CN106888924A - One kind greening seedlings complete crown method for planting - Google Patents
One kind greening seedlings complete crown method for planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN106888924A CN106888924A CN201710120118.1A CN201710120118A CN106888924A CN 106888924 A CN106888924 A CN 106888924A CN 201710120118 A CN201710120118 A CN 201710120118A CN 106888924 A CN106888924 A CN 106888924A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind greening seedlings complete crown method for planting, including 1）Planting hole；2）Complete crown selection of seedling；3）Complete crown pruning；4）Nursery stock is protected；5）Before seedling is played to prepare；6）Lifting；7）Lifting is packed；8）Entrucking is transported；9）Plant；10）Maintenance；11）Prune 12）It is cold-proof；13）Managed after cultivation；The present invention is reasonable in design, management science, effectively, and the greening seedling survival rate of this method plant is greatly enhanced, and growth is rapid after planting, and quickly forms landscape, and ecological benefits, social benefit are significantly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind greening seedlings complete crown method for planting.
Background technology
Greening seedlings（Rice footpath 3cm~20cm）Complete crown is transplanted, and the place, soil when content includes transplanted seedling tree prepare, seedling
The selection of wood, digging, transport, plant, pruning, support, soil fertilizer and water management, the measure of raising survival rate, the technology of promotion growth are arranged
Apply.
Greening seedling refers to the flower plant for greening environment, comprising：It is arbor, flowering shrub, draft, seedlings of cereal crops class, aquatic
Plant, potted plant class.Greening seedling has artificial culture, with specific morphological feature,（Example：Highly consistent, diameter is consistent, branch
Point is consistent）It is generally used for all natural environments such as afforestation, roadside greening, park irrigation, subdistrict greening, living environment,
Among PE greening.It can improve quality of air environment, increase the color of life, at the same can also loosen the work of people with
Life stress, feels to be in a cheerful frame of mind.
With having a strong impact on for urban environment air pollution and noise, greening seedling is mostly using greening seedlings plant side
Method, can make the nursery stock Fast Growth on greening road both sides within the most short time, shortens planting time, playing as early as possible
Greening environment, the effect for reducing noise reduction pollution, but existing greening seedlings can often go out in the process that complete crown is transplanted
Existing, transplanted seedling tree regularity is inconsistent, indivedual nursery stocks death occurs, even if mending the problem planted and can also influence neat nursery stock uniformity
Occur, the method or technology that these chief reasons also reside in the complete crown plant of greening seedlings are not mature enough, cause to afforest seedlings
Planting quality be affected, increase greening seedlings plant cost.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of greening seedlings complete crown method for planting, present invention design
Rationally, management science, effectively, the greening seedling survival rate of this method plant is greatly enhanced, and growth is rapid after planting, raw
State benefit, social benefit are significantly increased.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
One kind greening seedlings complete crown method for planting, comprises the following steps：
1）Planting hole：Planting hole diameter should be greater than the root width or more than soil ball diameter 40cm of nursery stock；Plant acupoint depth should be greater than
Dig the root system or more than soil ball longitudinal thickness 20cm of nursery stock；
2）Complete crown selection of seedling：Selection crown type grace, robust growth, the greening seedling of no disease and pests harm are used as complete crown nursery stock；
3）Complete crown pruning：Including sparse branching, dredge leaf and clip treatment；
