CN103109675A - Quick-growing high-yield and high-efficiency carbon-catching cultivation method of pennisetum alopecuroides and pennisetum purpureum schumach - Google Patents
Quick-growing high-yield and high-efficiency carbon-catching cultivation method of pennisetum alopecuroides and pennisetum purpureum schumach Download PDFInfo
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- CN103109675A CN103109675A CN2013100814202A CN201310081420A CN103109675A CN 103109675 A CN103109675 A CN 103109675A CN 2013100814202 A CN2013100814202 A CN 2013100814202A CN 201310081420 A CN201310081420 A CN 201310081420A CN 103109675 A CN103109675 A CN 103109675A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quick-growing high-yield and high-efficiency carbon-catching cultivation method of pennisetum alopecuroides and pennisetum purpureum schumach. According to the method, vegetative propagation is conducted on the pennisetum alopecuroides, the pennisetum purpureum schumach and breeds cultivated after the pennisetum alopecuroides and the pennisetum purpureum schumach are crossed through stems, wherein the breeds comprise pennisetum hydridum, pennisetum purpureum schum ev, crossed pennisetum alopecuroides and the like. Exclusive quick propagation, high-yield cultivation, multi-time harvesting and scientific burying technologies are adopted to achieve quick growing, high yields and high-efficiency carbon sequestration burying of the pennisetum alopecuroides, the pennisetum purpureum schumach and crossed breeds of the pennisetum alopecuroides and the pennisetum purpureum schumach, and accordingly the artificial propagation, cultivation and carbon sequestration burying method of the pennisetum alopecuroides and the pennisetum purpureum schumach is created. By utilizing the method, fresh products of the pennisetum alopecuroides or the pennisetum purpureum schumach can be harvested with an amount of 75-150t/hm<2> for one year, and a maximum amount of 450t/hm<2>. The method ensures that planting, burying, and large-sale and industrialized production of the pennisetum alopecuroides, the pennisetum purpureum schumach and crossed breeds of the pennisetum alopecuroides and the pennisetum purpureum schumach are possible to happen, achieves negative increase of discharge capacity of CO2 in the atmosphere, and releases greenhouse effects of the atmosphere.
Description
Technical field
Field of plant growing technology of the present invention, relate to the fast growing of pearl millet and napier grass and efficiently catch the carbon cultivation method.
Background technology
Pearl millet (Pennisetum alopecuroides (L) Spreng) belongs to herbaceos perennial for grass family wolf tail.Distribution is all arranged both at home and abroad, strong to soil suitability, anti-slight alkalescence, also drought-resistant lean soil.Pearl millet natural disposition is strong, and germination is strong, and easily cultivation, less demanding to liquid manure, rare damage by disease and insect.Perennial pearl millet root system is more flourishing, has good soil and slope protection function.
Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) has another name called napier-grass, for grass family wolf tail belongs to herbaceos perennial.Originate in Africa, plant is tall and big, and well developed root system has the fibrous root of powerful stretching, extension, is distributed in the soil layer of 40cm more, and dark person can reach 4m.In warm moist season, the stipes of middle and lower part can grow aerial root.
