CN104904467A - Epimedium planting method - Google Patents

Epimedium planting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104904467A
CN104904467A CN201510276030.XA CN201510276030A CN104904467A CN 104904467 A CN104904467 A CN 104904467A CN 201510276030 A CN201510276030 A CN 201510276030A CN 104904467 A CN104904467 A CN 104904467A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
seed
barrenwort
implantation methods
methods according
matrix
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Pending
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CN201510276030.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孟坤
张群学
柳永茂
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BEIJING KUN'AOJI MEDICAL SCI-TECH Co Ltd
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BEIJING KUN'AOJI MEDICAL SCI-TECH Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510276030.XA priority Critical patent/CN104904467A/en
Publication of CN104904467A publication Critical patent/CN104904467A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0237Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G2013/008Protecting plants using straw

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an epimedium planting method. The method includes the steps that A, seeds are prepared, wherein before the seeds of the epimedium are mature, infructescence shafts are sleeved with bags for seed culture, the infructescence shafts are picked up for threshing after the seeds are mature, and the threshed seeds are placed in a shady, ventilated and dry place; B, the seeds are sown, wherein after germs of the seeds of the epimedium fully grow, the seeds are sown; C, seedlings are cultured. By the adoption of the method, the propagation coefficient of the acquired seeds of the epimedium is 600 and is increased by 300 times compared with the propagation coefficient of a plant division mode. Full leaves of dry medicinal materials generated per mu are weighed 80 kg to 100 kg.

