraction after alcohol-pickled be 75% dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid soluble powder of sodium agent 227g and 85kg water are mixed dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution is soaked, will exceed seed face to the liquid level of dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution, soak time is 12 hours; Or by the carbendazim aqueous solution soaking of 108 μ g/ml, the liquid level of the carbendazim aqueous solution will exceed seed face, and seed soaking time is 12 hours.By being immersed in, the seed in dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution or the seed be immersed in the carbendazim aqueous solution are pulled out, stand-by after stirring with ash.Select 3 onion bulbs, be placed on and fill in the pickle jar of clear water, the root dish contact water surface bottom onion, the root of onion germinates, cultivates and grows in pickle jar, root dish bottom onion germinate thin fibrous root until and cover with pickle jar, in this process, the clear water in pickle jar changes into cultivates aqueous solution B, within every 3 days, change water once, the cultivation aqueous solution B changed is collected stand-by.At the beginning of 9 months, water-holding capacity about 70% in the soil of field, garden, water furrow planting on ready-made high furrow, furrow face is pressed the line-spacing trench digging of 15cm, and ditch depth is about about 10cm, wide about 5cm; The base manure using the night soil become thoroughly decomposed to make evenly is spread fertilizer over the fields in the seed furrow started broadcasting, after base manure is air-dry, sprinkles the element soil that 0.5cm is thick, seed is evenly sprinkling upon in ditch, at a distance of 1cm between seed, then sprinkles the thick earth of 3cm, compacting; Watered by cultivation aqueous solution B and be filled in garden on the ground, seed was sprouted in 15 days; After 20 days, the seed do not germinateed sprinkles ash, covering with plastic film on ash, cover one deck straw or mountain cogongrass on mulch film upper berth, ensure that the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 25 days in the environment of 15 DEG C; Afterwards, straw or mountain cogongrass are taken off emergency burial, the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 30 days in 10 DEG C of environment; Finally get rid of mulch film, the seed do not germinateed is at the cryogenic conditions of 0 DEG C, and after 15 days, seed is emerged at about 10 DEG C long shoots.After planting 20 days; Seed sprouting is taken root; enter the long 6cm of young root before the winter; when winter temperature be 0 DEG C of humidity be less than 20% time, cover on the ground the thick straw of 2cm or cogongrass in garden, covering overwinter; in in by the end of February, 2012, March at the beginning; seed is removed after top-wall effect through winter low temperature, and young shoot is sprouted and is unearthed successively, takes shading shed or takes other measures of shading such as interplanting to ensure that seedling grows in the environment shaded.Occur to use protectant prevention fungal disease early stage at seedling disease, protectant is made up of 2 part of 0.1% carbendazim aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 3 part of 0.25% gibberellin aqueous solution, and protectant uses three times continuously between 3 ~ April;

When disease occurs, the fungi in seedling killed by employing sterilization liquid, solves disease; Sterilization liquid is made up of 4 part of 0.02% Difenoconazole aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 5 part of 0.3% gibberellin aqueous solution, uses sterilization liquid 3 times continuously.

After planting, before weeds start growth, on the ground spray an Acetochlor in garden, every mu of dosage is 55g, adds 45kg water, is fully sprayed at soil surface equably after mixing; For grassy weed, every mu adopts with 5% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil 25ml, carries out cauline leaf spraying process after adding the mixing of 35kg water.

Oil is planted with tree peony and is selected cultivation 3 years above nursery stocks of life to be main, and the nurturing period notes disease control, wherein in mid-February, 2013, sprays 20% Isofenphos methyl missible oil, 1500 times of liquid; Early March, sprays 2% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3500 times of liquid; Early April sprays 40% asomate wetting powder, 850 times of liquid, does not injure spire; In the first tenday period of a month in May, spray 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of liquid; Between mid-June and early July, spray 50% thiophanate methyl, 600 times of liquid.Nursery stock is sent to planting-site after tying up according to standard grading, and the nursery stock that can not transport in time adopts the safeguard measures such as covering, husky Tibetan or earthing.Go out the nursery stock behind garden to prune root, the root cutting off old complaint He fracture, then soak 10 minutes with the copper-bath of 0.12%, carry out disinfection, the root clear water after sterilization is covered with element soil and ash after rinsing.

Embodiment 2:

In mid-June, 2011, select soil layer deep fertile, be easy to the soil that sandy loam that draining can preserve soil moisture again is used as ground, garden, record the physical clay content of soil lower than 13%, physical grains of sand content is higher than 58%, and the pH of soil is between 6.5 ~ 7.5.

