CN104642054B - A kind of big specification Chinese scholar tree transplanting construction method in the north - Google Patents
A kind of big specification Chinese scholar tree transplanting construction method in the north Download PDFInfo
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- CN104642054B CN104642054B CN201510068743.7A CN201510068743A CN104642054B CN 104642054 B CN104642054 B CN 104642054B CN 201510068743 A CN201510068743 A CN 201510068743A CN 104642054 B CN104642054 B CN 104642054B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
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- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of plant transplanting construction method, more particularly to a kind of big specification Chinese scholar tree transplanting construction method in the north.The big specification Chinese scholar tree transplanting construction method in the north, including the treatment before transplanting to nursery stock；Nursery stock digging and lifting；Transplanted seedling tree；Nursery stock conserves.Plant percent is high for present invention construction, normalizable strong operability, can application region it is wide, plant growing condition is reliable and stable, significantly reduce construction cost, so that plant percent is by original anti-season transplanting survival rate 80%, normal season transplanting survival rate 90%, improves 98% till now, and survival rate is significantly improved, economic benefit and social benefit are improve, is worthy to be popularized.
Description
（One）Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant transplanting construction method, more particularly to a kind of big specification Chinese scholar tree transplanting construction party in the north
Method.
（Two）Background technology
Chinese scholar tree integrated distribution is used in NORTH CHINA area mainly as shade tree, isolated planting tree etc., on northern especially mountain
Eastern area application is extremely wide.The need for urban construction, some have grown into the big big specification seedlings of more than diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 35cm
Wood to nursery stock, it is necessary to transplant.There is certain difficulty, and big specification Chinese scholar tree in north in north transplanting in the nursery stock of big specification
Square transplanting success is not always very high, and especially in summer transplantation, therefore for " veteran removes new family ", transplanting success turns into
Urgent problem.
（Three）The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to make up the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of northern large nursery stocks anti-season construction is especially
The method for planting of hot weather construction is low to solve the problems, such as northern large nursery stocks anti-season planting survival rate.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of big specification Chinese scholar tree transplanting construction method in the north is comprised the following steps：
Step one, the treatment before transplanting to nursery stock：Including（1）Nursery stock is completely cured before transplanting, rising agent will be suppressed equal
It is even to spray on plant；（2）Pruning limb is carried out before transplanting to nursery stock, retains clip number 4-8, retain two grades of branch 45-
55cm, the branch edge of a knife after pruning is smooth, not toothing, and smears Wound-healing agent in time；
Step 2, nursery stock digging and lifting：To take trial trench before digging in advance, then by soil ball scope around tree body root
Interior all surface dust remove, and soil ball specification is 8 times of trunk diameter at 1.3 meters of nursery stock trunk, and soil ball is highly the 4/ of soil ball diameter
5, after determining soil ball size according to nursery stock specification, in soil ball outer, the 10-20cm that stretches out starts to excavate, and soil ball is most of to dig
Complete, equating is whole, is sling with crane after tightly being wrapped up with straw rope.
Step 3, transplanted seedling tree：Including（1）Planting soil is improved：After soil scarifying, water is used after adding organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer
Moistened, it is standby after stirring；（2）Plant pit is excavated：The diameter of plant pit compared with soil ball big 60cm, depth down 50cm, together
When the operation ditch of 40cm is stayed per side；（3）Permeability cell is installed：Using pvc pipe, uniformly punched on caliber, then use shade net bag
Wrap up in, be individually positioned in around soil ball, and the 10cm that bassets；（4）Plant pit is filled：Backfill, backfill are added in plant pit
Interior addition hydrogel, hydrogel accounts for the 30% of backfill；
Step 4, nursery stock maintenance：Including（1）Nursery stock is fixed：Nursery stock is by the China fir and No. 14 iron wires of diameter 8cm to nursery stock
Well subtype colligation is carried out, and corner is supported with China fir, the strong point is at the 1/3 of the height of tree；（2）Water：Side is poured when watering
Waterside at the 20cm of soil ball periphery along being equidistantly inserted through water hole so that capillary function is 85% in soil ball；（3）Tree body winds：With grass
Rope is tightly wound to trunk by base portion, until at branching-point；（4）Conveying nutrient solution：Using No. 4 drill bit electric drills, obliquely 45 degree
Deep 3 centimeters to xylem are bored, by the conveying nutrient solution that drills.