4）Nursery stock is protected：Complete crown nursery stock should be gradually upward since base portion, in the case where not bending, is held together each major branch with straw rope
It is tied together；
5）Before seedling is played to prepare：Play before seedling to be marked every nursery stock, after having marked, playing before seedling 2d~3d, water；
6）Lifting：Using machinery or artificial lifting, table soil is first removed during digging, be defined by being shown in Table root, then dug under row, used when meeting thick root
Saw is sawed-off to be scabbled again；
7）Lifting is packed：Using the flexible package of soil ball root system or soil ball root system rigid package；
8）Entrucking is transported：Complete crown nursery stock entrucking by the way of misplacing up and down in entrucking, pad sets slow between every two complete crown nursery stocks
Structural material is rushed, and is covered with covering in transportation；
9）Plant
A, plant time：Selection spring and autumn plant；
Root system treatment before b, plant：The preceding use methyl α-naphthyl acetate 100mg/kg~200mg/kg or ABT root-inducing powders 50mg/kg of plant~
The solution treatment root wound of 200mg/kg, or the methyl α-naphthyl acetate that 50mg/kg~100mg/kg is poured after backfill；
C, method for planting：After nursery stock enters plant pit, fixed nursery stock makes trunk central point perpendicular to ground level；The depth of planting ensures to fill out
It is higher than soil ball surface 5cm~10cm that soil is flat；Then the organic fertilizer that top layer loam and part are become thoroughly decomposed is imposed at plant pit bottom respectively
Around portion and root system, loam layering in top layer is steady and sure, is supported by trunk, cofferdam；
D, water：Watered behind cofferdam 2 times, irrigated, be immediately performed after transplanting for the first time, second 2d after plant or the
3d is carried out；
10）Maintenance
A, pour water：Be divided into Growing season pour water, moisturizing of spraying water, freeze-up water and water of turning green；
B, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
C, foliage spray：At the plant initial stage, blade face is sprayed using 2 ‰~5 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphates, urea or other inorganic fertilizers；
D, trunk protection：Including the defeated nutrient solution of trunk transfusion bottle and trunk whitewashing；
11）Prune：Pruned including dormant pruning and growth period；
12）It is cold-proof：Including twining dry and setting air partition；
13）Managed after cultivation
A, ridging：Ridging height 20cm~30cm；
B, weeding are loosened the soil：During soil hardening, pour water or heavy rain after, when earth's surface is slightly dry tackle the in good time weeding of plant pit loosen the soil；
C, water drainage and repairing.
Preferably, the step（3）Sparse branching in " complete crown pruning " refers to bilevel sparse branching staggered positions
Prune, and angle between adjacent paper slip is 30 °~45 °.
Preferably, the step（3）Clip treatment in " complete crown pruning " is clip truncation and slightly above base portion
0.5cm~1cm, wound diameter is more than the japanning of 1cm or seals with wax, it is possible to use bactericide or callus plastics are smeared；
Preferably, the step（6）Artificial lifting is in the outer operation ditch for digging 60cm~80cm of circle and extremely specifies in " lifting "
Depth；Mechanical lifting is hung out by cutting off root system by mark.
Preferably, the step（8）Buffer structure material in " entrucking transport " is knitted in nursery stock middle setting fiber
It is the filler of primary raw material to be filled in the bumping bag that thing makes, bumping bag with the stalk or straw sterilized, at it after filling
To keep moistening, buffer structure material pads be located between two offspring wood along its length for upper watering.
Preferably, the step（9）In " method for planting " when the nursery stock root to transplanting carries out backfill operation, first
Sterilizing treatment is carried out to soil successively using carbendazim, fenaminosulf.
Preferably, the step（10）The selected trunk whitewashing of trunk protection, is after transplanted seedling tree in " maintenance "
Reply trunk whitewashing, prevents day from burning and bacterium, worm's ovum occurs and kill.