To the more plot of weeds, ground, garden, make liquid A spray with 10% glyphosate 680g and the 53g washing powder 35kg that adds water, after weeds are withered, selection fine day is manually ploughed deeply there being the soil of weeds, and the Land Sustainable after ploughing deeply was exposed to the sun to mid-August.

Mid-August, select fine day that garden is carried out to deep ploughing and tedded, the degree of depth of turning over is 25cm, turning over the last week, apply to every mu of garden the farmyard manure 860kg not containing pig manure and cake fertilizer 105kg, apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate 26kg and diammonium phosphate 13kg again, apply 13kg phoxim granule and 4.5kg carbendazim simultaneously, then tan by the sun 6 days.

Base fertilizer imposed on ground, garden after one week, and plough leveling after rake 6 times in length and breadth, make high furrow, the wide 1.6m of furrow, camber is done in furrow face; Begin to rehearse between furrow ditch, draining furrow width 0.6m, dark 0.6m, the underfill brickbat in drain ditch or rubble;

The red maternal plant of the phoenix selecting life in 5 years above gathers seed and is used as strong seedling cultivation, and the optimal harvest time of seed was latter 125 days of peony pollination, and Zhong Cong Follicle radish is pericarp crab oil look really, ftracture to pericarp when not ftractureing, expose seed, seed coat brown is to dark brown, and the thousand grain weigth of gathering is 200g.

Fruit under adopting is deposited on shady and cool ventilation, the coarse cement flooring of not easily getting damp, stack fruit real-time thickness and be no more than 15cm, stir 2 times, after 13 days every day simultaneously, in shell, seed generally changes black into by yellowish-brown, now pericarp ftractures voluntarily, and seed is deviate from, after shelling, the stacking thickness of seed is no more than 10cm, stir 1 every day, add forced ventilation simultaneously, prevent from going mouldy and tanning by the sun;

First with wet cleaning process seed selection before sowing, seed is put into clear water and soak after 1.5 hours, remove the foreign material and premature seed that float on the surface, with the water seed soaking about 2 days of 46 DEG C, change water every day once; Or seed is put into clear water to soak after 1.5 hours, remove the foreign material and premature seed that float on the surface, with normal temperature Seed soaking 3 days, change water every day once.

Add 260mg gibberellin in every 1kg water, be mixed into the gibberellin aqueous solution, water temperature remains on 49 DEG C, the seed screened is put into the above-mentioned gibberellin aqueous solution soak 25 hours through wet cleaning process.Use 98% alcohol-pickled 30 minutes afterwards again, then rinse 1 time with clear water.Seed mass fraction after alcohol-pickled be 75% dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid soluble powder of sodium agent 256g and 95kg water are mixed dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution is soaked, will exceed seed face to the liquid level of dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution, soak time is 12 hours; Or by the carbendazim aqueous solution soaking of 116 μ g/ml, the liquid level of the carbendazim aqueous solution will exceed seed face, and seed soaking time is 12 hours.By being immersed in, the seed in dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution or the seed be immersed in the carbendazim aqueous solution are pulled out, stand-by after stirring with ash.Select 4 onion bulbs, be placed on and fill in the pickle jar of clear water, the root dish contact water surface bottom onion, the root of onion germinates, cultivates and grows in pickle jar, root dish bottom onion germinate thin fibrous root until and cover with pickle jar, in this process, the clear water in pickle jar changes into cultivates aqueous solution B, within every 3 days, change water once, the cultivation aqueous solution B changed is collected stand-by.Mid-September, in the soil of field, garden, water-holding capacity is less than 65%, waters to field, garden, ensures water-holding capacity 70% in soil.Water furrow planting on ready-made high furrow, furrow face is pressed the line-spacing trench digging of 15cm, and ditch depth is about about 10cm, wide about 5cm; The base manure using the night soil become thoroughly decomposed to make evenly is spread fertilizer over the fields in the seed furrow started broadcasting, after base manure is air-dry, sprinkles the element soil that 0.8cm is thick, seed is evenly sprinkling upon in ditch, at a distance of 1.5cm between seed, then sprinkles the thick earth of 4cm, compacting; Watered by cultivation aqueous solution B and be filled in garden on the ground, seed was sprouted in 16 days; After 20 days, the seed do not germinateed sprinkles ash, covering with plastic film on ash, cover one deck straw or mountain cogongrass on mulch film upper berth, ensure that the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 30 days in the environment of 20 DEG C.Afterwards, straw or mountain cogongrass are taken off emergency burial, the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 35 days in 11 DEG C of environment; Finally get rid of mulch film, the seed do not germinateed is at the cryogenic conditions of 2 DEG C, and after 18 days, seed is emerged at about 10 DEG C long shoots.After planting 28 days; Seed sprouting is taken root; enter the long 9cm of young root before the winter; when winter temperature be 2 DEG C, humidity be less than 20% time, cover on the ground the thick straw of 2.5cm or cogongrass in garden, covering overwinter; in in by the end of February, 2012, March at the beginning; seed is removed after top-wall effect through winter low temperature, and young shoot is sprouted and is unearthed successively, takes shading shed or takes other measures of shading such as interplanting to ensure that seedling grows in the environment shaded.Occur to use protectant prevention fungal disease early stage at seedling disease, protectant is made up of 2 part of 0.1% carbendazim aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 3 part of 0.25% gibberellin aqueous solution, and protectant uses three times continuously between 3 ~ April;