Cultivated the grass family wolf tails such as hybrid giant napier, huge napier grass, sweet napier grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetum, No. mono-, Du Mu, assorted No. 2 of Soviet Union through the hybridization of pearl millet and napier grass and belonged to a plurality of kinds, its growth adaptability is wider, and resistance is stronger, output is higher.The kind that pearl millet, napier grass and hybridization are cultivated all have plant tall and big, uprightly grow thickly, the growth characteristics such as well developed root system, drought-enduring power are stronger, start growth when 10 ℃ of earth's surface temperature, in the time of 20～35 ℃, growth rapidly, stops growing in the time of below 5 ℃.Not tight to the requirement of scholar's earth, sandy soil, clay and subacidity soil all can be grown; Regeneration capacity is strong, and growth rapidly, is had relatively high expectations to fertilizer, need use a large amount of fertilizers and nitrogenous fertilizer.Tiller many fertilely, tiller few barrenly; Tiller many rainy season, tillers dry season few; Liquid manure is sufficient could obtain high yield.The hybrid giant napier photosynthetic rate is 50.70 milligrams of carbonic acid gas/square decimeters hour, in south China plantation output, can reach more than 300 tons/hectare; Napier grass can be gathered in 6～8 times every year, and per hectare is produced 75～150 tons of bright grass per year, and Gao Zheke reaches 450 tons.The kind of also not utilizing pearl millet, napier grass and hybridization to cultivate both at home and abroad, the CO that fast-growing, high yield, unit are photosynthesis absorb
2the characteristics such as many, be transformed into the organic compound landfill to underground, reduces CO in earth atmosphere
2content, alleviate the research of greenhouse effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the fast growing of pearl millet and napier grass is provided and efficiently catches the carbon cultivation method.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is: the kind of utilizing pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization to cultivate, as hybrid giant napier, sweet napier grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetum etc., carry out vegetative propagation with cane, enlarge cultivated area, by water and fertilizer management, multi-harvest, realize high-yield culturing and science landfill.
Concrete steps are:
One, Fast-propagation
(1) selection of land and whole ground
Select soil layer deep, loose fertile, on the sunny side, soil that drainage performance is good, in winter last year of planting, 20～30cm is ploughed deeply in soil, freeze and make soil-ripening through passing the winter, before sowing, plough shallowly again 1 time, soil block is in small, broken bits, weed a garden, stone etc., in conjunction with every mu of organic fertilizer 3000～5000kg of shallow plowing or composite fertilizer 50～100kg.By the wide ridging bedding of 2～5m, the dark 10～30cm of furrow, ridge length is determined according to landform, and steep hillslope is along the contour ridging, in order to draining and field management.
(2) seedling raise period
When temperature reaches more than 12 ℃, sowing for 2～May, it is more suitable to grow seedlings, and while meeting temperature lower than 5 ℃ after sowing, with the insulation of shed covered with plastic film, grows seedlings, and while becoming a fine day arid, temperature over 40 ℃, should not sow and grow seedlings.
(2) planting stem prepares
Ripe plant more than 6 monthly ages, choose eye full, healthy, without the stem stalk of damage by disease and insect, be kind of a joint, first tear the blade of parcel axillalry bud before sowing off, be mitered into segment with cutter, every section retains 1～3 joint, on each joint, 1～2 axillalry bud is arranged, length is stayed in Liu Duan， bottom, eye top, the kind joint cut should be sowed in time, and anti-moisture is lost.
The ABT root-inducing powder that the kind joint available quality concentration ratio cut is 100ppm soaks 20～24h, and hestening rooting is germinateed, and 1 gram root-inducing powder can be processed 3000～5000 strain stipes; Also can be directly in incision, be stained with the mixed liquor that ash or lime 200～300g, sodium chloride 5～10g, water 0.8～1L are made into, carry out the corrosion-proof and sterilization processing, or carry out again the corrosion-proof and sterilization processing after root-inducing powder soaks.
(3) sow
Kind of joint axillalry bud is 30～45° angle oblique cutting in soil with ground upward, the nodal bud of 1 joint 2～3cm that buries, and repeatedly a joint goes up a nodal bud most and can be exposed at outside soil; Also kind of a joint axillalry bud can be lain in to soil upward upper, with fine earth, axillalry bud and kind stem be covered.Under finish rear 1 clear liquid dung of foot or the clear water of watering in time.
(4) nursery stage management
Seedling grows in face of ground, keep nursery soil moistening, and fine day waters in time.7～10 days start to emerge, and after 20～30 days, when height of seedling reaches 20～25cm, can be transplanted.Nursery stage causes native top layer to harden because watering, soil layer around kind of the joint that should loosen in time.After coming up 10 days, seedling is also more yellow, thin, in conjunction with watering every mu, imposes 20～25kg urea, or adds 10～15kg nitrogen ammonium in people and animals' liquid dung 200～300kg, evenly shusher.
