CN111670768A - Loess arid region corn dry farming water-saving cultivation method - Google Patents
Loess arid region corn dry farming water-saving cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of corn cultivation, in particular to a loess arid region corn dry farming water-saving cultivation method, which adopts integrated operation of rotary tillage, drip tape laying, film mulching and sowing, wherein the narrow row is 40cm, the wide row is 60cm, the wide row is ridged, the drip tape is laid, the ridge is a rain collecting region, the ditch is a planting region, the slope of the rain collecting ridge is 35 degrees, and the ridge height is 30cm, and the direction is along east and west; mechanical hole sowing is carried out, degradable water absorption fiber balls are respectively embedded in the front, the back, the left side and the right side of each hole, the hole distance is 24-27 cm, the sowing depth is 3-4 cm, the row distance in a ditch is 40cm, and the planting density is 5000-; covering with plastic film 120cm wide and 0.08mm wide, fixing and pressing the edge with soil to prevent wind damage, covering with film 10d, and making holes every 50cm in furrow after the mulching film clings to the ridge surface or rains. The invention can improve the emergence rate and the survival rate of seedlings and can obviously improve the water utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of corn cultivation, in particular to a water-saving cultivation method for dry farming of corns in a loess drought region.
Background
Corn is the third crop in China and is also an important forage grass and feed source for the production of meat, eggs and milk of human beings, and the quantity of corn occupied by people is regarded as one of important marks for measuring the development of animal husbandry and the living standard of people in one country or one region. China is a large population, and corn also plays an important mission in guaranteeing national food safety as the most effective and flexible regulating variety. The corn is usually subjected to supplementary irrigation in a traditional flood irrigation mode in semiarid regions, so that the utilization rate of water and nutrients is low, soil hardening is serious, the groundwater level rises in local regions, and secondary salinization of the soil is aggravated. Therefore, in the dry land agricultural production, how to carry out water-saving cultivation on the corn, improve the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer, ensure the soil environment quality and enable the limited water resource to exert the maximum economic and ecological benefits is a major problem which needs to be solved urgently at present. Therefore, a reasonable and effective water-saving cultivation method is searched, and the method is a key technology for solving the problem of corn production in arid and semiarid regions in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a water-saving dry farming cultivation method for corns in a loess drought region, which can improve the emergence rate and the survival rate of seedlings and can obviously improve the water utilization rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a water-saving cultivation method for dry farming of corns in loess arid regions comprises the following steps:
s1, seed selection and treatment: selecting a high-resistance variety which is medium-late-maturing and suitable for close planting, removing mold and impurities from corn seeds, tedding for 1-3 days, putting the corn seeds into a seed soaking solution, soaking for 2-3 hours, taking out, and wrapping with a seed coating agent;
s2, land preparation and fertilization: removing the stubble and the residual film before planting, turning in autumn with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture in time, or turning in depth before sowing next year with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure at the bottom 2500kg-3000 kg/mu, pure N8 kg, P2O58-10kg of K2O 10, 10-15 kg/mu;
s3, rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and seeding:
in late ten days of 4 months, when the ground temperature at 5cm of a plough layer is stable and reaches 8-10 ℃ and the soil water content is 15%, sowing can be performed, the integrated operation of rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and sowing is adopted, the narrow row is 40cm, the wide row is 60cm, the wide row is ridged, the drip irrigation tape is laid, the ridge is a rain collecting area, the ditch is a planting area, the slope of the rain collecting ridge is 35 degrees, the ridge height is about 30cm, and the direction of the ridge is along east and west; mechanical hole sowing is carried out, degradable water absorption fiber balls are respectively embedded in the front, the back, the left side and the right side of each hole, the hole distance is 24-27 cm, the sowing depth is 3-4 cm, the row distance in a ditch is 40cm, and the planting density is 5000-; covering the soil with a plastic film with the width of 120cm and the width of 0.08mm, fixing and pressing the edge with soil to prevent the soil from being damaged by wind, covering the film for about 10d, and enabling the mulching film to be tightly attached to the ridge surface or punching holes in the furrows every 50cm after rainfall so that the collected water in the furrows can permeate into the soil in time;
s4, field management:
(1) timely final singling
Inspecting the seedling emergence condition at any time 7-10 days after sowing, and timely supplementing seedlings; 3-4 leaf thinning and final singling;
(2) intertillage weeding
Carrying out intertillage weeding for 2 times generally, carrying out shallow weeding in combination with thinning in the 1 st time, and carrying out weeding before the jointing stage of the corns in the 2 nd time;
(3) timely topdressing
Topdressing for 2 times, wherein the topdressing is carried out in the jointing stage and the emasculation stage of the corn respectively, pure N15kg, the jointing stage is 5kg, the emasculation stage is 10kg, and the topdressing can also be carried out by referring to the technical specification of the fertilization of the corn with DB 22/T2073-;
(4) pest control
S5, harvesting:
when the bracts turn yellow, the tips of the seeds have black layers, and the spikes can be easily peeled off for harvesting.
