CN106386355A - A cultivation method for increasing the yield of paeonia ostii through close planting and fertilizing - Google Patents
A cultivation method for increasing the yield of paeonia ostii through close planting and fertilizing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386355A CN106386355A CN201610829249.2A CN201610829249A CN106386355A CN 106386355 A CN106386355 A CN 106386355A CN 201610829249 A CN201610829249 A CN 201610829249A CN 106386355 A CN106386355 A CN 106386355A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for increasing the yield of paeonia ostii through close planting and fertilizing and belongs to the technical field of peony cultivation. The method comprises the steps of: in autumn of the first year, planting seedlings with three planting densities, wherein the seedlings are all subjected to stubbling treatment; in early spring of the second year, applying organic fertilizer; after blooming in spring of the third year, applying organic fertilizer and foliage fertilizer cooperatively; in summer of the third year, applying foliage fertilizer; in autumn of the third year, before winter, applying organic fertilizer. While paeonia suffruticosa for oil is planted, vegetables are interplanted. The method can promote peony branching; after a single-stem peony seedling is subjected to stubbling, 2-5 branches can be increased, so that the yield is increased; the types and the amount of applied organic fertilizer and the number of times of application of organic fertilizer are of great importance for the growth of paeonia ostii, and further the biotic stress resisting capability of plants can be influenced, and the yield can be influenced; through the interplanting of grain and oil crops, land resources are fully utilized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilising by dense planting promotes the cultural method of Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa yield, belong to Peony Growing Technology
Field.
Background technology
Paeonia suffruticosa is China's endemic tree, belongs to Paeoniaceae Paeonia.Paeonia suffruticosa is perennial machaka, and wild tree peonies grow
Slowly, plant type is little, and plant height how between 0.5～2 meter, just can blossom and have seeds by Seedling propagation 3-5.Root meat, slightly grows, center
Lignifying, length is typically at 0.5～0.8 meter.On March 22nd, 2011, health ministry surveillance authority according to《The law of food safety》's
Regulation, through the examination ＆ verification of new resource food evaluation expert committee, official approval peony seed oil is new resource food.Oil is included with Paeonia suffruticosa
Paeonia ostii and two series of Paeonia papaveracea；Paeonia ostii root has had more than 3000 years history as medicinal, and the exploitation that oil is worth increased
Its added value.According to the detection of national grain and oil quality Supervision Test Center, peony seed oil is up to 92.26% containing unsaturated fatty acid, especially
It is that alpha-linolenic acid content therein reaches more than 42%, quality is apparently higher than other edible oil.Additionally, seed of Flos Moutan yield per unit area
High, oil yield is high.Oil starts result on the 3rd year with Paeonia suffruticosa, and to the phase of abounding with, general per mu yield can reach 300 kilograms, greatly within the 4th～6 year
It is higher than greatly traditional oil crop such as soybean peanut.Oil is perennial shrub with Paeonia suffruticosa, sets seeds 30～40 years phases of abounding with, one " kind " is forever
Ease, management cost is extremely low, and ecological benefits are more preferable.For this reason, Paeonia ostii plantation upsurge has been risen in the whole nation, by the end of the year 2014, the whole nation is
122.48 ten thousand mu of Paeonia suffruticosa used by plantation oil, produces 1612.59 ten thousand kilograms of seed of Flos Moutan, peony seed oil processing enterprise 49 per year, receives employment
Personnel 23.63 ten thousand people.Therefore Paeonia suffruticosa is used to oil（Paeonia ostii）Cultivation technique is put forward higher requirement, and how to realize efficiently planting
Training, is the key technology of restriction seed of Flos Moutan yield.At present, in prior art, Paeonia ostii is sowing and breeding nursery stock, and a lot of enterprises lead to
Cross Paeonia suffruticosa seedling of planting and carry out seed of Flos Moutan production, general seedling is directly planted after digging out from ground, blooms to be rapidly achieved
Set seeds effect, do not carry out stump, a large amount of non-science means such as the chemical fertilizer such as compound fertilizer of applying are cultivated, and cause Paeonia ostii only bar Seedling existing
As, fertilizers input unreasonable structure it is impossible to determining rationally and quantitative fertilization；The nitrogen fertilizer application having, have only applies an ammonium or diammonium
Deng, chemical fertilizer application to the pollution problem of environment really etc., impact Paeonia suffruticosa yield and seed of Flos Moutan quality simultaneously.In addition, background technology is only
It is to plant merely Paeonia suffruticosa it is impossible to make full use of land resource, increasing both production and income.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of fertilising by dense planting promotes the cultural method of Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa yield, dense planting kind
Plant, and foliage fertilizer is coordinated by fertilizer, realize high yield, high-quality, the Efficient Cultivation of high anti-Paeonia ostii, good with Paeonia suffruticosa industry for oil
Development provides supporting technology, and the peony seed oil for providing green safety provides safeguard, and makes full use of land resource, solves background skill
The problems referred to above that art exists.