At the initial stage come up, cutworm likes biting broken seedling, meat rhizome, causes plant death or undergrowth.Artificial capture method or the phoxim that is 50% with mass concentration ratio are watered 800～1000 times of liquid of dilution, or mass concentration ratio is that 80% chlorophos is watered 800～1000 times of liquid sprinkling controls of dilution.
Leaf and the stem of nursery stage aphid damage plant, the flolimat that is 40% with mass concentration ratio is watered and is diluted to 1000～1500 times of liquid, or is that 25% cream of decamethrin is watered and is diluted to 2000～3000 times of liquid and sprays control with mass concentration ratio.
Two, high-yield culturing
(1) land readjustment
First 1～2 month of field-transplanting, the 20～30cm that deep ploughs promotes soil-ripening, before transplanting, ploughs shallowly 1 time, in conjunction with every mu of organic fertilizer 4000～5000kg of shallow plowing, superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphorus 100～150kg again.By the wide ridging bedding of 10～20m, the dark 10～30cm of furrow, ridge length is determined according to landform, and hillside fields is along the contour ridging, in order to draining and field management.Great mountain region, angle of inclination, be the not ridging that prevents erosion, and must carry out drain ditch.
(2) field-transplanting
Smooth land for growing field crops seeding row spacing is by 30～40cm х, 40～50cm, and dark 10～15cm opens the plantation ditch or plants plant hole, and 1 strain of every cave, can plant 2000～3000 strains for every mu; The soil of illumination deficiency or barren mountain region, seeding row spacing is by 50～70cm х, 80～100cm, and dark 10～15cm opens the plantation ditch or plants plant hole, and 1 strain of every cave, can plant 800～1200 strains for every mu.Before little transplantation of seedlings, often spread manuer in holes composite fertilizer or urea 10～15g, impel plant early to tiller, tiller more, accelerate the growth of tiller seedling.The fine earth that backfill 2～5cm is thick again covers base fertilizer; Then seedling is placed on to righting in the plantation ditch, surrounding soil compaction.Water sufficient normal root water after transplanting, keep ground moistening, become a fine day arid and within 1～2 day, water water 1 time, within 5～7 days, just start to turn blue or green.To the place of few root and stem of certain plants of being short of seedling, transplant seedlings in time to mend and plant, guarantee that survival rate is more than 95%.
(3) intertill and clean tillage
The seedling early growth is slower, easily is subject to the impact of weeds, and before plant envelope ridge, intertill and clean tillage is 1～2 time.Intertill for the first time when within 25～35 days after transplanting, plant starts to tiller, select fine day to carry out weeding and loosen the soil; Weeding for the second time after transplanting 60～70 days, at this moment plant growth is the most vigorous, in conjunction with weeding, loosens the soil, and in seedling root and stem of certain plants surrounding, is earthed up, and avoids the plant lodging; All should carry out intertill and clean tillage, chesson after each harvesting.
(4) rich water quality management
The kind that pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated is all liked rich water, becomes a fine day drouth, waters 1 time every 3～5 days or executes clear liquid dung 1 time; Overcast and rainy continuously, note the water drainage prevention against water-logging.Plant grows to 50～60cm when high, and every root and stem of certain plants imposes composite fertilizer or urea 10～15g; Plant grows to 100～150cm when high, and every root and stem of certain plants imposes composite fertilizer or urea 20～25g, or every mu is executed people and animals' liquid dung 400～500kg and adds nitrogen ammonium 20～25kg.Latter 2～5 days of each harvesting, loosen the soil latter every mu and execute people and animals' liquid dung 500～800kg, or execute nitrogen ammonium or urea 20～25kg in conjunction with watering every mu.
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest
The kind that pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated, as stronger as premunitions such as hybrid giant napier, sweet napier grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetums, rare damage by disease and insect.
Before jointing, be mainly leaf and the stem of aphid and borer harm plant, the flolimat that is 40% with mass concentration ratio is watered 800～1200 times of liquid of dilution, or is that 25% cream of decamethrin is watered 1500～2000 times of liquid spraying controls of dilution with mass concentration ratio.
