CN104756722B - The crop rotation of a kind of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici and its cultural method - Google Patents
The crop rotation of a kind of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici and its cultural method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the crop rotation of a kind of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici and its cultural method, it is to plough plantation 1 year season of Herba bromi japonici or in two seasons of one year or 2 years three seasons in Alfalfa Growing after 4～6 years, then plants alfalfa again, repeats crop rotation；This method plantation Herba bromi japonici step includes：Alfalfa deep ploughing is turned over and weeding, Oatplanting, field management, and Herba bromi japonici harvests；Herba bromi japonici ploughs and Alfalfa Growing：Deep ploughing is turned over and weeding, Alfalfa Growing, field management, and alfalfa harvests.This method can effectively overcome alfalfa Auto toxicity and obtain fodder grass, can also be fixed on the nitrogen in soil using alfalfa., as a kind of excellent transition silos crop, period of duration is short for Herba bromi japonici, soil is required not strict, Herba bromi japonici green hay stem and leaf is nutritious, good palatability, and digestibility is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the alternating method of forage grass planting technology field, specifically a kind of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici.
Background technology
Constantly develop with China milk industry, the demand of high quality grass is continuously increased, 12 No.1 Central File carries
Go out " revitalizing milk industry Herba Medicaginiss developing activity ", domestic Herba Medicaginiss (Medicago sativa) cultivated area is stepped up.Generally Herba Medicaginiss
Meadow is able to maintain that, the productivity is gradually reduced afterwards 2～4 years.If now Planting Medicago sativa more again immediately, because Herba Medicaginiss contain
Water solublity suppression harmful bacteria, produces inhibitory action to the growth of new plantation Herba Medicaginiss, so will with other herbages or crop rotation again
Reseeding Herba Medicaginiss.
Herba Medicaginiss yield after using the 4th year is gradually reduced, and plants the soil of Herba Medicaginiss, and the interval short period plants again
Herba Medicaginiss, the growth to new plantation Herba Medicaginiss produces inhibitory action, and the Herba Medicaginiss Seedling root system development ploughing the same day direct sowing is suppressed,
Root length have dropped 10%～23%, Seedling Quality Down 38%～62% (Zhang Wenjie, Li Xianglin, Wan Liqiang, He Feng. turn over
The sowing impact to rear stubble alfalfa growing for the interval time. Practaculture Science, 2011,28 (1)：127-130.), long-term continuous cropping assumes in ground
" biological funnel " phenomenon that the accumulation of upper part biological amount is gradually reduced (Wang Jun, Liu Wenzhao, Zhong Liangping, Li Yushan. continuously plant for a long time
Plant the Spatial Difference of alfalfa grasslands Aboveground Biomass of Young and soil moisture. Acta Prataculture, 2009,18 (4)：41-46.).
Herba bromi japonici (Avena sativa), also known as having shell Herba bromi japonici, small bell wheat, is that a kind of excellent annual gramineae forage grass makees
Thing, is mainly planted in the provinces and regions such as the Inner Mongol, Hebei, Shanxi, Gansu, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Ningxia, Guizhou, Qinghai.Herba bromi japonici is liked
Feel nice and cool but can not resist cold, 15～25 DEG C of preference temperature, period of duration water requirement 360mm.Herba bromi japonici is not tight for the selection of soil, viscous
Soil, loam, bog soil all can be planted, with clay loam and sandy loam as optimum.Cradle the swallow of modulation at heading stage to milk stage
Wheat Radix Glycyrrhizae, soft texture, medium containing protein, sugar content is high, good palatability, and digestibility is high, and potassium content is low, rich in highly water soluble
Property carbohydrate, has the good reputation of " sweet Radix Glycyrrhizae ".
