CN115299318A - Bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation - Google Patents
Bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation Download PDFInfo
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- CN115299318A CN115299318A CN202210952116.XA CN202210952116A CN115299318A CN 115299318 A CN115299318 A CN 115299318A CN 202210952116 A CN202210952116 A CN 202210952116A CN 115299318 A CN115299318 A CN 115299318A
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- soil
- bio
- reaction kettle
- fiber
- fluffy
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920013724 bio-based polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920013822 aminosilicone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical group [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- WSXIMVDZMNWNRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony;ethane-1,2-diol Chemical group [Sb].OCCO WSXIMVDZMNWNRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-3,5-dioxabicyclo[5.2.2]undeca-1(9),7,10-triene-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1(C2=CC=C(C(=O)OC(=C)O1)C=C2)=O LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical group OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1802—C2-(meth)acrylate, e.g. ethyl (meth)acrylate
Abstract
The invention discloses bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation, which belongs to the technical field of ecological remediation and comprises peat soil, corn straws, wheat straws, humus, fluffy fiber balls, ammonium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate; mixing and reacting ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, a stabilizer, an ether inhibitor, a catalyst, pentaerythritol and aminosilicone oil, discharging, pre-crystallizing to obtain a bio-based polymer, mixing the bio-based polymer with polylactic acid, performing melt spinning and stacking to form a cluster, spraying an adhesive on the surface of the cluster fiber, and drying to obtain fluffy fiber balls; the fluffy fiber balls are easily decomposed naturally, so that the environment is protected; fluffy fiber balls and plant fibers are matched with each other to form a stable three-dimensional net structure, the fluffy degree and the air permeability of the prepared fiber soil are increased, the growth of plant root systems is facilitated, and finally, water and soil loss is prevented through natural covering of vegetation, so that the purpose of green restoration of the soil is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to bio-based fiber soil for soil restoration.
Background
The fiber soil is formed by blending a certain proportion of geotechnical fibers in filling soil and is reinforced soil in a broad sense. The action principle of the fiber soil is similar to that of reinforced soil, the change of the soil body is limited by the friction or the occlusion force between the fiber material and the soil, the fiber soil can inhibit the vertical and lateral deformation of the soil body, and the compression resistance and the tensile strength of the soil body can be effectively improved, so that the physical and mechanical properties of the soil are improved.
The fiber soil is a commonly used material in soil body reinforcement, and the plant fibers are earlier added into the soil body to enhance the soil body performance. Plant fibers are not high in strength and are easy to ferment and degrade, so that high-strength artificial fibers are generally adopted at present. After water and soil loss and even landslide and other natural disasters occur, soil nutrients are lost in a large amount, vegetation can be recovered for a long time, and in order to prevent secondary disasters, the water and soil loss is prevented through mutual cooperation of fiber soil and a frame structure. However, the used artificial fiber is not easy to degrade, and the fiber soil has poor air permeability after being used for a long time and collapsed, so that the growth of plants is influenced, and therefore, the fiber soil which is not easy to collapse is needed, the growth of the plants is facilitated, and the water and soil are stabilized in a green and environment-friendly manner.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation, which solves the problems in the background art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation comprises the following components in parts by mass:
150-200 parts of peat soil, 30-40 parts of corn straw, 20-30 parts of wheat straw, 20-30 parts of humus, 20-40 parts of fluffy fiber balls, 2-4 parts of ammonium nitrate and 4-8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The preparation method of the bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation comprises the following steps: crushing corn straws and wheat straws by using a silk kneading machine, transferring the crushed corn straws and wheat straws into an autoclave, softening the corn straws and the wheat straws by steam at 120 ℃ for 1-3h, and mixing the softened corn straws and wheat straws with peat soil, humus, fluffy fiber balls, ammonium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain the bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation.