After the soil ball is first laterally tightly wrapped up with straw rope, then with straw rope longitudinally wound formation " well " word or " # " shape.
The plant pit upper and lower opening size is consistent.
Plant pit bottom backfills tree again after uniformly being admixed using chicken manure, composite fertilizer and soddy soil and soil in the transplanted seedling tree
Cave.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Plant percent is high for present invention construction, normalizable strong operability, can application region
Extensively, plant growing condition is reliable and stable, significantly reduces construction cost so that plant percent is transplanted by original anti-season
Survival rate 80%, normal season transplanting survival rate 90% improves 98% till now, and survival rate is significantly improved, and improves economic benefit
And social benefit, it is worthy to be popularized.
（Four）Specific embodiment
1st, preparation of construction
Chinese scholar tree transplanting preferably selects to be advisable at the beginning of 3 months spring, autumn by the end of October-mid or late November is advisable.To be applied before construction
Work scheme, people, material, machine etc. carry out sufficiently preparation.
（1）Personnel before going into operation to all scenes carry out technical training.
（2）Items construction water-loss reducer is implemented before going into operation, suppresses the plan of the materials such as rising agent, Wound-healing agent.
（3）Organizational technology and administrative staff are investigated the building in the range of transplanted seedling tree, underground utilities, and nursery stock moves
Scene has all carried out taking and pointedly formulating protection scheme, plant scheme and emergency precautionary measures for trial trench during cultivation.
（4）According to construction schedule, carry out the preparation of labour, goods and materials, equipment in time, formulate field management,
The control measures such as fire-fighting, defendance and environmental sanitation.
（5）Irrigation water should meet《Agricultural irrigation water quality standard》（GB 5084-2005 ）Requirement.
2nd, nursery stock is pruned before transplanting
Limb is pruned on request, remains into second branch 50cm or so, clip number average out to 6, and smear wound in time
Consolidant；The branch edge of a knife after pruning is smooth, not toothing.
3rd, digging
（1）To take trial trench before nursery stock digging in advance, understand nursery stock in the range of whole transplanting under line conditions, reduce
Pipeline influences on nursery stock transplanting.
（2）Big tree is excavated and should ensure that soil ball is intact according to code requirement, soil ball.Soil ball specification is by 1.3 meters of nursery stock trunk
8 times of calculating of trunk diameter, soil ball is highly 4/5 or so of soil ball diameter.After determining soil ball size according to nursery stock specification, in soil
Ball outer stretch out 10-20cm start excavate.First all surface dust in the range of soil ball around tree body root are removed, surrounding starts
Excavate, excavate width to facilitate human users to be advisable, soil ball is typically wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, principle is to reduce capillary root as far as possible and damage
It is good.Run into big lateral root or main root, it is impossible to use spade or blunt ware sliding trackle, and apply saw carefully sawed-off, radicula is cut with scissors.Dig
Should be incremental during pick, in case soil ball spallation；If soil is sandy soil, soil ball is easily split, and can tightly wind soil with straw rope when digging
Ball.
Soil ball major part has been dug, and equating is whole, after laterally tightly being wrapped up with straw rope, with crane can hang helping, in case big tree
Topple over.Soil ball is somewhat hung into soil layer, then is laterally wound with straw rope, form " well " word or " # " shape.Straw rope should be used when winding
Wet straw rope, pulls at compact imbeding soil ball, then fixes, anti-loose.