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the crop rotation of a kind of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici and its cultural method, with this method in purple
After Herba Trigonellae Ruthenicae is planted 4～6 years, plough plantation Herba bromi japonici, then plant alfalfa, repeat crop rotation.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The crop rotation of a kind of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici and its cultural method, are to plough plantation in Alfalfa Growing after 4～6 years
1 year season of Herba bromi japonici or in two seasons of one year or 2 years three seasons, then plant alfalfa again, repeat crop rotation；
This method is made up of following steps：
Ith, alfalfa is ploughed and Oatplanting：Alfalfa Growing plough after 4～6 years plantation 1 year season of Herba bromi japonici or
In two seasons of one year or 2 years three seasons；
I-a, deep ploughing are turned over and weeding：With during Herba bromi japonici crop rotation, plant 1 year season of Herba bromi japonici in first batch of alfalfa or second
After stubble cradles, make alfalfa toothing 4～5cm, plant Herba bromi japonici pond cultivating and 2 years three seasons early April spray Amchem 70-25 or
Trefanocide carries out soil treatment, then ploughs deeply alfalfa ground, and ploughed depth is 30～35cm, dry in the sun 7-10 days；
I-b, Oatplanting：In 1 year season, sow 6-7 is monthly, harvest a season then；Pond cultivating, (April in early spring
The middle ten days) sowing, harvest at the beginning of 7 months；Second season mid-July sowing after front stubble Herba bromi japonici harvesting, harvests mid-September；2 years three seasons, early spring
(mid-April) is sowed, and harvests at the beginning of 7 months；After front stubble Herba bromi japonici harvesting, mid-July is sowed for second, and mid-September harvests；Second Year is early
Spring (mid-April) broadcast again one season Herba bromi japonici, at the beginning of 7 months harvest；Machinery essence amount drilling, application rate 13～15kg/ mu, seed level 4～6cm,
Line-spacing 15～20cm；Apply base manure during sowing simultaneously, apply carbamide, compound fertilizer that calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix, wherein
Percentage by weight >=12% of N, percentage by weight >=18% of P, K percentage by weight >=21%, dose 10kg/ mu；
I-c, field management：
1. weed control：Seedling stage Herba bromi japonici is sensitive to medicament, and tillering stage is with 2, the 4-D butyl ester 300～600 spraying 72%
Times liquid prevents and kill off field broad leaved weed, and consumption is 50g～100g/ mu；
2. water and fertilizer management：Jointing stage, heading stage respectively impose carbamide 1 time, and the amount of imposing is 5～8kg/ mu, irrigate after fertilising；
I-d, Herba bromi japonici water content in harvest are heading stage to milk stage, and the harvesting frequency of Herba bromi japonici is 1 time；
IIth, Herba bromi japonici ploughs and Alfalfa Growing：Plough plantation alfalfa in Oatplanting after 1～2 year 4～6 years, tool
Body method is：
II-a, deep ploughing are turned over and weeding：When Herba bromi japonici florescence to milk stage, first aerial partss are cradled in advance, make Herba bromi japonici
Toothing 10～15cm, then sprays Amchem 70-25 or trefanocide carries out soil treatment, and Herba bromi japonici is ploughed deeply, ploughed depth be 20～
25cm, dry in the sun 7-10 days；
II-b, Alfalfa Growing：It is 1～1.5kg/ mu to mid or late July sowing, being uncoated the seed amount of broadcasting at the beginning of 6 months,
The capsuled seed amount of broadcasting is 1.5～2.0kg/ mu, suppresses depth to the seeder of 5～7cm using single-disc colter, land presser,
Machinery essence amount drilling, line-spacing 15～20cm, apply base manure, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10/mu, potassium sulfate 5 with seeder during sowing simultaneously
/ mu；
II-c, field management：
1. weed control：When alfalfa grows the 1st group of compound leaf or before the weeds 3 leaf phase, with 5% imazethapyr (5%
Lucerne grass is net) 100～200ml/ mu is watered 30～40L spraying to+5% Quizalotop-ethyl altogether, can prevent and kill off most of grass family miscellaneous simultaneously
Grass and broad leaved weed；
2. water and fertilizer management：Before raw alfalfa is turned green within 2 years, organic fertilizer 10/mu；After first batch cradles, administration carbamide,
The percentage by weight 10～12% of the compound fertilizer that calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix, wherein N, P percentage by weight 15～
18%th, K percentage by weight 21%, dose 10/mu；After second batch cradles, apply carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mixing
Compound fertilizer, the wherein percentage by weight 10～12% of N, the percentage by weight 15～18% of P, K percentage by weight 21%,
Dose 10/mu；Before entering the winter, apply potassium sulfate 4kg/ mu；Life in 2 years above fertilizer amount appropriateness increases by 10～15%, after fertilising
Irrigate；
II-d, alfalfa harvest time are early or mid June to mid or late September, and the number of times that alfalfa harvests is multiple；
Plough plantation Herba bromi japonici again after Alfalfa Growing 4～6 years, repeat step I and II implements next round alfalfa
The crop rotation of Herba bromi japonici.
