CN111955089A - Method for improving fruit tree cultivation soil - Google Patents
Method for improving fruit tree cultivation soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111955089A CN111955089A CN202010892367.4A CN202010892367A CN111955089A CN 111955089 A CN111955089 A CN 111955089A CN 202010892367 A CN202010892367 A CN 202010892367A CN 111955089 A CN111955089 A CN 111955089A
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- soil
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- fruit tree
- chicken manure
- water
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving fruit tree cultivation soil, which comprises the following steps: integrally turning the soil to be improved, wherein the turning depth is 100 plus 120cm, and breaking the soil blocks to keep the specification uniform; step two: adding improved fertilizer into the ploughed soil, ploughing again, uniformly stirring the improved fertilizer with the addition amount of 2000 kg/mu, and standing for 15 days; step three: turning over the soil after standing in the second step again, and ditching ridges, wherein the ditching depth is 15-25cm, and the row spacing is kept to be 1.5-2 m; step four: and (4) carrying out water passing test on the furrows and ridges, testing the drainage smoothness of the furrows and the firmness of the planting ridges, and naturally airing the planting soil after testing. The fruit tree cultivation soil improved by the method disclosed by the invention is suitable for planting of various fruit trees, and is greatly helpful for improving the quality of the result, the yield of the result and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a method for improving fruit tree cultivation soil.
Background
Soil improvement refers to a general term of a series of technical measures for removing or preventing adverse factors influencing crop growth and causing soil degradation and the like by applying theories and technologies of multiple subjects such as soil science, biology, ecology and the like, improving soil properties, improving soil fertility and creating good soil environmental conditions for crops, wherein soil improvement work generally makes feasible planning and implementation according to natural conditions and economic conditions of various places and according to local conditions, so as to achieve the purpose of effectively improving the soil production properties and the environmental conditions, and the soil applied to fruit tree cultivation has higher requirements on quality and is directly related to yield, quality and the like of results;
the soil fertility of the current fruit tree planting soil is reduced after a certain use time, the cost for soil improvement is high, and the disease and insect resistance of the soil is insufficient when the soil is used, so that the fruit quality and the yield are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for improving fruit tree cultivation soil, the fruit tree cultivation soil improved by the method is low in cost, good in pest control effect and high in fruit yield, and the problems in the background art can be effectively solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for improving the cultivation soil of fruit trees comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: integrally turning the soil to be improved, wherein the turning depth is 100 plus 120cm, and breaking the soil blocks to keep the specification uniform;
step two: adding improved fertilizer into the ploughed soil, ploughing again, uniformly stirring the improved fertilizer with the addition amount of 2000 kg/mu, and standing for 15 days;
step three: turning over the soil after standing in the second step again, and ditching ridges, wherein the ditching depth is 15-25cm, and the row spacing is kept to be 1.5-2 m;
step four: carrying out water passing test on the furrows and ridges, testing the drainage smoothness of the furrows and the firmness of the planting ridges, and naturally airing the planting soil after testing;
step five: spraying and watering the surface of the orchard soil after furrowing and ridging, mixing a dissolved soil disinfectant in a spraying and watering water source, wherein the spraying and watering amount of the orchard soil per mu is 1.5-2mm, covering the surface of a soil layer with a plastic film after spraying and watering is finished, and uncovering the film after 8-10 days;
step six: in the fifth step, after the film is uncovered, the gas is volatilized for 2 to 3 days;
step seven: and excavating planting holes for planting fruit tree seedlings.
Preferably, the improved fertilizer in the second step comprises, by weight, 25-35 parts of straw, 10-15 parts of grass peat, 10-15 parts of slaked lime, 15-25 parts of chicken manure, 15-25 parts of wormcast, 4-6 parts of zymophyte and the balance of water.
Preferably, the main components of the improved fertilizer in the second step comprise, by weight, 30 parts of straw, 12.5 parts of grass peat, 12.5 parts of slaked lime, 20 parts of chicken manure, 20 parts of wormcast, 5 parts of zymophyte, and the balance of water.
Preferably, the preparation method of the chicken manure comprises the following steps,
step eight: adding clear water into the chicken manure raw material, stirring and mixing, wherein the using ratio of the manure water is 1:1, and keeping the uniformity of the granularity when the chicken manure is dissolved;
step nine: drying the water-containing chicken manure until the humidity of the chicken manure is kept to be 8-12%;
step ten: and D, granulating the dried chicken manure in the step two, and keeping the particle size at 80 meshes to obtain the required chicken manure.
Preferably, the preparation method of the straw comprises the following steps,
step eleven: cutting and crushing straw raw materials to obtain straw particles;
step twelve: drying the straw particles to ensure that the water content is not higher than 5%;
step thirteen: and D, further granulating the straw particles dried in the step two to keep the particle size of the straw particles at 120 meshes, and thus obtaining the required straw.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the soil disinfectant mainly comprises formalin, and the mixing ratio of the formalin to the water is 1: 200.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the fruit tree cultivation soil improved by the method disclosed by the invention is suitable for planting of various fruit trees, and is greatly helpful for improving the quality of the result, the yield of the result and the like.
