CN102144481A - Cultivation method for controlling content of arsenic in chillies - Google Patents
Cultivation method for controlling content of arsenic in chillies Download PDFInfo
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- CN102144481A CN102144481A CN 201010613608 CN201010613608A CN102144481A CN 102144481 A CN102144481 A CN 102144481A CN 201010613608 CN201010613608 CN 201010613608 CN 201010613608 A CN201010613608 A CN 201010613608A CN 102144481 A CN102144481 A CN 102144481A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivation method for controlling the content of arsenic in chillies, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural plantation. The method mainly solves the problem that the content of the arsenic in soil of Qiubei chilli cultivated field seriously exceeds the standard at present; and the control of the N, P and K application proportion and the reduction of the transfer amount of the arsenic in the soil toward overground parts and fruits of the chillies by appropriately applying phosphate fertilizers in plantation management are favorable for improving the quality of the chillies. The method comprises the following steps of: during plantation, applying 18,750kg of fully decayed organic fertilizer and 876 to 964kg of fertilizer special for chillies serving as base fertilizers in each hectare of ditches; in a blossom and fruit period, preventing excessive vegetative growth of plants, blossom drop and fruit drop caused by watering too much, and applying 438 to 482kg of fertilizer special for chillies once in each hectare at the same time; in a fruit swelling period, appropriately increasing watering times, and applying 438 to 482kg of fertilizer special for chillies in each hectare; and in a full fruit period, spraying 0.3 percent monopotassium phosphate and 0.3 percent urea on leaves once every 7 to 10 days for additional fertilizer application. The invention provides a chilli arsenic content control cultivation technology which is simple and convenient, easy to grasp and low in investment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of capsicum arsenic content control culture technique, belong to the agricultural planting technique field.
Background technology
Arsenic is a kind of poisonous, carcinogenic nonmetalloid, arsenic is one of important both at home and abroad environmental problem to the pollution of water body and soil, report is all arranged in the world, comparatively serious on Yunnan Province of China, Shanxi, the Inner Mongol, Xinjiang and other places, this background value with local exploitation of mineral resources and arsenic is higher relevant.The Qiubei County is positioned at the southeast, Yunnan Province, is described as " township of Chinese capsicum ".The Qiubei capsicum is vegetables and the flavouring that is loved by the people, and also is local important characteristic crop and has products for export significant advantage, famous.Yet owing to the geology reason, Qiubei County arsenic in soil content severe overweight does not reach the requirement of non-polluted farm product home environment quality standard, the harm that the formation and development of Qiubei capsicum industry is had reality and potentiality.Arsenic mainly is the operation that hinders moisture in the pepper plant to the harm of capsicum, influence the absorption of capsicum to moisture and nutrition, arsenic is also grown chili growth by the metabolism that influences phosphorus and is suppressed, and destruction chlorophyll content, thereby influence the yield and quality of capsicum, even also can further have influence on human beings'health by enrichment.Simultaneously,, do not take any control measure, make the yield and quality of Qiubei capsicum be subjected to certain influence because Qiubei pepper planting long-term existence extensive management has been ignored the potential danger of Qiubei plantation capsicum arsenic in soil to pepper plant and fruit transfer.
The technology of control arsenic in soil enrichment in plant corpus at present mainly comprises three types, and first kind is the recovery technique that arsenic in soil pollutes, and second kind is that the crop of not enrichment arsenic is planted in screening; The third is the agriculture control technique (phosphate fertilizer regulation and control, reduction soil pH value, an amount of application of organic fertilizers) that arsenic in soil pollutes.Wherein preceding two kinds of measures still are in theoretical research stage, and practical application yet there are no report, and it is more, time-consuming to have a fund input that needs, and take problem such as farming stubble, are difficult to specifically be used in agricultural production.And agriculture control technique is the feasible technology of a kind of reality, as long as suitable operation, effect is very obvious.Wherein pH value regulation and control, in the scope of pH value 2～7, soil is stronger to the absorption affinity of arsenic, about pH=4, the adsorbing capacity maximum, so pH is about 4 in control, can make the absorption minimum of crop to arsenic, and local soil pH originally just is acid, therefore think to control more accurately pH=4, basic row is obstructed on the method, and adopting phosphate fertilizer regulation and control, an amount of application of organic fertilizers regulation and control is feasible measure comparatively.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to pepper planting ground, present Qiubei arsenic in soil content severe overweight, has the reality that causes the potential danger that arsenic exceeds standard in the capsicum, overcome the limitation of other control method, a kind of easy, easy grasp, the low capsicum arsenic content control culture technique that drops into are provided, control N, P, K Application Ratio in land for growing field crops field planting and management, suitably use phosphate fertilizer and reduce the transfer amount of arsenic in soil in capsicum acrial part and fruit, help the raising of capsicum quality.