A kind of fertilising by dense planting promotes the cultural method of Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa yield, comprises following sport technique segment：
Implantation time
Early September is selected to be planted to mid-October；Ancients have good summary to Peony growing experience." after the Autumnal Equinox, the Double Ninth Festival
Before, seven Radix Paeoniaes, eight Paeonia suffruticosas "；" Paeonia suffruticosa divides, plants, connecing, planting all in the autumn ".
Plantation plot
Paeonia ostii seedling selects the chiltern ground that draining is good, face south, and soil pH is 6.0-7.5；Fruit tree ground, forest land require sunshade degree 50%
Below.
In First Year autumn, plant seedling, following three kinds of planting density：
The first：Every mu of 3000-4000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing is 40 × 50cm or 30 × 60cm；
Second：Every mu of 6000-7000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing is 20 × 50cm or 15 × 60cm；In Second Year autumn, go every one plant
Except one plant, plant as ornamental peonies grafting or separately；
The third：Every mu of 10000-12000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing is 20 × 25cm or 15 × 30cm；Second Year autumn, Mei Geyi
Row removes a line, plants as ornamental peonies grafting or separately；In 3rd year autumn, remove one plant every one plant, male as viewing and admiring
Red grafting or separately plant；
During plantation, whole seedling stumps are processed；
After seedling transports to field, need the seedling of stump, 2-3 centimeters carry out stump above root up first bud,
Stump should not be too low, to protect budlet then；After planting in the ground after stump, it is compacted earthing, helps to maintain moisture and promote
Enter branch.The seedling not needing stump is directly planted；150-200 kilogram of cake fertilizer of every mu of administration when planting；Earthing insulation after planting
Promote tiller, 10-20 centimetre of thickness of earth-fill cover.
Plant simultaneously, application of organic fertilizers is as base fertilizer；
When planting, in planting pit or ditch, add fertilizer, as base fertilizer, be that seedling root growth in next year carries with stem and leaf growth
For fertilizer.
Second Year early spring in spring application of organic fertilizers；
Early spring Paeonia suffruticosa starts to root, early spring sprout after want application of organic fertilizers, promote the growth of root and nourish and grow, and for opening
Flower provides nutrient.April, 1500-2000 kilogram of sheep stool of every mu of administration, provide nutrient for its growth；Mid or late May, spray
The foliage fertilizer of phosphorous potassium, phosphorus potassium volume ratio is 1：2-1：3, moistened with blade face and be advisable, spray and be spaced apart 15-20 days, spray number of times
For 3-5 time.
After 3rd year spring was spent, application of organic fertilizers coordinates foliage fertilizer
Due to the nursery stock after stump, Second Year spring does not bloom, the 3rd year spring Post flowering, application of organic fertilizers, and combines blade face
Spray fertilizer promotes bud differentiation.Before April is spent, 1500-2000 kilogram of sheep stool of every mu of administration, provide nutrient for its growth；Every mu after spending
Apply 150-200 kilogram of cake fertilizer, application process using spreading manuer in holes, dig during cave will 10-15 centimetre from peony plant, cover flat after fertilising, and
Spray the foliage fertilizer of phosphorous potassium, the volume ratio of phosphorus potassium is 1 simultaneously：2-1：3, moistened with blade face and be advisable, promote bud differentiation；Spray
It is spaced apart 15-20 days, spraying number of times is 3-5 time.