In above-mentioned steps (I-a), concrete grammar is turned in deep ploughing and herbicide consumption is：With 48% Amchem 70-25 cream or 48% fluorine
Happy missible oil 200～250ml/ mu is watered 450～600L spraying, then adopts heavy duty harrow deeply to harrow 2 times, then be will be left in using spike-tooth harrow
Root system rake in soil removes, and is then diagonally raked the soil level with light rake using heavy duty harrow, the deep 14～18cm of heavy duty harrow, and light rake deeply 12～
14cm, treats soil dry in the sun 7～10 days.
In above-mentioned steps II-a, concrete grammar is turned in deep ploughing and herbicide consumption is：With 48% Amchem 70-25 cream or 48% fluorine pleasure
Missible oil 200～250ml/ mu is watered 450～600L spraying, then adopts heavy duty harrow deeply to harrow 2 times, then will be left in soil using spike-tooth harrow
Root system rake in earth removes, and is then diagonally raked the soil level with light rake using heavy duty harrow, the deep 14～18cm of heavy duty harrow, gently harrows deep 12～14cm,
Sow after soil dry in the sun 7～10 days.
In above-mentioned steps (II-a), Herba bromi japonici cradles and ploughed before milk stage.
Alfalfa of the present invention with the beneficial effect of the alternating method of Herba bromi japonici is：On the one hand pale reddish brown lucerne can effectively be overcome
Mu Auto toxicity simultaneously obtains fodder grass, on the other hand can also be fixed on the nitrogen in soil using alfalfa.Herba bromi japonici is as one
Plant excellent transition silos crop, period of duration is short, soil required strict, Herba bromi japonici green hay stem and leaf is nutritious, good palatability,
Digestibility is high.Alfalfa increases nitrogen fixation with the crop rotation of Herba bromi japonici, increases soil fertility, and increases soil organic matter content, carries
High soil permeability and the WUEL of succession crop, can increase the general activity of soil microorganism simultaneously.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
The alternating method of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici, is to plough plantation 1 year season of Herba bromi japonici in Alfalfa Growing after 4 years, so
Plough plantation alfalfa more afterwards, repeat crop rotation.In addition to the following alternating method of the present invention, remaining alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici
Implantation methods identical with the implantation methods of Herba bromi japonici with conventional alfalfa.
This alfalfa and the alternating method of Herba bromi japonici, specifically include following steps：
Ith, alfalfa is ploughed and Oatplanting：Plough plantation 1 year season of Herba bromi japonici in Alfalfa Growing after 4 years, specifically
Method is：
I-a, deep ploughing are turned over and weeding：With during Herba bromi japonici crop rotation, 1 year season after first batch of alfalfa cradles, make pale reddish brown
Herba Medicaginiss toothing 4～5cm, is watered 450L spraying with 48% Amchem 70-25 cream 200ml/ mu, then adopts heavy duty harrow (model 1BQX-
2.3) deeply harrow 2 times, then the root system rake that be will be left in using spike-tooth harrow in soil is removed, and then adopts heavy duty harrow and gently harrows (model 1BQX-
1.3) diagonally raked the soil level, the deep 14～18cm of heavy duty harrow, light rake 12～14cm deeply, treat soil dry in the sun 9 days；
I-b, Oatplanting：
1. planting environment condition：Chifeng Alukeerqin Banner Shao Gen town, temperate zone semiarid continental season in genus
Wind climatic province, average temperature of the whole year is 5.5 DEG C, and annual accumution is 2900～3400 DEG C, frost-free period 125-135d, mean annual precipitation
300～400mm.Soil organic matter content 0.97%, full nitrogen 0.06%, rapid available phosphorus 8.1mg/kg, available potassium 104mg/kg, for sand
Desertization soil, 50 mu of cultivated area.