After jointing, be mainly anthracnose and powdery mildew harm seedling leaf and stem stalk, keep the circulation of air between plant, reduce field humidity; Anthracnose and controlling powdery mildew mass concentration ratio are that 5% carbendazim is watered 800～1000 times of liquid of dilution, or the bordeaux mixture be mixed into lime 3～5kg, sulphur 3～5kg, water 1000～1500kg sprayed, the sprinkling 2 times continuously every 5～7 days.
(5) overwinter management
The kind perennial root that pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated is strong, can grow continuously 4～8 years, removes the residual leaf weeds in field winter, reduces the damage by disease and insect hibernacle.The area of winter temperature more than 5 ℃, toothing 10～15cm during last stubble harvesting, but overwintering; The winter temperature minimum air temperature 0～-5 ℃, the area that the frost phase is longer, stay and recommend 12～18cm, and the ridging protection container made of bamboo, wicker, ratten, etc., add a cover hay or the plastic film insulation is survived the winter.
Three, multi-harvest
5～November, when plant height reaches 100～150cm, harvesting was 1 time, can gather in every year 4～8 times every 20～40 days.The 1st time when harvesting toothing 10cm, after " green grass or young crops is cut in turn " in order to plant regeneration, last stubble height is no more than 20cm.Avoid the rainy day harvesting, occur to reduce damage by disease and insect.The 1st annual production is lower slightly, and per mu yield is at 10～15 tons, and after the 2nd year, per mu yield can reach 20～30 tons.
Four, in good time landfill
The young crops of results can not surpass 2 days in being deposited in vegetatively, and young crops is moisture abundant, and in stacking process, easily heating, affect next batch of regeneration.Preferably cradled the same day and the same day young crops is shifted out to vitellarium, through Exposure to Sunlight 3～5 days, natural seasoning reduced the plant water content, then transported the plant landfill yard to and carry out landfill.
The plant ground matrix section of harvesting in autumn just can transport the plant landfill yard to and carry out landfill after bundling.
The kind that the present invention utilizes pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization to cultivate, as hybrid giant napier, sweet napier grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetum etc., carry out vegetative propagation with cane, adopt proprietary Fast-propagation, high-yield culturing, multi-harvest and science Landfill, realize fast-growing, high yield and the efficient carbon landfill admittedly of pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass Hybrid.Open up artificial propagation, cultivation, the solid carbon burying method of pearl millet and napier grass, reduced CO in earth atmosphere
2content, alleviate the new way of greenhouse effect, filled up plant fast-growing, high yield and the efficient blank of carbon admittedly.Utilize this method can gather in the crops 75～150t/hm in 1 year
2pearl millet or napier grass fresh goods, the soprano can reach 450t/hm
2.Kind plantation and landfill that pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated, scale, suitability for industrialized production become possibility, realize Atmospheric CO
2the negative growth of discharge capacity.
Embodiment
Further explain and illustrate technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The kind of utilizing pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization to cultivate, as hybrid giant napier, sweet napier grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetum etc., carry out vegetative propagation with cane, enlarges cultivated area, by water and fertilizer management, multi-harvest, realizes high-yield culturing and science landfill.
Concrete steps are as follows:
One, Fast-propagation
(1) selection of land and whole ground
Select soil layer deep, loose fertile, on the sunny side, soil that drainage performance is good, in winter last year of planting, 20～30cm is ploughed deeply in soil, freeze and make soil-ripening through passing the winter, before sowing, plough shallowly again 1 time, soil block is in small, broken bits, weed a garden, stone etc., in conjunction with every mu of organic fertilizer 3000～5000kg of shallow plowing or composite fertilizer 50～100kg.By the wide ridging bedding of 2～5m, the dark 10～30cm of furrow, ridge length is determined according to landform, and steep hillslope is along the contour ridging, in order to draining and field management.
(2) seedling raise period
When temperature reaches more than 12 ℃, sowing for 2～May, it is more suitable to grow seedlings, and while meeting temperature lower than 5 ℃ after sowing, with the insulation of shed covered with plastic film, grows seedlings, and while becoming a fine day arid, temperature over 40 ℃, should not sow and grow seedlings.