Preferably, white-out agent copper sulphate quick lime white-out agent, wherein copper sulphate:Quick lime:Water=1:20:60,
Or lime sulfur quick lime white-out agent, wherein, lime sulfur stoste:Salt:Quick lime:Grease:Water=1:1:6:0.8:20；Apply
Bai Shi, accomplishes that liquid is not lost in, and is not stuck up after doing, not fallen off.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention to afforest seedlings whole plant process carry out rationally, the design of science,
Planning, is improved on to pruning sparse branching first, and sparse branching is pruned using bilevel sparse branching staggered positions, and adjacent paper
Angle between bar is 30 °~45 °, and nursery stock has good development space in so not only ensure that incubation of transplanting again,
And do not interfere with each other between branch and branch, it is ensured that the space of branch development, and cause that the development limit and density of branch reach
Maximum, is conducive to nursery stock later stage preferable growing way；
Secondly, the traffic condition during the present invention is transported to entrucking is improved, and existing transport is directly that nursery stock is fixed on into car
It is interior, extruding can be also produced between such nursery stock, bad branch is easily rolled over, and nursery stock is fine or not most important in transportation, such as
The good transportation environment of fruit neither one, the then effect transplanted after nursery stock suffers damage will be reduced, and can also influence its survival rate,
Therefore the present invention sets buffer structure material between nursery stock, the buffer structure material makes simple, and low cost, using effect is good,
It is slow
Rush ability strong, the infringement in transportation can be minimized, and moisture retention is good.
Specific embodiment
In order that one of ordinary skill in the art is better understood on technical scheme, with reference to embodiment
Technical scheme is further described.
Embodiment one：One kind greening seedlings complete crown method for planting, by taking complete crown nursery stock of falling leaves as an example, comprises the following steps：
1）Planting hole：Planting hole diameter should be greater than the root width or more than soil ball diameter 40cm of nursery stock；Plant acupoint depth should be greater than
Dig the root system or more than soil ball longitudinal thickness 20cm of nursery stock；
Dig planting hole before first carry out Farm Planning, specifically in greening construction, plant before to periphery communal facility, soil,
Situations such as road surface, street architecture thing, underground and aerial pipeline, is investigated, and performs record in detail, the place to needing construction
Cleared up, then carried out landform arrangement by design drawing requirement, such as needed improved soil, should be suitable to reach by soil removal and replacement and fertilising
Answer the requirement of plant growth；
The determination of planting hole position：Planting hole fixed point unwrapping wire should meet design drawing requirement, such as underground utilities, planting hole wall and
Pipeline outer distance should be greater than 50cm, and specific requirement is determined with reference to municipal related specifications with design box drain general solution；
Planting hole shape：Depending on planting hole shape, specification can be according to soil ball shapes, plant pit facade and horizontal vertical, avoid and scrape out " on
It is small under big " taper or pot bottom-shape；The cave bottom of square plant pit should pile up the rectangle earthen platform that a height is 15cm~20cm；Plant
Plant hole diameter should be greater than the root width or more than soil ball diameter 40cm of nursery stock；Plant acupoint depth should be greater than the root system or soil of digging nursery stock
More than ball longitudinal thickness 20cm；
Planting hole will also be cleared up after digging：There are building waste such as concrete, pitch, fragment of brick, chad, lime, plastics in planting hole
When debris, house refuse, must remove, if any solonchak, alkaline earth or other harmful substance persons, to remove and be replaced by the good soil of plant；
Soil compaction layer in cave：Run into because rolling, it is steady and sure and caused by seep water difficult soil compaction layer when, beaten using drill rod,
Loosen the soil treatment；
2）Complete crown selection of seedling：Selection crown type grace, robust growth, the greening seedling of no disease and pests harm are used as complete crown nursery stock；
3）Complete crown pruning：Including sparse branching, dredge leaf and clip treatment；