Comprehensive above thinking, the capsicum arsenic content that provides control culture technique key step is as follows:
(1) grows seedlings
Before the annual rainwater joint, select soil property, physical features better, the seedbed is done in the plot that is difficult for taking place damage by disease and insect, uses sufficient base fertilizer, and whole furrow and carrying out are basked seeds, sterilized, seed soaking, vernalization etc. can be sowed;
Water vola water before the sowing earlier, carry out soil disinfection, insect protected then; The even thin argol soil of lid layer 0.5-0.8 cm thick after planting at furrow face upper berth one deck straw, encircles into little shed; Sowing is noted heating preserving moisture before emerge;
(2) field planting
Select suitable plot, with the beddings of 2.0 meters trench diggings, wherein 15 centimetres of ditch depths, furrow width 20-25 centimetre, clean furrow face has 1.75 meters; The fertilizer 18750kg that the per hectare ditch spread is fully become thoroughly decomposed, chili special-purpose fertilizer 876kg～964kg makes base fertilizer; Plastic mulching improves soil temperature, water conservation and soil moisture conservation;
Can field planting when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 ℃; The common spacing in the rows 30-35 of plantation density centimetre, mu is planted the 4500-4800 strain;
(3) field management
Bloom the phase of bearing fruit: owing to enter pepper plant growth animated period, before fruit is sat, water less, prevent that because of excess moisture plant vegetative growth is prosperous excessively, cause fallen flowers, shedding, the while spraying fertilizer once, per hectare applies chili special-purpose fertilizer 438～482kg;
Fruit expanding period, suitably increase and water, and carry out topdressing the second time: per hectare applies chili special-purpose fertilizer 438～482kg; Impel robust plant growth and fruit development; Contain phase 7-10 days with a potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% and a foliage spray of urea foliage-spray of 0.3% in the result.Note ditch cleaning water drainage, intertillage, Pest management etc. simultaneously.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows by using of the absorption of phosphate fertilizer regulation and control capsicum in right amount arsenic in soil.Its mechanism is mainly based on the antagonism of P5+ and As3+, phosphate and arsenate adopt the same absorbent system in plant, P and As are transported in the root of plant by common carrier, P is stronger than As in the affinity of plasmalemma carrier, therefore P restriction plant improves the absorption that phosphate content can reduce arsenic to the absorption of As.But phosphate fertilizer is not The more the better, the too high release that phosphate fertilizer can increase arsenic in soil, the plant availability of arsenic in soil release may raising arsenic used.Therefore, an amount of P fertilizer that enriches is to realize key technology of the present invention, adopts chili special-purpose fertilizer, and per hectare is used P
2O
5100～110kg, wherein base manure accounts for 50%, topdresses 25% flowering stage, and fruit expanding period topdresses 25%, can effectively reduce the transfer amount of arsenic in soil in capsicum acrial part and fruit.The application of complete set technology helps the raising of yield of hot pepper and quality; Cut this technology and use convenient, grasp easily, be suitable for the country practical situation, be convenient to the peasant and use, become more readily available and apply in the field.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
Special-purpose fertile making:
1. with 28 parts in urea, 43 parts of superphosphate, 24 parts of potassium sulphates, 2 parts of (by weight) mixings of peat composed of rotten mosses;
2. the raw material of mixing is fully pulverized;
3. make raw material after the pulverizing fully by the sieve of 1mm, obtain special-purpose fertile;
4. carry out metering packing to crossing the special-purpose fertile of 1mm sieve for every bag by 50kg, obtain the chili special-purpose fertilizer finished product.