(2) planting stem prepares
Ripe plant more than 6 monthly ages, choose eye full, healthy, without the stem stalk of damage by disease and insect, be kind of a joint, first tear the blade of parcel axillalry bud before sowing off, be mitered into segment with cutter, every section retains 1～3 joint, on each joint, 1～2 axillalry bud is arranged, length is stayed in Liu Duan， bottom, eye top, the kind joint cut should be sowed in time, and anti-moisture is lost.
The ABT root-inducing powder that the kind joint available quality concentration ratio cut is 100ppm soaks 20～24h, and hestening rooting is germinateed, and 1 gram root-inducing powder can be processed 3000～5000 strain stipes; Also can be directly in incision, be stained with the mixed liquor that ash or lime 200～300g, sodium chloride 5～10g, water 0.8～1L are made into, carry out the corrosion-proof and sterilization processing, or carry out again the corrosion-proof and sterilization processing after root-inducing powder soaks.
(3) sow
Kind of joint axillalry bud is 30～45° angle oblique cutting in soil with ground upward, the nodal bud of 1 joint 2～3cm that buries, and repeatedly a joint goes up a nodal bud most and can be exposed at outside soil; Also kind of a joint axillalry bud can be lain in to soil upward upper, with fine earth, axillalry bud and kind stem be covered.Under finish rear 1 clear liquid dung of foot or the clear water of watering in time.
(4) nursery stage management
Seedling grows in face of ground, keep nursery soil moistening, and fine day waters in time.7～10 days start to emerge, and after 20～30 days, when height of seedling reaches 20～25cm, can be transplanted.Nursery stage causes native top layer to harden because watering, soil layer around kind of the joint that should loosen in time.After coming up 10 days, seedling is also more yellow, thin, in conjunction with watering every mu, imposes 20～25kg urea, or adds 10～15kg nitrogen ammonium in people and animals' liquid dung 200～300kg, evenly shusher.
At the initial stage come up, cutworm likes biting broken seedling, meat rhizome, causes plant death or undergrowth.Artificial capture method or the phoxim that is 50% with mass concentration ratio are watered 800～1000 times of liquid of dilution, or mass concentration ratio is that 80% chlorophos is watered 800～1000 times of liquid sprinkling controls of dilution.
Leaf and the stem of nursery stage aphid damage plant, the flolimat that is 40% with mass concentration ratio is watered and is diluted to 1000～1500 times of liquid, or is that 25% cream of decamethrin is watered and is diluted to 2000～3000 times of liquid and sprays control with mass concentration ratio.
Two, high-yield culturing
(1) land readjustment
First 1～2 month of field-transplanting, the 20～30cm that deep ploughs promotes soil-ripening, before transplanting, ploughs shallowly 1 time, in conjunction with every mu of organic fertilizer 4000～5000kg of shallow plowing, superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphorus 100～150kg again.By the wide ridging bedding of 10～20m, the dark 10～30cm of furrow, ridge length is determined according to landform, and hillside fields is along the contour ridging, in order to draining and field management.Great mountain region, angle of inclination, be the not ridging that prevents erosion, and must carry out drain ditch.
(2) field-transplanting
Smooth land for growing field crops seeding row spacing is by 30～40cm х, 40～50cm, and dark 10～15cm opens the plantation ditch or plants plant hole, and 1 strain of every cave, can plant 2000～3000 strains for every mu; The soil of illumination deficiency or barren mountain region, seeding row spacing is by 50～70cm х, 80～100cm, and dark 10～15cm opens the plantation ditch or plants plant hole, and 1 strain of every cave, can plant 800～1200 strains for every mu.Before little transplantation of seedlings, often spread manuer in holes composite fertilizer or urea 10～15g, impel plant early to tiller, tiller more, accelerate the growth of tiller seedling.The fine earth that backfill 2～5cm is thick again covers base fertilizer; Then seedling is placed on to righting in the plantation ditch, surrounding soil compaction.Water sufficient normal root water after transplanting, keep ground moistening, become a fine day arid and within 1～2 day, water water 1 time, within 5～7 days, just start to turn blue or green.To the place of few root and stem of certain plants of being short of seedling, transplant seedlings in time to mend and plant, guarantee that survival rate is more than 95%.