When disease occurs, the fungi in seedling killed by employing sterilization liquid, solves disease; Sterilization liquid is made up of 4 part of 0.02% Difenoconazole aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 5 part of 0.3% gibberellin aqueous solution, uses sterilization liquid 4 times continuously.

After planting, before weeds start growth, on the ground spray an Acetochlor in garden, every mu of dosage is 59g, adds 50kg water, is fully sprayed at soil surface equably after mixing; For grassy weed, every mu adopts with 5% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil 30ml, carries out cauline leaf spraying process after adding the mixing of 38kg water.

Oil is planted with tree peony and is selected cultivation 3 years above nursery stocks of life to be main, and the nurturing period notes disease control, wherein in mid-February, 2013, sprays 20% Isofenphos methyl missible oil, 1600 times of liquid; Early March, sprays 2% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3600 times of liquid; Early April sprays 40% asomate wetting powder, 890 times of liquid, does not injure spire; In the first tenday period of a month in May, spray 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of liquid; Between mid-June and early July, spray 50% thiophanate methyl, 680 times of liquid.Nursery stock is sent to planting-site after tying up according to standard grading, and the nursery stock that can not transport in time adopts the safeguard measures such as covering, husky Tibetan or earthing.Go out the nursery stock behind garden to prune root, the root cutting off old complaint He fracture, then soak 13 minutes with the copper-bath of 0.13%, carry out disinfection, the root clear water after sterilization is covered with element soil and ash after rinsing.

Embodiment 3:

In late June, 2011, select soil layer deep fertile, be easy to the soil that sandy loam that draining can preserve soil moisture again is used as ground, garden, record the physical clay content of soil lower than 13%, physical grains of sand content is higher than 58%, the pH recording soil, 5.5 ~ 6.5 time, applies to every mu of garden ash 20 ~ 30kg and the farmyard manure 150 ~ 200kg not containing pig manure.Farmyard manure selects one in the human excrement become thoroughly decomposed, the cow dung become thoroughly decomposed, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed or the house refuse of becoming thoroughly decomposed or its any combination.

To the more plot of weeds, ground, garden, to add water 40kg with 10% glyphosate 800g and 60g washing powder, make liquid A and spray, after weeds are withered, selection fine day is manually ploughed deeply there being the soil of weeds, and the Land Sustainable after ploughing deeply was exposed to the sun to late August.

Late August, select fine day that garden is carried out to deep ploughing and tedded, the degree of depth of turning over is 30cm, turning over the last week, apply to every mu of garden the farmyard manure 900kg not containing pig manure and cake fertilizer 100kg, apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30kg and diammonium phosphate 10kg again, apply 15kg phoxim granule and 4kg carbendazim simultaneously, then tan by the sun 7 days.

Base fertilizer imposed on ground, garden after one week, and plough leveling after rake 6 times in length and breadth, make high furrow, the wide 2.0m of furrow, camber is done in furrow face; Begin to rehearse between furrow ditch, draining furrow width 0.6m, dark 0.6m, the underfill brickbat in drain ditch or rubble;

The red maternal plant of the phoenix selecting life in 5 years above gathers seed and is used as strong seedling cultivation, and the optimal harvest time of seed was latter 132 days of peony pollination, and Zhong Cong Follicle radish is pericarp crab oil look really, ftracture to pericarp when not ftractureing, expose seed, seed coat brown is to dark brown, and the thousand grain weigth of gathering is 204g;