4th, nursery stock lifting
（1）Lifting environment confirms
To be checked in site machinery work progress before lifting the influence of pipeline is whether there is in mechanical radius, in safety
Measure is complete and manipulator it is experienced in the case of, to avoid obstacle.
（2）Lifting manipulator is selected
The experienced manipulator of lifting selection is lifted, and fully ensures that the high standard of lifting, and to going out in hoisting process
The disposal ability of things of now meeting an urgent need.
（3）Lifting mode
Nursery stock when lifting it is noted that hanging method, in lifting by the way of soil ball and trunk are lifted by crane simultaneously, it is to avoid
Nursery stock soil ball is impaired caused by only hanging trunk comes off and trunk decortication, the injury for causing to be difficult to recover to nursery stock.
5th, transplanted seedling tree
（1）Landform is arranged
Carry out careful leveling to greenbelt before construction, remove all of original vegetation root system in greenbelt, rubbish, big
Soil block etc., makes the planting soil in the scope of operation smooth, careful as far as possible.The planting soil transplanted in the greenbelt of Chinese scholar tree should be less than vertical rock
Stone 5cm, transplants if in landform, then should use platform-type plant pit.Allow as far as possible big specification Chinese scholar tree be in one it is opposed flattened
Ground on.
（2）Planting soil is improved
Planting soil with it is loose, with water penetration and containing organic substance, saline and alkaline be moderate, free of contamination fertile table soil is
Preferably, for original barren soil or the surrounding's foundation trench soil for using, soil property of banketing is poor, be unfavorable for Chinese scholar tree growth, and backfill changes
Good soil moved in improve the original, and add organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer etc. to improve its fertility, and is moistened with water, allows planting soil natural subsidence to stablizing journey
Degree, when domatic soil property pH value is improper, then adopting an effective measure carries out soil acidity or alkalinity improvement.Fertilizer used should be standard agriculture
Field chemical fertilizer simultaneously presses packed offer, meets GB15063-2001 regulations.And the soil to planting-site carries out basic detection, live plant pit
Carry out soil improvement and soil moved in improve the original is changed and filled out, mechanism carries out detection and meets planting soil standard to soil after testing
（3）Plant pit is excavated
Depending on the size of plant pit, shape, the depth should be according to tree root excavation scope, soil ball size and soil ball shapes, compare soil ball
Enlarged diameter 60cm, depth down 50cm, while staying the operation ditch of 40cm per side.Soil property is satisfactory in cave, can be in soil
Soil scarifying 20-30cm below ball or root.The plant soil and roach dug out in planting hole are stacked in both sides outside cave respectively, give up
Native debris should be concentrated and transported.During the plantation of physical features lower is not water-fast wet seeds, mound planting method in cave high should be taken.Mound is highly
It is determined according to the terrain, mound scope should be less than 2 times of soil ball size, and compaction in layers for mound highest point area, is met when digging cave
Underground utilities and structures should be stopped operation.When digging cave, the size of base opening cannot be less than suitable for reading, and plant pit has to comply with upper and lower size
Consistent specification.Hole is overnight, it is necessary to take safety measures.Soil moved in improve the original is replaced in plant pit bottom, using chicken manure, composite fertilizer and soddy soil
Plant pit is backfilled after uniformly being admixed with soil again.
（4）Permeability cell is installed
Using pvc pipe, uniformly punched on caliber, then wrapped up using shade net, it is to avoid blocking of the soil to pore, point
It is not placed on around soil ball, basset 10cm or so.
（5）Plant pit uses water-loss reducer
Water-loss reducer consumption is：Hydrogel accounts for the 30% of backfill, or dry particl accounts for the 3 ‰ of backfill.To 10 centimetres after implementation
The temperature monitoring of soil layer shows that soil temperature is lifted using water-loss reducer have cushioning effect, day and night temperature is reduced to 11-13.5 DEG C,
Soil without water-loss reducer is 11-19.5 DEG C.