2. sow：In 1 year season, in sowing mid-June, harvest a season then.Machinery essence amount drilling, application rate 13～
15kg/ mu, seed level 4～6cm, line-spacing 15～20cm.Apply base manure, administration carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix during sowing simultaneously
The compound fertilizer closed, the wherein percentage by weight 12% of N, the percentage by weight 18% of P, K percentage by weight 21%, dose
10kg/ mu；
I-c, field management：
1. weed control：Seedling stage is sensitive to medicament, and tillering stage is with 300～600 times of liquid of 2,4-D butyl ester spraying 72%
Prevent and kill off field broad leaved weed, consumption is 70g/ mu；
2. water and fertilizer management：Jointing stage, heading stage respectively impose carbamide 1 time, and the amount of imposing is 5～8kg/ mu, irrigate after fertilising；
I-d, Herba bromi japonici water content in harvest are heading stage to milk stage, and the harvesting frequency of Herba bromi japonici is 1 time；
IIth, Herba bromi japonici ploughs and Alfalfa Growing：Plough plantation alfalfa in Oatplanting after 1 year 4～6 years, specifically
Method is：
II-a, deep ploughing are turned over and weeding：When Herba bromi japonici florescence to milk stage, first aerial partss are cradled in advance, make Herba bromi japonici
Toothing 10～15cm, treats that Second Year is watered 450L spraying with 48% Amchem 70-25 cream 200ml/ mu mid-June, then adopts heavy duty harrow
(model 1BQX-2.3) harrows 2 times deeply, then the root system rake that be will be left in using spike-tooth harrow in soil is removed, and then adopts heavy duty harrow and light rake
(model 1BQX-1.3) is diagonally raked the soil level, the deep 14～18cm of heavy duty harrow, and light rake 12～14cm deeply treats soil dry in the sun 9 days；
II-b, Alfalfa Growing：Herba bromi japonici harvest after Second Year late June sowing, be uncoated the seed amount of broadcasting be 1～
1.5kg/ mu, the capsuled seed amount of broadcasting is 1.5～2.0kg/ mu, using single-disc colter, land presser suppression depth to 5～7cm
Seeder (agricultural machinery 4526 in model), line-spacing 15～20cm, apply base manure, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10 with seeder during sowing simultaneously
/ mu, potassium sulfate 5/mu；
II-c, field management：
1. weed control：When alfalfa grows the 1st group of compound leaf or before the weeds 3 leaf phase, with 5% imazethapyr (5%
Lucerne grass is net) 100ml～200ml/ mu is watered 30～40L spraying to+5% Quizalotop-ethyl altogether, can prevent and kill off most of grass family simultaneously
Weeds and broad leaved weed；
2. water and fertilizer management：Before raw alfalfa is turned green within 2 years, organic fertilizer 10/mu；After first batch cradles, administration carbamide,
The percentage by weight 12% of the compound fertilizer that calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix, wherein N, percentage by weight >=18% of P, K weight
Amount percentage ratio 21%, dose 10/mu；After second batch cradles, what administration carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mixed answers
The percentage by weight 12% in Hefei, wherein N, the percentage by weight 18% of P, K percentage by weight 21%, dose 10/mu；Enter
Before winter, apply potassium sulfate 4kg/ mu；Life in 2 years above fertilizer amount appropriateness increases by 10～15%, irrigates after fertilising；
II-d, alfalfa harvest time are early or mid June to mid or late September, and the number of times that alfalfa harvests is multiple；
Plough plantation Herba bromi japonici again after Alfalfa Growing 4～6 years, repeat step I and II implements next round alfalfa
The crop rotation of Herba bromi japonici.
Using above-mentioned rotation cropping technology compared with sequential cropping cultivation technology, can be embodied further by the data in table 1.
The yield of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici after table 1 alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici crop rotation and continuous cropping
From data above, using the method for the invention, every mu of alfalfa hay yield can be significantly improved
25.9%.
Embodiment 2：
Plough plantation Herba bromi japonici after 5 years in Alfalfa Growing in two seasons of one year, then plough plantation alfalfa again, repeat into
Road wheel is made.In addition to the following alternating method of the present invention, the implantation methods of remaining alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici and conventional alfalfa with
The implantation methods of Herba bromi japonici are identical.
This alfalfa and the alternating method of Herba bromi japonici, specifically include following steps：
Ith, alfalfa is ploughed and Oatplanting：Plough plantation Herba bromi japonici in Alfalfa Growing after 5 years in two seasons of one year, specifically
Method is：
I-a, deep ploughing are turned over and weeding：With during Herba bromi japonici crop rotation, in two seasons of one year ploughed in early April, with 48% trefanocide breast
Oily 250ml/ mu is watered 600L spraying, then adopts heavy duty harrow (model 1BQX-2.3) deeply to harrow 2 times, then will be left in soil using spike-tooth harrow
Root system rake in earth removes, and then adopts heavy duty harrow diagonally to be raked the soil level with light rake (model 1BQX-1.3), the deep 14～18cm of heavy duty harrow, gently
Deep 12～the 14cm of rake, treats soil dry in the sun 10 days；
I-b, Oatplanting：
1. plantation place, natural environment, edaphic condition are same as Example 1,30 mu of cultivated area.