Fruit under adopting is deposited on shady and cool ventilation, the coarse cement flooring of not easily getting damp, stack fruit real-time thickness and be no more than 20cm, stir 3 times, after 15 days every day simultaneously, in shell, seed generally changes black into by yellowish-brown, now pericarp ftractures voluntarily, and seed is deviate from, after shelling, the stacking thickness of seed is no more than 10cm, stir 2 every day, add forced ventilation simultaneously, prevent from going mouldy and tanning by the sun;

First with wet cleaning process seed selection before sowing, seed is put into clear water and soak after 2 hours, remove the foreign material and premature seed that float on the surface, with the water seed soaking about 2 days of 50 DEG C, change water every day once; Or seed is put into clear water to soak after 2 hours, remove the foreign material and premature seed that float on the surface, with normal temperature Seed soaking 4 days, change water every day once.

Add 280mg gibberellin in every 1kg water, be mixed into the gibberellin aqueous solution, water temperature remains on 50 DEG C, the seed screened is put into the above-mentioned gibberellin aqueous solution soak 28 hours through wet cleaning process.Use 98% alcohol-pickled 30 minutes afterwards again, then rinse 2 times with clear water.Seed mass fraction after alcohol-pickled be 75% dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid soluble powder of sodium agent 385g and 100kg water are mixed dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution is soaked, will exceed seed face to the liquid level of dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution, soak time is 12 hours; Or by the carbendazim aqueous solution soaking of 122 μ g/ml, the liquid level of the carbendazim aqueous solution will exceed seed face, and seed soaking time is 12 hours.By being immersed in, the seed in dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution or the seed be immersed in the carbendazim aqueous solution are pulled out, stand-by after stirring with ash.

Select 5 onion bulbs, be placed on and fill in the pickle jar of clear water, the root dish contact water surface bottom onion, the root of onion germinates, cultivates and grows in pickle jar, root dish bottom onion germinate thin fibrous root until and cover with pickle jar, in this process, the clear water in pickle jar changes into cultivates aqueous solution B, within every 3 days, change water once, the cultivation aqueous solution B changed is collected stand-by.Late September, water-holding capacity about 70% in the soil of field, garden, water furrow planting on ready-made high furrow, furrow face is pressed the line-spacing trench digging of 20cm, and ditch depth is about about 10cm, wide about 5cm; The base manure using the night soil become thoroughly decomposed to make evenly is spread fertilizer over the fields in the seed furrow started broadcasting, after base manure is air-dry, sprinkles the element soil that 1cm is thick, seed is evenly sprinkling upon in ditch, at a distance of 2cm between seed, then sprinkles the thick earth of 5cm, compacting; Watered by cultivation aqueous solution B and be filled in garden on the ground, seed was sprouted in 20 days; After 20 days, the seed do not germinateed sprinkles ash, covering with plastic film on ash, cover one deck straw or mountain cogongrass on mulch film upper berth, ensure that the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 35 days in the environment of 22 DEG C; Afterwards, straw or mountain cogongrass are taken off emergency burial, the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 40 days in 12 DEG C of environment; Finally get rid of mulch film, the seed do not germinateed is at the cryogenic conditions of 0 DEG C, and after 20 days, seed is emerged at about 10 DEG C long shoots.After planting 30 days; Seed sprouting is taken root; enter the long 10cm of young root before the winter; when winter temperature be 5 DEG C, humidity be less than 20% time, cover on the ground the thick straw of 3cm or cogongrass in garden, covering overwinter; in in by the end of February, 2012, March at the beginning; seed is removed after top-wall effect through winter low temperature, and young shoot is sprouted and is unearthed successively, takes shading shed or takes other measures of shading such as interplanting to ensure that seedling grows in the environment shaded.Occur to use protectant prevention fungal disease early stage at seedling disease, protectant is made up of 2 part of 0.1% carbendazim aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 3 part of 0.25% gibberellin aqueous solution, and protectant uses three times continuously between 3 ~ April;

When disease occurs, the fungi in seedling killed by employing sterilization liquid, solves disease; Sterilization liquid is made up of 4 part of 0.02% Difenoconazole aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 5 part of 0.3% gibberellin aqueous solution, uses sterilization liquid 5 times continuously.

After planting, before weeds start growth, on the ground spray an Acetochlor in garden, every mu of dosage is 65g, adds 55kg water, is fully sprayed at soil surface equably after mixing; For grassy weed, every mu adopts with 5% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil 35ml, carries out cauline leaf spraying process after adding the mixing of 40kg water.