The fruit tree cultivation soil improved by the method has strong disease and pest resistance, the demand of agricultural chemicals and the like in the fruit tree planting process is small, and the practical safety is effectively improved.
The fruit tree cultivation soil improved by the method provided by the invention is low in improvement cost, does not need to consume a large amount of manpower and material resources, realizes low investment and high yield, and is suitable for large-area popularization and use.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for improving the cultivation soil of fruit trees comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: integrally turning the soil to be improved to a turning depth of 100 plus 120cm, and breaking the soil blocks to keep the specification uniform, so that the fruit tree seedlings are planted and stably maintained;
step two: adding improved fertilizer into the ploughed soil, ploughing again, uniformly stirring the improved fertilizer with the addition amount of 2000 kg/mu, standing for 15 days to increase the soil fertility and facilitate the absorption and growth of fruit tree seedlings;
step three: ploughing the soil after standing in the second step again, ditching ridges with the ditching depth of 15-25cm, keeping the row spacing of 1.5-2m, and facilitating planting and later-stage harvesting work;
step four: carrying out water passing test on the furrows and ridges, testing the drainage smoothness of the furrows and the firmness of the planted ridges, and naturally airing the planted soil after testing to ensure smooth drainage and facilitate irrigation and drainage of waterlogging;
step five: spraying and watering the surface of the orchard soil after furrowing and ridging, mixing a dissolved soil disinfectant in a spraying and watering water source, wherein the spraying and watering amount of the orchard soil per mu is 1.5-2mm, covering the surface of a soil layer with a plastic film after spraying and watering is finished, and uncovering the plastic film after 8-10 days to sterilize the soil, so that later-stage growth of fruit tree seedlings is facilitated;
step six: in the fifth step, after the film is uncovered, the gas is volatilized for 2-3 days, so that the toxin is volatilized, and the safety is improved;
step seven: and excavating planting holes for planting fruit tree seedlings.
The improved fertilizer in the second step comprises, by weight, 25-35 parts of straw, 10-15 parts of grass peat, 10-15 parts of slaked lime, 15-25 parts of chicken manure, 15-25 parts of wormcast, 4-6 parts of zymophyte and the balance of water.
The main components of the improved fertilizer in the second step comprise, by weight, 30 parts of straws, 12.5 parts of grass peat, 12.5 parts of slaked lime, 20 parts of chicken manure, 20 parts of wormcast, 5 parts of zymophyte, and the balance of water.
Wherein the preparation method of the chicken manure comprises the following steps,
step eight: adding clear water into the chicken manure raw material, stirring and mixing, wherein the using ratio of the manure water is 1:1, and keeping the uniformity of the granularity when the chicken manure is dissolved;
step nine: drying the water-containing chicken manure until the humidity of the chicken manure is kept to be 8-12%;
step ten: and D, granulating the dried chicken manure in the step two, and keeping the particle size at 80 meshes to obtain the required chicken manure.
Wherein the preparation method of the straw comprises the following steps,
step eleven: cutting and crushing straw raw materials to obtain straw particles;
step twelve: drying the straw particles to ensure that the water content is not higher than 5%;
step thirteen: and D, further granulating the straw particles dried in the step two to keep the particle size of the straw particles at 120 meshes, and thus obtaining the required straw.
Wherein, in the fifth step, the soil disinfectant mainly comprises formalin, and the mixing ratio of the formalin to the water is 1: 200.
Example 2
Aiming at the fruit tree planting effect test of the fruit tree planting soil improved by the method, 3 pieces of the planting soil test field improved by the method are taken, wherein the improved fertilizer comprises 30 parts of straws, 12.5 parts of grass peat, 12.5 parts of slaked lime, 20 parts of chicken manure, 20 parts of wormcast and 5 parts of zymophyte by weight, the rest components are water, 9 common test fields are respectively taken, the planting objects are apples, wild peaches and pomegranates, wherein the soil improvement test field of the invention is expressed as group A, the common 3 test fields are respectively expressed as a control group 1, a control group 2 and a control group 3, after fruit trees ripen, the average size of single fruit, the eating mouthfeel and the yield per mu of fruit are respectively compared and evaluated, the average size and the yield of the fruit are weighed, the eating mouthfeel of the fruit is graded (full score of 10), and the performance conditions of each group after evaluation are shown in the following table;
table one is the overall performance of each group when apple is planted:
| group of | Single particle weight (g) | Edible taste | Yield per mu (kg) |
| Control group 1 | 235 | 8.64 | 1247 |
| Control group 2 | 326 | 7.87 | 1444 |
| Control group 3 | 307 | 7.12 | 1426 |
| Group A | 414 | 8.75 | 1785 |
As can be seen from the table I, the fruit tree soil improved by the method has certain advantages in single weight and yield compared with the common planting field when the apples are planted, the edible mouthfeel of the apples is kept at a high score level, and the soil improved by the method is suitable for planting the apples.
