CN104686136A - Cut-flower paeonia rockii cultivating and flower cutting method - Google Patents
Cut-flower paeonia rockii cultivating and flower cutting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686136A CN104686136A CN201510066092.8A CN201510066092A CN104686136A CN 104686136 A CN104686136 A CN 104686136A CN 201510066092 A CN201510066092 A CN 201510066092A CN 104686136 A CN104686136 A CN 104686136A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention relates to a cut-flower paeonia rockii cultivating and flower cutting method. The cut-flower paeonia rockii cultivating and flower cutting method comprises the following steps: (1), utilizing cut-flower paeonia rockii breeds, which grow for three years after being grafted, as seedlings; (2), selecting loamy silt soil and silt soil as a cultivation land, and fertilizing dried human excrement or barnyard manure; (3), planting seedlings from the late September to the late October at each year; (4), hoeing, loosening the soil, topdressing and watering by using the conventional method; (5), performing pest control, closing with earth and overwintering by using the conventional method; (6), training and pruning: when performing constant-stand pruning in winter at the second year, selecting 4-5 uniformly distributed and healthily grown branches from each plant to be candidate cut-flowers in the next year, cutting off the rest from the root, cultivating, strengthening branches and fertilizing flower buds; when pruning in winter at the third year, selecting 4-5 sprouting branches from each plant, and cultivating standby cut-flower branches at the fourth year; selecting 10-12 branches of paeonia rockii, which are grown for more than five years, from each plant; (7), selecting sunny days from the early April to the late June to continuously prune; (8), pre-cooling and packaging flower branches to obtain the cut-flower paeonia rockii. The cut-flower paeonia rockii cultivating and flower cutting method is easy to implement and has low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cut-flower method, particularly relate to the cultivation of cut-flower Paeonia papaveracea and cut-flower method.
Background technology
Tree peony (Classification system:
paeonia suffruticosaandr.) being Ranunculaceae, Paeonia plant, is perennial machaka.Machaka, high 1 ~ 1.5 meter; Two times trifoliolate leaves, leaflet normal 3 ~ 5 splits; Open white, redness or purple flower early summer, spend single raw large-scale; Gynoecium is born on meat floral disc, close by fine, soft fur.The plant of China Central Plains tree peony cultivars group is generally short and small, and current-year branch length is scarcely more than 40cm, and not resistant to shearing before and after the florescence, scape is bending not straight etc., and the kind being suitable for cut-flower is few.
And be distributed in Paeonia papaveracea in the hillside underbrush of Northern Sichuan Province, SOUTH OF GANSU, Southern Shaanxi (Mount Taibai district) height above sea level 1100 ~ 2800 meters (formal name used at school:
paeonia suffruticosaandrews var.
papaveracea(Andrews) Kerner) be the mutation of tree peony.Paeonia papaveracea petal inner face base portion tool darkviolet patch.Leaf is two to three times winglike compound leaves, and leaflet does not divide, and does not rarely wait 2 ~ 4 shallowly to split.Hua great, petal white.59 kinds that Paeonia papaveracea is newly cultivated in northwest are suitable for cut-flower, and these kind current-year branch length are generally at more than 40cm, and individual plants annual shoot length can reach 70cm.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the cultivation of a kind of cut-flower Paeonia papaveracea easy to implement, with low cost and cut-flower method.