The fluffy fiber balls are prepared by the following steps:
step A1: adding ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, a stabilizer, an ether inhibitor, a catalyst and pentaerythritol into a pulping kettle for pulping, then transferring the mixed material into a reaction kettle, standing for 5-10min, introducing nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, adopting a direct esterification method, adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to 350 +/-30 KPa, and carrying out pressurized reaction for 2-3h at 230-240 ℃ and 50r/min to obtain ethylene terephthalate; supplementing amino silicone oil into the reaction kettle, then introducing nitrogen again to replace air in the reaction kettle, heating to 250 ℃, and reacting for 0.5h under normal pressure; adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to-80 +/-20 KPa, heating to 260 ℃, and reacting for 0.5h at low pressure; vacuumizing the reaction kettle, heating to 270-280 ℃, carrying out vacuum polycondensation for 0.5-0.8h, introducing nitrogen to break vacuum, discharging, carrying out grain cutting, slicing, placing the prepared slices in an oven, drying for 1h at 105 ℃, and then drying for pre-crystallization for 0.5-1h at 120-135 ℃ to obtain a bio-based polymer;
step A2: mixing the bio-based polymer and polylactic acid according to the mass ratio of 1; transferring the bio-based raw materials into a melt spinning machine, carrying out melt spinning at 270-280 ℃, preparing crimped fibers, stacking the crimped fibers into a cluster, spraying an adhesive on the surface of the cluster fibers, and drying to obtain fluffy fiber balls.
Furthermore, the dosage ratio of the ethylene glycol, the terephthalic acid, the stabilizer, the ether inhibitor, the catalyst, the pentaerythritol and the amino silicone oil is 6.5kg:16kg of: 5g:5g:5g:60-80g:30-40g.
Further, the stabilizer is triphenyl phosphate.
Further, the ether inhibitor is sodium acetate.
Further, the catalyst is ethylene glycol antimony.
Further, the adhesive is prepared by the following steps:
step S1: adding deionized water and an emulsifier into a flask, stirring for 5-10min, adding methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and a crosslinking agent, and stirring for 1.5-2h at 20-30 ℃ to obtain an emulsion;
step S2: taking 1/3 of the emulsion, transferring the 1/3 of the emulsion into a reaction kettle, adding disodium hydrogen phosphate into the reaction kettle under the condition that the rotating speed of a stirring device is 100-120r/min to stabilize the pH value of a reaction system to 7-8, filling the rest 2/3 of the emulsion into a constant pressure funnel for later use, then adding 1/3 of initiator solution, heating the reaction kettle to 60 ℃, adding the rest 2/3 of initiator solution into the reaction kettle, continuously stirring and heating to 80 ℃, opening the constant pressure funnel to add the rest emulsion into the reaction kettle, continuously stirring and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-4h, then adding bean gum, stirring for 5-10min, cooling, filtering and discharging to obtain the adhesive.
Further, the dosage ratio of deionized water, emulsifier, methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and cross-linking agent in the emulsion is 3-5mL:1.5g:15g:2g:25g:5g:1g.
Further, the crosslinking agent is N-methylolacrylamide.
Further, the emulsifier is formed by mixing tween-80 and sodium dodecyl sulfate according to the mass ratio of 5.
Further, the dosage ratio of the emulsion, the initiator solution and the bean gum is 100g:7g:20g.