2. sow：In two seasons of one year, early spring (mid-April) is sowed, and harvests at the beginning of 7 months；Mid-July second after front stubble Herba bromi japonici harvesting
Season is sowed, and mid-September harvests.Machinery essence amount drilling, application rate 13～15kg/ mu, seed level 4～6cm, line-spacing 15～20cm.Broadcast
Apply base manure, the compound fertilizer that administration carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix, the wherein percentage by weight of N when planting simultaneously
12%th, the percentage by weight 18% of P, K percentage by weight 21%, dose 10kg/ mu；
I-c, field management：
1. weed control：Seedling stage is sensitive to medicament, and tillering stage is with 400～600 times of liquid of 2,4-D butyl ester spraying 72%
Prevent and kill off field broad leaved weed, consumption is 80g/ mu；
2. water and fertilizer management：Jointing stage, heading stage respectively impose carbamide 1 time, and the amount of imposing is 5～8kg/ mu, irrigate after fertilising；
Before I-d, Herba bromi japonici water content in harvest are heading stage to milk stage, the harvesting frequency of Herba bromi japonici is 1 time；
IIth, Herba bromi japonici ploughs and Alfalfa Growing：Plough plantation alfalfa in Oatplanting after 1 year 4～6 years, specifically
Method is：
II-a, deep ploughing are turned over and weeding：When Herba bromi japonici florescence to milk stage, first aerial partss are cradled in advance, make Herba bromi japonici
Toothing 10～15cm, treats that Second Year was watered 600L spraying with 48% trifluralin ec 250ml/ mu at the beginning of 6 months, then adopts heavy duty harrow
(model 1BQX-2.3) harrows 2 times deeply, then the root system rake that be will be left in using spike-tooth harrow in soil is removed, and then adopts heavy duty harrow and light rake
(model 1BQX-1.3) is diagonally raked the soil level, the deep 14～18cm of heavy duty harrow, and light rake 12～14cm deeply treats soil dry in the sun 10 days；
II-b, Alfalfa Growing：Herba bromi japonici harvest after Second Year mid-June sow, be uncoated the seed amount of broadcasting be 1～
1.5kg/ mu, the capsuled seed amount of broadcasting is 1.5～2.0kg/ mu, using single-disc colter, land presser suppression depth to 5～7cm
Seeder (agricultural machinery 4526 in model), line-spacing 15～20cm, apply base manure, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10 with seeder during sowing simultaneously
/ mu, potassium sulfate 5/mu；
II-c, field management：
1. weed control：When alfalfa grows the 1st group of compound leaf or before the weeds 3 leaf phase, with 5% imazethapyr (5%
Lucerne grass is net) 100ml～200ml/ mu is watered 30～40L spraying to+5% Quizalotop-ethyl altogether, can prevent and kill off most of grass family simultaneously
Weeds and broad leaved weed；
2. water and fertilizer management：Before raw alfalfa is turned green within 2 years, organic fertilizer 10/mu；After first batch cradles, administration carbamide,
The percentage by weight 10% of the compound fertilizer that calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix, wherein N, the percentage by weight 15% of P, K weight
Percentage ratio 21%, dose 10/mu；After second batch cradles, it is compound that administration carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix
The percentage by weight 10% of fertilizer, wherein N, the percentage by weight 15% of P, K percentage by weight 21%, dose 10/mu；Enter the winter
Before, apply potassium sulfate 4kg/ mu；Life in 2 years above fertilizer amount appropriateness increases by 10～15%, irrigates after fertilising；
II-d, alfalfa harvest time are early or mid June to mid or late September, and the number of times that alfalfa harvests is multiple；
Plough plantation Herba bromi japonici again after Alfalfa Growing 4～6 years, repeat step I and II implements next round alfalfa
The crop rotation of Herba bromi japonici.
Using above-mentioned rotation cropping technology compared with sequential cropping cultivation technology, can be embodied further by the data in table 2.
The yield of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici after table 2 alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici crop rotation and continuous cropping
From table 2 data, using the method for the invention, every mu of alfalfa hay yield can be significantly improved
28.0%.
Embodiment 3：
Plough plantation 2 years three seasons of Herba bromi japonici after Alfalfa Growing 6, then plough plantation alfalfa again, repeat
Crop rotation.In addition to the following alternating method of the present invention, the implantation methods of remaining alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici and conventional alfalfa and swallow
The implantation methods of wheat are identical.