Oil is planted with tree peony and is selected cultivation 3 years above nursery stocks of life to be main, and the nurturing period notes disease control, wherein in mid-February, 2013, sprays 20% Isofenphos methyl missible oil, 1700 times of liquid; Early March, sprays 2% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3800 times of liquid; Early April sprays 40% asomate wetting powder, 950 times of liquid; In the first tenday period of a month in May, spray 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of liquid; Between mid-June and early July, spray 50% thiophanate methyl, 800 times of liquid.Nursery stock is sent to planting-site after tying up according to standard grading, and the nursery stock that can not transport in time adopts the safeguard measures such as covering, husky Tibetan or earthing.Go out the nursery stock behind garden to prune root, the root cutting off old complaint He fracture, then soak 10 minutes with the copper-bath of 0.15%, carry out disinfection, the root clear water after sterilization is covered with element soil and ash after rinsing.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. the oil red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

Step (S1), ground, garden are selected:

Step (S2), weeding in advance:

Step (S3), deep ploughing ted:

Step (S4), the bedding of whole ground:

Step (S5), seed collection:

Step (S6), postharvest handling:

Step (S7), seed selection:

Step (S8), breeding pre-treatment:

With the seed of gibberellin aqueous solution process after step (S7) process before step (S81), sowing;

Step (S82), by the seed after step (S81) process with 98% alcohol-pickled 30 minutes, then with clear water flushing 1 ~ 2 time;

Step (S83), by through step (S82) process after seed disinfectant sterilize;

Step (S84), by through step (S83) process after seed and ash stir after stand-by;

Step (S85), select 3 ~ 5 onion bulbs, be placed on and fill in the pickle jar of clear water, the root dish contact water surface bottom onion, the root of onion germinates, cultivates and grows in pickle jar, root dish bottom onion germinate thin fibrous root until and cover with pickle jar, in this process, the clear water in pickle jar changes into cultivates aqueous solution B, within every 3 days, change water once, the cultivation aqueous solution B changed is collected stand-by;

Step (S9), sowing:

Step (S10), seedling management:

Step (S101), after planting 20 ~ 30 days, Seed sprouting is taken root, before entering the winter, young root grows 6 ~ 10cm, when winter temperature be 0 ~ 5 DEG C, humidity be less than 20% time, cover on the ground the thick straw of 2 ~ 3cm or cogongrass in garden, covering overwinter, next year by the end of February, March at the beginning, seed is removed after top-wall effect through winter low temperature, and young shoot is sprouted and is unearthed successively, takes shading shed or takes other measures of shading such as interplanting to ensure that seedling grows in the environment shaded;

Step (S102), occur to use protectant prevention fungal disease early stage at seedling disease, when disease occurs, adopt sterilization liquid to kill fungi in seedling, solution disease;

Step (S103), after planting, before weeds start growth, on the ground spray an Acetochlor in garden, every mu of dosage is 55 ~ 65g, adds 45 ~ 55kg water, is fully sprayed at soil surface equably after mixing;

Step (S11), nursery stock management:

Phoenix red seedling culture 1 ~ 3 year's harvest nursery stock used by step (S111), oil, and oil is planted with tree peony and selected cultivation 3 years above nursery stocks of life to be main, and the nurturing period notes disease control, wherein in mid-February, the 3rd, sprays 20% Isofenphos methyl missible oil, 1500 ~ 1700 times of liquid; Early March, sprays 2% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3500 ~ 3800 times of liquid; Early April sprays 40% asomate wetting powder, 850 ~ 950 times of liquid, does not injure spire; In the first tenday period of a month in May, spray 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of liquid; Between mid-June and early July, spray 50% thiophanate methyl, 600 ~ 800 times of liquid;

Step (S112), nursery stock are sent to planting-site after tying up according to standard grading, and the nursery stock that can not transport in time adopts the safeguard measures such as covering, husky Tibetan or earthing;

Step (S113), go out garden after nursery stock to prune root, the root cutting off old complaint He fracture, then use the copper-bath of 0.12% ~ 0.15% to soak 10 ~ 20 minutes, carry out disinfection, root clear water after sterilization is covered with element soil and ash after rinsing.

2. a kind of oil according to claim 1 red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, it is characterized in that, when the pH of soil described in step (S1) is 7.5 ~ 8.2, apply to every mu of garden gypsum 10 ~ 20kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 3kg and the farmyard manure 100 ~ 150kg not containing pig manure; When the pH of soil described in step (S1) is 5.5 ~ 6.5, apply to every mu of garden ash 20 ~ 30kg and the farmyard manure 150 ~ 200kg not containing pig manure.