Further, the initiator solution is 10% by mass of ammonium persulfate solution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the fluffy fiber balls contained in the fiber soil are prepared from bio-based raw materials, are easily decomposed naturally and are more environment-friendly. In the copolymerization preparation process of the bio-based polymer, pentaerythritol and amino silicone oil are introduced to a molecular chain, so that the content of hydrophilic groups in an amorphous region can be increased, the moisture absorption of the copolymer can be effectively improved, and the moisture regain of the prepared fluffy fiber ball is favorably improved, so that the water retention performance of the fiber soil is improved. The adhesive is sprayed on the surface of the fluffy fiber ball, the bean gum in the adhesive contains amino acid, polar groups of amino and carboxyl in the adhesive are increased, the cohesiveness to the bio-based fiber is increased, the shape of the fluffy fiber ball is favorably maintained, the bean gum is mutually matched with the plant fibers of the corn straw and the wheat straw to form a stable three-dimensional net structure, the fluffy degree and the air permeability of the prepared fiber soil are increased, and the growth of a plant root system is favorably realized; and the fluffy fiber balls have better breaking strength, and are beneficial to preventing the excessive loss of the fiber soil under the matching and pulling of various fibers. The humus is added into the fiber soil, the water absorption and retention capacity of the fiber soil is further improved, the added ammonium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate provide necessary nutrient elements for plant growth, the plant growth is promoted, and after the fluffy fiber balls in the fiber soil are degraded, water and soil loss is prevented through natural coverage of vegetation, so that the purpose of green soil remediation is achieved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Preparing fluffy fiber balls, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing tween-80 and sodium dodecyl sulfate according to the mass ratio of 5; 300mL of deionized water and 150g of an emulsifier were added to the flask, and after stirring for 5 minutes, 1500g of methyl methacrylate, 200g of acrylic acid, 2500g of ethyl acrylate, 500g of butyl acrylate and 100g of N-methylol acrylamide were added, and the mixture was stirred at 20 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain an emulsion.
Step two: taking 3kg of emulsion, transferring 1kg of the emulsion into a reaction kettle, adding disodium hydrogen phosphate into the reaction kettle under the condition that the rotating speed of a stirring device is 100r/min to stabilize the pH value of a reaction system, enabling the pH value to be 7, filling the rest 2kg of emulsion into a constant pressure funnel for later use, then adding 70g of ammonium persulfate solution with the mass fraction of 10%, heating the reaction kettle to 60 ℃, adding the rest 140g of ammonium persulfate solution into the reaction kettle, continuously stirring and heating to 80 ℃, opening the constant pressure funnel to add the rest emulsion into the reaction kettle, continuously stirring and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3 hours, then adding 200g of bean gum which is soybean protein gum, stirring for 5min, cooling, filtering and discharging to obtain an adhesive for later use.
Step three: adding 6.5kg of ethylene glycol, 16kg of terephthalic acid, 5g of triphenyl phosphate, 5g of sodium acetate, 5g of ethylene glycol antimony and 60g of pentaerythritol into a pulping kettle for pulping, then transferring the mixed materials into a reaction kettle, standing for 5min, introducing nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to 320KPa by adopting a direct esterification method, and carrying out pressurized reaction for 2h at 230 ℃ and 50r/min to obtain ethylene terephthalate; supplementing 30g of amino silicone oil into the reaction kettle, then introducing nitrogen again to replace air in the reaction kettle, heating to 250 ℃, and reacting for 0.5 hour under normal pressure; adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to-100 KPa, heating to 260 ℃, and reacting for 0.5h at low pressure; vacuumizing the reaction kettle, heating to 270 ℃, carrying out vacuum polycondensation for 0.5h, introducing nitrogen to break vacuum, discharging, granulating, slicing, placing the prepared slices in an oven, drying for 1h at 105 ℃, and then drying and pre-crystallizing for 0.5h at 120 ℃ to obtain a bio-based polymer;
step four: mixing the bio-based polymer and polylactic acid according to the mass ratio of 1; and transferring the bio-based raw materials into a melt spinning machine, carrying out melt spinning at 270 ℃, preparing crimped fibers, stacking the crimped fibers into a cluster, spraying an adhesive on the surface of the cluster fibers, and drying to obtain the fluffy fiber balls.
Example 2
Preparing fluffy fiber balls, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing tween-80 and sodium dodecyl sulfate according to the mass ratio of 5; 400mL of deionized water and 150g of an emulsifier were added to the flask, and after stirring for 8min, 1500g of methyl methacrylate, 200g of acrylic acid, 2500g of ethyl acrylate, 500g of butyl acrylate and 100g of N-methylol acrylamide were added, and the mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 1.8h to obtain an emulsion.
