CN103340078A - Total film covering muskmelon cultivating method - Google Patents
Total film covering muskmelon cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103340078A CN103340078A CN2013102962942A CN201310296294A CN103340078A CN 103340078 A CN103340078 A CN 103340078A CN 2013102962942 A CN2013102962942 A CN 2013102962942A CN 201310296294 A CN201310296294 A CN 201310296294A CN 103340078 A CN103340078 A CN 103340078A
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- muskmelon
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- mulch film
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention discloses a total film covering muskmelon cultivating method. The total film covering muskmelon cultivating method comprises the first step of soil preparation and broadcast vicia spp sowing, the second step of vicia spp flattening, the third step of irrigation and film covering and the fourth step of muskmelon seedling growing and field management. Total film covering conducted on soil in a greenhouse is achieved according to the total film covering muskmelon cultivating method. A layer of dry oilseed rape straws covers the surfaces of films among ridges, facilitates adjustment of humidity inside the greenhouse, effectively prevents aphids and other insects from spreading diseases, fast increases the temperature of soil inside ridges, and improves effective green manure plant degradation. According to the total film covering muskmelon cultivating method, viral disease morbidity inside muskmelon land can be reduced from 10-25% in the prior art to 0-3%, fusarium wilt morbidity is reduced by more than 95%, quality is obviously improved, sugar degree of muskmelons is improved by 1-2%, and yield is increased by more than 20% when being compared with yield in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method of fruit crop, especially a kind of muskmelon plantation field piece is all used the muskmelon cultivation method of plastic mulching, belongs to melon and fruit culture technique field.
Background technology
Muskmelon is avoided melon stubble and continuous cropping, and fusarium wilt all easily takes place for melon stubble and continuous cropping, and except pumpkin, other previous crops are that thick-skinned melon all should not be planted in the plot of melon crop.Usually can prevent the harm of soil-borne diseases such as fusarium wilt and eqpidemic disease effectively by rice field-upland field rotation, the general nonirrigated farmland crop rotation time limit 6～8 years, the rice field is 2～4 years, this crop rotation method has seriously restricted cultivation production and the development of thick-skinned melon.Studies show that of the generation of melon continuous cropping obstacle and regulation and control, the one of the main reasons of muskmelon continuous cropping obstacle is that soil quality descends, and soil quality descends and fertilising has direct relation, variety classes fertilizer can produce material impact to continuous cropping ground microflora and soil enzyme activities, mainly shows as to the soil physical and chemical property change with to the soil biology environmental disruption.
Along with China's muskmelon continuous cropping area increases year by year, continuous cropping obstacle is serious day by day, and the muskmelon continuous cropping finally makes the natural equilibrium of edaphon and inorganic constituents be damaged, and the soil germ is developed, causes soil disease to spread, thereby has had a strong impact on muskmelon production.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of muskmelon mulch film all standing cultivation method at having the defective that the muskmelon culture technique exists now, change soil physico-chemical property, improve environmental condition in the booth, and then improve the generation of field muskmelon disease resistance and minimizing field disease.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of muskmelon mulch film all standing cultivation method may further comprise the steps:
1) puts in order ground and broadcast sowing sweet potato
Before the muskmelon cultivation, 6 meters of spans, long 40 meters, in the high 2.5 meters booth,, apart from frame 25～35cm place ridging raked with rake in vacant lot between ridge face and two ridges along canopy to direction, and at leveling surface sowing legume sweet potato, seeding quantity 8～10kg/667m
2, broadcast back going again with rake and flatten, and spread water on the surface and drench;
2) flatten sweet potato
After sweet potato emerges, note watering, keep soil moisture about 70～85%, treat early Febuary in next year, the sweet potato growing height is pressed 50kg/667m on the sweet potato surface when 50～60cm
2Spread fertilizer over the fields quicklime, ridge face sweet potato is not completely cured, all flatten;
3) irrigation and covering with plastic film
Flatten the sweet potato surface at the ridge face near the booth outside along the canopy length direction and place droping irrigating pipe, all ground in the canopy and ridge face are all covered the double-colored mulch films of silver grey black, during covering the black of double-colored mulch film down, silver gray compresses up all around; Mulch film surface coverage one deck Herba Rorippae stalk between the ridge again, airtight booth or greenhouse kept 28～32 days;
4) muskmelon is grown seedlings and field management
Early Febuary muskmelon hotbed point disk seedling growing, during melon seedling 2～3 leaves 1 heart, wear out double-colored mulch film and directly be colonizated on the ridge, cover little shed after the field planting, treat late March, throw off little shed, enter booth ealy maturing culture muskmelon normal management.May, early and middle ten days began to gather, and late June finishes cultivation.