(3) intertill and clean tillage
The seedling early growth is slower, easily is subject to the impact of weeds, and before plant envelope ridge, intertill and clean tillage is 1～2 time.Intertill for the first time when within 25～35 days after transplanting, plant starts to tiller, select fine day to carry out weeding and loosen the soil; Weeding for the second time after transplanting 60～70 days, at this moment plant growth is the most vigorous, in conjunction with weeding, loosens the soil, and in seedling root and stem of certain plants surrounding, is earthed up, and avoids the plant lodging; All should carry out intertill and clean tillage, chesson after each harvesting.
(4) rich water quality management
The kind that pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated is all liked rich water, becomes a fine day drouth, waters 1 time every 3～5 days or executes clear liquid dung 1 time; Overcast and rainy continuously, note the water drainage prevention against water-logging.Plant grows to 50～60cm when high, and every root and stem of certain plants imposes composite fertilizer or urea 10～15g; Plant grows to 100～150cm when high, and every root and stem of certain plants imposes composite fertilizer or urea 20～25g, or every mu is executed people and animals' liquid dung 400～500kg and adds nitrogen ammonium 20～25kg.Latter 2～5 days of each harvesting, loosen the soil latter every mu and execute people and animals' liquid dung 500～800kg, or execute nitrogen ammonium or urea 20～25kg in conjunction with watering every mu.
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest
The kind that pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated, as stronger as premunitions such as hybrid giant napier, sweet napier grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetums, rare damage by disease and insect.
Before jointing, be mainly leaf and the stem of aphid and borer harm plant, the flolimat that is 40% with mass concentration ratio is watered 800～1200 times of liquid of dilution, or is that 25% cream of decamethrin is watered 1500～2000 times of liquid spraying controls of dilution with mass concentration ratio.
After jointing, be mainly anthracnose and powdery mildew harm seedling leaf and stem stalk, keep the circulation of air between plant, reduce field humidity; Anthracnose and controlling powdery mildew mass concentration ratio are that 5% carbendazim is watered 800～1000 times of liquid of dilution, or the bordeaux mixture be mixed into lime 3～5kg, sulphur 3～5kg, water 1000～1500kg sprayed, the sprinkling 2 times continuously every 5～7 days.
(5) overwinter management
The kind perennial root that pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated is strong, can grow continuously 4～8 years, removes the residual leaf weeds in field winter, reduces the damage by disease and insect hibernacle.The area of winter temperature more than 5 ℃, toothing 10～15cm during last stubble harvesting, but overwintering; The winter temperature minimum air temperature 0～-5 ℃, the area that the frost phase is longer, stay and recommend 12～18cm, and the ridging protection container made of bamboo, wicker, ratten, etc., add a cover hay or the plastic film insulation is survived the winter.
Three, multi-harvest
5～November, when plant height reaches 100～150cm, harvesting was 1 time, can gather in every year 4～8 times every 20～40 days.The 1st time when harvesting toothing 10cm, after " green grass or young crops is cut in turn " in order to plant regeneration, last stubble height is no more than 20cm.Avoid the rainy day harvesting, occur to reduce damage by disease and insect.The 1st annual production is lower slightly, and per mu yield is at 10～15 tons, and after the 2nd year, per mu yield can reach 20～30 tons.
Four, in good time landfill
The young crops of results can not surpass 2 days in being deposited in vegetatively, and young crops is moisture abundant, and in stacking process, easily heating, affect next batch of regeneration.Preferably cradled the same day and the same day young crops is shifted out to vitellarium, through Exposure to Sunlight 3～5 days, natural seasoning reduced the plant water content, then transported the plant landfill yard to and carry out landfill.
The plant ground matrix section of harvesting in autumn just can transport the plant landfill yard to and carry out landfill after bundling.
Claims (5)
- The fast growing of pearl millet and napier grass with efficiently catch the carbon cultivation method, it is characterized in that, described method comprises following content: the kind that pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated, as hybrid giant napier, sweet napier grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetum etc., carry out vegetative propagation with cane, adopt proprietary Fast-propagation, high-yield culturing, multi-harvest and science Landfill, realize fast-growing, high yield and the efficient carbon landfill admittedly of pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass Hybrid.