Sparse branching：The pruning of complete crown nursery stock should be based on removing, and emphasis removes sick branch, withered branch, damages branch, intersects branch, overstocked
The part skeleton branch of branch, too low descending branch and influence appreciation effect；The extension branch of the skeleton branches at different levels retained is unable to cutting back；Seedling
After wood is pruned, nature, complete tree-like is remained in that；Sparse branching refers to that bilevel sparse branching staggered positions are pruned, and adjacent
Angle between paper slip is 30 °~45 °；
Dredge leaf：The season of growth transplants, and is thinning out the 1/3~1/2 of total blade amount；When dredging leaf " it is interior it is dilute it is outer it is close, view and admire that face suitably more to be protected
Stay ", broadleaf tree allows to cut the part for retaining blade in addition to thin leaf, also；
Clip treatment：Clip requirement is smooth, does not cleave, and clip truncation and slightly above base portion 0.5cm~1cm, wound diameter are more than
1cm person is painted or seals with wax, it is possible to use bactericide or callus plastics are smeared；
4）Nursery stock is protected：Complete crown nursery stock should be gradually upward since base portion, in the case where not bending, is held together each major branch with straw rope
It is tied together, in order to dredge operation and transport；
5）Before seedling is played to prepare：Play before seedling to be marked every nursery stock, after having marked, playing before seedling 2d~3d, water；
6）Lifting：Playing before seedling should mark circle centered on trunk by given size, during mechanical lifting, by mark cut-out root system
Can hang out；Using artificial lifting, table soil is first removed in the outer operation ditch for digging 60cm~80cm of circle and to prescribed depth, during digging, with
Root is shown in Table to be defined, then the lower digging of row, should again be scabbled with saw is sawed-off when meeting thick root, hard shovel is not allowed, it is to avoid cause soil ball spallation；
7）Lifting is packed：Using soil ball root system flexible package：The complete crown nursery stock of usual specification, loam or clay loam aerial should be adopted
Soil ball technology is pricked with Soft Roll, stayed soil ball is accomplished up big and down small in " gyroscope-like " or the shape of " frustoconical " with spade,
Soil ball bottom should not stay too much, typically about the 1/3 of soil ball diameter, and when receiving bottom, meeting thick root system should be sawed-off, soil ball straw rope
Twine and tie up.First skirt-roof rope, the winding of soil ball waist is tight, with around, with beating, waist rope width depending on soil ball soil property, generally soil ball
1/5 or so, waist rope enclose it is good after, inwardly dig one in soil ball bottom and enclose 5cm~6cm cunettes wide, pocket is the bottom of around during in order to packing
Along and be difficult to release；When twining soil ball with straw rope, should slightly be inclined, from top to bottom using bifilar or four strands of straw ropes with trunk as starting point
Returned to soil ball surface by another side again along ditch around to soil ball bottom, wound clockwise further around trunk, the second layer and ground floor
Intersect embossing, should be sequenced during around straw rope, made in order, it is closely knit, take up；Trees are pushed over by direction is subscribed after completing packing, is met straight
Root will must not be pushed away firmly according to disconnected；
Soil ball root system rigid package：The complete crown nursery stock of complete crown nursery stock or digging soil ball diameter more than 1.5m on sand loam garden ground should be adopted
With the hard wrapping technique of soil ball, " square " will be accomplished above soil ball with iron milling, each hem width degree should be slightly less than top below soil ball
Each side 10cm~20cm, stays soil ball to accomplish up big and down small " inverted trapezoidal ".Using wood（Steel）Plate case packing, is with four blocks of wood
（Iron）Wallboard and 2 pieces~4 blocks wood（Iron）Cover plate and 2 pieces~3 blocks wood（Iron）Base plate wraps up soil ball；Iron sheet is used using what plank was wrapped up
It is fixed, reinforced with angle bar and bolt connection using what iron plate was wrapped up；
Naked root system can also be used：Effective root width of naked complete crown nursery stock should be more than 10 times of ground diameter.Meet following table requirement：
The root width and depth of naked complete crown nursery stock
During digging, root should be avoided from cleaving, soil of the band on root system is tried one's best reservation, should not be shaked off；The root for be damaged, fractureing should subtract
Fall；Should spray water moisturizing when arid.