（6）Other
Construction period temperature on average is maintained at 19-33 DEG C or so, and big tree growth is vigorous, and metabolism is fast, seedling root after transplanting
Water absorption cannot meet tree body demand, and dehydrating phenomena occurs in plant.The rising agent of suppression is sprayed to tree body before plant, suppresses tree body
Transpiration, by tree body transpiration rate control between 40-140.
The plant time is adjusted in addition, summer temperature is high, tree body transpiration is strong, adjusts the transplant time morning ten
Transplanted before point and to big tree after at 4 points in afternoon, reduce injury of the temperature to plant.
7th, the maintenance management after transplanting
（1）Nursery stock supports
Using 8cm China firs are dry, No. 14 iron wire well subtype colligations, the strong point is controlled at the 1/3 of the height of tree big tree, stress and branch
Support integrity degree is good.
（2）Water
Project management department technician numbers according to nursery stock and record daily live every the transplant time and watering time of nursery stock, and
Side is watered and be equidistantly inserted through water hole and plant pit surface perception degree is checked after the completion of watering at the 20cm of edge soil ball periphery when watering, and is poured
Water abundance plant pit surface forms smooth moisture film, it is ensured that big to set the abundance that water.
After water permeates completely, plant pit surrounding cofferdam soil is piled into middle surrounding high plant pit high and having peace of mind in tree base portion.
With mulch film centered on setting base, plant pit is covered, should be tight during covering, do not weigh and do not leak, at special abutment joint, then entered with soil
Row covering, otherwise easily heaves after air intake, and plant pit cracking, gas leak of divulging a secret, the easy dehydration of root system is difficult to survive.
（3）Tree body winds
Trunk is tightly wound by base portion with straw rope, until at branching-point, winter and spring, straw rope outside is carried out with mulch film again
Winding.The season of summer and autumn two removes mulch film.This measure is both incubated beneficial to tree body, and beneficial to moisture evaporation is reduced, in high temperature and drought
In season, sprayed water to tree body, be conducive to tree body to absorb water again, promote arboreal growth.
（4）Use big tree nutrient solution
Big tree nutrient solution is timely used after big tree plant, promotes big tree vigor.Infusion hole wants standard during defeated nutrient solution, keeps away
Exempt from too fast, the too slow phenomenon of input occur.Electric drill uses No. 4 drill bits, and 45 degree are bored deep 3 centimeters to xylem obliquely, two brills
The level in hole is evenly distributed in tree week, longitudinally staggers.
Should be taken appropriate measures according to weather and arboreal growth situation after plant.Weir is done during soil drought in time to water;
When soil is not done but temperature is dried, aerial part and surrounding environment mist cooling are tackled.Cool canopy can also be built with shade yarn prevents
Exposure to Sunlight.Must be ditched immediately or the draining that digs a well during ponding.