Step two: taking 3kg of emulsion, transferring 1kg of the emulsion into a reaction kettle, adding disodium hydrogen phosphate into the reaction kettle under the condition that the rotating speed of a stirring device is 110r/min to stabilize the pH value of a reaction system, enabling the pH value to be 7.5, filling the rest 2kg of emulsion into a constant pressure funnel for later use, then adding 70g of ammonium persulfate solution with the mass fraction of 10%, heating the reaction kettle to 60 ℃, adding the rest 140g of ammonium persulfate solution into the reaction kettle, continuing stirring and heating to 80 ℃, opening the constant pressure funnel, adding the rest of emulsion into the reaction kettle, continuing stirring and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3.5h, then adding 200g of bean gum, stirring for 8min, cooling, filtering and discharging to obtain an adhesive for later use.
Step three: adding 6.5kg of ethylene glycol, 16kg of terephthalic acid, 5g of triphenyl phosphate, 5g of sodium acetate, 5g of ethylene glycol antimony and 70g of pentaerythritol into a pulping kettle for pulping, then transferring the mixed material into a reaction kettle, standing for 8min, introducing nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, regulating the pressure in the reaction kettle to 350KPa by adopting a direct esterification method, and carrying out a pressure reaction for 2.5h at 235 ℃ and 50r/min to obtain ethylene terephthalate; supplementing 35g of amino silicone oil into the reaction kettle, then introducing nitrogen again to replace air in the reaction kettle, heating to 250 ℃, and reacting for 0.5 hour under normal pressure; adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to-80 KPa, heating to 260 ℃, and reacting for 0.5h at low pressure; vacuumizing the reaction kettle, heating to 275 ℃, carrying out vacuum polycondensation reaction for 0.6h, introducing nitrogen to break vacuum, discharging, granulating, slicing, placing the prepared slices in a drying oven, drying for 1h at 105 ℃, and then drying and pre-crystallizing for 0.8h at 125 ℃ to obtain a bio-based polymer;
step four: mixing the bio-based polymer and polylactic acid according to the mass ratio of 1; transferring the bio-based raw materials into a melt spinning machine, carrying out melt spinning at 275 ℃, preparing crimped fibers, stacking the crimped fibers into a cluster, spraying an adhesive on the surface of the cluster fibers, and drying to obtain fluffy fiber balls.
Example 3
Preparing fluffy fiber balls, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing tween-80 and sodium dodecyl sulfate according to the mass ratio of 5; 500mL of deionized water and 150g of an emulsifier were added to the flask, and after stirring for 10min, 1500g of methyl methacrylate, 200g of acrylic acid, 2500g of ethyl acrylate, 500g of butyl acrylate and 100g of N-methylol acrylamide were added, and the mixture was stirred at 30 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain an emulsion.
Step two: taking 3kg of emulsion, transferring 1kg of the emulsion into a reaction kettle, adding disodium hydrogen phosphate into the reaction kettle under the condition that the rotating speed of a stirring device is 120r/min to stabilize the pH value of a reaction system, enabling the pH value to reach 7.5, filling the rest 2kg of the emulsion into a constant-pressure funnel for later use, then adding 70g of ammonium persulfate solution with the mass fraction of 10%, heating the reaction kettle to 60 ℃, adding the rest 140g of ammonium persulfate solution into the reaction kettle, continuously stirring and heating to 80 ℃, opening the constant-pressure funnel, adding the rest of the emulsion into the reaction kettle, continuously stirring and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 4 hours, then adding 200g of bean gum, stirring for 10min, cooling, filtering and discharging to obtain an adhesive for later use.