8）Entrucking is transported：Complete crown nursery stock entrucking by the way of misplacing up and down in entrucking, pads between every two complete crown nursery stocks
If buffer structure material, and covered with covering in transportation；
Complete crown nursery stock crane loading, hanging belt from the bottom of root soil ball is near centre pocket, and at hook and should be set
Dry short distance binding, should swathe burlap piece in order to avoid damaging bark before bondage on trunk.Nursery stock should fill close to vertically slinging
Che Shi, root system should be towards headstock, and backward and proping, colligation is consolidated for treetop part.Nursery stock answers alternate tiers row pattern, it is to avoid between soil ball
Mutually extruding or artificial trample.Entrucking should " on not superelevation, the tip do not mop floor ", the backplate of car answers pad grass curtain, prevents from shaking in transit
Shake, damage dry hide.Crowded around using rope when treetop is long and sling；
Buffer structure material is stalk of the filling to sterilize in the bumping bag made in nursery stock middle setting fabric, bumping bag
Or straw is the filler of primary raw material, sprinkled water thereon after filling to keep moistening, buffer structure material is along its length
Pad is located between two offspring wood；
Complete crown nursery stock should be transported using motor vehicles, and plant quarantine, free pratique onboard should be carried out before entrucking；Nursery stock in transport
Answer bondage firmly, and covered with covering, it is to avoid direct sunlight, reduce tree body moisture loss, answer fast freight, fast cultivation；
9）Plant
A, plant time：The plant of fallen leaves nursery stock, was carried out before the spring lowest temperature is more than 0 DEG C, branch germination, or in the fall
Carried out before and after fallen leaves and when the lowest temperature is not less than 0 DEG C；
After the plant of evergreen nursery stock, should be carried out in the spring lowest temperature more than 0 DEG C, or young sprout stops growing in the fall, minimum gas
Temperature is carried out when being not less than 0 DEG C；
Root system treatment before b, plant：The preceding use methyl α-naphthyl acetate 100mg/kg~200mg/kg or ABT root-inducing powders 50mg/kg of plant~
The solution treatment root wound of 200mg/kg, or the methyl α-naphthyl acetate that 50mg/kg~100mg/kg is poured after backfill；
C, method for planting：After nursery stock enters plant pit, fixed nursery stock makes trunk central point perpendicular to ground level；The depth of planting ensures to fill out
It is higher than soil ball surface 5cm~10cm that soil is flat；The organic fertilizer that top layer loam and part are become thoroughly decomposed should be respectively imposed in plant pit bottom
And around root system, fertilising quantity depends on the circumstances, and the raw-soil is placed on plant pit top or periphery, and backfill should be layered having peace of mind；Backfill
When having miscellaneous bacteria, sterilizing treatment should be carried out to soil in advance using bactericide such as carbendazim, fenaminosulf；
Trunk is supported：Trunk support is carried out after plant, support should be the support of triangle timber, the support of corner timber or other modes branch
Support, consolidates tree body, it is to avoid to incline；In the fixing point position of support, burlap or blade should be swathed on trunk, it is to avoid bark is damaged
Wound；
Plant nursery stock and the distance of trolley line：During line voltage 220V~380V, the horizontal range of branch to electric wire and it is vertical away from
From not small 1m；During line voltage 3300V~10000V, the horizontal range and vertical range of branch to electric wire are not less than 3m,
The related request of municipal specification must be met；
Cofferdam：Soil is backfilled after finishing and carrying out support, answers timely cofferdam, is carried out and is blocked water tree disk.Tree disk should be bigger than soil ball diameter
15cm~30cm, is highly 10cm~15cm, and cofferdam should be artificial steady and sure or be made real with spade, accomplishes not metal run out, water-tight；
D, water：After carrying out tree disk, the nursery stock of new plant should at least pour 2 times it is permeable；Permeable for the first time is real immediately after plant
Apply, to mend soil in time after water is heavy fills and leads up, it is ensured that root system is in close contact with soil；It is in the 2d or 3d for transplanting that second permeable
Carry out；The arid time should optionally increase irrigation times, and carry out soil moisture conservation；
10）Maintenance
A, pour water：Be divided into Growing season pour water, moisturizing of spraying water, freeze-up water and water of turning green；
Growing season is poured water：The season of growth, complete crown transplanting nursery stock water evaporation quantity is big, should water in good time, should be irrigated when pouring water；