Further, the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
5 to 15 percent of tea polyphenol, 5 to 7 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 3 to 5 percent of potassium permanganate and the balance of water.
Further, the seed coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
2 to 4 percent of alternaria tenuissima protein, 3 to 6 percent of tebuconazole, 1 to 3 percent of triacontanol, 3 to 6 percent of gamma-PGA polyglutamic acid, 0.5 to 2 percent of film forming additive and the balance of water.
Furthermore, the degradable water-absorbing fiber balls are cellulose-based degradable water-absorbing fibers, the embedded depth is 3cm-4cm, a soil layer with the thickness of about 2cm is arranged between the degradable water-absorbing fiber balls and the seeds, and the degradable water-absorbing fiber balls on four sides of two adjacent seeds are arranged in a staggered mode.
Further, the laying depth of the drip irrigation tape is 5cm-6 cm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) drip irrigation under the membrane and combine the mode of collection rain ridge, the reduction that can be obvious is because the evaporation of water that the wind erosion leads to, realizes the reallocation to limited precipitation resource, and the application based on degradable water absorption fiber ball simultaneously can show improvement moisture utilization ratio.
2) By optimizing the formulas of the seed soaking agent and the seed coating agent, the emergence rate and the survival rate of seedlings can be obviously improved, so that the yield is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A water-saving cultivation method for dry farming of corns in loess arid regions comprises the following steps:
s1, seed selection and treatment: selecting a high-resistance variety which is medium-late-maturing and suitable for close planting, removing mold and impurities from corn seeds, tedding for 1-3 days, putting the corn seeds into a seed soaking solution, soaking for 2-3 hours, taking out, and wrapping with a seed coating agent;
s2, land preparation and fertilization: removing the stubble and the residual film before planting, turning in autumn with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture in time, or turning in depth before sowing next year with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure at the bottom 2500kg-3000 kg/mu, pure N8 kg, P2O58-10kg of K2O 10, 10-15 kg/mu;
s3, rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and seeding:
in late ten days of 4 months, when the ground temperature at 5cm of a plough layer is stable and reaches 8-10 ℃ and the soil water content is 15%, sowing can be performed, the integrated operation of rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and sowing is adopted, the narrow row is 40cm, the wide row is 60cm, the wide row is ridged, the drip irrigation tape is laid, the laying depth of the drip irrigation tape is 5cm-6cm, the ridge is a rain collection area, the ditch is a planting area, the slope of the rain collection ridge is 35 degrees, the ridge height is about 30cm, and the direction is along the east-west direction; mechanical hole sowing is carried out, degradable water absorption fiber balls are respectively embedded in the front, the rear, the left side and the right side of each hole, the four degradable water absorption fiber balls are connected in series through the degradable water absorption fibers to form a string, the hole distance is 24-27 cm, the sowing depth is 3-4 cm, the row distance in a ditch is 40cm, and the planting density is 5000-; covering the soil with a plastic film with the width of 120cm and the width of 0.08mm, fixing and pressing the edge with soil to prevent the soil from being damaged by wind, covering the film for about 10d, and enabling the mulching film to be tightly attached to the ridge surface or punching holes in the furrows every 50cm after rainfall so that the collected water in the furrows can permeate into the soil in time;
s4, field management:
(1) timely final singling
Inspecting the seedling emergence condition at any time 7-10 days after sowing, and timely supplementing seedlings; 3-4 leaf thinning and final singling;
(2) intertillage weeding
Carrying out intertillage weeding for 2 times generally, carrying out shallow weeding in combination with thinning in the 1 st time, and carrying out weeding before the jointing stage of the corns in the 2 nd time;
(3) timely topdressing
Topdressing for 2 times, wherein the topdressing is carried out in the jointing stage and the emasculation stage of the corn respectively, pure N15kg, the jointing stage is 5kg, the emasculation stage is 10kg, the fertilizer is applied by drip irrigation along with water, and the fertilizer can also be applied by referring to the technical specification of DB 22/T2073 and 2014 fertilizer application;
(4) pest control
S5, harvesting:
when the bracts turn yellow, the tips of the seeds have black layers, and the spikes can be easily peeled off for harvesting.