Step of the present invention:
(1) grows seedlings
Before the annual rainwater joint, select soil property, physical features better, the seedbed is done in the plot that is difficult for taking place damage by disease and insect, uses sufficient base fertilizer, and whole furrow and carrying out are basked seeds, sterilized, seed soaking, vernalization etc. can be sowed;
Water vola water before the sowing earlier, carry out soil disinfection, insect protected then; The even thin argol soil of lid layer 0.5 cm thick after planting at furrow face upper berth one deck straw, encircles into little shed; Sowing is noted heating preserving moisture before emerge;
(2) field planting
Select suitable plot, with the beddings of 2.0 meters trench diggings, wherein 15 centimetres of ditch depths, 20 centimetres of furrow widths, clean furrow face has 1.75 meters; The fertilizer 18750kg that the per hectare ditch spread is fully become thoroughly decomposed, chili special-purpose fertilizer 876kg makes base fertilizer; Plastic mulching improves soil temperature, water conservation and soil moisture conservation;
Can field planting when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 ℃; 30 centimetres of the common spacing in the rows of plantation density, mu is planted 4500 strains;
(3) field management
Bloom the phase of bearing fruit: owing to enter pepper plant growth animated period, before fruit is sat, water less, prevent that because of excess moisture plant vegetative growth is prosperous excessively, cause fallen flowers, shedding, the while spraying fertilizer once, per hectare applies chili special-purpose fertilizer 438kg;
Fruit expanding period, suitably increase and water, and carry out topdressing the second time: per hectare applies chili special-purpose fertilizer 438kg; Impel robust plant growth and fruit development; Contain 7 days phases with a potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% and a foliage spray of urea foliage-spray of 0.3% in the result.Note ditch cleaning water drainage, intertillage, Pest management etc. simultaneously.
Fertilizer test is established two processing.Handling 1 is: present embodiment.Handling 2 is: farmyard manure 20000kg/ hectare, and superphosphate 750kg/ hectare, potassium sulphate 150kg/ hectare, urea 75kg/ hectare are made base fertilizer; Impose 300kg/ hectare urea after the field planting 2-3 week and topdress, fruit expanding period is executed chili special-purpose fertilizer 300kg/ hectare and is topdressed for the second time.
| Test method | Output kg/ hectare | As content (mg/kg) in the capsicum |
| Handle 1 | 2782 | 0.28 |
| Handle 2 | 2330 | 0.46 |
Embodiment two
Special-purpose fertile making:
1. with 33 parts in urea, 56 parts of superphosphate, 28 parts of potassium sulphates, 2 parts of (by weight) mixings of peat composed of rotten mosses;
2. the raw material of mixing is fully pulverized;
3. make raw material after the pulverizing fully by the sieve of 1mm, obtain special-purpose fertile;
4. carry out metering packing to crossing the special-purpose fertile of 1mm sieve for every bag by 50kg, obtain the chili special-purpose fertilizer finished product.