Description

The implantation methods of barrenwort
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of barrenwort, belong to medicinal material planting technology field.
Background technology
Barrenwort is Berberidaceae Epimedium (Epimedium.L) herbaceos perennial, has the history of more than 2000 year as conventional Chinese medicine, is that China is most widely used, one of Chinese medicine the longest.Barrenwort not only has traditional drug effects such as kidney-replenishing, strengthening the bones and muscles, wines used as antirheumatic, and modern study shows anti-ageing, effect such as raising immunologic function, Tumor suppression etc. in addition, is one of medicinal plant of primary study for many years both at home and abroad.
Along with deepening continuously of studying barrenwort, the Shorthorned Epimedium P.E industry based on icariin is also greatly developed.Modern molecular biology technique research has been found that Shorthorned Epimedium P.E active ingredient has good inhibitory action to breast cancer, liver cancer.Part is that the research of new drug enters clinical investigation phase with Shorthorned Epimedium P.E, and therefore epimedium herb exists huge industrial value.
At present, the supply of epimedium herb about 5000 tons/year in Chinese Medicinal Materials Markets.All the time, China's epimedium herb is to excavate wild natural resources.And the existing barrenwort resource situation of China sharply worsens, and some areas are because excessively excavating, and resource is seriously damaged, and the narrow taxon that distributes faces disappearance.Meanwhile, along with Shorthorned Epimedium P.E research deepen continuously, market to the demand of barrenwort also in swift and violent growth.But along with the minimizing of wild resource amount, demand but constantly increases, the market price of barrenwort also goes up increasingly.Therefore in line with solution disparities between supply and demand, the basic principle of sustainable development, development barrenwort artificial planting industry is also particularly urgent.
It is the propagation method providing a kind of barrenwort seed in the Chinese patent application of 201110082297.7 at application number.The method overcome existing seed division propagation coefficient low, and the defect that barrenwort quality is low, by seminal propagation, substantially increase the reproduction coefficient of barrenwort.
But present inventor finds again, on the basis of above seminal propagation, the reproduction coefficient of barrenwort seed can also be improved further.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of barrenwort.This method solve the defect that existing barrenwort seminal propagation rate is low.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of barrenwort, and the method comprises:
A. seed is prepared
Before the prematurity of barrenwort seed, to the breeding of infructescence axle sleeve bag, after seed maturity, win the threshing of infructescence axle, the seed of threshing is placed in shady and cool ventilation drying place;
B. sow
Sow after barrenwort seed embryonic development is full;
C. nursery.
Preferably, between described steps A and step B, also comprise step D: after the seed drying of threshing, with mass ratio range, seed and matrix mixed according to the ratio of 1:8-12 and stores, described matrix be selected from river sand and humus soil one or both; Again the mixture of seed and matrix is loaded pocket, and this pocket is imbedded earth and put shady and cool place and store 4-7 month.
Preferably, the described matrix carbendazim of its weight 1%-3% carries out disinfection.
Preferably, when described matrix is river sand, the humidity of river sand is 50%-65%; When matrix is humus soil, humidity humous is 30-40%; When matrix is river sand mixing humus soil, the humidity of matrix is 20-30%.
Preferably, described pocket is woven bag, and makes regular check on the pocket imbedding earth.
Preferably, the sowing time of barrenwort seed be before annual soil freezes 1-2 week or next year soil thaw after 1-2 week.
Preferably, in described step B, select the loose field that humus content is higher, before plantation, spraying herbicide weeds a garden in advance, deep ploughing 15-20cm, and executes well-rotted farmyard manure 400-1000 thousand grams/acre and make base fertilizer, tipping mixing, ridging, then by barrenwort planting seed full for embryonic development.
Preferably, in described ridging step, ridge bed digs shallow slot, spreads into ash at the bottom of shallow slot, then by barrenwort seed broadcasting full for embryonic development on ash, cover barrenwort seed with face, thin ridge soil, water, then mulching straw.
Preferably, described shallow slot width is 3-5cm, and face, thin ridge soil covers barrenwort seed 2-4cm.
Preferably, in described step B, also take shading shed on the ground in the seed-breeding field of sowing barrenwort.
More preferably, the obscurity of described shading shed is 60-75%.
Preferably, in described step B, the seeding quantity of barrenwort seed is 0.6-1.2g/m 2.
Preferably, in described step C, after planting Second Year early Febuary-early March, by barrenwort seedling balled transplanting, and according to line-spacing 20-25cm, the dark 9-10cm in cave, earthing 4-6cm carries out dibbling.
Preferably, in described steps A, use the breeding of nylon netted woven bag bagging.
More preferably, the length of this woven bag is 15-45cm, and width is 10-18cm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention has carried out improving further on existing barrenwort seminal propagation basis, before the prematurity of barrenwort seed, to the breeding of whole infructescence axle sleeve bag, after seed maturity, win the threshing of infructescence axle, avoid seed in the process of growing, because of the loss that mouse trouble, ant, sparrow etc. endanger, thus barrenwort seed is all collected.
In addition, also the mixture of seed and sterilization matrix is positioned over pocket jointly, and will imbed outside pocket in shady and cool earth, thus effectively prevent heating that seed may occur between latter stage of ripening, go mouldy, the situation such as water loss occurs, and effectively ensure that the quality of seed.By the storage method of above seed, the bud ratio of intact barrenwort seed reaches 95%.
Barrenwort seed of the present invention is sowed after embryonic development is full, and sowing to be selected from before annual annual soil freezes 1-2 week or next year soil thaw after 1-2 week, i.e. during the January of December to next year, effectively ensure that bud ratio when seed is planted.
In addition, seed at seeding time, will litter wood ash at the bottom of the shallow slot at seed place, and seed covers face, ridge soil, then lid straw, thus effectively prevent the water loss of seed, ensure that seed sprouting.
By the inventive method, the reproduction coefficient of the barrenwort seed of acquisition reaches 600, improves 300 times than plant division reproduction coefficient.The full leaf 80-100 kilogram of the dry medicinal material of per mu yield.
Embodiment
Following examples only for carrying out exemplary illustration to the present invention, are not used in restriction the present invention, and the amendment made in scope, change, modification etc. are all in protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Target plant involved by the present embodiment is Berberidaceae barrenwort Epimedium sagittatum (Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb.et Zucc.) Maxim.).