In this embodiment:
the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
5 to 15 percent of tea polyphenol, 5 to 7 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 3 to 5 percent of potassium permanganate and the balance of water.
The seed coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
2 to 4 percent of alternaria tenuissima protein, 3 to 6 percent of tebuconazole, 1 to 3 percent of triacontanol, 3 to 6 percent of gamma-PGA polyglutamic acid, 0.5 to 2 percent of film forming additive and the balance of water.
The degradable water-absorbing fiber balls are solid balls formed by winding cellulose-based degradable water-absorbing fibers, the particle size is about 15mm, the embedded depth is 3cm-4cm, the soil layer is about 2cm thick away from seeds, and the degradable water-absorbing fiber balls on four sides of every two adjacent seeds are arranged in a staggered mode.
Comparative example 1
A water-saving cultivation method for dry farming of corns in loess arid regions comprises the following steps:
s1, seed selection and treatment: selecting a high-resistance variety which is medium-late-maturing and suitable for close planting, removing mold and impurities from corn seeds, tedding for 1-3 days, putting the corn seeds into a seed soaking solution, soaking for 2-3 hours, taking out, and wrapping with a seed coating agent;
s2, land preparation and fertilization: removing the stubble and the residual film before planting, turning in autumn with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture in time, or turning in depth before sowing next year with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure at the bottom 2500kg-3000 kg/mu, pure N8 kg, P2O58-10kg of K2O 10, 10-15 kg/mu;
s3, rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and seeding:
in late ten days of 4 months, when the ground temperature at 5cm of a plough layer is stable and reaches 8-10 ℃ and the soil water content is 15%, sowing can be performed, the integrated operation of rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and sowing is adopted, the narrow row is 40cm, the wide row is 60cm, the wide row is ridged, the drip irrigation tape is laid, the laying depth of the drip irrigation tape is 5cm-6cm, the ridge is a rain collection area, the ditch is a planting area, the slope of the rain collection ridge is 35 degrees, the ridge height is about 30cm, and the direction is along the east-west direction; mechanical hole sowing is carried out, degradable water absorption fiber balls are respectively embedded in the front, the rear, the left side and the right side of each hole, the four degradable water absorption fiber balls are connected in series through the degradable water absorption fibers to form a string, the hole distance is 24-27 cm, the sowing depth is 3-4 cm, the row distance in a ditch is 40cm, and the planting density is 5000-; covering the soil with a plastic film with the width of 120cm and the width of 0.08mm, fixing and pressing the edge with soil to prevent the soil from being damaged by wind, covering the film for about 10d, and enabling the mulching film to be tightly attached to the ridge surface or punching holes in the furrows every 50cm after rainfall so that the collected water in the furrows can permeate into the soil in time;
s4, field management:
(1) timely final singling
Inspecting the seedling emergence condition at any time 7-10 days after sowing, and timely supplementing seedlings; 3-4 leaf thinning and final singling;
(2) intertillage weeding
Carrying out intertillage weeding for 2 times generally, carrying out shallow weeding in combination with thinning in the 1 st time, and carrying out weeding before the jointing stage of the corns in the 2 nd time;
(3) timely topdressing
Topdressing for 2 times, wherein the topdressing is carried out in the jointing stage and the emasculation stage of the corn respectively, pure N15kg, the jointing stage is 5kg, the emasculation stage is 10kg, the fertilizer is applied by drip irrigation along with water, and the fertilizer can also be applied by referring to the technical specification of DB 22/T2073 and 2014 fertilizer application;
(4) pest control
S5, harvesting:
when the bracts turn yellow, the tips of the seeds have black layers, and the spikes can be easily peeled off for harvesting.