Step three: adding 6.5kg of ethylene glycol, 16kg of terephthalic acid, 5g of triphenyl phosphate, 5g of sodium acetate, 5g of ethylene glycol antimony and 80g of pentaerythritol into a pulping kettle for pulping, then transferring the mixed material into a reaction kettle, standing for 10min, introducing nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, regulating the pressure in the reaction kettle to 380KPa by adopting a direct esterification method, and carrying out a pressurized reaction for 3h at the temperature of 240 ℃ and at the speed of 50r/min to obtain ethylene terephthalate; supplementing 40g of amino silicone oil into the reaction kettle, then introducing nitrogen again to replace air in the reaction kettle, heating to 250 ℃, and reacting for 0.5 hour under normal pressure; adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to-60 KPa, heating to 260 ℃, and reacting for 0.5h at low pressure; vacuumizing the reaction kettle, heating to 280 ℃, carrying out vacuum polycondensation for 0.8h, introducing nitrogen to break vacuum, discharging, granulating, slicing, placing the prepared slices in a drying oven, drying for 1h at 105 ℃, and then drying for precrystallization for 1h at 135 ℃ to obtain a bio-based polymer;
step four: mixing the bio-based polymer and polylactic acid according to the mass ratio of 1; transferring the bio-based raw materials into a melt spinning machine, carrying out melt spinning at 280 ℃, preparing crimped fibers, stacking the crimped fibers into a cluster, spraying an adhesive on the surface of the cluster fibers, and drying to obtain the fluffy fiber balls.
Example 4
Preparing bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation, comprising the following steps:
crushing 30kg of corn straws and 20kg of wheat straws by using a silk kneading machine, transferring the crushed corn straws and wheat straws into a still kettle, softening the corn straws and the wheat straws by steam at 120 ℃ for 1 hour, and mixing the softened corn straws and wheat straws with 150kg of peat soil, 20kg of humus, 20kg of fluffy fiber balls prepared in the embodiment 1, 2kg of ammonium nitrate and 4kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain the bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation.
Example 5
Preparing bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation, comprising the following steps:
crushing 35kg of corn straws and 25kg of wheat straws by using a silk kneading machine, transferring the crushed corn straws and the crushed wheat straws into an autoclave, softening the corn straws and the wheat straws by steam at 120 ℃ for 2 hours, and mixing the softened corn straws and the wheat straws with 180kg of peat soil, 25kg of humus, 30kg of fluffy fiber balls prepared in the embodiment 2, 3kg of ammonium nitrate and 6kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain the bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation.
Example 6
Preparing bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation, comprising the following steps:
crushing 40kg of corn straws and 30kg of wheat straws by using a silk kneading machine, transferring the crushed corn straws and the crushed wheat straws into an autoclave, softening the corn straws and the wheat straws by steam at 120 ℃ for 3 hours, and mixing the softened corn straws and the wheat straws with 200kg of peat soil, 30kg of humus, 40kg of fluffy fiber balls prepared in the embodiment 3, 4kg of ammonium nitrate and 8kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain the bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation.
Comparative example 1: based on example 3, fluffy fiber balls are prepared without adding polylactic acid and keeping the rest steps unchanged.
Comparative example 2: on the basis of example 6, fluffy fiber balls are not added, and the rest steps are kept unchanged to prepare the bio-based fiber soil.
Comparative example 3: bio-based fiber soils were prepared on the basis of example 6 using the fluffy fiber balls prepared in comparative example 1.
Testing the fluffy fiber balls prepared in the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative example 1, performing a hydrophilicity test on each group according to GB/T6503-2017, and calculating the moisture regain of each group; part of the fibers of the fluffy fiber balls of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 was taken, and the breaking strength and breaking elongation of each group of fibers were calculated. The structure is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Item | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 |
| Moisture regain/% | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.64 |
| Breaking strength/cN/dtex | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.4 |
| Elongation at break/% | 87.9 | 88.0 | 88.1 | 90.0 |
As can be seen from table 1, the addition of polylactic acid increases the moisture regain of the fluffy fiber balls prepared, and has less influence on the tensile strength.