3rd year summer applied foliage fertilizer
Summer high temperature high humidity, blade, can be easily susceptible while vigorous growth, such as leaf blight, powdery mildew etc., by spraying leaf
Leaven, while promoting growth, improves blade resistances against diseases.
3rd year autumn entered application of organic fertilizers before the winter
Autumn enters watering, fertilizing before the winter, improves Paeonia ostii freezing tolerance, and can be in the 4th year spring quick restoration ecosystem.Autumn enters the winter
Before water, and every mu is applied 1000-1500 kilogram of farm manure, and improving ground temperature simultaneously increases Paeonia ostii freezing tolerance.
The present invention can also be while Paeonia suffruticosa be used by plantation oil, intercropping grain and oil crop：
For example：From grain and oil crops such as Semen sojae atricolor, Semen phaseoli radiati, Semen Sesamis, the density of Paeonia suffruticosa is every mu of 3000-4000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing
For 40 × 50cm or 30 × 60cm；Intercrop grain and oil crop in Paeonia suffruticosa.
The innovative point of the present invention is：Paeonia ostii stump, dense planting, Efficient Cultivation, same time are carried out by fertilising auxiliary foliage fertilizer
Make interplanting greening seedling and fruit tree, make full use of land resource.
The positive effect of the present invention：Promote Paeonia suffruticosa branch, after the only bar Seedling stump of one plant of Paeonia suffruticosa, branch tree 2-5 can be increased
Branch, the increase of branch tree represents each flower tree to be increased, and then increases yield.The species of organic fertilizer application, quantity and secondary
Number is most important for Paeonia ostii growth, also affects the biotic ability of plant simultaneously, and then affects yield, intercropping grain
Oily crop, makes full use of land resource.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further for example below：
Pass through after a kind of Paeonia ostii stump to apply the cultural method that auxiliary foliage fertilizer promotes Paeonia suffruticosa yield, comprise following sport technique segment：
Implantation time
Early September is selected to be planted to mid-October；Ancients have good summary to Peony growing experience." after the Autumnal Equinox, the Double Ninth Festival
Before, seven Radix Paeoniaes, eight Paeonia suffruticosas "；" Paeonia suffruticosa divides, plants, connecing, planting all in the autumn ".
Plantation plot
Paeonia ostii seedling selects the chiltern ground that draining is good, face south, and soil pH is 6.0-7.5；Fruit tree ground, forest land require sunshade degree 50%
Below.Oil is not high to the selectivity in soil with Paeonia suffruticosa Paeonia ostii, the growth characteristics such as drought-resistant, barren-resistant, resistance to high and cold, resistance to shade, in a large number
Suitable for afforestationly, a large amount of low production forests, inferior woods, a large amount of economic forests（Sylvan life catch cropping）, waste ridge unfertile land in a large number, available sand ground in a large number,
A large amount of Rural Plain Areas irrigation canals and ditches roadsides Around the house, plot that need to update etc. of conceding the land to forestry in a large number all can be planted.
In First Year autumn, plant seedling, following three kinds of planting density：
The first：Every mu of 3000-4000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing is 40 × 50cm or 30 × 60cm；
Second：Every mu of 6000-7000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing is 20 × 50cm or 15 × 60cm；In Second Year autumn, go every one plant
Except one plant, plant as ornamental peonies grafting or separately；
The third：Every mu of 10000-12000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing is 20 × 25cm or 15 × 30cm；Second Year autumn, Mei Geyi
Row removes a line, plants as ornamental peonies grafting or separately；In 3rd year autumn, remove one plant every one plant, male as viewing and admiring
Red grafting or separately plant；
During plantation, whole seedling stumps are processed；
After seedling transports to field, need the seedling of stump, 2-3 centimeters carry out stump above root up first bud,
Stump should not be too low, to protect budlet then；After planting in the ground after stump, it is compacted earthing, helps to maintain moisture and promote
Enter branch；150-200 kilogram of cake fertilizer of every mu of administration when planting；After planting, earthing insulation promotees tiller, 10-20 centimetre of thickness of earth-fill cover.