Water spray moisturizing：The complete crown nursery stock that early spring is transplanted and high temperature season is transplanted, should spray to trunk, tree crown daily after cultivation in first quarter moon
Water, keeps moistening.Water spraying time should be before 10 points or after 15 points；
Freeze-up water：Before entering the winter, the nursery stock transplanted then should pour water and seal cave with soil and survive the winter.North of Yangtze River area should be in November
The middle ten days and the last ten days to mid-December soil it is freeze-up before pour freeze-up water, freeze-up water should be irrigated, with sharp nursery stock safe overwintering；
Turn green water：March in early spring should open cave and pour water of turning green, and promote nursery stock to turn green in good time, reduce earth's surface day and night temperature, it is to avoid cold spell in spring
Harm plant；
Shelter from heat or light：High temperature, arid, high light, strong wind season, after the complete crown transplanted seedling tree of evergreen tree or Growing season with tender leaf should
Sheltered from heat or light using sunshade net, after shading treatment should remain to complete slow seedling；
B, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The pest and disease damage pests occurrence rule and Pesticide use method of nursery stock are grasped, is suited the remedy to the case, in good time, safety makes
With agricultural chemicals, the generation of disease and pest control and spread, sick branch is removed in time, reduce pollution；
C, foliage spray：At the plant initial stage, blade face is sprayed with 2 ‰~5 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphates, urea or other inorganic fertilizers, spraying should
The calm fine day of selection or cloudy day, carried out without dew or during the dusk in the morning；
D, trunk protection：Including the defeated nutrient solution of trunk transfusion bottle and trunk whitewashing；
The defeated nutrient solution of trunk transfusion bottle：Root is damaged the more serious or weak big tree of tree vigo(u)r, should be below trunk branching-point
45° angle inserts infusion niidl obliquely at 50cm~100cm, and depth reaches the newborn xylem position of 4cm~5cm, and Pig is defeated
Enter nutrient solution, hestening rooting, germination strengthen tree vigo(u)r, and infusion-completed is sealed at pinprick using soil；
Trunk whitewashing：Trunk whitewashing is tackled after transplanted seedling tree, is prevented day from burning and bacterium, worm's ovum is occurred and kill.White-out agent sulphur
Sour copper quick lime white-out agent（Copper sulphate:Quick lime:Water=1:20:60）Or lime sulfur quick lime white-out agent（Lime sulfur is former
Liquid:Salt:Quick lime:Grease:Water=1:1:6:0.8:20）.When whitewashing, should accomplish that liquid is not lost in, not stuck up after doing, do not fallen off；
11）Prune：Pruned including dormant pruning and growth period；
Dormant pruning：Cut off lose the too low descending branch of the neat newborn branch of excessive growth of branch, sick deadwood, influence crown type, shade tree,
Superfluous branch, butt descendant on trunk；
Growth period prunes：Coppice spout unnecessary in tree body, descendant are wiped out, the descending branch for removing tree crown, special-shaped branch is dredged.Fruit tree kind tree
Kind, answer in good time flower thinning, fruit thinning；
12）It is cold-proof：Including twining dry and setting air partition；
Twine dry：Enter slightly worse to cold resistance before the winter, the nursery stock of high temperature season plant and fall planting twines dry protection using materials such as straw ropes, from
Butt is close to be wound to dry 1.5m~2.0m high or branching-point position, and super large standard landscape seedling can be twined to more than branching-point
2m~3m；
If air partition：Plant should set air partition with Second Year then, and cold-proof to survive the winter, air partition should be arranged on meets main wind direction, and three faces are taken
If or four sides is gone along with sb. to guard him, cold district top surface should be sealed；Air partition highly should be higher than that tree crown 15cm~20cm, apart from tree crown outer
50cm, support sets and answers firm and durable, does protective facing using thick non-woven fabrics or two faces band glue colour bar cloth thereon.Cold district should
Increase blade or plastic cloth does liner；
13）Managed after cultivation
A, ridging：After freeze-up water is poured, plant pit should earth up cold-proof, ridging height 20cm~30cm, it is to avoid rhizome and root system are received
Freeze injury；
B, weeding are loosened the soil：During soil hardening, pour water or heavy rain after, when earth's surface is slightly dry tackle the in good time weeding of plant pit loosen the soil；
C, water drainage and repairing：After heavy rain, the drainage works in plant pit should be in time carried out, it is ensured that drained the water away in 12h；
Repairing：It was found that supporter loosens, lodges, when supporter and damaged air partition, should immediately be reinforced and be repaired.