Transplanting Chinese scholar tree totally 304, is to transplant for 87 years, is now diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 35cm above large nursery stocks, and big specification Chinese scholar tree is in north
Square transplanting success is relatively low, is especially transplanted in summer.Using the inventive method, plant percent is transplanted by original anti-season
Survival rate 80%, normal season transplanting survival rate 90% improves 98% till now.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of big specification Chinese scholar tree in north transplants construction method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step one, the treatment before transplanting to nursery stock：Including（1）Nursery stock is completely cured before transplanting, rising agent will be suppressed and uniformly sprayed
Impose on plant；（2）Pruning limb is carried out before transplanting to nursery stock, retains clip number 4-8, retain two grades of branch 45-55cm, repaiied
The branch edge of a knife after cutting is smooth, not toothing, and smears Wound-healing agent in time；
Step 2, nursery stock digging and lifting：To take trial trench before digging in advance, then by institute in the range of soil ball around tree body root
There is surface dust to remove, soil ball specification is 8 times of trunk diameter at 1.3 meters of nursery stock trunk, soil ball is highly the 4/5 of soil ball diameter, root
After determining soil ball size according to nursery stock specification, soil ball outer stretch out 10-20cm start excavate, soil ball major part has dug, repair
It is smooth, sling with crane after tightly being wrapped up with straw rope；
Step 3, transplanted seedling tree：Including（1）Planting soil is improved：After soil scarifying, carried out with water after adding organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer
Moistening, it is standby after stirring；（2）Plant pit is excavated：The diameter of plant pit compared with soil ball big 60cm, depth down 50cm, while often
While staying the operation ditch of 40cm；（3）Permeability cell is installed：Using pvc pipe, uniformly punched on caliber, then wrapped up with shade net, point
It is not placed on around soil ball, and the 10cm that bassets；（4）Plant pit is filled：Added in plant pit in backfill, backfill and added
Enter hydrogel, hydrogel accounts for the 30% of backfill；
Step 4, nursery stock maintenance：Including（1）Nursery stock is fixed：Nursery stock is carried out by the China fir of diameter 8cm and No. 14 iron wires to nursery stock
Well subtype colligation, and corner is supported with China fir, the strong point is at the 1/3 of the height of tree；（2）Water：Waterside is poured on side when watering
Along being equidistantly inserted through water hole at the 20cm of soil ball periphery so that capillary function is 85% in soil ball；（3）Tree body winds：With straw rope pair
Trunk is tightly wound by base portion, until at branching-point；（4）Conveying nutrient solution：Using No. 4 drill bit electric drills, 45 degree are bored deep 3 obliquely
Centimetre conveys nutrient solution to xylem by drilling；
After the soil ball is first laterally tightly wrapped up with straw rope, then with straw rope longitudinally wound formation " well " word or " # " shape；
The plant pit upper and lower opening size is consistent.
2. the big specification Chinese scholar tree in the north according to claim 1 transplants construction method, it is characterised in that：In the transplanted seedling tree
Plant pit bottom backfills plant pit again after uniformly being admixed using chicken manure, composite fertilizer and soddy soil and soil.
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| CN201510068743.7A CN104642054B (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2015-02-10 | A kind of big specification Chinese scholar tree transplanting construction method in the north |
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| CN103392557A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-11-20 | 中邦园林股份有限公司 | Method for transplanting anti-season big arbors |
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| CN105432296A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-30 | 天津创世生态景观建设股份有限公司 | Method for increasing survival rate of transplanted nursery stock |
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| CN106069592A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽菲扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of summer method for digging of deciduous tree nursery stock |
| CN106069588A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 苏州园林营造产业股份有限公司 | Tree in out-of-season mode implantation method |
| CN106105959A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of summer method for digging of deciduous tree nursery stock |
| CN106258743A (en) * | 2016-08-13 | 2017-01-04 | 李朝 | A kind of method for transplanting of Chinese scholar tree |
| CN107258469A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-10-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of landscape big tree transplanting method based on informationization supervision |
| CN107853039A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-03-30 | 北京博艺远景园林养护服务中心 | Tree, which sticks together, warms up shield composition and winter ornamental trees and shrubs method for planting |
| CN113575344A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-02 | 北京市园林绿化集团有限公司 | Anti-season seedling transplanting method by using growth regulator to pick leaves |
| CN113498727A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-10-15 | 武汉市园林科学研究院 | Transplanting method for fine-variety big silver wood trees |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5004873B2 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2012-08-22 | 株式会社アティ | Tree transplanting method |
| CN102487780B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-07-24 | 宋慎汉 | Transplanting method of big camphor trees |
| CN103371088A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-10-30 | 天津峰茵伟业绿化工程有限公司 | Transplanting method applicable to arbors of old tree ages |
| CN102657061B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-06-05 | 滁州市剑春园林园艺工程有限公司 | Transplantation method for garden seedlings |
| CN103518589B (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2015-05-06 | 江苏天亮园林建设有限公司 | Big-tree transplantation method |
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2015
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