- 2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:(1) Fast-propagationSelect soil layer deep, loose fertile, on the sunny side, soil that drainage performance is good, in winter last year of planting, 20～30cm is ploughed deeply in soil, before sowing, plough shallowly again 1 time, in conjunction with ploughing shallowly, every mu of organic fertilizer 3000～5000kg or composite fertilizer 50～100kg; By the wide ridging bedding of 2～5m, the dark 10～30cm of furrow, ridge length is determined according to landform, and steep hillslope is along the contour ridging;When temperature reaches more than 12 ℃, sowing for 2～May, it is more suitable to grow seedlings, and while meeting temperature lower than 5 ℃ after sowing, with the insulation of shed covered with plastic film, grows seedlings, and while becoming a fine day arid, temperature over 40 ℃, should not sow and grow seedlings;Plant more than 6 monthly ages, choose eye full, healthy, without the stem stalk of damage by disease and insect for kind of a joint, be cut into segment before sowing, every section retains 1～3 joint, on each joint, 1～2 axillalry bud is arranged;Kind save the ABT root-inducing powder that mass concentration ratio is 100ppm and soak 20～24h, also can be directly in incision, be stained with the mixed liquor that ash or lime 200～300g, sodium chloride 5～10g, water 0.8～1L are made into;While sowing, plant the joint axillalry bud and be 30～45° angle oblique cutting in soil with ground upward, the nodal bud of 1 joint 2～3cm that buries, repeatedly a joint goes up a nodal bud most and can be exposed at outside soil; Also kind of a joint axillalry bud can be lain in to soil upward upper, with fine earth, axillalry bud and kind stem be covered; Under finish rear 1 clear liquid dung of foot or the clear water of watering in time;Seedling grows in face of ground, keep nursery soil moistening; Within 7～10 days, emerge, after 20～30 days, transplanted when height of seedling reaches 20～25cm; After coming up 10 days, in conjunction with watering every mu, impose 20～25kg urea, or add 10～15kg nitrogen ammonium in people and animals' liquid dung 200～300kg;Come up the initial stage, during cutworm harm, employing artificial capture method or the phoxim that is 50% with mass concentration ratio are watered 800～1000 times of liquid of dilution, or mass concentration ratio is that 80% chlorophos is watered 800～1000 times of liquid sprinkling controls of dilution;During the nursery stage aphid damage, the flolimat that is 40% with mass concentration ratio is watered and is diluted to 1000～1500 times of liquid, or is that 25% cream of decamethrin is watered and is diluted to 2000～3000 times of liquid and sprays control with mass concentration ratio;(2) high-yield culturingFirst 1～2 month of field-transplanting, by soil deep ploughing 20～30cm, plough shallowly during transplanting 1 time, in conjunction with every mu of organic fertilizer 4000～5000kg of shallow plowing, superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphorus 100～150kg again; By the wide ridging bedding of 10～20m, the dark 10～30cm of furrow, hillside fields is along the contour ridging, and great mountain region, angle of inclination, be the not ridging that prevents erosion, and must carry out drain ditch;Smooth good land for growing field crops seeding row spacing is by 30～40cm х, 40～50cm, and dark 10～15cm opens the plantation ditch or plants plant hole, and 1 strain of every cave, can plant 2000～3000 strains for every mu; The soil of illumination deficiency or barren mountain region, seeding row spacing is by 50～70cm х, 80～100cm, and dark 10～15cm opens the plantation ditch or plants plant hole, 1 strain of every cave, can plant 800～1200 strains for every mu, before little transplantation of seedlings, often spread manuer in holes composite fertilizer or urea 10～15g, the thicker fine earth of backfill 2～5cm covers base fertilizer; Then seedling is placed on to righting in the plantation ditch, the surrounding soil compaction, water sufficient normal root water, keeps ground moistening, becomes a fine day arid and within 1～2 day, water water 1 time, within 5～7 days, just starts to turn blue or green; To the place of few root and stem of certain plants of being short of seedling, transplant seedlings in time to mend and plant, guarantee that survival rate is more than 95%;Before the envelope ridge, intertill and clean tillage is 1～2 time, intertills for the first time when within 25～35 days after transplanting, plant starts to tiller, and selects fine day to carry out weeding and loosens the soil; Weeding for the second time after transplanting 