Purpose of the present invention can also further realize by following technical measures.
Aforesaid muskmelon mulch film all standing cultivation method, the high 23～27cm in the ridge of wherein said step 1), ridge face width 70～75cm, two distance between the ridges, 50～55cm.
Aforesaid muskmelon mulch film all standing cultivation method, the rape stalk thickness 2～3cm of wherein said step 3).
Aforesaid muskmelon mulch film all standing cultivation method, the spacing in the rows of wherein said step 4) are 40～50cm, two distance between the ridges, 50～55cm.
Before the present invention cultivates in booth soil sowing sweet potato use as green manure, the sweet potato root has a large amount of rhizobium simultaneously, can replenish nitrogenous fertilizer; Apply quicklime and can alleviate soil acidification.Ridge face sweet potato is not completely cured, all flattens, soil is realized the mulch film all standing in booth, and between the ridge mulch film surface coverage one deck Herba Rorippae stalk, be conducive to regulate humidity in the canopy, be beneficial to that fixedly melon is climing.The present invention adopts airtight booth or greenhouse about 30 days, is conducive to the interior high-temperature sterilization of canopy and improves temperature in the ridge, and in the degree of depth 0～5cm, ground temperature improves 2.5～5.7 ℃ in the ridge.The effect that suppresses weeds and keep away aphid is also played in the mulch film all standing, effectively avoid the effect of aphid and other soil insects and insect transmission disease, adopt the present invention can make the virus disease incidence of disease in the melonry be reduced to 0～3% from 10～25% of prior art, the fusarium wilt incidence of disease contrast reduces more than 95%, quality obviously improves, its pol improves 1～2%, and the muskmelon exterior quality gets a promotion, and output improves more than 20% than prior art.
Advantage of the present invention and characteristics will make an explanation by the non-limitative illustration of following preferred embodiment, and these embodiment only provide as an example.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiment of gold hat honeydew melon variety culture.
Present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
1) puts in order ground and broadcast sowing sweet potato
Before the muskmelon cultivation, 6 meters of spans, long 40 meters, in the high 2.5 meters booth, along canopy to direction apart from frame 30cm place ridging, the high 25cm in ridge, ridge face width 75cm, two distance between the ridges 50cm.Raked with rake in vacant lot between ridge face and two ridges, and at leveling surface sowing legume sweet potato, seeding quantity 8～10kg/667m
2, broadcast back going again with rake and flatten, and spread water on the surface and drench.
2) flatten sweet potato
After sweet potato emerges, note watering, keep soil moisture about 70～85%, treat early Febuary in next year, the sweet potato growing height is pressed 50kg/667m on the sweet potato surface when 50～60cm
2Spread fertilizer over the fields quicklime, ridge face sweet potato is not completely cured, all flatten.Can accelerate decomposition and the utilization of carbon, nitrogen, especially potassium etc. in the green body plant of sweet potato; The sweet potato well developed root system plays chesson, changes the penetrating ability of soil, and then reaches the effect that changes soil physico-chemical property.Spread fertilizer over the fields quicklime and can alleviate soil acidification, and increase the soil calcium content.
3) irrigation and covering with plastic film
Flatten the sweet potato surface at the ridge face near the booth outside along the canopy length direction and place droping irrigating pipe, all ground in the canopy and ridge face are all covered the double-colored mulch films of silver grey black, during covering the black of double-colored mulch film down, silver gray compresses up all around; The thick Herba Rorippae stalk of mulch film surface coverage one deck 2～3cm between the ridge again, airtight booth or greenhouse kept about 30 days.Plastic mulching can improve ground temperature in the ridge rapidly, improves effective degraded of green manure plant.