Plant simultaneously, application of organic fertilizers is as base fertilizer；
When planting, in planting pit or ditch, add fertilizer, as base fertilizer, be that seedling root growth in next year carries with stem and leaf growth
For fertilizer.
Second Year early spring in spring application of organic fertilizers；
Early spring Paeonia suffruticosa starts to root, early spring sprout after want application of organic fertilizers, promote the growth of root and nourish and grow, and for opening
Flower provides nutrient.April, 1500-2000 kilogram of sheep stool of every mu of administration, provide nutrient for its growth；Mid or late May, spray
The foliage fertilizer of phosphorous potassium, phosphorus potassium volume ratio is 1：2-1：3, moistened with blade face and be advisable, spray and be spaced apart 15-20 days, spray number of times
For 3-5 time.
After 3rd year spring was spent, application of organic fertilizers coordinates foliage fertilizer
Due to the nursery stock after stump, Second Year spring does not bloom, the 3rd year spring Post flowering, application of organic fertilizers, and combines blade face
Spray fertilizer promotes bud differentiation.Before April is spent, 1500-2000 kilogram of sheep stool of every mu of administration, provide nutrient for its growth；Every mu after spending
Apply 150-200 kilogram of cake fertilizer, application process using spreading manuer in holes, dig during cave will 10-15 centimetre from peony plant, cover flat after fertilising, and
Spray the foliage fertilizer of phosphorous potassium, the volume ratio of phosphorus potassium is 1 simultaneously：2-1：3, moistened with blade face and be advisable, promote bud differentiation；Spray
It is spaced apart 15-20 days, spraying number of times is 3-5 time.
3rd year summer applied foliage fertilizer
Summer high temperature high humidity, blade, can be easily susceptible while vigorous growth, such as leaf blight, powdery mildew etc., by spraying leaf
Leaven, while promoting growth, improves blade resistances against diseases.
3rd year autumn entered application of organic fertilizers before the winter
Autumn enters watering, fertilizing before the winter, improves Paeonia ostii freezing tolerance, and can be in the 4th year spring quick restoration ecosystem.Autumn enters the winter
Before water, and every mu is applied 1000-1500 kilogram of farm manure, and improving ground temperature simultaneously increases Paeonia ostii freezing tolerance.
The present invention can also be while Paeonia suffruticosa be used by plantation oil, intercropping grain and oil crop：
For example：From grain and oil crops such as Semen sojae atricolor, Semen phaseoli radiati, Semen Sesamis, the density of Paeonia suffruticosa is every mu of 3000-4000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing
For 40 × 50cm or 30 × 60cm；Intercrop grain and oil crop in Paeonia suffruticosa.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of cultural method by dense planting fertilising promotion Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa yield is it is characterised in that comprise the steps of：
Implantation time
Early September is selected to be planted to mid-October；
Plantation plot
Paeonia ostii seedling selects draining, chiltern ground on the sunny side, and soil pH is 6.0-7.5；Fruit tree ground, forest land require sunshade degree 50% with
Under；
In First Year autumn, plant seedling, following three kinds of planting density：
The first：Every mu of 3000-4000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing is 40 × 50cm or 30 × 60cm；
Second：Every mu of 6000-7000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing is 20 × 50cm or 15 × 60cm；In Second Year autumn, go every one plant
Except one plant, plant as ornamental peonies grafting or separately；
The third：Every mu of 10000-12000 strain of planting, seeding row spacing is 20 × 25cm or 15 × 30cm；Second Year autumn, Mei Geyi
Row removes a line, plants as ornamental peonies grafting or separately；In 3rd year autumn, remove one plant every one plant, male as viewing and admiring
Red grafting or separately plant；
During plantation, whole seedling stumps are processed；
After seedling transports to field, need the seedling of stump, 2-3 centimeters carry out stump above root up first bud；
After planting in the ground after stump, it is compacted earthing；150-200 kilogram of cake fertilizer of every mu of administration when planting；After planting, earthing insulation promotees to divide
Tiller, 10-20 centimetre of thickness of earth-fill cover；