In this embodiment:
the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
5 to 7 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 3 to 5 percent of potassium permanganate and the balance of water.
The seed coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
2 to 4 percent of alternaria tenuissima protein, 3 to 6 percent of tebuconazole, 1 to 3 percent of triacontanol, 3 to 6 percent of gamma-PGA polyglutamic acid, 0.5 to 2 percent of film forming additive and the balance of water.
The degradable water-absorbing fiber balls are solid balls formed by winding cellulose-based degradable water-absorbing fibers, the particle size is about 15mm, the embedded depth is 3cm-4cm, the soil layer is about 2cm thick away from seeds, and the degradable water-absorbing fiber balls on four sides of every two adjacent seeds are arranged in a staggered mode.
Comparative example 2
A water-saving cultivation method for dry farming of corns in loess arid regions comprises the following steps:
s1, seed selection and treatment: selecting a high-resistance variety which is medium-late-maturing and suitable for close planting, removing mold and impurities from corn seeds, tedding for 1-3 days, putting the corn seeds into a seed soaking solution, soaking for 2-3 hours, taking out, and wrapping with a seed coating agent;
s2, land preparation and fertilization: removing the stubble and the residual film before planting, turning in autumn with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture in time, or turning in depth before sowing next year with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure at the bottom 2500kg-3000 kg/mu, pure N8 kg, P2O58-10kg，K2O10-15 kg/mu;
s3, rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and seeding:
in late ten days of 4 months, when the ground temperature at 5cm of a plough layer is stable and reaches 8-10 ℃ and the soil water content is 15%, sowing can be performed, the integrated operation of rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and sowing is adopted, the narrow row is 40cm, the wide row is 60cm, the wide row is ridged, the drip irrigation tape is laid, the laying depth of the drip irrigation tape is 5cm-6cm, the ridge is a rain collection area, the ditch is a planting area, the slope of the rain collection ridge is 35 degrees, the ridge height is about 30cm, and the direction is along the east-west direction; mechanical hole sowing is carried out, the hole distance is 24-27 cm, the sowing depth is 3-4 cm, the row distance in the ditch is 40cm, and the planting density is 5000-; covering the soil with a plastic film with the width of 120cm and the width of 0.08mm, fixing and pressing the edge with soil to prevent the soil from being damaged by wind, covering the film for about 10d, and enabling the mulching film to be tightly attached to the ridge surface or punching holes in the furrows every 50cm after rainfall so that the collected water in the furrows can permeate into the soil in time;
s4, field management:
(1) timely final singling
Inspecting the seedling emergence condition at any time 7-10 days after sowing, and timely supplementing seedlings; thinning and final singling when the seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves;
(2) intertillage weeding
Carrying out intertillage weeding for 2 times generally, carrying out shallow weeding in combination with thinning in the 1 st time, and carrying out weeding before the jointing stage of the corns in the 2 nd time;
(3) timely topdressing
Topdressing for 2 times, wherein the topdressing is carried out in the jointing stage and the emasculation stage of the corn respectively, pure N15kg, the jointing stage is 5kg, the emasculation stage is 10kg, the fertilizer is applied by drip irrigation along with water, and the fertilizer can also be applied by referring to the technical specification of DB 22/T2073 and 2014 fertilizer application;
(4) pest control
S5, harvesting:
when the bracts turn yellow, the tips of the seeds have black layers, and the spikes can be easily peeled off for harvesting.