Step of the present invention:
(1) grows seedlings
Before the annual rainwater joint, select soil property, physical features better, the seedbed is done in the plot that is difficult for taking place damage by disease and insect, uses sufficient base fertilizer, and whole furrow and carrying out are basked seeds, sterilized, seed soaking, vernalization etc. can be sowed;
Water vola water before the sowing earlier, carry out soil disinfection, insect protected then; The even thin argol soil of lid layer 0.8 cm thick after planting at furrow face upper berth one deck straw, encircles into little shed; Sowing is noted heating preserving moisture before emerge;
(2) field planting
Select suitable plot, with the beddings of 2.0 meters trench diggings, wherein 15 centimetres of ditch depths, 25 centimetres of furrow widths, clean furrow face has 1.75 meters; The fertilizer 18750kg that the per hectare ditch spread is fully become thoroughly decomposed, chili special-purpose fertilizer 964kg makes base fertilizer; Plastic mulching improves soil temperature, water conservation and soil moisture conservation;
Can field planting when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 ℃; 35 centimetres of the common spacing in the rows of plantation density, mu is planted 4800 strains;
(3) field management
Bloom the phase of bearing fruit: owing to enter pepper plant growth animated period, before fruit is sat, water less, prevent that because of excess moisture plant vegetative growth is prosperous excessively, cause fallen flowers, shedding, the while spraying fertilizer once, per hectare applies chili special-purpose fertilizer 482kg;
Fruit expanding period, suitably increase and water, and carry out topdressing the second time: per hectare applies chili special-purpose fertilizer 482kg; Impel robust plant growth and fruit development; Contain 10 days phases with a potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% and a foliage spray of urea foliage-spray of 0.3% in the result.Note ditch cleaning water drainage, intertillage, Pest management etc. simultaneously.
Fertilizer test is established two processing.Handling 1 is: present embodiment.Handling 2 is: farmyard manure 20000kg/ hectare, and superphosphate 750kg/ hectare, potassium sulphate 150kg/ hectare, urea 75kg/ hectare are made base fertilizer; Impose 300kg/ hectare urea after the field planting 2-3 week and topdress, fruit expanding period is executed chili special-purpose fertilizer 300kg/ hectare and is topdressed for the second time.
| Test method | Output kg/ hectare | As content (mg/kg) in the capsicum |
| Handle 1 | 2795 | 0.30 |
| Handle 2 | 2330 | 0.46 |
Embodiment three
Special-purpose fertile making:
1. with 30 parts in urea, 50 parts of superphosphate, 26 parts of potassium sulphates, 2 parts of (by weight) mixings of peat composed of rotten mosses;
2. the raw material of mixing is fully pulverized;
3. make raw material after the pulverizing fully by the sieve of 1mm, obtain special-purpose fertile;
4. carry out metering packing to crossing the special-purpose fertile of 1mm sieve for every bag by 50kg, obtain the chili special-purpose fertilizer finished product.
Step of the present invention:
(1) grows seedlings
Before the annual rainwater joint, select soil property, physical features better, the seedbed is done in the plot that is difficult for taking place damage by disease and insect, uses sufficient base fertilizer, and whole furrow and carrying out are basked seeds, sterilized, seed soaking, vernalization etc. can be sowed;
Water vola water before the sowing earlier, carry out soil disinfection, insect protected then; The even thin argol soil of lid layer 0.6 cm thick after planting at furrow face upper berth one deck straw, encircles into little shed; Sowing is noted heating preserving moisture before emerge;
(2) field planting
Select suitable plot, with the beddings of 2.0 meters trench diggings, wherein 15 centimetres of ditch depths, 23 centimetres of furrow widths, clean furrow face has 1.75 meters; The fertilizer 18750kg that the per hectare ditch spread is fully become thoroughly decomposed, chili special-purpose fertilizer 900kg makes base fertilizer; Plastic mulching improves soil temperature, water conservation and soil moisture conservation;
Can field planting when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 ℃; 33 centimetres of the common spacing in the rows of plantation density, mu is planted 4600 strains;
(3) field management
Bloom the phase of bearing fruit: owing to enter pepper plant growth animated period, before fruit is sat, water less, prevent that because of excess moisture plant vegetative growth is prosperous excessively, cause fallen flowers, shedding, the while spraying fertilizer once, per hectare applies chili special-purpose fertilizer 460kg;
Fruit expanding period, suitably increase and water, and carry out topdressing the second time: per hectare applies chili special-purpose fertilizer 460kg; Impel robust plant growth and fruit development; Contain 8 days phases with a potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% and a foliage spray of urea foliage-spray of 0.3% in the result.Note ditch cleaning water drainage, intertillage, Pest management etc. simultaneously.