For solving the problem, cut-flower Paeonia papaveracea cultivation of the present invention and cut-flower method, comprise the following steps:
(1) select that annual branch is long 50 ~ 60 centimetres, fresh idea is upright, fragrance is pure, the Paeonia papaveracea of corolla footpath 12 ~ 15cm is as cut-flower Cultivar; And using described cut-flower Cultivar triennial after grafting as seedling;
(2) select loamy texture silt and silt loam as cultivation soil, and execute large argol 2000kg or barnyard manure 3500kg by every 666.67 ㎡;
In annual late September to late October, cultivate seedling described in soil field planting 2000 ~ 2500 strain by described in every 666.67 ㎡, field planting line-spacing is 60 ~ 80cm, and spacing in the rows is 50 ~ 60cm;
(4) carry out loose ground according to a conventional method, topdress and water;
(5) carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest and seal soil to hibernate according to a conventional method;
(6) pruning:
From Second Year to determine spring stock prune time, often select good strains in the field for seed stay 4 ~ 5 to be evenly distributed, robust growth branch, as the use of next year candidate cut-flower, remaining is all cut from base portion, cultivates the fertile flower bud of vigorous branches; When within 3rd year, spring prunes, every strain is selected and remain 4 ~ 5 descendants again, cultivates the 4th year cut-flower branch for subsequent use; The Paeonia papaveracea of more than 5 years is then often selected good strains in the field for seed and stays 10 ~ 12;
(7) select the spray of described step (6) gained to be carried out continuous shear stress when the first tenday period of a month in April to June, the last ten-days period, weather was fine, and make spray length be 40 cm, cut angle is 45 °, and each spray stays 3 leaves; Wherein single-lobe kind is sheared when the micro-dew look of bud, and double variety is sheared when bud Lu Seda 4 ~ 8 millimeters;
(8) the spray of described step (7) gained is placed 1 ~ 2h, and training is bundled into a packing by 10 after being chilled to room temperature in advance, puts into and grow 100 cm, wide 70 cm, high 60 cm and be provided with the packing case of five layers of packing case paper.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is by seed selection, field production, pruning, obtains the Paeonia papaveracea of suitable cut-flower, and makes Paeonia papaveracea cut-flower move towards land for growing field crops large-scale production from family workshop, thus scattered flower-grower integrated, realize large-scale planting, intensive management.Meanwhile, the present invention also produces for Paeonia papaveracea cut-flower and provides standardized production model, thus improves the Quality and yield of Paeonia papaveracea cut-flower, meets the demand of growing Market of Fresh Cut Flower to Paeonia papaveracea cut-flower.
2, the present invention is simple and easy to do, with low cost.
Embodiment
The cultivation of cut-flower Paeonia papaveracea and cut-flower method, comprise the following steps:
(1) select that annual branch is long 50 ~ 60 centimetres, fresh idea is upright, fragrance is pure, the Paeonia papaveracea of corolla footpath 12 ~ 15cm is as cut-flower Cultivar (as red in peace, have half share, the color curtain of blue account, Qilian rainbow, blue cloud a thousand li, fountain, beautiful hat red line, shepherdess, the northern scenery, peaceful powder, snow mountain goldentop, redly to lead a cow), this cut-flower Cultivar rudiment power, strong, the resistance to pruning of one-tenth principal stresses, large in blade, top petiole is shorter, the male character types in Chinese operas, usu. referring tov the bearded character degree little, disease and insect resistance, has stronger adaptability; And using cut-flower Cultivar triennial after grafting as seedling.
(2) select the high spacious well-drained loamy texture silt (being commonly called as light sand ground) that the soil is porous, soil layer is deep on the sunny side and silt loam (be commonly called as two conjunctions soil or half sand partly become silted up soil) as cultivation soil, and execute large argol 2000kg or barnyard manure 3500kg by every 666.67 ㎡.Crop rotation in general 5 years once.
In annual late September to late October, cultivate seedling described in soil field planting 2000 ~ 2500 strain by described in every 666.67 ㎡, field planting line-spacing is 60 ~ 80cm, and spacing in the rows is 50 ~ 60cm.
(4) carry out loose ground according to a conventional method, topdress and water.Wherein:
1. loose ground:
Before and after early Febuary in spring to late March, take earthing on 3 or four years Paeonia papaveracea buds off, 2 years only go to top, stay base portion soil; 1 year do not pull out earthing, as earthing is blocked up, only go south thicker to divide; the north motionless, bud still retains the earthing of 3cm, to protect young shoot.Late March and early April, the Paeonia papaveracea in each year carries out second time, third time hoes the fields.Second time must be uprooted deeply, and generally at 8 ~ 12cm, and will uproot thin, can not stay the dried rhizome of rehmannia, third time determines the depth of hoing the fields according to soil dry-wet, should be specifically noted that and can not wound or touch off tree peony tender shoots.After tree peony blossom fall, within 2 to 4 years, Paeonia papaveracea enters through the shallow pick of row, the degree of depth 12 ~ 18cm.Later as sky drought, within every about 15 days, uproot once, to strengthen drought-resistant ability.Enter flood season, high temperature and rainy, soil moisture is large, and easily harden in earth's surface, weeds grow more, now should diligently uproot, shallow hoe, and to accelerate moisture evaporation, make soil dry as early as possible, weeds are dead.Be the crucial moment of committing genocide of hoeing up weeds between early August to late August, answer shallow hoe, hoe thin, weeds were eliminated before setting seeds, to reduce the Weed infestation in tree peony in coming year plot as far as possible.