3. a kind of oil according to claim 1 red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, it is characterized in that, herbicidal methods described in step (S2): to add water 30 ~ 40kg with 10% glyphosate 600 ~ 800g and 40 ~ 60g washing powder, make liquid A to spray, after weeds are withered, select fine day manually to plough deeply there being the soil of weeds, the Land Sustainable after ploughing deeply is exposed to the sun two months.

4. a kind of oil according to claim 1 red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, it is characterized in that, base fertilizer described in step (S3) is farmyard manure, cake fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium phosphate not containing pig manure, described bactericide is phoxim granule and carbendazim, apply to every mu of garden the farmyard manure 800 ~ 900kg not containing pig manure and cake fertilizer 100 ~ 110kg, apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 ~ 30kg and diammonium phosphate 10 ~ 15kg again, apply 10 ~ 15kg phoxim granule and 4 ~ 5kg carbendazim simultaneously.

5. a kind of oil according to claim 1 red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, it is characterized in that, the method of the seed of gibberellin aqueous solution process described in step (S81), 220 ~ 280mg gibberellin is added in every 1kg water, be mixed into the gibberellin aqueous solution, water temperature remains on 47 ~ 50 DEG C, the seed after step (S7) process is put into the above-mentioned gibberellin aqueous solution and soaks 24 ~ 28 hours.

6. a kind of oil according to claim 1 red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, it is characterized in that, described in step (S83), disinfectant sterilization method is, with mass fraction be 75% dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid soluble powder of sodium agent 227 ~ 385g and 85 ~ 100kg water are mixed dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution is soaked, will exceed seed face to the liquid level of dimethylamino benzene diazosulfonic acid sodium water solution, soak time is 12 hours; Or by the carbendazim aqueous solution soaking of 108 ~ 122 μ g/ml, the liquid level of the carbendazim aqueous solution will exceed seed face, and seed soaking time is 12 hours.

7. a kind of oil according to claim 1 red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, it is characterized in that, described step (S9) comprising:

Step (S91), on ready-made high furrow water furrow planting, ditch by the line-spacing of 15 ~ 20cm in furrow face, ditch depth is about about 10cm, wide about 5cm;

Step (S92), the base manure using the night soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed to make evenly is spread fertilizer over the fields in the seed furrow started broadcasting, after base manure is air-dry, sprinkle the element soil that 0.5 ~ 1cm is thick, seed is evenly sprinkling upon in ditch, at a distance of 1 ~ 2cm between seed, then sprinkle the thick earth of 3 ~ 5cm, compacting;

Step (S93), to be watered by the cultivation aqueous solution B in step (S85) and be filled in garden on the ground, seed was sprouted in 15 ~ 20 days;

Step (S94), on the seed do not germinateed, sprinkle ash, covering with plastic film on ash, cover one deck straw or mountain cogongrass on mulch film upper berth, ensure that the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 25 ~ 35 days in the environment of 15 ~ 22 DEG C; Afterwards, straw or mountain cogongrass are taken off emergency burial, the seed do not germinateed is cultivated 30 ~ 40 days in 10 ~ 12 DEG C of environment; Finally get rid of mulch film, the seed do not germinateed is at the cryogenic conditions of 0 ~ 5 DEG C, and after 15 ~ 20 days, seed is emerged at about 10 DEG C long shoots.

8. a kind of oil according to claim 1 red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, it is characterized in that, protectant described in step (S102) is made up of 2 part of 0.1% carbendazim aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 3 part of 0.25% gibberellin aqueous solution, and protectant uses three times continuously between 3 ~ April; Sterilization liquid is made up of 4 part of 0.02% Difenoconazole aqueous solution, 1 part of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 5 part of 0.3% gibberellin aqueous solution, uses sterilization liquid 3 ~ 5 times continuously.

9. a kind of oil according to claim 1 red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix, it is characterized in that, prevention and control of weeds method described in step (S103), for grassy weed, every mu adopts with 5% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil 25 ~ 35ml, carries out cauline leaf spraying process after adding the mixing of 35 ~ 40kg water.

10. the one oil red seedling-cultivating method of phoenix according to claim 2 or 4, is characterized in that, described farmyard manure selects one in the human excrement become thoroughly decomposed, the cow dung become thoroughly decomposed, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed or the house refuse of becoming thoroughly decomposed or its any combination.