Label：Nursery stock variety name, classification, habit feature etc. are hung in tag form.
Embodiment two：By taking evergreen complete crown nursery stock as an example, and unlike embodiment one：
6）Lifting：Playing before seedling should mark circle centered on trunk by given size, during using mechanical lifting, be cut off by mark
Root system can hang out；
7）Lifting is packed：Soil ball root system rigid package：The complete crown nursery stock on sand loam garden ground or digging soil ball diameter are more than 1.5m's
Complete crown nursery stock should use the hard wrapping technique of soil ball, and " square " will be accomplished above soil ball with iron milling, and each hem width degree should below soil ball
This is slightly less than each side 10cm~20cm in top, stays soil ball to accomplish up big and down small " inverted trapezoidal ".Using wood（Steel）Plate case packing,
It is with four blocks of wood（Iron）Wallboard and 2 pieces~4 blocks wood（Iron）Cover plate and 2 pieces~3 blocks wood（Iron）Base plate wraps up soil ball；Using plank
Being fixed with iron sheet for wrapping, is reinforced using what iron plate was wrapped up with angle bar and bolt connection；
9）Plant；
After the plant of evergreen nursery stock, should be carried out in the spring lowest temperature more than 0 DEG C, or young sprout stops growing in the fall, minimum gas
Temperature is carried out when being not less than 0 DEG C；
Root system treatment before b, plant：The methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 50mg/kg~100mg/kg is poured before plant after backfill.
General principle of the invention, principal character and advantages of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. it is a kind of to afforest seedlings complete crown method for planting, it is characterised in that to comprise the following steps：
1）Planting hole：Planting hole diameter should be greater than the root width or more than soil ball diameter 40cm of nursery stock；Plant acupoint depth should be greater than
Dig the root system or more than soil ball longitudinal thickness 20cm of nursery stock；
2）Complete crown selection of seedling：Selection crown type grace, robust growth, the greening seedling of no disease and pests harm are used as complete crown nursery stock；
3）Complete crown pruning：Including sparse branching, dredge leaf and clip treatment；
4）Nursery stock is protected：Complete crown nursery stock should be gradually upward since base portion, in the case where not bending, is held together each major branch with straw rope
It is tied together；
5）Before seedling is played to prepare：Play before seedling to be marked every nursery stock, after having marked, playing before seedling 2d~3d, water；
6）Lifting：Using machinery or artificial lifting, table soil is first removed during digging, be defined by being shown in Table root, then dug under row, used when meeting thick root
Saw is sawed-off to be scabbled again；
7）Lifting is packed：Using the flexible package of soil ball root system or soil ball root system rigid package；
8）Entrucking is transported：Complete crown nursery stock entrucking by the way of misplacing up and down in entrucking, pad sets slow between every two complete crown nursery stocks
Structural material is rushed, and is covered with covering in transportation；
9）Plant
A, plant time：Selection spring and autumn plant；
Root system treatment before b, plant：The preceding use methyl α-naphthyl acetate 100mg/kg~200 mg/kg or ABT root-inducing powder 50mg/kg of plant~
The solution treatment root wound of 200mg/kg, or the methyl α-naphthyl acetate that 50mg/kg~100mg/kg is poured after backfill；
C, method for planting：After nursery stock enters plant pit, fixed nursery stock makes trunk central point perpendicular to ground level；The depth of planting ensures to fill out
It is higher than soil ball surface 5cm~10cm that soil is flat；Then the organic fertilizer that top layer loam and part are become thoroughly decomposed is imposed at plant pit bottom respectively