2. topdress and water:
The kind of fertilizer is more, has large argol, soya-bean cake, cottonseed cake, the sesame dregs of fat, vegetable seed fertilizer, farmyard manure etc., but with large argol as well.For improving cut-flower Paeonia papaveracea seed output and quality, rich water quality management be strengthened.After cut-flower Paeonia papaveracea plastic trimming in spring, sesame dregs of fat be imposed and macerate ripe soya-bean cake, colza cake etc. in advance.Every 666.67 ㎡ (mu) execute 250kg, water in time after fertilising.Blade face can be sprayed the urea liquid of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate+3 ‰ of a time 5 ‰ for 10 days.Shear zineb 1000 times of liquid that the last fortnight sprays a time 45%, the spray of flower the last fortnight once, at shearing the last fortnight, sprays the Gibberellins solution of a 200ppm.To plant the tree peony of First Year, generally do not topdress.From Second Year after cultivation, topdress every year 2 to 3 times.First time carries out before and after late March, ensures that shoot ramp and flower bud development have enough nutrients.Post flowering just branches and leaves vigorous growth and bud start differentiation when, second time should be carried out and topdress, with impel robust plant growth and flower_bud formation.Third time carries out before grave mound after the Beginning of Winter early November, and this time consumption can be some more, can increase soil fertility, contribute to again the protection of surviving the winter of tree peony.Topdressed spread manuer in holes, ditch spread, the tree peony of life in 1,2 year adopts spreads manuer in holes or the method for ditch spread in the ranks between strain, and 12 ~ 18 dark left and right opened by ditch, executed by fertilizer in ditch with on earth mulch.The plant of more than 3 years, adopts general excuting a law, and spreads in ground by general for fertilizer, and dark hoe loosens the soil, and makes fertilizer Homogeneous phase mixing in soil.
The number of the times and water volume watered, plant life in 1,2 year should being grasped according to the length of the degree of arid and the plant time limit because of root few and short, drought-resistant ability is poor, if damage caused by a drought is heavier, should water in time; 3, plant such as the severe drought of more than 4 years also will water; As unexpected overdrying will water a water at every turn after topdressing.
(5) carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest and seal soil to hibernate according to a conventional method.Wherein:
The I extermination of disease and insect pest:
Mainly soil insect grub, grub stings food root, and early July is the heaviest to early September, often root is bitten, bites number place broken, heavy.Prevention and controls: mole cricket can be made into poison bait with wheat bran, in being sprinkling upon field trapping at dusk; Also can at lamp light trapping at night.Control of grubs, execute the fertilizer of fermentation maturity, and add phoxim, and it is dark, respond well to plough under in soil 20cm.
II seal soil to hibernate:
Paeonia papaveracea is more cold-resistant, and in the Northwest, winter do not add any protection and can survive the winter.Seal soil to hibernate, for avoiding winter people and animals to the infringement of tree peony, is carried out to raw Paeonia papaveracea of each year in some place.1, the Paeonia papaveracea ridging envelope pier of life in 2 years.After annual late October, chopping leaf in ground one is swept and only burn, then seal up from the digging of plant surrounding.1, the Paeonia papaveracea of life in 2 years should all be buried in the earth, and the Paeonia papaveracea of life in 3,4 years is large, and ridging is highly that the only ridging of more than 2/3,5 years of plant is to base portion.Grave mound is unsuitable blocked up, and general thickness of earth covering is 15 ~ 25cm.After grave mound, turn over one time to the tree peony ground of life in 2,3,4 years is shallow, leveling is passed the winter.