This alfalfa and the alternating method of Herba bromi japonici, specifically include following steps：
Ith, alfalfa is ploughed and Oatplanting：Plough plantation 2 years three seasons of Herba bromi japonici in Alfalfa Growing after 6 years, specifically
Method is：
I-a, deep ploughing are turned over and weeding：With during Herba bromi japonici crop rotation, the ploughing in early April of 2 years three seasons, with 48% trefanocide breast
Oily 250ml/ mu is watered 600L spraying, then adopts heavy duty harrow (model 1BQX-2.3) deeply to harrow 2 times, then will be left in soil using spike-tooth harrow
Root system rake in earth removes, and then adopts heavy duty harrow diagonally to be raked the soil level with light rake (model 1BQX-1.3), the deep 14～18cm of heavy duty harrow, gently
Deep 12～the 14cm of rake, treats soil dry in the sun 10 days；
I-b, Oatplanting：
1. plantation place, environment, edaphic condition are same as Example 1,40 mu of cultivated area.
2. sow：In 2 years three seasons, early spring (mid-April) is sowed, and harvests at the beginning of 7 months；Mid-July second after front stubble Herba bromi japonici harvesting
Secondary sowing, mid-September harvests；Second Year early spring (mid-April) broadcast again one season Herba bromi japonici, at the beginning of 7 months harvest.Machinery essence amount drilling, broadcasts
Plant amount 13～15kg/ mu, seed level 4～6cm, line-spacing 15～20cm.Apply base manure during sowing simultaneously, apply carbamide, calcium superphosphate,
The percentage by weight 12% of the compound fertilizer that potassium sulfate mixes, wherein N, the percentage by weight 18% of P, K percentage by weight
21%, dose 10kg/ mu；
I-c, field management：
1. weed control：Seedling stage is sensitive to medicament, and tillering stage is with 300～600 times of liquid of 2,4-D butyl ester spraying 72%
Prevent and kill off field broad leaved weed, consumption is 90g/ mu；
2. water and fertilizer management：Jointing stage, heading stage respectively impose carbamide 1 time, and the amount of imposing is 5～8kg/ mu, irrigate after fertilising；
Before I-d, Herba bromi japonici water content in harvest are heading stage to milk stage, the harvesting frequency of Herba bromi japonici is 1 time；
IIth, Herba bromi japonici ploughs and Alfalfa Growing：Plough plantation alfalfa in Oatplanting after 2 years 4～6 years, specifically
Method is：
II-a, deep ploughing are turned over and weeding：When Herba bromi japonici florescence to milk stage, first aerial partss are cradled in advance, make Herba bromi japonici
Toothing 10～15cm, is watered 600L spraying with 48% trifluralin ec 250ml/ mu, then adopts heavy duty harrow (model 1BQX-2.3)
Deeply harrow 2 times, then the root system rake that be will be left in using spike-tooth harrow in soil is removed, then adopt heavy duty harrow to enter with light harrow (model 1BQX-1.3)
Row is diagonally raked the soil level, the deep 14～18cm of heavy duty harrow, and light rake 12～14cm deeply treats soil dry in the sun 10 days；
II-b, Alfalfa Growing：In mid or late July sowing, being uncoated the seed amount of broadcasting is 1～1.5kg/ mu, pelleted seed
The son amount of broadcasting is 1.5～2.0kg/ mu, suppresses depth to the seeder (in model of 5～7cm using single-disc colter, land presser
Agricultural machinery 4526), line-spacing 15～20cm, apply base manure with seeder during sowing simultaneously, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10/mu, potassium sulfate 5/
Mu；
II-c, field management：
1. weed control：When alfalfa grows the 1st group of compound leaf or before the weeds 3 leaf phase, with 5% imazethapyr (5%
Lucerne grass is net) 100ml～200ml/ mu is watered 30～40L spraying to+5% Quizalotop-ethyl altogether, can prevent and kill off most of grass family simultaneously
Weeds and broad leaved weed；
2. water and fertilizer management：Before raw alfalfa is turned green within 2 years, organic fertilizer 10/mu；After first batch cradles, administration carbamide,
The percentage by weight 10% of the compound fertilizer that calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix, wherein N, the percentage by weight 15% of P, K weight
Percentage ratio 21%, dose 10/mu；After second batch cradles, it is compound that administration carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix
The percentage by weight 10% of fertilizer, wherein N, the percentage by weight 15% of P, K percentage by weight 21%, dose 10/mu；Enter the winter
Before, apply potassium sulfate 4kg/ mu；Life in 2 years above fertilizer amount appropriateness increases by 10～15%, irrigates after fertilising；
II-d, alfalfa harvest time are to broadcast rear Second Year early or mid June to mid or late September, and alfalfa harvests
Number of times is multiple；
Plough plantation Herba bromi japonici again after Alfalfa Growing 4-6, repeat step I and II implements next round alfalfa swallow
The crop rotation of wheat.