Around portion and root system, loam layering in top layer is steady and sure, is supported by trunk, cofferdam；
D, water：Watered behind cofferdam 2 times, irrigated, be immediately performed after transplanting for the first time, second 2d after plant or the
3d is carried out；
10）Maintenance
A, pour water：Be divided into Growing season pour water, moisturizing of spraying water, freeze-up water and water of turning green；
B, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
C, foliage spray：At the plant initial stage, blade face is sprayed using 2 ‰~5 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphates, urea or other inorganic fertilizers；
D, trunk protection：Including the defeated nutrient solution of trunk transfusion bottle and trunk whitewashing；
11）Prune：Pruned including dormant pruning and growth period；
12）It is cold-proof：Including twining dry and setting air partition；
13）Managed after cultivation
A, ridging：Ridging height 20cm~30cm；
B, weeding are loosened the soil：During soil hardening, pour water or heavy rain after, when earth's surface is slightly dry tackle the in good time weeding of plant pit loosen the soil；
C, water drainage and repairing.
2. one kind according to claim 1 afforests seedlings complete crown method for planting, it is characterised in that the step（3）" complete crown
Sparse branching in pruning " refers to that bilevel sparse branching staggered positions are pruned, and angle between adjacent paper slip be 30 °~
45°。
3. one kind according to claim 1 afforests seedlings complete crown method for planting, it is characterised in that the step（3）" complete crown
Clip treatment in pruning " is clip truncation and slightly above base portion 0.5cm~1cm, wound diameter be more than 1cm japanning or
Seal with wax, it is possible to use bactericide or callus plastics are smeared.
4. one kind according to claim 1 afforests seedlings complete crown method for planting, it is characterised in that the step（6）" rise
Artificial lifting is in the outer operation ditch for digging 60cm~80cm of circle and to prescribed depth in seedling "；Mechanical lifting is by mark cut-out root
System can hang out.
5. one kind according to claim 1 afforests seedlings complete crown method for planting, it is characterised in that the step（8）" entrucking
Buffer structure material in transport " is to fill to sterilize in the bumping bag made in nursery stock middle setting fabric, bumping bag
Stalk or straw be the filler of primary raw material, sprinkled water thereon after filling to keep moistening, buffer structure material is along long
Degree directional pad is located between two offspring wood.
6. one kind according to claim 1 afforests seedlings complete crown method for planting, it is characterised in that the step（9）" plant
In method " when the nursery stock root to transplanting carries out backfill operation, first soil is killed successively using carbendazim, fenaminosulf
Bacterium is disinfected.
7. one kind according to claim 1 afforests seedlings complete crown method for planting, it is characterised in that the step（10）" support
The selected trunk whitewashing of trunk protection, is that trunk whitewashing is tackled after transplanted seedling tree in shield ", and preventing from day from burning, it is thin to occur and kill
Bacterium, worm's ovum.
8. one kind according to claim 7 afforests seedlings complete crown method for planting, it is characterised in that the white-out agent sulfuric acid
Copper quick lime white-out agent, wherein copper sulphate:Quick lime:Water=1:20:60, or lime sulfur quick lime white-out agent, wherein, stone sulphur
Mixture stoste:Salt:Quick lime:Grease:Water=1:1:6:0.8:20；When whitewashing, accomplish that liquid is not lost in, do not stuck up after doing, do not taken off
Fall.
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