(6) pruning:
From Second Year to determine spring stock prune time, often select good strains in the field for seed stay 4 ~ 5 to be evenly distributed, robust growth branch, as the use of next year candidate cut-flower, remaining is all cut from base portion, cultivates the fertile flower bud of vigorous branches; When within 3rd year, spring prunes, every strain is selected and remain 4 ~ 5 descendants again, cultivates the 4th year cut-flower branch for subsequent use; The Paeonia papaveracea of more than 5 years is then often selected good strains in the field for seed and stays 10 ~ 12.Along with the increase of Paeonia papaveracea growth year, the branch number selected and remain also should increase year by year in right amount.
(7) select the spray of step (6) gained to be carried out continuous shear stress when the first tenday period of a month in April to June, the last ten-days period, weather was fine, and make spray length be 40 cm, cut angle is 45 °, and each spray stays 3 leaves; Wherein single-lobe kind is sheared when the micro-dew look of bud, and double variety is sheared when bud Lu Seda 4 ~ 8 millimeters.
(8) the spray of step (7) gained is placed 1 ~ 2h, blade is wilted condition slightly, and training is bundled into a packing by 10 after being chilled to room temperature in advance, puts into and grows 100 cm, wide 70 cm, high 60 cm and be provided with the packing case of five layers of packing case paper.
Claims (1)
1. the cultivation of cut-flower Paeonia papaveracea and cut-flower method, comprises the following steps:
(1) select that annual branch is long 50 ~ 60 centimetres, fresh idea is upright, fragrance is pure, the Paeonia papaveracea of corolla footpath 12 ~ 15cm is as cut-flower Cultivar; And using described cut-flower Cultivar triennial after grafting as seedling;
(2) select loamy texture silt and silt loam as cultivation soil, and execute large argol 2000kg or barnyard manure 3500kg by every 666.67 ㎡;
In annual late September to late October, cultivate seedling described in soil field planting 2000 ~ 2500 strain by described in every 666.67 ㎡, field planting line-spacing is 60 ~ 80cm, and spacing in the rows is 50 ~ 60cm;
(4) carry out loose ground according to a conventional method, topdress and water;
(5) carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest and seal soil to hibernate according to a conventional method;
(6) pruning:
From Second Year to determine spring stock prune time, often select good strains in the field for seed stay 4 ~ 5 to be evenly distributed, robust growth branch, as the use of next year candidate cut-flower, remaining is all cut from base portion, cultivates the fertile flower bud of vigorous branches; When within 3rd year, spring prunes, every strain is selected and remain 4 ~ 5 descendants again, cultivates the 4th year cut-flower branch for subsequent use; The Paeonia papaveracea of more than 5 years is then often selected good strains in the field for seed and stays 10 ~ 12;
(7) select the spray of described step (6) gained to be carried out continuous shear stress when the first tenday period of a month in April to June, the last ten-days period, weather was fine, and make spray length be 40 cm, cut angle is 45 °, and each spray stays 3 leaves; Wherein single-lobe kind is sheared when the micro-dew look of bud, and double variety is sheared when bud Lu Seda 4 ~ 8 millimeters;
(8) the spray of described step (7) gained is placed 1 ~ 2h, and training is bundled into a packing by 10 after being chilled to room temperature in advance, puts into and grow 100 cm, wide 70 cm, high 60 cm and be provided with the packing case of five layers of packing case paper.
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| CN104920049A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-23 | 铜陵凤威农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating seedlings of oil peonies |
| CN107750883A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-03-06 | 祥云县琼芝农业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of tree peony |
| CN109258372A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-25 | 赤峰学院 | A method of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil |
| CN113115675A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏同仁园林工程有限公司 | Ornamental peony planting and propagating method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104920049A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-23 | 铜陵凤威农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating seedlings of oil peonies |
| CN107750883A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-03-06 | 祥云县琼芝农业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of tree peony |
| CN109258372A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-25 | 赤峰学院 | A method of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil |
| CN113115675A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏同仁园林工程有限公司 | Ornamental peony planting and propagating method |
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