Using above-mentioned rotation cropping technology compared with sequential cropping cultivation technology, can be embodied further by the data in table 3.
The yield of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici after table 3 alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici crop rotation and continuous cropping
From data above, using the method for the invention, every mu of alfalfa hay yield can be significantly improved
38.4%.
Finally it should be noted that：The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, although
With reference to the foregoing embodiments the present invention is described in detail, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be right
Technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments is modified, or carries out equivalent to wherein some technical characteristics.All
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made etc., should be included in the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (4)
1. the crop rotation of a kind of alfalfa and Herba bromi japonici and its cultural method it is characterised in that：It is in Alfalfa Growing 4～6
Plough plantation 1 year season of Herba bromi japonici or in two seasons of one year or 2 years three seasons after year, then plant alfalfa again, repeat crop rotation；
This method is made up of following steps：
Ith, alfalfa is ploughed and Oatplanting：Plough plantation Herba bromi japonici 1 year season or 1 year in Alfalfa Growing after 4～6 years
Two seasons or 2 years three seasons；
I-a, deep ploughing are turned over and weeding：With during Herba bromi japonici crop rotation, plant 1 year season of Herba bromi japonici, cut for first batch or second batch in alfalfa
After cutting, make alfalfa toothing 4～5cm, kind Herba bromi japonici pond cultivating and 2 years three seasons sprays Amchem 70-25 or fluorine pleasure in early April
Spirit carries out soil treatment, then ploughs deeply alfalfa ground, and ploughed depth is 30～35cm, dry in the sun 7-10 days；
I-b, Oatplanting：In 1 year season, sow 6-7 is monthly, harvest a season then；Pond cultivating, mid-April is sowed, and 7
The beginning of the month harvests；Second season mid-July sowing after front stubble Herba bromi japonici harvesting, harvests mid-September；In 2 years three seasons, mid-April is sowed, July
Just harvest；After front stubble Herba bromi japonici harvesting, mid-July is sowed for second, and mid-September harvests；Second Year broadcast again mid-April one season Herba bromi japonici,
Harvest at the beginning of 7 months；Machinery essence amount drilling, application rate 13～15kg/ mu, seed level 4～6cm, line-spacing 15～20cm；Apply during sowing simultaneously
Enter base manure, the compound fertilizer that administration carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix, the wherein weight of percentage by weight >=12% of N, P
Amount percentage ratio >=18%, K percentage by weight >=21%, dose 10kg/ mu；
I-c, field management：
1. weed control：Seedling stage Herba bromi japonici is sensitive to medicament, and tillering stage is with 300～600 times of liquid of 2,4-D butyl ester spraying 72%
Prevent and kill off field broad leaved weed, consumption is 50g～100g/ mu；
2. water and fertilizer management：Jointing stage, heading stage respectively impose carbamide 1 time, and the amount of imposing is 5～8kg/ mu, irrigate after fertilising；
I-d, Herba bromi japonici water content in harvest are heading stage to milk stage, and the harvesting frequency of Herba bromi japonici is 1 time；
IIth, Herba bromi japonici ploughs and Alfalfa Growing：Plough plantation alfalfa in Oatplanting after 1～2 year 4～6 years, specifically side
Method is：
II-a, deep ploughing are turned over and weeding：When Herba bromi japonici florescence to milk stage, first aerial partss are cradled in advance, make Herba bromi japonici toothing
10～15cm, then sprays Amchem 70-25 or trefanocide carries out soil treatment, and Herba bromi japonici is ploughed deeply, and ploughed depth is 20～25cm,
Dry in the sun 7-10 days；
II-b, Alfalfa Growing：It is 1～1.5kg/ mu to mid or late July sowing, being uncoated the seed amount of broadcasting at the beginning of 6 months, coating
The seed amount of broadcasting is 1.5～2.0kg/ mu, suppresses depth to the seeder of 5～7cm, machinery using single-disc colter, land presser
Essence amount drilling, line-spacing 15～20cm, apply base manure with seeder during sowing simultaneously, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10/mu, potassium sulfate 5/
Mu；
II-c, field management：
1. weed control：When alfalfa grows the 1st group of compound leaf or before the weeds 3 leaf phase, with the smart quinoline of 5% imazethapyr+5%
Standing grain spirit has 100～200ml/ mu altogether and is watered 30～40L spraying, can prevent and kill off most of grassy weed and broad leaved weed simultaneously；
2. water and fertilizer management：Before raw alfalfa is turned green within 2 years, organic fertilizer 10/mu；After first batch cradles, apply carbamide, cross phosphorus
The percentage by weight 10～12% of the compound fertilizer that sour calcium, potassium sulfate mix, wherein N, the percentage by weight 15～18% of P, K
Percentage by weight 21%, dose 10/mu；After second batch cradles, administration carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix
The percentage by weight 10～12% of compound fertilizer, wherein N, the percentage by weight 15～18% of P, K percentage by weight 21%, dose
10/mu；Before entering the winter, apply potassium sulfate 4kg/ mu；Life in 2 years above fertilizer amount appropriateness increases by 10～15%, irrigates after fertilising；
II-d, alfalfa harvest time are early or mid June to mid or late September, and the number of times that alfalfa harvests is multiple；
Plough plantation Herba bromi japonici again after Alfalfa Growing 4～6 years, repeat step I and II implements next round alfalfa Herba bromi japonici
Crop rotation.