60～70 days, loosen the soil in conjunction with weeding, in seedling root and stem of certain plants surrounding, earthed up; All should carry out intertill and clean tillage, chesson after each harvesting;The kind that pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated is all liked rich water, becomes a fine day drouth, waters 1 time every 3～5 days or executes clear liquid dung 1 time; Overcast and rainy continuously, note the water drainage prevention against water-logging; Plant grows to 50～60cm when high, and every root and stem of certain plants imposes composite fertilizer or urea 10～15g; Plant grows to 100～150cm when high, and every root and stem of certain plants imposes composite fertilizer or urea 20～25g, or every mu is executed people and animals' liquid dung 400～500kg and adds nitrogen ammonium 20～25kg;Latter 2～5 days of each harvesting, loosen the soil latter every mu and execute people and animals' liquid dung 500～800kg, or execute nitrogen ammonium or urea 20～25kg in conjunction with watering every mu;When aphid and borer harm, the flolimat that is 40% with mass concentration ratio is watered 800～1200 times of liquid of dilution, or is that 25% cream of decamethrin is watered 1500～2000 times of liquid spraying controls of dilution with mass concentration ratio; When anthracnose and powdery mildew harm, keep the circulation of air between plant, reduce field humidity, with mass concentration ratio, be that 5% carbendazim is watered 800～1000 times of liquid of dilution, or the bordeaux mixture be mixed into lime 3～5kg, sulphur 3～5kg, water 1000～1500kg sprayed, every 5～7 days, spray 2 times continuously;The kind perennial root that pearl millet, napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated is strong, can grow continuously 4～8 years, removes the residual leaf weeds in field winter, reduces the damage by disease and insect hibernacle; The area of winter temperature more than 5 ℃, toothing 10～15cm during last stubble harvesting, but overwintering; The winter temperature minimum air temperature 0～-5 ℃, the area that the frost phase is longer, stay and recommend 12～18cm, and the ridging protection container made of bamboo, wicker, ratten, etc., add a cover hay or the plastic film insulation is survived the winter;(3) multi-harvest5～November, when plant height reaches 100～150cm, harvesting was 1 time, can gather in every year 4～8 times every 20～40 days; The 1st time when harvesting toothing 10cm, after " green grass or young crops is cut in turn " in order to plant regeneration, last stubble height is no more than 20cm;(4) in good time landfillThe young crops of results can not surpass 2 days in being deposited in vegetatively, preferably cradles the same day and the same day young crops is shifted out to vitellarium, and through Exposure to Sunlight 3～5 days, natural seasoning reduced the plant water content, then transports the plant landfill yard to and carry out landfill; The plant ground matrix section of harvesting in autumn just can transport the plant landfill yard to and carry out landfill after bundling.
- 3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the kind that the hybridization of the described pearl millet of step (1), napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass is cultivated, the mixed liquor be made into as the lime dip 300g of kind joint place, sodium chloride 10g, water 1L such as hybrid giant napier, sweet napier grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetums.
- 4. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the kind that the described pearl millet of step (2), napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass hybridization are cultivated, during as field-transplantings such as hybrid giant napier, sweet napier grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetums, seeding row spacing is by 30 х 50cm, and illumination is not enough or barren mountain region seeding row spacing is pressed 50～80cm.
- 5. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the kind that the hybridization of the described pearl millet of step (2), napier grass and pearl millet and napier grass is cultivated, the bordeaux mixture that during as the anthracnose such as hybrid giant napier, sweet napier grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetum and powdery mildew harm, lime 5kg, sulphur 5kg, water 1500kg are mixed into is sprayed.
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| CN107711317A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | A kind of interplanting method of purple napier grass and eucalyptus |
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