In this embodiment:
the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
5 to 15 percent of tea polyphenol, 5 to 7 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 3 to 5 percent of potassium permanganate and the balance of water.
The seed coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
2 to 4 percent of alternaria tenuissima protein, 3 to 6 percent of tebuconazole, 1 to 3 percent of triacontanol, 3 to 6 percent of gamma-PGA polyglutamic acid, 0.5 to 2 percent of film forming additive and the balance of water.
Comparative example 3
A water-saving cultivation method for dry farming of corns in loess arid regions comprises the following steps:
s1, seed selection and treatment: selecting a high-resistance variety which is medium-late-maturing and suitable for close planting, removing mold and impurities from corn seeds, tedding for 1-3 days, putting the corn seeds into a seed soaking solution, soaking for 2-3 hours, taking out, and wrapping with a seed coating agent;
s2, land preparation and fertilization: removing the stubble and the residual film before planting, turning in autumn with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture in time, or turning in depth before sowing next year with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure at the bottom 2500kg-3000 kg/mu, pure N8 kg, P2O58-10kg，K2O10-15 kg/mu;
s3, rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and seeding:
in late ten days of 4 months, when the ground temperature at 5cm of a plough layer is stable and reaches 8-10 ℃ and the soil water content is 15%, sowing can be performed, the integrated operation of rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and sowing is adopted, the narrow row is 40cm, the wide row is 60cm, the wide row is ridged, the drip irrigation tape is laid, the laying depth of the drip irrigation tape is 5cm-6cm, the ridge is a rain collection area, the ditch is a planting area, the slope of the rain collection ridge is 35 degrees, the ridge height is about 30cm, and the direction is along the east-west direction; mechanical hole sowing is carried out, degradable water absorption fiber balls are respectively embedded in the front, the rear, the left side and the right side of each hole, the four degradable water absorption fiber balls are connected in series through the degradable water absorption fibers to form a string, the hole distance is 24-27 cm, the sowing depth is 3-4 cm, the row distance in a ditch is 40cm, and the planting density is 5000-; covering the soil with a plastic film with the width of 120cm and the width of 0.08mm, fixing and pressing the edge with soil to prevent the soil from being damaged by wind, covering the film for about 10d, and enabling the mulching film to be tightly attached to the ridge surface or punching holes in the furrows every 50cm after rainfall so that the collected water in the furrows can permeate into the soil in time;
s4, field management:
(1) timely final singling
Inspecting the seedling emergence condition at any time 7-10 days after sowing, and timely supplementing seedlings; thinning and final singling when the seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves;
(2) intertillage weeding
Carrying out intertillage weeding for 2 times generally, carrying out shallow weeding in combination with thinning in the 1 st time, and carrying out weeding before the jointing stage of the corns in the 2 nd time;
(3) timely topdressing
Topdressing for 2 times, wherein the topdressing is carried out in the jointing stage and the emasculation stage of the corn respectively, pure N15kg, the jointing stage is 5kg, the emasculation stage is 10kg, and the topdressing can also be carried out by referring to the technical specification of the fertilization of the corn with DB 22/T2073-;
(4) pest control
S5, harvesting:
when the bracts turn yellow, the tips of the seeds have black layers, and the spikes can be easily peeled off for harvesting.
In this embodiment:
the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
5 to 15 percent of tea polyphenol, 5 to 7 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 3 to 5 percent of potassium permanganate and the balance of water.
The seed coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
3 to 6 percent of tebuconazole, 1 to 3 percent of triacontanol, 0.5 to 2 percent of film forming auxiliary agent and the balance of water.
The degradable water-absorbing fiber balls are solid balls formed by winding cellulose-based degradable water-absorbing fibers, the particle size is about 15mm, the embedded depth is 3cm-4cm, the soil layer is about 2cm thick away from seeds, and the degradable water-absorbing fiber balls on four sides of every two adjacent seeds are arranged in a staggered mode.