The second table shows the overall performance of each group when wild peaches are planted:
| group of | Single particle weight (g) | Edible taste | Yield per mu (kg) |
| Control group 1 | 187 | 7.36 | 1747 |
| Control group 2 | 98 | 7.10 | 2008 |
| Control group 3 | 324 | 8.65 | 1263 |
| Group A | 305 | 8.75 | 2335 |
As can be seen from the second table, the fruit tree soil improved by the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the wild peach yield is greatly improved when wild peach trees are planted, the edible taste is guaranteed, and the method is suitable for planting and popularization.
The third table shows the overall performance of each group when planting pomegranate:
| group of | Single particle weight (g) | Edible taste | Yield per mu (kg) |
| Control group 1 | 374 | 7.58 | 1771 |
| Control group 2 | 321 | 8.09 | 1330 |
| Control group 3 | 275 | 8.68 | 1575 |
| Group A | 350 | 9.14 | 1836 |
From the third table, the fruit tree soil improved by the method has greater advantages in edible mouthfeel when the pomegranate is planted than other common test fields, and the improved soil is suitable for planting pomegranate varieties with excellent quality.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A method for improving fruit tree cultivation soil is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: integrally turning the soil to be improved, wherein the turning depth is 100 plus 120cm, and breaking the soil blocks to keep the specification uniform;
step two: adding improved fertilizer into the ploughed soil, ploughing again, uniformly stirring the improved fertilizer with the addition amount of 2000 kg/mu, and standing for 15 days;
step three: turning over the soil after standing in the second step again, and ditching ridges, wherein the ditching depth is 15-25cm, and the row spacing is kept to be 1.5-2 m;
step four: carrying out water passing test on the furrows and ridges, testing the drainage smoothness of the furrows and the firmness of the planting ridges, and naturally airing the planting soil after testing;
step five: spraying and watering the surface of the orchard soil after furrowing and ridging, mixing a dissolved soil disinfectant in a spraying and watering water source, wherein the spraying and watering amount of the orchard soil per mu is 1.5-2mm, covering the surface of a soil layer with a plastic film after spraying and watering is finished, and uncovering the film after 8-10 days;
step six: in the fifth step, after the film is uncovered, the gas is volatilized for 2 to 3 days;
step seven: and excavating planting holes for planting fruit tree seedlings.
2. The method of improving fruit tree cultivation soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the improved fertilizer in the second step comprises, by weight, 25-35 parts of straw, 10-15 parts of grass peat, 10-15 parts of slaked lime, 15-25 parts of chicken manure, 15-25 parts of wormcast, 4-6 parts of zymophyte and the balance of water.
3. A method of improving fruit tree cultivation soil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the main components of the improved fertilizer in the second step comprise, by weight, 30 parts of straws, 12.5 parts of grass peat, 12.5 parts of slaked lime, 20 parts of chicken manure, 20 parts of wormcast, 5 parts of zymophyte, and the balance of water.
4. A method of improving fruit tree cultivation soil according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the preparation method of the chicken manure comprises the following steps,
step eight: adding clear water into the chicken manure raw material, stirring and mixing, wherein the using ratio of the manure water is 1:1, and keeping the uniformity of the granularity when the chicken manure is dissolved;
step nine: drying the water-containing chicken manure until the humidity of the chicken manure is kept to be 8-12%;
step ten: and D, granulating the dried chicken manure in the step two, and keeping the particle size at 80 meshes to obtain the required chicken manure.
5. The method for improving fruit tree cultivation soil according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the straw is prepared by the steps of,
step eleven: cutting and crushing straw raw materials to obtain straw particles;
step twelve: drying the straw particles to ensure that the water content is not higher than 5%;
step thirteen: and D, further granulating the straw particles dried in the step two to keep the particle size of the straw particles at 120 meshes, and thus obtaining the required straw.
6. The method of improving fruit tree cultivation soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the soil disinfectant mainly comprises formalin, and the mixing ratio of the formalin to water is 1: 200.
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| CN202010892367.4A CN111955089A (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Method for improving fruit tree cultivation soil |
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| CN202010892367.4A CN111955089A (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Method for improving fruit tree cultivation soil |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114531991A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏省地质调查研究院 | Coastal saline-alkali soil matrix improvement method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013087265A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-05-13 | Toyo Shoji Kk | Soil conditioner |
| CN103609274A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-03-05 | 孔赟荣 | High-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich purple sweet potatoes |
| CN104798573A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-29 | 河南丰田种业有限公司 | High-yield planting method for wheat |
| CN104920049A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-23 | 铜陵凤威农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating seedlings of oil peonies |
-
2020
- 2020-08-28 CN CN202010892367.4A patent/CN111955089A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013087265A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-05-13 | Toyo Shoji Kk | Soil conditioner |
| CN103609274A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-03-05 | 孔赟荣 | High-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich purple sweet potatoes |
| CN104798573A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-29 | 河南丰田种业有限公司 | High-yield planting method for wheat |
| CN104920049A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-23 | 铜陵凤威农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating seedlings of oil peonies |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114531991A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏省地质调查研究院 | Coastal saline-alkali soil matrix improvement method |
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