I. seed is fostered and process
Fostering of 1.1 seeds
Barrenwort is bloomed annual March, and the 4-5 month starts to bear fruit.Bagging breeding before seed prematurity.
1.2 seed collection
Annual May to early June gathers barrenwort mature seed.When pericarp exposes in yellowish-brown for opening, seed, winning training infructescence axle transport threshing back, accomplishing with ripe with adopting.Adopt back and be separated fruit branch, timely threshing, remove impurity, put shady and cool dry ventilation storage.
The process of 1.3 seeds
Barrenwort seed has latter stage of ripening, should use thin river sand immediately after gathering, or thin river sand mixes humus soil, or humus soil is preserved as matrix and seed mixing low temp.As used river sand stored seed, river sand humidity is 50-65%; When mixing humus soil stored seed with river sand, it is 25% that river sand mixes total humidity humous; During with humus soil stored seed, its humidity is 35%.
Storage method is: before storage, first carry out matrix sterilization with the carbendazim of matrix weight 2%, then matrix is fully mixed with the ratio of 12:1 with seed, load in woven bag, and imbed filling seed-bearing woven bag in the pulverizing yellow soil at shady and cool place, be placed in shady and cool dry place storage.Make regular check on therebetween, prevent heating, water deficient, go mouldy, preserve about 4 ~ 7 months.
II. nursery
The selection in 2.1 soils and whole
Height above sea level 300-800m is selected to irrigate and draining mountain region Schattenseite easily, the soil is porous field that humus content is higher; Planting site in advance spraying herbicide weeds a garden, deep ploughing 15-20 centimetre, and executes Chicken dung 500,000 grams/acre and make base fertilizer, tipping mixing.The ridge of wide high 20 centimetres of 0.9-1.0 rice is played after the thin leveling of rake.On face, ridge, Eco-fertilizer 50,000 grams/acre is executed again before sowing.
Sowing ground uses the concrete stake upper berth sunshade net of 2.4 meters to set up cool canopy, and obscurity is 70 ~ 75% to be advisable.
2.2 sowing times and method
2.2.1 the sowing time
Barrenwort seed has special latter stage of ripening, according to processing method low-temperature storage seed a period of time of 1.3 seeds, should treat that embryonic development is optionally sowed after full again after early June seed collecting.The seed in particular cases preserved also should finish or sow after thawing next spring before frozen soil then during early January December to next year sowing time.
2.2.2 type of seeding
Ridge bed laterally digs 4 ~ 6 centimetres of dark shallow slots, with sieved mountain region ash, bottom land is paved, then equably by the mountain region ash of seed broadcasting in ditch.After planting cover 2 centimetres with thin face, ridge soil, water appropriate.Cover one deck straw again, to keep moisture and ridge temperature.Seeding quantity 0.6-1.2g/m 2.
3. nursery and transplanting
3.1 nursery
One-year age need be experienced from being seeded into seedling replanting.
To remain that bed surface is moistening before sowing is emerged then, water and want thoroughly.To water in time or carry out after emerging to irrigate through furrow between bed, carry out draining in rainy season, prevent field ponding.
In Second Year spring after planting, when ridge, bed soil thaws, and when emerging soon, removes rice straw mulching thing, makes bed surface ventilation and penetrating light.See after insemination and emergence that grass just removes then, keep field without weeds.Second Year young leaves sends and carries out shallow loosening the soil in the ranks in conjunction with weeding afterwards.Optionally apply with after the chicken manure clear water dilution of becoming thoroughly decomposed after emerging three months, also can coordinate to water and apply fertilizer.
3.2 kinds of transplantation of seedlings
Field-transplanting whole ground standard is with nursery requirement.Transplanting time be early Febuary ~ early March, annual seedling is dug out balled transplanting.By the seedling chosen by large and small classification, plant respectively.When planting, by seeding row spacing 20-25 centimetre dibbling, the dark 9-10 centimetre in cave, earthing 4-6 cm thick, fibrous root of make suring is unfolded, and slightly pressure is watered permeable.About every mu of plantation 10000 strains.
Field management after 3.3 transplantings
3.3.1 weed with a hoe
Because seedling is less after transplanting, the first two years at least will carry out more than 6 times weedings every year.First stage weeding is carried out after young leaves grows, and in the ranks pine soil depth is 3-6 centimetre, pulls out weeds between seedling simultaneously; Second stage weeding is carried out at early March, manually pulls out weeds between seedling; Phase III is at the laggard row artificial weeding of fruit picking.
3.3.2 fertilising
Barrenwort is perennial plant.To topdress by different way every year after transplanting.First Year after transplanting, can carry out top dressing, carry out at Zhan Yehou.After transplanting Second Year, should carry out side root and topdress, the spraying fertilizer time, based on autumn, carries out before frozen soil.Topdress the chicken manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed or the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed is advisable, amount of application is 200-300 thousand grams/acre.
3.3.3 draining is filled with
Barrenwort is neither drought-enduring, again intolerant to waterlogging, more weak to the stress ability of moisture.Terrace cropping is reasonably carried out irrigation and is got rid of field ponding in time, and maintenance ridge soil is moistening is advisable.
3.3.4 Illumination adjusting
Second Year after transplanting starts, and March annual December to next year removes sunshade net to the barrenwort field of field planting, with regulating illumination intensity, promotes that underground is rhizomatic and grows.
3.3.5 the extermination of disease and insect pest
3.3.5.1 disease
Barrenwort is ombrophyte, and disease is sun burn mainly, due to improper measures of shading after manual inseminating, and susceptible disease.Prevention and controls: mainly adjust intensity of illumination.
3.3.5.2 insect pest and control thereof
Because barrenwort is herbaceos perennial, the soil insect that insect pest is mainly common, mainly contains: grub, locust, cricket.Prevention and controls: adopt ethiprole to mix appropriate wheat bran and be sprinkled upon on face, ridge or furrow trapping.
3.3.5.3 pick and process
Epimedium herb is gathered for 1 year twice, and collecting time is at the beginning of mid-June and 9 months.Select a fair weather, when gathering, with scissors clip overground part blade, blade can not clean with water, dries the same day or dries.Be sure not when gathering to uproop, in order to avoid destroy underground root-like stock to affect growth next year.Medicinal material drying standard is water content 10-12%, loads dry ventilation, the mid-cool place of woven bag and preserves.Anti-mildew and damage by worms.The full leaf 80-100 kilogram of the dry medicinal material of per mu yield.