2. the crop rotation of alfalfa according to claim 1 and Herba bromi japonici and its cultural method it is characterised in that：Above-mentioned steps
In I-a, concrete grammar is turned in deep ploughing and herbicide consumption is：With 48% Amchem 70-25 cream or 48% trifluralin ec 200～250ml/
Mu is watered 450～600L spraying, then adopts heavy duty harrow deeply to harrow 2 times, then the root system rake that be will be left in using spike-tooth harrow in soil is removed, so
Diagonally raked the soil level with light rake using heavy duty harrow afterwards, the deep 14～18cm of heavy duty harrow, gently harrows deep 12～14cm, treats soil dry in the sun 7-10 days.
3. the crop rotation of alfalfa according to claim 1 and Herba bromi japonici and its cultural method it is characterised in that：Above-mentioned steps
In II-a, concrete grammar is turned in deep ploughing and herbicide consumption is：With 48% Amchem 70-25 cream or 48% trifluralin ec 200～
250ml/ mu is watered 450～600L spraying, then adopts heavy duty harrow deeply to harrow 2 times, then will be left in the root system in soil using spike-tooth harrow
Rake removes, and is then diagonally raked the soil level with light rake using heavy duty harrow, the deep 14～18cm of heavy duty harrow, gently harrows deep 12～14cm, treats soil dry in the sun
Sow after 7-10 days.
4. the crop rotation of alfalfa according to claim 1 and Herba bromi japonici and its cultural method it is characterised in that：Above-mentioned steps
In II-a, Herba bromi japonici cradles and ploughed before milk stage.
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| CN105850414A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Technical method for cutting and field management of medicago sativa |
| CN105875165A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-08-24 | 塔里木大学 | Method using shallow-buried drip irrigation and protected sowing to cultivate alfalfa in arid areas |
| CN105940924B (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2019-04-12 | 谢庭生 | The method that Alfalfa southern China is efficiently planted |
| CN105993489A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 谢庭生 | Soil improvement method for continuous cotton planting dry land by cotton-grass rotation in southern meadow soil area |
| CN106489506A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-15 | 黄家七 | A kind of oat and alfalfa crop rotation method |
| CN106613239A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | Plastic-mulch covering planting method for oats |
| CN107047020A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-18 | 重庆市润林农业发展有限公司 | A kind of high yield Alfalfa planting technology |
| RU2670165C1 (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-10-18 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Кабардино-Балкарский государственный аграрный университет им. В.М. Кокова" (ФГБОУ ВО Кабардино-Балкарский ГАУ) | Method of feed crops growing |
| CN109511489A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-26 | 大禹节水（天津）有限公司 | Barley and alfalfa implantation methods by turns |
| CN110291945A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-01 | 乌兰察布市草原工作站 | A kind of cold area in north barley Multiple cropping oats good quality and high output forage grass cultivation technique |
| CN112493059A (en) * | 2020-11-29 | 2021-03-16 | 榆林学院 | Protective sowing cultivation method for spring sowing oat summer sowing alfalfa in windy and sandy beach land |
| CN116171813A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-05-30 | 兰州大学 | Grain and grass rotation method for expanding soil reservoir capacity in northern dry-farming area |
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