Examples 4-6, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 were tested according to GB/T20197-2006, each group of fibre soils was laid in an outdoor garden at a soil thickness of 20cm and the thickness of each group of soils after 3 months and the breaking strength of the fluffy fibre balls were observed as shown in table 2 ("/" indicates no test):
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 1, the fluffy fiber balls prepared in examples 1 to 3 have better collapse prevention capability, and the breaking strength is more remarkably reduced when the fluffy fiber balls are prepared by adding polylactic acid, which indicates that the fluffy fiber balls are beneficial to biodegradation.
It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass:
150-200 parts of peat soil, 30-40 parts of corn straw, 20-30 parts of wheat straw, 20-30 parts of humus, 20-40 parts of fluffy fiber balls, 2-4 parts of ammonium nitrate and 4-8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
the fluffy fiber balls are prepared by the following steps:
step A1: mixing ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, a stabilizer, an ether inhibitor, a catalyst and pentaerythritol, pulping, transferring into a reaction kettle, standing, introducing nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to 350 +/-30 KPa, and reacting for 2-3h at 230-240 ℃ and 50 r/min; supplementing amino silicone oil, introducing nitrogen again to replace air in the reaction kettle, heating to 250 ℃, and reacting for 0.5h under normal pressure; adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to-80 +/-20 KPa, heating to 260 ℃ and reacting for 0.5h; heating to 270-280 ℃, carrying out vacuum polycondensation reaction for 0.5-0.8h, discharging, and then carrying out particle cutting, slicing, drying and pre-crystallization to obtain a bio-based polymer;
step A2: mixing the bio-based polymer and polylactic acid according to the mass ratio of 1; and (3) carrying out melt spinning on the bio-based raw materials to form crimped fibers, stacking the crimped fibers into a cluster, spraying an adhesive on the surface of the cluster fibers, and drying to obtain the fluffy fiber balls.
2. The bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation, according to claim 1, prepared by the steps of:
crushing corn straws and wheat straws by using a rubbing machine, then softening the corn straws and the wheat straws by steam at 120 ℃ for 1-3h, and then mixing the softened corn straws and wheat straws with peat soil, humus, fluffy fiber balls, ammonium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain the bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation.
3. The bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount ratio of the glycol, the terephthalic acid, the stabilizer, the ether inhibitor, the catalyst, the pentaerythritol and the amino silicone oil is 6.5kg:16kg of: 5g:5g:5g:60-80g:30-40g.
4. The bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said stabilizer is triphenyl phosphate.
5. The bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation according to claim 1, wherein said anti-ether agent is sodium acetate.
6. The bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation according to claim 1, wherein said catalyst is ethylene glycol antimony.
7. The bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the binder is prepared by:
step S1: stirring deionized water and emulsifier for 5-10min, adding methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and cross-linking agent, and stirring for 1.5-2h to obtain emulsion;
step S2: taking 1/3 of the emulsion, adding the emulsion into a reaction kettle, stabilizing the pH value of a reaction system to 7-8 under the condition of 100-120r/min, then adding 1/3 of the total amount of an initiator solution, heating the reaction kettle to 60 ℃, adding the rest initiator solution into the reaction kettle, heating to 80 ℃, adding the rest emulsion into the reaction kettle, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-4h, adding bean gum, stirring for 5-10min, cooling, filtering and discharging to obtain the adhesive.
8. The bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation as claimed in claim 7, wherein the amount ratio of the deionized water, the emulsifier, the methyl methacrylate, the acrylic acid, the ethyl acrylate, the butyl acrylate and the cross-linking agent is 3-5mL:1.5g:15g:2g:25g of: 5g:1g of the total weight of the composition.
9. The bio-based fiber soil for soil remediation according to claim 7, wherein the emulsifier is a mixture of Tween-80 and sodium dodecyl sulfate in a mass ratio of 5.
10. The bio-based fibrosoil for soil remediation according to claim 7, wherein the emulsion, the initiator solution and the bean gum are used in a ratio of 100g:7g:20g.
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