4) muskmelon is grown seedlings and field management
Early Febuary muskmelon hotbed point disk seedling growing, during melon seedling 2～3 leaves 1 heart, wear out double-colored mulch film and directly be colonizated on the ridge, the single file field planting by spacing in the rows 45cm, covers little shed after the two distance between the ridges 50cm field planting, treat late March, throw off little shed, enter booth ealy maturing culture muskmelon normal management.May, early and middle ten days began to gather, and late June finishes cultivation.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent deformation one-tenth, all drop in the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a muskmelon mulch film all standing cultivation method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) puts in order ground and broadcast sowing sweet potato
Before the muskmelon cultivation, 6 meters of spans, long 40 meters, in the high 2.5 meters booth,, apart from frame 25～35cm place ridging raked with rake in vacant lot between ridge face and two ridges along canopy to direction, and at leveling surface sowing legume sweet potato, seeding quantity 8～10kg/667m
2, broadcast back going again with rake and flatten, and spread water on the surface and drench;
2) flatten sweet potato
After sweet potato emerges, note watering, keep soil moisture about 70～85%, treat early Febuary in next year, the sweet potato growing height is pressed 50kg/667m on the sweet potato surface when 50～60cm
2Spread fertilizer over the fields quicklime, ridge face sweet potato is not completely cured, all flatten;
3) irrigation and covering with plastic film
Flatten the sweet potato surface at the ridge face near the booth outside along the canopy length direction and place droping irrigating pipe, all ground in the canopy and ridge face are all covered the double-colored mulch films of silver grey black, during covering the black of double-colored mulch film down, silver gray compresses up all around; Mulch film surface coverage one deck Herba Rorippae stalk between the ridge again, airtight booth or greenhouse kept 28～32 days;
4) muskmelon is grown seedlings and field management
Early Febuary muskmelon hotbed point disk seedling growing, during melon seedling 2～3 leaves 1 heart, wear out double-colored mulch film and directly be colonizated on the ridge, cover little shed after the field planting, treat late March, throw off little shed, enter booth ealy maturing culture muskmelon normal management, May, early and middle ten days began to gather, and late June finishes cultivation.
2. muskmelon mulch film all standing cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterised in that: the high 23～27cm in the ridge of described step 1), ridge face width 70～75cm, two distance between the ridges, 50～55cm.
3. muskmelon mulch film all standing cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the rape stalk thickness 2～3cm of described step 3).
4. according to the described a kind of muskmelon mulch film all standing cultivation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is characterized in that: the spacing in the rows 40～50cm of described step 4), two distance between the ridges, 50～55cm.
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| CN201310296294.2A CN103340078B (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Muskmelon mulch film all standing cultivation method |
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| CN103340078B CN103340078B (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104145664A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-11-19 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | High-quality high-yield open-field thick-skin muskmelon cultivation method |
| CN104303796A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-28 | 和县鑫发农业发展有限公司 | Greenhouse cultivation method for pollution-free early-spring melons |
| CN104396544A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 苏州青青生态种植园 | Early-ripe cultivation method of muskmelon |
| CN104938203A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-09-30 | 东北农业大学 | Method for planting vegetables transversely in longitudinal furrows |
| CN105145081A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-16 | 云南好宝有机农业有限公司 | Field management method of cucurbitaceae organic vegetables |
| CN105248238A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-01-20 | 新疆生产建设兵团第六师农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for cucumis melo through open field drip irrigation |
| CN110278837A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-27 | 陕西彬翔农业科技有限公司 | High temperature difference cool area improve muskmelon pol method |
| CN113348993A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-07 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | Cabbage type winter rape overwintering protective cultivation method |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104145664A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-11-19 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | High-quality high-yield open-field thick-skin muskmelon cultivation method |
| CN104145664B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-06-08 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | A kind of thick-skinned melon open country cultivating superior high-yield method |
| CN104303796A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-28 | 和县鑫发农业发展有限公司 | Greenhouse cultivation method for pollution-free early-spring melons |
| CN104396544A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 苏州青青生态种植园 | Early-ripe cultivation method of muskmelon |
| CN104938203A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-09-30 | 东北农业大学 | Method for planting vegetables transversely in longitudinal furrows |
| CN104938203B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-08-11 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of method for growing vegetables of the horizontal plant in vertical ridge |
| CN105145081A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-16 | 云南好宝有机农业有限公司 | Field management method of cucurbitaceae organic vegetables |
| CN105248238A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-01-20 | 新疆生产建设兵团第六师农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for cucumis melo through open field drip irrigation |
| CN110278837A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-27 | 陕西彬翔农业科技有限公司 | High temperature difference cool area improve muskmelon pol method |
| CN113348993A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-07 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | Cabbage type winter rape overwintering protective cultivation method |
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