Fertilizer test is established two processing.Handling 1 is: present embodiment.Handling 2 is: farmyard manure 20000kg/ hectare, and superphosphate 750kg/ hectare, potassium sulphate 150kg/ hectare, urea 75kg/ hectare are made base fertilizer; Impose 300kg/ hectare urea after the field planting 2-3 week and topdress, fruit expanding period is executed chili special-purpose fertilizer 300kg/ hectare and is topdressed for the second time.
| Test method | Output kg/ hectare | As content (mg/kg) in the capsicum |
| Handle 1 | 2776 | 0.25 |
| Handle 2 | 2330 | 0.46 |
Claims (1)
1. a capsicum arsenic content control cultivation method the steps include:
(1) grows seedlings
Before the annual rainwater joint, select soil property, physical features better, the seedbed is done in the plot that is difficult for taking place damage by disease and insect, uses sufficient base fertilizer, and whole furrow and carrying out are basked seeds, sterilized, seed soaking, vernalization etc. can be sowed;
Water vola water before the sowing earlier, carry out soil disinfection, insect protected then; The even thin argol soil of lid layer 0.5-0.8 cm thick after planting at furrow face upper berth one deck straw, encircles into little shed; Sowing is noted heating preserving moisture before emerge;
(2) field planting
Select suitable plot, with the beddings of 2.0 meters trench diggings, wherein 15 centimetres of ditch depths, furrow width 20-25 centimetre, clean furrow face has 1.75 meters; The fertilizer 18750kg that the per hectare ditch spread is fully become thoroughly decomposed, chili special-purpose fertilizer 876kg～964kg makes base fertilizer; Plastic mulching improves soil temperature, water conservation and soil moisture conservation;
Can field planting when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 ℃; The common spacing in the rows 30-35 of plantation density centimetre, mu is planted the 4500-4800 strain;
(3) field management
Bloom the phase of bearing fruit: owing to enter pepper plant growth animated period, before fruit is sat, water less, prevent that because of excess moisture plant vegetative growth is prosperous excessively, cause fallen flowers, shedding, the while spraying fertilizer once, per hectare applies chili special-purpose fertilizer 438～482kg;
Fruit expanding period, suitably increase and water, and carry out topdressing the second time: per hectare applies chili special-purpose fertilizer 438～482kg; Impel robust plant growth and fruit development; Contain phase 7-10 days with a potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% and a foliage spray of urea foliage-spray of 0.3% in the result.Note ditch cleaning water drainage, intertillage, Pest management etc. simultaneously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010613608 CN102144481A (en) | 2010-03-24 | 2010-12-20 | Cultivation method for controlling content of arsenic in chillies |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010131366 | 2010-03-24 | ||
| CN201010131366.4 | 2010-03-24 | ||
| CN 201010613608 CN102144481A (en) | 2010-03-24 | 2010-12-20 | Cultivation method for controlling content of arsenic in chillies |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102823371A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2012-12-19 | 杨中凯 | Crop regulation technique |
| CN103931388A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-23 | 常熟市新靓文辅亚农艺发展有限公司 | Pepper planting method |
| CN106925608A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | 中环循(北京)环境技术中心 | A kind of method for reducing arsenic accumulation in crops |
| CN109744084A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-14 | 平顶山学院 | A kind of capsicum rice shoot high yield culture technology year after year |
-
2010
- 2010-12-20 CN CN 201010613608 patent/CN102144481A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 《新疆农业科技》 19971231 彭相儒 等 辣椒丰产"无公害"栽培技术 30-31 1 , 第4期 * |
| 《湖北农业科学》 20091130 祖艳群等 磷肥对辣椒砷含量及有效性的影响 2703页第1栏 1 第48卷, 第11期 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102823371A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2012-12-19 | 杨中凯 | Crop regulation technique |
| CN103931388A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-23 | 常熟市新靓文辅亚农艺发展有限公司 | Pepper planting method |
| CN106925608A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | 中环循(北京)环境技术中心 | A kind of method for reducing arsenic accumulation in crops |
| CN109744084A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-14 | 平顶山学院 | A kind of capsicum rice shoot high yield culture technology year after year |
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Application publication date: 20110810 |