As a result: the water consumption of the whole planting period of the example 1, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 3 is reduced by 27-31 percentage points compared with the comparative example 2, the corn yield of the example 1 is the highest, the comparative example 2, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 3 are arranged in sequence, and the yield of the example 1 is increased by about 32.5% compared with the comparative example 3.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (5)
1. A water-saving cultivation method for dry farming of corn in loess arid regions is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, seed selection and treatment: selecting a high-resistance variety which is medium-late-maturing and suitable for close planting, removing mold and impurities from corn seeds, tedding for 1-3 days, putting the corn seeds into a seed soaking solution, soaking for 2-3 hours, taking out, and wrapping with a seed coating agent;
s2, land preparation and fertilization: removing the stubble and the residual film before planting, turning in autumn with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture in time, or turning in depth before sowing next year with the depth of 20-35 cm, raking and preserving soil moisture, applying thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure at the bottom 2500kg-3000 kg/mu, pure N8 kg, P2O58-10kg of K2O 10, 10-15 kg/mu;
s3, rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and seeding:
in late ten days of 4 months, when the ground temperature at 5cm of a plough layer is stable and reaches 8-10 ℃, and the soil water content is 15%, sowing can be performed, the integrated operation of rotary tillage, drip irrigation tape laying, film mulching and sowing is adopted, the narrow row is 40cm, the wide row is 60cm, the wide row is ridged, the drip irrigation tape is laid, the ridge is a rain collecting area, the ditch is a planting area, the slope of the rain collecting ridge is 35 degrees, the ridge height is 30cm, and the direction of the ridge is along east and west; mechanical hole sowing is carried out, degradable water absorption fiber balls are respectively embedded in the front, the back, the left side and the right side of each hole, the hole distance is 24-27 cm, the sowing depth is 3-4 cm, the row distance in a ditch is 40cm, and the planting density is 5000-; covering the soil with a plastic film with the width of 120cm and the width of 0.08mm, fixing and pressing the edge with soil to prevent the soil from being damaged by wind, covering the film for 10d, and enabling the mulching film to be tightly attached to the ridge surface or punching holes in the furrows every 50cm after rainfall so that the collected water in the furrows can timely infiltrate into the soil;
s4, field management:
(1) timely final singling
Inspecting the seedling emergence condition at any time 7-10 days after sowing, and timely supplementing seedlings; 3-4 leaf thinning and final singling;
(2) intertillage weeding
Cultivating and weeding for 2 times, hoeing shallow in combination with thinning for the 1 st time, and hoeing before the jointing stage of the corn for the 2 nd time;
(3) timely topdressing
Topdressing for 2 times, wherein the topdressing is carried out in the jointing stage and the tasseling stage of the corn respectively, and the topdressing is carried out in pure N15kg, 5kg in the jointing stage and 10kg in the tasseling stage;
(4) pest control
S5, harvesting:
when the bracts turn yellow, the tips of the seeds have black layers, and the spikes can be easily peeled off for harvesting.
2. The loess drought work water-saving cultivation method of corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seed soaking liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
5 to 15 percent of tea polyphenol, 5 to 7 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 3 to 5 percent of potassium permanganate and the balance of water.
3. The loess drought work water-saving cultivation method of corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seed coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
2 to 4 percent of alternaria tenuissima protein, 3 to 6 percent of tebuconazole, 1 to 3 percent of triacontanol, 3 to 6 percent of gamma-PGA polyglutamic acid, 0.5 to 2 percent of film forming additive and the balance of water.
4. The loess drought work water-saving cultivation method of corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the degradable water-absorbing fiber balls are cellulose-based degradable water-absorbing fibers, the embedded depth is 3cm-4cm, a soil layer with the thickness of 2cm is arranged between the degradable water-absorbing fiber balls and the seeds, and the degradable water-absorbing fiber balls on four sides of every two adjacent seeds are arranged in a staggered mode.
5. The loess drought work water-saving cultivation method of corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the laying depth of the drip irrigation tape is 5cm-6 cm.
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| CN115486350A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-12-20 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Water-saving irrigation method based on embedded water absorption unit |
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| CN118318685A (en) * | 2024-05-14 | 2024-07-12 | 东北农业大学 | Wheat furrow sowing and tectorial membrane planting control method |
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