Plant simultaneously, application of organic fertilizers is as base fertilizer；
When planting, in planting pit or ditch, add fertilizer, as base fertilizer, be that seedling root growth in next year carries with stem and leaf growth
For fertilizer；
Second Year early spring in spring application of organic fertilizers；
Early spring Paeonia suffruticosa starts to root, early spring sprout after want application of organic fertilizers, promote the growth of root and nourish and grow, and for opening
Flower provides nutrient；April, 1500-2000 kilogram of sheep stool of every mu of administration, provide nutrient for its growth；Mid or late May, spray
The foliage fertilizer of phosphorous potassium, phosphorus potassium volume ratio is 1：2-1：3, spray and be spaced apart 15-20 days, spraying number of times is 3-5 time；
After 3rd year spring was spent, application of organic fertilizers coordinates foliage fertilizer
Due to the nursery stock after stump, Second Year spring does not bloom, the 3rd year spring Post flowering, application of organic fertilizers, and combines blade face
Spray fertilizer promotes bud differentiation；Before April is spent, 1500-2000 kilogram of sheep stool of every mu of administration, provide nutrient for its growth；Every mu after spending
Apply 150-200 kilogram of cake fertilizer, application process using spreading manuer in holes, dig during cave will 10-15 centimetre from peony plant, cover flat after fertilising, and
Spray the foliage fertilizer of phosphorous potassium, the volume ratio of phosphorus potassium is 1 simultaneously：2-1：3, moistened with blade face and be advisable, promote bud differentiation；Spray
It is spaced apart 15-20 days, spraying number of times is 3-5 time；
3rd year summer applied foliage fertilizer
Summer high temperature high humidity, blade, while vigorous growth, by spraying foliage fertilizer, while promoting growth, improves blade
Resistances against diseases；
3rd year autumn entered application of organic fertilizers before the winter
Autumn enters watering, fertilizing before the winter, improves Paeonia ostii freezing tolerance, autumn enter the winter before water, and every mu is applied farm manure 1000-
1500 kilograms, improve ground temperature and increase Paeonia ostii freezing tolerance.
2. a kind of fertilising by dense planting according to claim 1 promotes the cultural method of Paeonia ostii Paeonia suffruticosa yield, and its feature exists
In：While Paeonia suffruticosa used by plantation oil, intercropping grain and oil crop, the density of Paeonia suffruticosa is every mu of 3000-4000 strain of planting, plant
Away from for 40 × 50cm or 30 × 60cm；Intercrop grain and oil crop in Paeonia suffruticosa.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107135783A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-08 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method for cultivating seedlings of the red tree peony of Guizhou Karst Region phoenix |
| CN107896783A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-13 | 绵阳市涪城区三木鸵鸟养殖专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of oil tree peony |
| CN109937862A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-28 | 信阳农林学院 | A kind of tree peony is without turf ecotype soilless pot culture cultural method |
| CN113508720A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-10-19 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for cultivating oil-used peony by combining photovoltaic panel |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107135783A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-08 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method for cultivating seedlings of the red tree peony of Guizhou Karst Region phoenix |
| CN107135783B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2020-06-23 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | Seedling cultivation method for Paeonia ostii in Guizhou karst region |
| CN107896783A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-13 | 绵阳市涪城区三木鸵鸟养殖专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of oil tree peony |
| CN109937862A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-28 | 信阳农林学院 | A kind of tree peony is without turf ecotype soilless pot culture cultural method |
| CN113508720A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-10-19 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for cultivating oil-used peony by combining photovoltaic panel |
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