Claims (11)

1. an implantation methods for barrenwort, the method comprises:
A. seed is prepared
Before the prematurity of barrenwort seed, to the breeding of infructescence axle sleeve bag, after seed maturity, win the threshing of infructescence axle, the seed of threshing is placed in shady and cool ventilation drying place;
B. sow
Sow after barrenwort seed embryonic development is full;
C. nursery.
2. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also step D is comprised: after the seed drying of threshing between described steps A and step B, with mass ratio range, seed and matrix are mixed according to the ratio of 1:8-12 and store, described matrix be selected from river sand and humus soil one or both; Again the mixture of seed and matrix is loaded pocket, and this pocket is imbedded earth and put shady and cool place and store 4-7 month; Preferably, the described matrix carbendazim of its weight 1%-3% carries out disinfection.
3. implantation methods according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when described matrix is river sand, the humidity of river sand is 50%-65%; When matrix is humus soil, humidity humous is 30-40%; When matrix is river sand mixing humus soil, the humidity of matrix is 20-30%.
4. implantation methods according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described pocket is woven bag, and makes regular check on the pocket imbedding earth.
5. implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sowing time of barrenwort seed be before annual soil freezes 1-2 week or next year soil thaw after 1-2 week.
6. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step B, select the loose field that humus content is higher, before plantation, spraying herbicide weeds a garden in advance, deep ploughing 15-20cm, and execute well-rotted farmyard manure 400-1000 thousand grams/acre and make base fertilizer, tipping mixing, ridging, then by barrenwort planting seed full for embryonic development.
7. implantation methods according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in described ridging step, ridge bed digs shallow slot, spreads into ash at the bottom of shallow slot, then by barrenwort seed broadcasting full for embryonic development on ash, cover barrenwort seed with face, thin ridge soil, water, then mulching straw; Preferably, described shallow slot width is 3-5cm, and face, thin ridge soil covers barrenwort seed 2-4cm.
8. implantation methods according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in described step B, also on the field of sowing barrenwort seed, takes shading shed; Preferably, the obscurity of described shading shed is 60-75%.
9. implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step B, the seeding quantity of barrenwort seed is 0.6-1.2g/m 2.
10. implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step C, after planting Second Year early Febuary-early March, by barrenwort seedling balled transplanting, and according to line-spacing 20-25cm, the dark 9-10cm in cave, earthing 4-6cm carries out dibbling.
11. implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described steps A, use the breeding of nylon netted woven bag bagging; Preferably, the length of this woven bag is 15-45cm, and width is 10-18cm.
CN201510276030.XA 2015-05-26 2015-05-26 Epimedium planting method Pending CN104904467A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105875328A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-24 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 Fertilizing method of potted berberis thumbergii
CN107371738A (en) * 2017-08-24 2017-11-24 江苏奥沃思特生物科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of Epimedium sagittatum
CN109006225A (en) * 2018-07-17 2018-12-18 临江市北方道地中药材有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of Herba Epimedii
CN114766294A (en) * 2022-06-02 2022-07-22 西和县百草堂中药材有限公司 Method for cultivating bionic epimedium

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KR101162313B1 (en) * 2008-10-27 2012-07-04 김충현 Farm work with natural herb medicines and red ginseng saponin
CN102057776A (en) * 2010-10-22 2011-05-18 南京农业大学 Method for breaking dormancy of epimedium wushanense seeds
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105875328A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-24 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 Fertilizing method of potted berberis thumbergii
CN107371738A (en) * 2017-08-24 2017-11-24 江苏奥沃思特生物科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of Epimedium sagittatum
CN109006225A (en) * 2018-07-17 2018-12-18 临江市北方道地中药材有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of Herba Epimedii
CN114766294A (en) * 2022-06-02 2022-07-22 西和县百草堂中药材有限公司 Method for cultivating bionic epimedium

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Application publication date: 20150916